Unit 5单元话题阅读理解练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）.docx

1、 Unit 5单元话题阅读理解练习(名校最新真题)（2022秋江苏苏州高一校联考阶段练习）Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 37,500 kilometers around the world and passed through 37 countries. They did thi

2、s to support grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America.The pair, who set off from London, thought their expedition was over when the vehicle started to fail. When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way.

3、 The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turns by Richard and Nick over three days. On arrival in Chepen, Peru, they discovered a mechanic who specialized in tuk-tuks and managed to fix it.The pair were back on the road and aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to t

4、ackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes.Nick and Richard uncovered some inspirat

5、ional projects across Africa, Asia and South America. They witnessed firsthand the educational challenges facing these areas today. They joined street children in the slums of Cairo, Khartoum, Kampala, Mumbai and Phnom Penh. They visited Congolese refugees (难民) in camps in Eastern Burundi. They witn

6、essed how education could free sex-workers in Delhi and victims of human trafficking in Nepal.The pair established the Tuk-Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity.Talking about their motivation, Richard said, “The worlds leaders have made a commitment to achieving universal primary educatio

7、n but in spite of this pledge (承诺), over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, though still cannot access quality learning opportunities.”1Why did the two teachers travel the world?ATo support an education project.BTo create a new world record.C

8、To entertain themselves.DTo challenge themselves.2How far did the two teachers pull the tuk-tuk each day on average?AA little more than 23 kilometers.BAbout 14 miles.C43 miles.D70 kilometers.3What is the third paragraph mainly about?AHow they realized their next goal.BTheir exciting experience on th

9、e road.CThe beautiful scenery of famous mountains.DThe difficulties and dangers they faced in the journey.4Which of the following best describes the two teachers?ACurious and brave.BHumorous and generous.CCourageous and responsible.DEfficient and honest.（2023春贵州铜仁高一贵州省铜仁第一中学校考期中）Arthur Lih of Massap

10、equa sold his first LifeVac, a device to help save peoples life, to a fire department about 18 months ago, when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices. Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lihs invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats

11、 of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) dont work. He has sold about 5,000 LifeVac devices in the United States and abroad since the device went on the market in August 2014.The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lihs clients. It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to

12、 put on trucks, as well as in chiefs vehicles, said Ray Maguire, the departments executive director. “Its an extra tool in the toolbox,” Maguire said. “Id be surprised if anyone who sees it doesnt purchase it. Its that tool you may only need once, but its the tool you really want in case you need it

13、. Its affordable. I have it in my car. I have one at home, too.”Dr. Lee Smith at Northwell Health said that if a choking victim cant breathe, he or she becomes a candidate for the Heimlich. If the Heimlich doesnt work, the victim would probably lose consciousness because of a lack of oxygen.A challe

14、nge for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe. In tests, the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times, according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergen

15、cy Medicine.Lih invented the product in his garage, inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friends mother was going through tests. The friend said the last time he was there, a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape.5Whats the function of the LifeVac device?ATo put out

16、 the fire.BTo remove foreign objects.CTo design procedures.DTo treat victims throats.6What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the invention?AIts target users.BIts practical necessity.CIts major advantages.DIts reasonable price7What inspired Lih to invent the product?AA kids death.BHis clients sug

17、gestion.CA garage accident.DMaterial rewards.8What is the text mainly about?AA productive inventor.BA convincing cure.CAn anti-choking device.DAn important toolbox.（2023春江苏南京高一校考期中）What would happen today, if there was an accident at your workplace? Would employees know what to do? Would the injured

18、 person get the best possible care?When an accident happens, a first-aid programme that meets the requirements of the law and is made to the type and size of the workplace can really make a difference between life and death, or between recovery and lasting disablement (伤残).Employers should make sure

19、 that all employees know where emergency information is posted at the workplace. The emergency notice should show the phone numbers of the closest ambulance service, rescue unit, fire police station, and hospital. The amount of time it takes to look up one of these important numbers can make a big d

