Unit3PeriodTwo.docx

1、Period TwoWord power & Grammar and usage.重点单词1profession n职业，行业2breakthrough n突破3original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的origin n起源，起因；出身4judgement n判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决judge v判断，评价；n.裁判.重点短语1turn out结果证明2put.in place准备就绪；把放回原处3be similar to与相似4figure out弄明白；算出5be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮.重点句式1表示地点的介词短语位于句首的倒装At the t

2、op of the school is the headmaster，known as the brain.高居学校顶部的就是校长，就是众所周知的中枢人物。2always与进行时连用He is always working in his lab，trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.他总在实验室里工作，尽其所能弄明白所有让他感到困惑的神秘事件。重点词汇1In my opinion，tight laws should be put in place to make cloning human beings ill

3、egal.在我看来，应当实施严格的法律，使得克隆人类是非法的。put.in place准备就绪，布置妥当；把放回原处in place在适当的位置out of place不在恰当的位置，不合时宜take the place of代替；取代(1)After you read the book，please put it in place.书看完之后请你把它放回原处。(2)It was out of place for you to laugh at that time.你在那个时候笑是不合时宜的。(3)Here is a book to take the place of the one I lo

4、st.这儿有本书可替代我丢失的那一本。单项填空(4)Injured in hand，the man found it difficult to hold the box in place.Athe；/ Bthe；theC/；/ Dhis；the答案A解析injure/hurt/beat/hit等词后跟sb.作宾语，表示某部位时加定冠词the；in place在适当的位置，准备就绪。2He told me he had had a breakthrough.他告诉我他取得了一个突破。(1)breakthrough n(知识或技术领域的)突破，重大进展have/make/achieve a bre

5、akthrough取得突破(2)break through突破(1)To our joy，there are so many breakthroughs in science and technology all over the world in recent years.使我们高兴的是，最近几年全世界在科学和技术方面有那么多的突破。(2)He has made/had/achieved a breakthrough in physics.他在物理方面取得了突破。单项填空(3)Scientists hope to soon in their fight against heart disea

6、se.Abreak up Bbreak outCbreak through Dbreak in答案C解析句意为：科学家们希望能尽快在治疗心脏病方面有所突破。break up分解，破裂；break out爆发，发生；break through突破；break in闯入，打断。3I think we should be cautious and use good judgement when making decisions about cloning.当我们做有关克隆的决定时，我认为我们应该慎重，并运用良好的判断力。(1)judgement n判断力；见识；看法，意见；判决，裁决in ones

7、judgement在某人看来make a judgement作出判断(2)judging from/by从看来，由判断(1)In my judgement，he is a very good football player.依我看，他是一个非常优秀的足球运动员。(2)He refused to make a judgement about the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。单项填空(3) the happy look on her face when she received the call，it must be good news.AJudged from BJudging

8、 fromCTo judge from DJudge from答案B解析judging from根据来判断，是一种固定的表达方式。句意为：从她接电话时高兴的表情可以判断出一定有好消息。4Im totally burnt out.我完全累垮了。be/get burnt out筋疲力尽，累垮burn out耗尽体力，累垮；燃尽，烧光burn down烧毁burn away烧光，烧掉(1)He let the fire burn itself out.他让火自己熄灭。(2)That house was struck by lightning and burnt down.那座房子被闪电击中烧毁了。单

9、项填空(3)Lucy was completely after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon；she had little energy left.Akicked out Bburnt outChanded out Dput out答案B解析句意为：露西在骄阳下跑了一下午之后累极了，几乎没力气了。be burnt out耗尽体力，累垮。经典句式He is always working in his lab，trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.他总在实验室里工作，尽其

10、所能弄明白所有让他感到困惑的神秘事件。当always与进行时态连用时，表示反复发生的动作，有一定的感情色彩，如不满、抱怨、厌恶、赞赏等。类似用法的词还有often，constantly，forever，all the time等。(1)The boy is always crying.那男孩总哭。(2)He is always helping others.他常常帮助别人。单项填空(3)I didnt like Aunt Lucy，who without warning and bringing us presents.Aalways turned upBhas always turned u

11、pCwas always turning upDwas always turned up答案C解析always与现在(过去)进行时连用，表示某种反复发生的动作，往往带有厌恶、不满、责备或赞扬等意味。.词形变换1He became a professional(profession) athlete at the age of 16.2I cant make that decision for you；you will have to use your judgement(judge)3One of the powerful(power) actions the government has t

