Unit 5-【精品课】2022-2023学年八年级英语下册复习手册（人教版）.docx

1、 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came ?短语归纳1.make sure 确信;确认2.beat against. 拍打3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失5. wake up 醒来6. in a mess 一团糟7. break.apart 使分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.时候10. go off (闹钟)发出响声11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过

2、公交车13. pick up 接电话14. bring. together 使靠拢15. in the area 在这个地区16. miss the event 错过这个事件17. by the side of the road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线19. walk by 走路经过20. make ones way to. 在某人去的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消息22.important events in history 历史上的重大事件23.for example 例如24.be killed 被杀害25. over 50

3、 50多(岁）26. a school pupil 一个小学生27. on the radio 通过广播28.in silence 沉默;无声29.more recently 最近地;新近30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心31.take down 拆除;摧毁32.have meaning to 对有意义33.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34.at first 首先;最初 典句必背1. What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚8点你在干什么？ I was taking a shower. 我在洗淋浴。

4、2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner. 当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping? 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？ While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。词汇讲解1. missmiss作动词，意为“想念，思念”。例如：Ill miss you when you go toCa

5、nada.你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。【拓展】(1) miss作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：I tried to hit the ball but I missed.我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。(2) miss还可意为“未赶上，错过”，是动词。例如：I missed the football match on TV last night.我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。(3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; cant help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如：I dont

6、want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。2. suddenlysuddenly作副词，意为“突然，忽然”，在句中多修饰动词或句子，做状语。例如：I suddenly remembered that I didnt bring my key.我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。It all happened so suddenly.一切都发生得那么突然。3. either(1) either作副词，意为“也不”，用在否定句中。例如：He cant play the violin. I cant, eit

7、her.他不会拉小提琴，我也不会。(2) eitherpron.（两者中）任意一个。例如：There are many trees on either side of the street.在街道的每一边都有很多树。(3) eitheror为连词短语，连接两个相同的句子成分，意为“要么要么；或者或者；不是就是”。例如：He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend.在周末，他要么待在家里，要么拜访朋友。They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.他们不是明天来

8、，就是后天来。【注意】eitheror连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致，即遵循就近原则。例如：Either I or he is on duty today.今天不是我值日，就是他值日。4. light（1）light作不可数名词，意为“光；光亮；光线”。例如：The sun gives out light and heat.太阳发出光和热。He read the letter by the light of the candle.他在烛光下读那封信。（2）light作可数名词，意为“电灯；光源”。例如:Dont cross the road when the

9、traffic lights are red.当交通灯是红色时，不要横穿马路。（3）light作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的”。例如：Is the box heavy or light?那箱子是重还是轻？I like the light green dress.我喜欢哪件浅绿色的裙子。（4）light作动词，意为“点燃；照亮”。例如：He sat down and lit a cigarette.他坐下来，点了一支烟。5. beatbeat是及物动词，有以下用法：(1) 意为“赢；打败；战胜”，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为beat。例如：I beat him at long jump y

10、esterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。(2) 意为“打；击”，表示连续不断的打击。例如：Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？(3) 表示“（心脏）等跳动”。例如：I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。【拓展】beat和win都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同：beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而win的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为won。例如：Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。 Who won the first prize in the compe

11、tition?谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？6. againstagainst是介词，其用法如下：(1) 反对，违反。对应的反义词为for，常用于be against sb. / sth.反对某人/某事 例如：Are most people against having a part-time job?大多数人反对做兼职工作吗？(2) 和交战（指竞争、比赛等）。例如：Well have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week.下星期我们将于二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。(3) 碰、撞、擦。例如：Rain

12、 beats against the window. 雨打在窗户上。(4) 倚着、靠着。例如：There was a ladder propped up(支撑) against the wall.一把梯子靠着墙。(5) 防备，抗。例如：She saved money against old age. 她攒钱防老。(6) 逆着。例如：We are sailing against the wind. 我们（的船）正逆风航行。(7) 衬托，相映，对照。例如：Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky.红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。7. try

13、try作动词，意为“尝试，努力”。主要用法如下：（1） try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如：Try not to be late again.尽量别再迟到了。Try to get here in two hours.尽量在两小时之内到达。（2）try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”，强调尝试做某事。例如：You should try eating more vegetables.你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。（3）try ones best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如：We s

14、hould try our best to finish the work on time.我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。8. hard/hardlyhardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同。（1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。例如：I work hard at school. 我在学校努力学习。This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬，挖不动。They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作，以求得成功。【拓展】work h