20、ifference to a seriously injured person. The place of first-aid equipment and rescue equipment should also be posted.All workplaces should have a person with first-aid or medical training in case of an emergency. First-aid equipment and supplies, including a variety of dressings and instruments, as

21、well as an up-to-date first-aid book, should be stored where they can be reached quickly and easily in case of an accident. These supplies should be inspected frequently, making sure they are kept in sanitary (卫生的) and usable conditions and re-stored after use. Larger workplaces may need more than o

22、ne fully-equipped first-aid bag.In lonely workplaces, emergency supplies and an action plan are especially important. At least one person trained in first aid should always be on-site (在现场的). If first aid is not given properly, it can sometimes hurt rather than help an injured person, or even be har

23、mful to the person giving first aid.All workers should know who is trained to give first aid on-site, where first-aid equipment is put, and what medical professionals or medical instruments should be found if a medical emergency happens.9What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?AThe importance of a proper f

24、irst-aid programme at the workplace.BThe possibility to make a first-aid programme.CThe requirements of the law about a first-aid programme.DDifference between the type and size of the workplace.10What should you do for a seriously injured person?AReport the present conditions to the employers.BGive

25、 first aid to him right away all by yourself.CLook up and call the emergency telephone numbers quickly.DRun to the rescue centre to get first-aid equipment.11Why are first-aid equipment and supplies stored in workplaces?ATo be reached quickly and used to rescue in time.BTo meet the requirements of t

26、he government.CTo deal with the inspection of higher departments.DTo make a medical training for the employees.12According to the text, what are all workers required to do?ABe responsible for the result of the injured person.BKnow the exact place of first-aid equipment.CBe trained to give first aid

27、to the injured in an accident.DBe far away from the accident place.（2023春四川眉山高一仁寿一中校考开学考试）What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid(急救) if the wound is serious.Broken

28、 bones(骨头) : Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Dont move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.Animal bites(咬伤) : Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a band

29、age(绷带) and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.Fainting(昏厥) : Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Dont move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.Make sure

30、he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the persons face with a cool cloth.Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted(倾斜) forward a little. Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch(捏) the lower part of th

31、e nose for at least 10 minutes.13What should we do first when an animal bite happens?APut an ice pack on the wound.BWash the bite area with soap and water.CTry to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.DTake the hurt person to the hospital.14When dealing with the problems of _, we shouldnt move the hu

32、rt.Abroken bones and animal bitesBanimal bites and nosebleedsCbroken bones and faintingDfainting and nosebleeds15Which of the following is Not Right when a boys nose bleeds?ALet his head not tilt back.BLet his head tilt forward a little.CLet him sit up.DPinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.16What

33、s the main idea of the passage?AFirst aid for some accidental wounds.BSteps of looking for medical care.CAdvice on ways not to get hurt.DWays to ask for help in getting hurt.（2023春安徽合肥高一校考期中）About 600,000 people die of heart attacks at home each year. And the survival rate (存活率) of out-of-hospital h

34、eart attacks is much lower than those that happen at the in-hospital setting.Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving

35、skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.High school students in the Boston area who joined in the Pumpstart program completed pre-/post surveys. The pre-surveys were carried out before they watched a 60-minute train

36、ing session (培训课程) on hands-only CPR. And the post surveys were done after the training session. Medical students also completed surveys judging their comfort in learning CPR both before and after they took part in the program. The high school students reported huge improvements in CPR skills follow

37、ing their training from Pumpstart. And it was reported that the medical students had higher confidence levels regarding their abilities to answer questions about CPR and helping new medical students to better understand the training sessions after they joined in Pumpstart.“Getting the general public

38、 to feel comfortable performing CPR is important to overall improved survival from heart attacks,” explained Anita Knopov, a fourth-year medical student at BUSM. “Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical st

39、udents to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). Thats what Pumpstart does.”Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public h