12、aken is to knock down the illegal(legal) buildings to restore the beauty of the city.4If you are asked uncomfortable(comfort) questions，theres always a polite way of refusing to answer.5The original(origin) settlers are the Indians.完成句子6She is always showing off(总是炫耀) her knowledge in front of her c

13、lassmates.7Just in front of our house stands a tall tree(站着一棵高大的树) with a history of 1,000 years.8My job is to teach English/teaching English(教英语)9In my judgement/opinion(依我看)，all of them are to blame.10Judging from/by what he said(从他的话判断)，he was very disappointed.单项填空11So absorbed in his work that

14、not a sound .(2019徐州高二期中)Awas the president；did she dare to makeBwas the president；dared she to make Cthe president was；she dared make Dthe president was；she did dare to make答案A解析句意为：总统正全神贯注于他的工作，以至于她一点声音都不敢发出来。第一空是因为so.that.句型中soadj./adv.放在句首，用部分倒装；第二空是否定词或者半否定词放在句首，后面使用部分倒装。故A项正确。12The two Chinese

15、 scientists have made a great discovery，which makes a major in the basic research in the field.(2019泰州中学高二月考)Areform BapproachCboundary Dbreakthrough答案D 解析reform改革；approach方式，方法；boundary边界；breakthrough突破。句意为：这两位中国科学家做出的重大发现使得这个领域的基础研究取得了重大突破。故选D。 13Written in a hurry， .How can it be satisfactory？(20

16、19无锡江阴四校高二期中)Athey found many mistakes in the reportBSam made lots of mistakes in the reportCthere are many mistakes in the reportDthe report is full of mistakes答案D解析written in a hurry是过去分词短语作原因状语，write与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词形式，主语为the report，所以选D。14No judgement about the case until all the evidences h

17、ave been carefully checked.Awill be made Bis madeCis being made Dhas been made答案A 解析句意为：直到所有的证据都被仔细的检查后才能对这个案子做出判断。until引导的时间状语从句用了现在完成时，所以主句用一般将来时，而且judgement和make是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知选A。15The poor woman had not slept all night and was completely .Aburnt out Breached outCwatched out Dturned out答

18、案A解析burn out筋疲力尽；reach out伸出手；watch out 当心；turn out结果是。句意为：那个可怜的女人一个晚上都没有睡好，完全筋疲力尽了。故选A。用所给动词的正确形式填空1.if I had the chance，I would have a cloned(clone) baby right now.2I think the scientific advances mentioned(mention) in your article are interesting.3Shocked(shock) by the article，the woman wrote a l

19、etter to the newspaper.4After the accident，they found the front windows broken(break)5When the cat found all fish gone，it felt surprised(surprise)过去分词所表示的是一个被动的或者是已完成的动作，相当于一个形容词或副词。过去分词在句中可以充当定语、表语、状语或补足语。一、过去分词的语法功能1过去分词作定语单个分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前；分词短语作定语时，则要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于定语从句。Mum threw away that brok

20、en cup.妈妈扔掉了那只破碎的杯子。(broken相当于一个形容词，作前置定语)The boy named Tom will come here tomorrow.叫汤姆的那个男孩明天就要来了。(named Tom是分词短语作后置定语相当于定语从句who is named Tom)2过去分词作表语过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态，即主语是动作的承受者。My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.我爷爷听说我通过了考试很高兴。We are moved by the story.我们被这故事感动了。3过去分词作状语过去分词作状

21、语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其省略的主语(也称逻辑主语)与主句的主语一致；既可以表示动作，也可以表示状态，并且，多数情况下与副词连用。(1)表时间Questioned about the murder，he came tense.(When he was questioned.)当被问到谋杀的事情时，他很紧张。(2)表让步Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.(Although they were beaten by.)