15、ard at意为“努力于”。例如：He is working hard at English. 他正在努力学习英语。（2）hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not，并非hard的副词形式。例如：There is hardly any coffee left. = Theres almost no coffee left.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。练一练：I.英汉短语互译。1沉默；无声_2remember to do _3首先；最初_4have fun doing sth_5感觉；好像_6on the playground _7(闹钟)发出响声_8report

16、 sth. to sb. _9逐渐变弱、消失_10fall asleep _II.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1Maybe there will be a thunder _(暴风雨)2My mind _(突然) switched back to my conversation with Jeremy3The smoker tossed away the lighted _(火柴)and so caused a fire4I cant read while you are standing in my _(光线)5It was _(报道) that there was going to be

17、 a football match6The farm is about 50 or 60 square kilometers in the _(地区)7You should fly your kite a _ the wind8It rained so _(大) last night that the lake is full of water now9John was very tiredHe soon fell a _10I just want to b_ this bad guyIII.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1I guess from his red eyes that he h

18、as been working too _ (hard) recently2Please remember _(clean) the room after work3Wish you have fun _(learn) English this term4Why didnt you attend yesterdays presentation? Sorry，I _(wait)for an important EMS then from an editor5Almost everyone knows that the moon _(rise) in the east【参考答案】I.英汉短语互译。

19、1. in silence2. 记得做某事3. at first4. 做某事很有趣5. feel like6. 在操场上7. go off8.向某人报告某事9. die down10. 睡着II.根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1. storm 2. suddenly 3. match4. light 5. reported6. area7. against 8. heavily9. asleep 10. beatIII.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. hard 2. to clean 3. learning4. was waiting 5. rises重点句型解析1.What were p

20、eopledoingyesterdayat the time of therainstorm?昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？【解析1】过去进行时过去进行时态.用法：过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night.昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May lastyear. 去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。.与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有at nine last night/ at that time=then/at this time yeste

21、rday /或有when the teacher came in/while he wasreading的提示过去进行时的构成：waswere +现在分词过去进行时的四个基本句型肯定句He was cooking at six last night.否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night?两个回答Yes ,he was. No, he wasnt.特殊疑问句What was he doing at six last night?过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was readi

22、ng when the teacher came in.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。请比较 He watched TV last night.（过去时间lastnight,用一般过去时） He was watching TV at nine last night.(过去时间last night+点时间at nine,用过去进行时) 【解析2】at th

23、e time of在.的时候（常用于过去进行时）【解析3】rainstorm n暴风雨 raincoat雨衣raindrop雨滴2. Myalarmdidntgo offso I _ up late.我的闹钟没有响，因此我起晚了。【解析1】alarm n闹钟an alarm clock一个闹钟【解析2】go off发出响声, (闹钟)闹响，离开The alarm wentoff just now.刚才警钟响了【短语】go over复习 go away离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk出去散步Go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼

24、/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳 【解析】heavily adv在很大程度上heavyadj.沉重的How heavy are you?heavilyadv沉重地The army lost heavily形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 【注】heavy改y为i+ly变为adv ,类似的adj还有：hungry饥饿的hungrilyhappy快乐的happilyangry生气的angrilylucky幸运的luckily3. I _ to the bus stop but I stillmissedthe bus.我_向公共汽车站但还是错过了公

25、共汽车。【解析】missv错过(后接名词、代词或动车ing） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus.想念；思念n用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”【解析】pick up接电话pick up接电话Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up捡起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home（开车）接某人I will pick you up at the station学到；获得He was picking up the skills quickly.得（病）

26、；染上（疾病）4. Thatsstrange.真奇怪【解析】strange adj.奇怪的strangely adv奇怪地stranger n陌生人be strange to对感到陌生strange奇怪的Its strange that she came to the party.陌生的He stands in a stranger street.5.With no light outside, it felt likemidnight.外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。【解析1】with + n +adv，在句中做伴随状语She can see stars in the dark sky

27、 with the window open【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like /want to do sthI feel like _ (catch) a clod today.6 The news on TVreported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.【解析】report v报道reporter n记者make a report做报告weather report天气预报 give a report作报告Its reported that据报道7. so ,when the rainstorm sudd

28、enly came, what were you doing?那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？8.I see.I called again at eight and you didnt answer theneither.我八点钟又给你打电话，你也没有接。【解析1】I see .我知道了。（表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）【拓展】see sb. do sth看到某人做某事see sb. doing sth看到某人正在做某事【解析2】either也【辨析】also /too/as well/ either(1) also也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之