40、ealth influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival. “Although Pumpstart is offered only in Boston, we hope that our work may stimulate the development of similar programs in other areas. And in that case we can use lots

41、 of new Pumpstarts in other regions.”17What is the main purpose of Pumpstart?ATo change peoples lifestyle.BTo train students to be healthyCTo improve CPR skills of the public.DTo provide medical care for communities.18What does Paragraph 4 imply?APumpstart improves students self-confidenceBPumpstart

42、 performs CPR for people independently.CPumpstart obviously reduces the risk of heart attacksDPumpstart encourages students to work in the healthcare field19What does Anita Knopov think of the program?APretty useful.BWidely popularCPartly confusing.DFairly interesting20What does the underlined word

43、“stimulate” in the last paragraph mean?ACheckBPreventCEncourageDSlow（2022高一课时练习）In the fall of 1915, polar explorer Ernest Shackletons ship Endurance (耐力号) sank off the coast of Antarctica. While all of the expeditions 28 crew eventually were rescued, the ships final resting place has remained a muc

44、h-discussed maritime mystery. That is, until today. A team of researchers has announced theyve located the wreck at the bottom of the Weddell Sea, almost the northernmost part of Antarctica.Endurance was backed by the British government and private donors and supported by Winston Churchill to delive

45、r a group of explorers to the coast of Antarctica and then travel overland across the continent via the South Pole.It set out from South Georgia on December 5, 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War. But the enemy that Shackleton and his men faced was of a different sort. The Weddel

46、l Sea, covering an area of more than a million square miles, is one of the most remote and unforgiving environments in the world, littered with icebergs and roiled by strong surface winds. Shackleton called it “the worst sea in the world.”The expedition made good progress at first, but as the Antarc

47、tic winter of 1915 closed in, the men found themselves trapped in the sea ice on Tuesday, October 26. The next day, the men removed tools, instruments, and provisions and set up camp on the ice floe. Endurance finally sank on November 27. Shackleton famously said, “What the ice gets, the ice keeps.”

48、 . But Endurances story did not end with the ships sinking.In 2019, the Falklands Heritage Maritime Trust began its first expedition to find the ship but had been unable to locate the wreck. This winter, they tried again, organizing and funding Endurance22.One of the toughest problems, besides the s

49、ea ice, was establishing the ships location. After Endurance was initially trapped in the ice, it continued to drift as the floes moved with the current. Due to poor visibility on the day the men abandoned the ship, however, the captain had been unable to take proper measurements that would help cal

50、culate the direction and speed of the floes.21Which can show the positions of Weddell Sea and Antarctica?ABCD22Which of the following statements is TRUE?AEndurance hasnt been found since the fall of 1915.BEndurance was only supported by Winston Churchill.CErnest Shackleton died and sank off the coas

51、t of Antarctica in the fall of 1915.DErnest Shackletons goal was to travel across the Antarctica via the South Pole.23What is the fundamental cause of the disaster according to the passage?AThe sea ice.BThe Antarctic winter.CThe things they carried.DThe captains unreasonable command.24What does the

52、last paragraph mainly talk about?AThe way how to establish the ships location.BThe reason why locating the ship is difficult.CThe measurements that the captain took to locate the ship.DThe time when Endurance22 was organized and funded.（2023全国高一专题练习）When You Get a Cut Your skins most important job i

53、s to keep out the billions of harmful bacteria that swarm over every surface. Any wound that penetrates the dermis (真皮) layer and causes bleeding will allow bacteria to get in, so we have evolved a precisely coordinated mechanism to seal up the gap as quickly as possible. The healing process uses ex

54、tra collagen (胶原) protein for the repair, so the new skin is actually stronger than before. This shows as a visible scar. 1. HAEMOSTASIS (止血)When the skin is cut, blood vessels contract and platelets (血小板) release fibrin proteins (纤维蛋白) that tangle together to form a clot (血凝块) and seal the wound.2.