22、虽然被对方打败了，但队员们没有泄气，而是更努力地训练。(3)表条件If bitten by a snake，you should ask for help and dont walk.(If you are bitten by a snake.)如果被蛇咬了，你应该呼救，并且不要动。(4)表原因Deeply moved，the villagers contributed their quilts to the army.(As they were deeply moved.)由于被深深地感动了，村民们纷纷向军队捐献被褥。(5)表方式或伴随She walked out of the house，

23、followed by her little daughter.她走出了屋子，后面跟着她的小女儿。(6)表结果I finally reached the finishing line bitterly exhausted.我终于跑到了终点，疲惫不堪。4过去分词作宾语补足语If you want to make yourself respected，you are above all to respect others.如果你想让自己被尊重，你首先要尊重别人。The boy found himself lost in the forest.那个男孩发现自己在森林里迷路了。注意：由主动语态变为被动

24、语态后原来的宾语补足语即成为主语补足语。The boy was found lost and couldnt find his way back.有人发现那个男孩迷路了并且找不到回去的路。5过去分词可以跟在lie，stand，sit后面表示状态。He lay shut in the room for two whole days.他被关在那个房间躺了两整天。二、过去分词与现在分词的区别句法作用现在分词过去分词表语特征The news is encouraging.(主语具有鼓舞人的特点)状态Everybody is encouraged.(主语受到鼓舞)定语特征I saw an excitin

25、g film.(电影使人感到激动)状态I saw the excited girl.(女孩感到激动)主动We respect working people.(people是work的执行者)被动We pitied the beaten boy.(boy是beat的承受者)进行It is a developing country.(develop的动作正在进行)完成It is a developed country.(develop的动作已经完成)宾补特征I think the news shocking.(news让人震惊)状态I found them all shocked.(他们感到震惊)

26、主动He heard someone crying.(someone是cry的执行者)被动We saw the driver punished.(司机是punish的承受者)进行I watched her reading it.(read的动作正在进行)完成I found the door closed.(close的动作已经完成)状语主动Seeing me rise，he rose，too.(he是see的执行者)被动Beaten，he felt disappointed.(he是beat的承受者)进行Carrying a box，he came into the room.(carry的动

27、作正在进行)完成Criticized unfairly，she left the office without saying a word.(criticize的动作已经完成)1Jim has retired，but he still remember the happy time with his students.(2019北京，32)Ato spend BspendCspending Dspent答案D解析句意为：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。逻辑主语time和spend之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。2In art criticism，you must

28、 assume the artist has a secret message within the work.(2019江苏，28)Ato hide BhiddenChiding Dbeing hidden答案B解析句意为：在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家藏了一个秘密信息在作品中。句中message与hide是被动关系，故要用过去分词作后置定语。3 in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2019重庆，6)ABeing raised BRaisingCRaised DT

29、o raise答案C解析句意为：生长在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区，他成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。raise与句子的主语he是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此排除B、D两项；A项是现在分词的被动式，表示正在发生，故排除A项。4Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.(2019陕西，18)Ataking BtakenCtake Dbe taken答案B解析句意为：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很

30、好他很高兴。此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间是主动关系，且强调动作发生的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，故选B项。5Video games can be a poor influence if in the wrong hands.(2019湖南，24)Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft答案D解析句意为：如果落在不

31、合适的人的手中，电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。主语video games与leave之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left.是“连词过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。6The manager was satisfied to see many new products after great effort.(2019四川，5)Ahaving developed Bto developCdeveloped Ddevelop答案C解析此题考查的是非谓语动词作感官动词see的宾语补足语。develop与宾语products为动宾关系，故使用过去分词作宾补。句意为：在做出巨大努力之后，看到很多新产

32、品被研发出来，经理很满意。7Clearly and thoughtfully ，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.(2019天津，7)Awriting Bto writeCwritten Dbeing written答案C解析句意为：这本书写作思路清晰且富有思想，在那些希望寻求自己答案的学生中激发了信心。write与其逻辑主语the book存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。8The producer comes regularly to collect the cam

33、eras to our shop for quality problems.(2019重庆，5)Areturning BreturnedCto return Dto be returned答案B解析句意为：厂商定期回收因质量问题而被退回到我们店里的相机。camera与return之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成的动作。故选B项。.用所给动词的正确形式填空1He is now talking with his mother，trying(try) to persuade her to allow him to go out.2My sister is now working

34、 in an international corporation，known(know) as 3M.3The old man lay trapped(trap) under the building ruins for quite a long time.4With great efforts focused(focus) on the conservation project，the number of some rare animals is steadily increasing.5Yesterday a retired(retire) scientist gave us a lect