29、后。(2) too也，用于肯定句句末(3)either也，通常放于否定句末9.Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windowswhile his mom was making surethe flashlights and radio wereworking .本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。【解析1】while当.的时候，表示的一个“时间段”，而when一个表示时间点【解析2】make sure确信；确保make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn

30、 off thecomputer when you leavemake sure ofDo you know the time of the train? Youd better make sure of it.【解析3】work运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesnt work.【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：表示“工作”，是不可数名词： He has too much work to do.他要做的工作太多。.表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数： He has read many of Hemingways works.表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单

31、数意义：The glass works（=factory) isare near the station.玻璃工厂在车站附近。 11. Ben couldnot sleepat first.起初，本睡不着。【解析】at first首先；最初【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】(2) first of all首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】 12. He finallyfell asleepwhen the wind wasdying downat around 3:00 a.m在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，他

32、终于睡着了。【解析1】fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着【拓展】sleep / asleep辨析：(1) sleep =be in bed v睡觉，指睡的动作状态，(2) get to sleep =fallasleep入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3)go to bed上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。【记】Hewent to bedat ten last night , but he didntgo to sleepuntil . He onlyfell asleepfor 5 hours. be asleep强调睡着的状态The baby is asleepfall asleep强调入睡的动作My

33、 father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。He li

34、kes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。She was too excited to get to sleep last night.她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床

35、去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。【解析2】 die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。This kind of birdhas died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。13. When hewoke up. the

36、 sun wasrising当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。【解析1】wake up (v+ adv)醒来；睡醒 【解析2】rise增加；提高；增强；上升，升起rise升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置Price rose graduallyraise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Lets raise our glasses to Tom.14.Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish wereeverywhere.【解析1】过去分词做定语fallen leaves落叶【解析2】everywhere处处，到处；各个地方词条含义用法例句everywh

37、ere处处；到处；各个地方可用于任何句式We have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中You can go somewhere you like to.anywhere任何地方否定句You cant go anywhere疑问句Can I go anywhere I choose 15. Theyjoinedthe neighbors to help clean up theneigh hood together.他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。【解析】join加入；参加【辨析】join/join in/tak

38、e part in(1) join=be a member of参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。Join the army / party入伍/党 join the club加入俱乐部join in后接活动名称join sb.加入到某个人群之中(2) take part in参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。16.turn onthe radio打开收音机【解析】turn on打开（反）turn off关掉17.What eventhappenedat the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？【解析】happen发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）(1)hap

39、pen v “发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性sth. happen to sb.某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 She happened _(be) out when wecalled.(2)take place举行，发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took placein our school last week.(3)It happened that碰巧18 .Katerealizedher bag

40、was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家。【解析】realizev意识到realize + n she didnt realize her mistake.realize +从句 I didnt realize that you were so unhappy.19. Robert Allen is nowover50 , but he was a school pupil at that time.罗柏特艾伦现在已经50多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。【解析】1. over= more than超过; 2.覆盖，在之上19. When the school basket

41、ball competition started, Kate was stillmaking her way to school.当学校篮球比赛开始的时候，凯特还在去学校的路上。【解析】make ones way to 在某人去的路上（当后接地点副词时，应省略介词to） 【解析】一段时间+ ago之前，用于一般过去时 20. We werecompletelysurprised!我们完全震惊了！【解析】complete v完成adj.完整的completely彻底地；完全地 【解析】the rest of “其余的，剩下的” ,做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与the rest of修饰的名词一致。

42、The rest of meatgoes bad.The rest of workersare still working hard.21.School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked homein silence.学校停课一天，罗柏特和他的朋友们沉默地走回了家。【解析】silence n沉默 adj. silent沉默；缄默；无声 In silence沉默地、无声地= silently keep silent保持沉默keep quiet保持安静22. More recently , most Americansrem

43、emberwhat they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York wastaken downby terrorists.最近，大部分美国人还记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子袭击的时候自己在做什么。【解析1】remember to do sth与remember doing sth的用法区别。remember to do sth记得去做某事（此事还未做）remember doing sth记得做过某事（此事已做完）I remember turningoff the light when I left the room.我记得离开房间时

44、关灯了。【解析2】take down拆掉；拆毁【解析3】terror n恐怖terrorist恐怖分子be full of terror充满恐怖【拓展】art n艺术artist n艺术家science n科学scientist科学家piano n钢琴pianist n钢琴家23. I was so scared that I couldhardlythink clearly after that.我很害怕以至于后来我几乎无法正常思考。【解析】hardly几乎不；绝不hardly ever从不（almost几乎，差不多） 24.Robert and his friendswere surpri