55、 INFLAMMATIONNext, the blood vessels expand again to allow white blood cells to flock to the wound site. These attack any bacteria that got past the clot.3. PROLIFERATIONAfter a few days, fibroblast cells (成纤维细胞) arrive and produce collagen. This protein acts like a scaffold (脚手架), while the dermis

56、cells reproduce to close up the wound.1. KEEP IT CLEAN2. Wash the open cut to prevent bacteria getting trapped inside. Dont use disinfectant (消毒剂) because this will kill your own cells that are trying to repair the wound.3. SEAL IT4. A plaster keeps dirt out and helps the clot form. If the wound is

57、still bleeding after 10 minutes with a plaster on, you may need stitches (缝针).3. SCARRING4. The skin continually rebuilds the collagen matrix (基质) for up to a year after the cut. This scar tissue will fade slightly for another year after that.25A clot is formed by _.Acollagen proteinBdermis cellsCfi

58、brin proteinsDblood vessels26In what order do the following get involved in the healing process of a cut? a. clotb. collagenc. white cellsd. plateletse. dermis cellsAbdaceBdacebCdacbeDbedac27Which of the following is true according to the article?ADisinfectant should be applied right after the cut.B

59、White blood cells will reproduce to close up the wound.COnce a clot is formed, there are no bacteria inside.DStitches are needed when a plaster fails to stop the bleeding.（2023高一课时练习）If you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, youll have to figure out how to feed yourself. Many

60、 plants in the wild are edible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a

61、chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the hu

62、man body can go for days without food, and youre better off being hungry than being poisoned.Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mout

63、h. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and hold it

64、in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait 8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you

65、eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.28Whats the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?ASuitable for using as food.BWidely spread.CExisting in large quantities.DNot widely known.29What can we know from paragraph 2?APlanni

66、ng is unnecessary when using the method.BNot all plants in the wild can serve as food generally.CSuffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants.DFollowing the method perfectly can ensure safety.30Which is the correct order of testing plants in the mouth? wait and see chew it in the mouth

67、 put it on the tongue put it against lips swallow itABCD31Where might the passage come from?AA students diary.BA science report.CA guide book for camping.DA doctor s notebook.参考答案：1A 2B 3D 4C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位英国老师为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目，历经千辛万苦环游世界的故事。1细节理解题。根据第一段中“They did this to support grassroot

68、s education project in Africa,Asia and South America.(他们这样做是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美的基层教育项目)”可知，他们环游世界是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目。故选A项。2细节理解题。根据第一段中“after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles(他们把他们的故障车辆拖走了43英里)”和第二段中“The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms,was pulled in turns by Richard and Nick over three days

69、.(这辆重达800公斤的嘟嘟车由理查德和尼克轮流拉了三天)”可知，拖了43英里，用了3天，所以每天平均14英里。故选B项。3主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The pair were back on the road and aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia.

70、 The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes.(两人重新上路，朝着下一个目标进发。在旅途中，他们不得不穿越沙漠和丛林。他们还在乌干达和博茨瓦纳与大象亲密接触，以及在马来西亚的一次事故中幸存下来。突突车最大的困难是沿途的山脉，包括阿尔卑斯山脉、喜马拉雅山脉和安第斯山脉)”可知，在二人的旅途中，他们穿越沙漠和丛林、与大象亲密接触过、出了一次事故、还要穿越沿途的山脉。故此段主要讲述了他们

71、在旅途过程中所遇到的困难和危险。故选D项。4推理判断题。根据第一段“Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 37,500 kilometers around the world and passed through 37 countries. They did this to suppor

72、t grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America.(两名英国教师打破了驾驶突突车最长行程的世界纪录，他们把他们的故障车辆拖走了43英里。理查德西尔斯和尼克高夫在世界各地旅行了37500公里，途经37个国家。他们这样做是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美的基层教育项目)”可知，两位英国教师为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目，在将他们的故障车辆拖行43英里后，打破了在一辆三轮摩的上完成最长旅途的世界纪录。由此判断，他们是有责任感的；根据第三段中的内容，得知他们在旅途过程中所遇到的困难和危险，可知他们是非常勇敢的。故选C项。