35、ure，who is now in his seventies.单项填空6 throughout the countryside and remote areas，satellite dishes make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities.(2019徐州一中高二期中)ASeen distributingBSeen to be distributedCSeen distributedDHaving seen distributed答案C解析句意为：遍布乡村和偏远地区的卫星天线使远离城市的人们可以收看电视。前后主语相同，主

36、语satellite dishes和动词“看”是被动关系，要用过去分词。此处也考查了“see宾语宾补”结构，distribute“分布”，与主语是被动关系，用过去分词。综上，C选项正确。7Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car .Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash答案A解析此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。8Children，when by their

37、 parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.Ato be accompanied Bto accompanyCaccompanying Daccompanied答案D解析句意为：孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。因为children和accompany之间是被动关系，所以应该使用过去分词accompanied。此处是状语从句的省略。当主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，本题中的从句还原后是when they are accompanied by their parents。9Trump Tower，

38、as the headquarters for The Trump Organization，is a 58-story skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan.Aserving；located Bserved；locatedCserved；locating Dserving；locating答案A解析句意为：川普大楼，作为川普集团总部，是一栋位于曼哈顿市中心的58层摩天大楼。serve as与Trump Tower之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；located in为过去分词短语作后置定语。serve as担任，充当，起的作用；be located in位于，坐落于。1

39、0In this library，you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially for readers.(2019常熟高二期中)Apreparing Bto prepareCprepared Dprepare答案C解析句意为：在这个图书馆，你可以用你自己的电脑来连接给读者准备的无线网。prepare与Wi-Fi是被动关系，故用动词的过去分词作后置定语。.单项填空1 to give up smoking，he threw away his cigarettes.(2019泰州中学高二月考)ADetermined；remai

40、ned BDetermined；remainingCDetermining；remaining DDetermining；remained答案B解析句意为：下定决心要戒烟后他扔掉了剩下的烟。sb.be determined to do sth.表示“某人下定决心做某事”，故第一空填非谓语动词determined；remaining剩下的，remained常作后置定语，故选B。2She is a well-organized person and she always likes everything to be before she starts work.Ain store Bin plac

41、eCin doubt Din need答案B解析句意为：她是个有条理的人，喜欢在开始工作前把一切都准备好。in place在适当的位置，准备就绪。根据题意可知选B。3 the number of cars，he thought there were not many people at the club the moment he got there.AHe judged by BJudged fromCJudge by DJudging from答案D解析考查固定短语judging from/by.“从看来”。4The flowers his friend gave him will die

42、 unless every day.Awatered BwateringCwater Dto water答案A解析unless，if，when，though等引导状语从句时，如果主、从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有be动词时，常把从句的主语和be动词省略。此处应为unless they are watered的省略。因此A项正确。5While waiting for the opportunity to get ，Henry did his best to perform his duty.Apromote BpromotedCpromoting Dto promote答案B解析句意为：当等待

43、机会升职的时候，Henry尽最大努力履行职责。这里使用了get done结构，表示被动关系，故选B。6No matter how frequently ，the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.Aperformed BperformingCto be performed Dbeing performed答案A解析在让步、时间等状语从句中，如果主、从句主语一致，且从句谓语含be动词时，可将从句主语与be动词一起省略，即在how后省略they (the works) are，故选A。7A good story d

44、oes not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the readers must not be left Aunsatisfied BunsatisfyingCto be unsatisfying Dbeing unsatisfied答案A解析本题的设空处含有“leave宾语宾补”结构，分词和不定式都可作该结构的补语；但根据题意此处应为“使某人感到不满意的”，故应用过去分词形式的形容词unsatisfied作补语。8 by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more gr

45、eenhouses.ADriven BBeing drivenCTo drive DHaving driven答案A解析句子主语farmers与drive之间是被动关系，因此用driven表示被动。9Who won the election for mayor?A man to represent every minority group in the city.Aclaiming BclaimsCis claimed Dhaving claimed答案A解析句意为：谁赢得了市长选举？一个宣称代表这个城市每一个少数人群体(利益)的人。claim与主语之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语修饰a

46、 man。10The Olympic Games， in 776 BC，did not include women players until 1912.Afirst playing Bto be first playedCfirst played Dto be first playing答案C解析根据题意可知，the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系，故答案为C项。它可还原成一个非限制性定语从句：which was first played in 776 BC。.阅读理解(2019南京淳辉高级中学高二月考)When people find out that I am a j