45、sed toheart he news.罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。【解析1】be surprised to do sth做某事很吃惊【拓展】surprise v使吃惊surprising adj.令人吃惊的surprised adj.吃惊的to ones surprise使某人吃惊的是in surprise吃惊地be surprised at对感到吃惊 【解析2】hear的用法hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。【结构】：hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事；hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事We can often hear some childr

46、en play on the playground.hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。I have heardabout/of the story before.我以前就听说过这个故事。hear from意为“收到.的来信；有.的消息”，=get/receive a letter from.I havent heard from my mother for months.我已经好几个月没有收到我妈妈的来信了。25.Kate didnt think her friend wastelling the

47、truthabout the event.凯特认为对于这次事件她朋友没有说出真相。【解析】true adj.真的truly adv.真地truth实情；事实to be truth n.真相honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话To tell the _ (true), I dont like the drinks in that caf.26. Ihad trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。【解析】trouble n困难；苦恼；忧虑in

48、trouble处于困境中get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境Whats the trouble with you ?= Whats the matter with you ?= What wrong with you ?你怎么啦？have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有麻烦have problem /difficulty/fun (in) doing sth做某事有问题/困难/乐趣练一连：I.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1The old man couldnt find anywhere to live. (改为同义句) The old man could

49、 _ _ to live.2Mother was cooking while I was doing my homework(对画线部分提问) _ _ your mother _ while you were doing your homework?3Lily was reading in the room at that time(改为一般疑问句) _ Lily _ in the room at that time?4I was sleeping at nine last nightLinda was doing her homework at nine last night(用while将

50、句子合并为一句) I _ _ _ Linda _ _ her homework at nine last night5Dont forget to lock the door before you leave(改为同义句) _ _ _ the door before you leaveII.根据汉语提示，完成句子。1这时，我要做的只是默默地服从他。 All I had to do now was to obey him _ _2天在下雨，记着随身携带你的雨衣。 Its raining_ _ _ your raincoat with you3起初我们并没有意识到她的伤口的严重性。 _ _ we

51、didnt realize the severity of her wounds4我今天不太想散步。 I dont _ _ _ very much today5昨天我和我的朋友打篮球打得很开心。 I _ _ playing basketball with my friends yesterday6据报道约200人在芦山地震中丧生。 It _ _ that about 200 people had lost their lives in Lushan earthquake7一直到早上4点聚会的人群才渐渐散去。 The party didnt _ _ until about four in the

52、 morning8当我去接电话时，没有人说话。 When I _ _ the phone，no one spoke9我室友的闹钟总是在午夜响起。 My roommates alarm clock always _ _ at mid-night10如果我开车时睡着了，就叫醒我。 If I fell asleep at the wheel，_ me _III.从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。AWhats your favorite subject(学科)?BWhy do you like Chinese?CWhat do you usually do after dinner?DDo you li

53、ke your subjects at school?EDo you have any Chinese books in your bookcase?A：Hi，David!1B：Yes，I like my subjects a lotA： 2B：ChineseA： 3B：Because its funnyA： 4B：Yes，I usually read them after dinner 5A：I usually watch TV【参考答案】I.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. find nowhere2. What was; doing3. Was; reading4. was sleep

54、ing while; was doing5. Remember to lockII.根据汉语提示，完成句子。1. in silence2. Remember to take3. At first4. feel like walking5. had fun6. was reported7.die down8. picked up9. goes off10. woke; upIII.从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。1-5 DABEC话题写作当今社会我们倡导互相帮助，提倡“雷锋精神”。请你以“A car accident”为题，并根据下列思维导图提供的信息，写一篇短文描述这一次事件的经过。要求：1.

55、中心突出，语意连贯，层次清晰。2时态运用准确。3文中不得出现真实姓名、校名。4书写工整，词数100左右。A car accidentIt was warm yesterday.Iwas_playingin the park with my friends.The park wasnext_toa road.Suddenlywe saw a car running along the road.It was runningsofast.Justat_that_timean old woman was going across the road.The driver saw the old wom

56、an andhad_tostop his car in a hurry.The car wasout_of_controland hit a tree.We ran to the carat_once.We found the driver was badly hurt. We called 120 and 122.We helped the driver get out of the car.Irealizedthat we should help the people in trouble.名师点评：本文包含了“事件类”书面表达的五个基本要素：时间(第1句)、地点(第2句)、人物(第2句)、事件发生的经过(第412句)和得到的启发(最后一句)。短文语意连贯，层次清晰。