73、5B 6B 7A 8C【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了马萨皮加的亚瑟李在听闻了海姆立克急救法无法解救一个被葡萄噎着的7岁的孩子，最终窒息而死的事件之后，在自家车库里发明了一套救生设备，能帮助从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物，他的这套设备有效且安全，已销售5000套。5细节理解题。根据第一段“Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac, a device to help save peoples life, to a fire department about 18 months ago, when the Jericho Fire Depa

74、rtment purchased 21 of the devices. Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lihs invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) dont work. (大约18个月前，马萨皮加的亚瑟李把他的第一台救生设备卖给了一个消防部门，当时杰里科消防部门

75、购买了21台这个救生设备。现在大约有10个长岛消防部门购买了李的发明，该发明旨在当海姆利克氏急救法等程序不起作用时，从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物。)”可知，李发明的 LifeVac是救生设备，用来取出窒息受害者的喉咙中的异物。故选B项。6主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lihs clients. It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks, as well as in chiefs vehicles, said Ray Maguire, the department

76、s executive director. Its an extra tool in the toolbox, Maguire said. Id be surprised if anyone who sees it doesnt purchase it. Its that tool you may only need once, but its the tool you really want in case you need it. Its affordable. I have it in my car. I have one at home, too. (自由港消防局是李的客户之一。该部门

77、的执行主任雷马奎尔说，他们购买了大约25台LifeVac设备，安装在卡车上，以及局长们的车辆上。这是工具箱里的一个额外工具，马奎尔说。如果看到它的人不购买它，我会感到惊讶。这种工具你可能只需要一次，但它是你真正想要的工具，以防你需要它。它是负担得起的。我车里就有。我家里也有一个。)”可知，借助于客户，宣传这个发明是一个非常实用的必需品，车上配一个，可做到有备无患。故选B项。7细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lih invented the product in his garage, inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while t

78、he friends mother was going through tests. The friend said the last time he was there, a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape. (李在他的车库里发明了这款产品，灵感出自于他和一个朋友去医院，当时朋友的母亲正在做检查。这位朋友说，上次他在那里的时候，一个7岁的孩子被一颗葡萄噎死。)”可知，这个孩子被葡萄噎着了，但是去了医院也没被救回来，说明海姆立克急救法没奏效，这个孩子的死亡促成Lih发明这个救生设备。故选A项。8主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“

79、Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lihs invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) dont work. (现在大约有10个长岛消防部门购买了李的发明，该发明旨在当海姆利克氏急救法等程序不起作用时，从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物。)”，以及第四段“A challenge

80、for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe. In tests, the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times, according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergency M

81、edicine. (任何新型医疗设备都面临着一个挑战，那就是让潜在用户相信它是有效和安全的。根据美国急诊医学杂志8月份发表的一篇研究文章，在测试中，LifeVac在50次尝试中有49次成功地从死人的喉咙中移除了阻塞物。)”可知，本文介绍了Lih发明的可以防止喉咙处异物阻塞致死的一套设备。故选C项。9A 10C 11A 12B【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了在工作场所也应该配备急救设备，药物，能施救的人员等，也说明了其重要性。9主旨大意题。根据第二段“When an accident happens, a first-aid programme that meets the requirement

82、s of the law and is made to the type and size of the workplace can really make a difference between life and death, or between recovery and lasting disablement (伤残). (当事故发生时，符合法律要求并针对工作场所的类型和规模制定的急救计划确实可以在生死之间，或在康复和永久残疾之间产生影响。)”可知，这一段主要介绍了适当的工作场所急救计划的重要性。故选A项。10细节理解题。根据第三段二三句“The emergency notice sh

83、ould show the phone numbers of the closest ambulance service, rescue unit, fire police station, and hospital. The amount of time it takes to look up one of these important numbers can make a big difference to a seriously injured person. (紧急通知应显示最近的救护车服务、救援单位、消防警察局和医院的电话号码。查找这些重要数字所需的时间对严重受伤的人来说会有很大的

84、影响。)”可知，对于受重伤的人而言，尽快拨打急救电话很有必要。故选C项。11细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“First-aid equipment and supplies, including a variety of dressings and instruments, as well as an up-to-date first-aid book, should be stored where they can be reached quickly and easily in case of an accident. (急救设备和用品，包括各种敷料和仪器，以及最新的急救手册，应存放在发生事

85、故时可以快速方便地到达的地方。)”可知，急救设备和用品，包括各种敷料和仪器，以及最新的急救手册在工作场所备好，是为了发生事故时，能够快速方便地拿到。故选A项。12细节理解题。根据最后一段“All workers should know who is trained to give first aid on-site, where first-aid equipment is put, and what medical professionals or medical instruments should be found if a medical emergency happens. (所有工

86、作人员都应该知道谁受过现场急救培训，急救设备放在哪里，如果发生医疗紧急情况，应该找到什么医疗专业人员或医疗器械。)”可知，作者认为所有工作人员都应该知道谁能够实施急救，急救设备放置位置，以及如果发生医疗紧急情况，应该找到什么医疗专业人员或医疗器械。故选B项。13B 14C 15D 16A【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍有人突然生病或受伤时的急救措施。13细节理解题。根据第三段中“Animal bites(咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water.(动物咬伤：用肥皂和水清洗咬伤部位)”可知，被动物咬伤时应先用肥皂和水清洗咬伤部位。故选B。14细节

87、理解题。根据第二段Broken bones(骨头)部分中“Dont move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.(在等待医生到来时，不要移动受伤的身体部位)”及第四段Fainting(昏厥)部分中“Dont move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.(如果你觉得身上可能有摔伤，就不要移动)”可知，在处理骨折和昏厥问题时不要移动身体受伤部位。故选C。15细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Pinch(捏) the lower part of

88、 the nose for at least 10 minutes.(捏住鼻子下部至少10分钟)”可知，流鼻血时要捏住鼻子下部至少10分钟，所以D项“捏住鼻子不要超过10分钟”不正确。故选D。16主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow.(如果我们的同学突然生病或受伤了，我们该怎么办？这里有一些你应该遵循的步骤)”可知，文章主要介绍有人突然生病或受伤时的急救措施。故选A。

89、17C 18D 19A 20C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Pumpstart的项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，提高心脏病患者的存活率。17细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school stud

90、ents a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.”（Pumpstart是波士顿大学医学院学生创建的一个项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，该项目向高中学生传授挽救生命的技能，经过多次调查，该项目也为医学生提供参加公共卫生和医学教育的机会。）可知，Pumpstart旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，由此可知，Pumpstart的主要目的是提高公众的心肺复苏

91、技能。故选C项。18推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the

92、healthcare field (医疗领域). Thats what Pumpstart does.”（利用城市医疗中心提供的教育资源，并为市中心的高中学生提供培训，使医学生既能成为社区内心脏复苏术的教育者，又能成为有经验的人，同时让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣。这就是Pumpstart所做的。）可知，Pumpstart希望让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣，由此可知，Pumpstart鼓励学生在医疗领域工作。故选D项。19推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and

93、can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival.”（Knopov认为Pumpstart可以作为其他组织的榜样，并且可以对公众健康产生长期影响，因为旁观者的心脏复苏仍然是提高医院外心脏病发作存活率的最有用因素之一。）可知，Knopov认为Pumpstart可以对公众健康产生长期影响，有助于提高医院外心脏病发作患者的

94、存活率，由此可知，Anita Knopov认为这个项目非常有用。故选A项。20词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“And in that case we can use lots of new Pumpstarts in other regions.”（在这种情况下，我们可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。）可知，“我们”希望可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”，由此可知，我们希望我们的工作能够激励其他领域类似项目的发展，这样就可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。由此可知划线词意为“激励”，与encourage同义。故选C项。21D 22D 23B 24

95、B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍1915年沉没的极地探险船“耐力号”在南极洲最北端的威德尔海底被发现。21细节理解题。根据第一段“A team of researchers has announced theyve located the wreck at the bottom of the Weddell Sea, almost the northernmost part of Antarctica. ( 一组研究人员宣布，他们已经在南极洲最北端的威德尔海底找到了这艘沉船。) ”由此可知，威德尔海位于南极洲的最北端，故选D。22细节理解题。 根据第一段“In the fall of

96、 1915, polar explorer Ernest Shackletons ship Endurance (耐力号) sank off the coast of Antarctica. While all of the expeditions 28 crew eventually were rescued That is, until today. A team of researchers has announced theyve located the wreck at the bottom of the Weddell Sea, almost the northernmost pa

97、rt of Antarctica. ( 1915年秋天，极地探险家欧内斯特沙克尔顿的“耐力号”船在南极洲海岸沉没。虽然探险队的28名船员最终都获救了直到今天。一组研究人员宣布，他们已经在南极洲最北端的威德尔海底找到了这艘沉船。) ”以及第四段“The expedition made good progress at first, but as the Antarctic winter of 1915 closed in, the men found themselves trapped in the sea ice on Tuesday, October 26. The next day, t

98、he men removed tools, instruments, and provisions and set up camp on the ice floe. Endurance finally sank on November 27. (探险队一开始进展不错，但随着1915年南极冬季的临近，他们发现自己在10月26日(周二)被困在了海冰中。第二天，他们搬走了工具、仪器和给养，在浮冰上扎营。“耐力号”最终于11月27日沉没。)可知A选项和C选项错误；根据第二段“Endurance was backed by the British government and private donor

99、s and supported by Winston Churchill to deliver a group of explorers to the coast of Antarctica and then travel overland across the continent via the South Pole.(耐力号得到了英国政府和私人捐助者的支持，并得到了温斯顿丘吉尔(Winston Churchill)的支持，他们将一队探险者送到了南极洲海岸，然后通过南极点穿越大陆。)”所以B选项错误；D选项正确，故选D。23推理判断题。根据第四段“The expedition made go

100、od progress at first, but as the Antarctic winter of 1915 closed in, the men found themselves trapped in the sea ice on Tuesday, October 26. The next day, the men removed tools, instruments, and provisions and set up camp on the ice floe. Endurance finally sank on November 27. (探险队一开始进展不错，但随着1915年南极

101、冬季的临近，他们发现自己在10月26日(周二)被困在了海冰中。第二天，他们搬走了工具、仪器和给养，在浮冰上扎营。“耐力号”最终于11月27日沉没。)”由此可推断这场灾难的最根本原因是南极的冬天，故选B。24主旨大意题。根据最后一段“One of the toughest problems, besides the sea ice, was establishing the ships location. After Endurance was initially trapped in the ice, it continued to drift as the floes moved with

102、the current. Due to poor visibility on the day the men abandoned the ship, however, the captain had been unable to take proper measurements that would help calculate the direction and speed of the floes. (除了海冰之外，最棘手的问题之一就是确定船只的位置。“耐力号”最初被困在冰中，随着浮冰随水流移动，它继续漂流。然而，由于船员弃船的那天能见度很低，船长一直无法进行适当的测量，以帮助计算浮冰的方

103、向和速度。)”可知本段主要介绍确定船的位置困难的原因，故选B。25C 26C 27D【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了皮肤被割破，处理伤口时的各环节注意事项。25细节理解题。根据SMALL CUT中1. HAEMOSTASIS (止血)，“1. HAEMOSTASIS (止血): When the skin is cut, blood vessels contract and platelets (血小板) release fibrin proteins (纤维蛋白) that tangle together to form a clot (血凝块) and seal the wound.(

104、当皮肤被割破，血管会收缩，血小板会释放出纤维蛋白，这些纤维蛋白会缠在一起形成血块并封闭伤口。)”可知，血凝块由纤维蛋白组成。故选C项。26细节理解题。按照图表顺序“1. HAEMOSTASIS (止血)：When the skin is cut, blood vessels contract and platelets (血小板) release fibrin proteins (纤维蛋白) that tangle together to form a clot (血凝块) and seal the wound.(止血：当皮肤被割破时，血管会收缩，血小板会释放出纤维蛋白，这些纤维蛋白会缠在一起

105、形成血块并封闭伤口。)”，此处提及d.“血小板（platelets）”，帮助形成血凝块a.“血凝块(clot)” ；“2. INFLAMMATION：Next, the blood vessels expand again to allow white blood cells to flock to the wound site. These attack any bacteria that got past the clot.(炎症：接下来，血管再次扩张，让白细胞聚集到伤口处。它们攻击任何通过血块的细菌。)”，此处提及 c.“白血细胞(white blood cells)”；“3. PROL

106、IFERATION：After a few days, fibroblast cells (成纤维细胞) arrive and produce collagen. This protein acts like a scaffold (脚手架), while the dermis cells reproduce to close up the wound.(扩散：几天后，成纤维细胞到达并产生胶原蛋白。这种蛋白质就像一个脚手架，而真皮细胞繁殖以闭合伤口。)”此处涉及b.“胶原蛋白(collagen)”，以及e.“真皮细胞(dermis cells)”，故伤口愈合的顺序为dacbe。故选C项。27细

107、节理解题。根据2. SEAL ITA的第二句“If the wound is still bleeding after 10 minutes with a plaster on, you may need stitches (缝针)(如果贴了创可贴10分钟后伤口还在流血，你可能需要缝针)”可知，创口贴无法止血的话，就需要缝针。故选D项。28A 29B 30D 31C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当我们被困野外没有食物时，如何判定哪些野外植物是可食用的。28词义猜测题。画线词所在句意为：野外许多植物是_。根据画线词后句but many are also poisonous可知，但是很多植物是

108、有毒的，由此可推断出，前文提到的植物应该与后文相反，也就是无毒的。再根据后文So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.可知，我们需要学习如何确定你找的食物是否可以安全食用，画线词所代表的是与有毒的相反的，也就是可以食用的。Suitable for using as food意为“适合食用”，符合语境。故选A项。29推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these

109、 guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill.”可知，在野外，有些植物是致命的，即使你完美地遵循了这些指导原则，植物也总是有可能会使你患上重病。由此可推断出，并不是所有野生植物都可以作为食物，因为在野外，有些植物是致命的，是不可食用的。故选B项。30细节理解题。本题需要我们判断出在嘴里测试植物的正确顺序是什么。根据最后一段内容可知，第一步First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against y

110、our lip for 3 minutes.把一小部分准备好的植物靠近嘴唇3分钟，看是否有刺痛感，与 put it against lips表述一致；第二步Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue.把植物的另外一小部分放在舌头上15分钟，看是否有不良反应，与 put it on the tongue表述一致；第三步Third, chew the plant and hold it in your mouth for 15 minutes咀嚼食物并在嘴里保留15分钟，看是否有不良反应，与 chew i

111、t in the mouth表述一致；第四步Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant.吞下植物的一小部分，与 swallow it表述一致；第五步Wait 8 hours.等8小时看是否有不良反应，与 wait and see表述一致。故正确的顺序为。故选D项。31推理判断题。结合文章内容及文章第一段关键句If you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, youll have to figure out how to feed yourself.可知，文章主要讲的是当你被困野外没有食物时，如何判定哪些野外植物是可食用的。被困野外的情况一般发生在野营或野外旅行时，A guide book for camping意为“野营指导手册”，上面教授的就是野外生活的技巧，符合文章出处。故选C项。