47、ournalist，they often ask me：What do you think about the future of newspapers?I tell them that I think the future of communications is moving online.People expect me to be fearful for the future of print.After all，in some peoples minds I wouldnt be able to build a career in journalism(新闻业) if it all

48、moves online.However，strangely enough，Im actually comforted by the fact that online journalism is becoming usual.I am a blogger who has always been able to find a home for my writing online.Since I began writing blogs，I have become aware of how many people you can reach with online writing.Compare t

49、his to the newspapers circulation base(发行基地)，and you will have a strong reason for online journalism.In her successful blog post titled The Job I Have Spent the Last Year Learning Is Not the One I Will Have，author Jenny Surane states，“Print is an expensive product to love.And general managers，publis

50、hers and editors must now figure out a profitable way to get their news into readers heads.” She goes on to state that people dont feel like picking up a newspaper now and would rather scroll(滚屏) through their Twitter feed，and get news from many different sources.If print is dying，then a new form of

51、 communicating information is being born.The need for information has not died.If anything，it has increased.What has died，rather，is the way in which information is presented.Now more than ever，in this age of information，there is a desire for stories on the same topic from different points of view.Th

52、e printing industry can keep pace with the need of providing a variety of sources，if it chooses to.Is the future of print grim？Maybe.But is the future of journalism of communicating information to people，grim as well？Definitely not.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了在互联网日益发达的今天，报纸的未来堪忧，但是新闻行业会不会也没有前途呢？11According to

53、 Paragraph 2，the author feels .Aconfident about the future of his careerBworried about the future of printCtired of being a newspaper journalistDembarrassed about online writing答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“However，strangely enough，Im actually comforted by the fact that online journalism is becoming usual.I

54、am a blogger who has always been able to find a home for my writing online.”可推断，作者对自己职业的未来充满信心。12What information is conveyed in Jennys blog post?ATwitter is not very popular.BIt is hard to manage online journalism.CPrint still has its own advantages.DPeople have more options to get information.答案D解

55、析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“.people dont feel like picking up a newspaper now.get news from many different sources.”可知，Jenny认为人们现在并不愿意购买报纸，他们希望通过许多不同的来源获取信息。13What does the underlined word “grim” in the last paragraph probably mean?APromising. BWorrying.CUnforgiving. DEncouraging.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据上文内容可知，人们购买报纸的意愿不

56、强，他们更喜欢通过网络来获取信息。由此可知，报纸的未来是令人担心的。.任务型阅读(2019扬州中学高二期中)When was the last time you read a book or a magazine article? Do your everyday reading habits centre around updates on the Internet? If you are one of the countless individuals who dont make a habit of reading regularly，you may be missing out：rea

57、ding has a noteworthy number of advantages and only a couple of advantages of reading are recorded below.Everything you read fills your head with new bits of information and you never know when it might be useful to you.The more knowledge you have，the better-equipped you are to overcome any challeng

58、e youll ever face.Additionally，heres a bit of food for thought：Should you ever find yourself in terrible circumstances，remember that although you might lose everything elseyour job，your possessions，your money，even your healthknowledge can never be taken from you.At the same time，the more you read，th

59、e more words you gain exposure to，and theyll surely make their way into your everyday vocabulary.Being able to express your ideas clearly in words is of great help in any profession and knowing that you can speak to higher-ranking people with self-confidence can be a great encouragement to your self

60、-esteem(自尊)It could even aid in your career as those who are well-read，well-spoken，and knowledgeable on a variety of topics tend to get promotions more quickly (and more often) than those with smaller vocabulary and lack of awareness of literature，scientific breakthroughs，and global events.Reading b

61、ooks is also vital for learning new languages，as non-native speakers gain exposure to words used in context，which will improve their own speaking and writing fluency.When you read a book，you have to remember a lot of characters，their backgrounds，ambitions，history as well as the various plots that we

62、ave their way through every story.Thats a fair bit to remember，but brains arewonderful things and can remember these things with relative ease.Amazingly enough，whenever you remember something new，new synapses are formed and existing ones are strengthened.How cool that is!No matter how much stress yo

63、u have at work，in your personal relationships，or countless other issues faced in daily life，it all just slips away when you lose yourself in a great story.A well-written novel can transport you to other realms(领域) while an interesting article will distract you and keep you in the present moment，lett

64、ing tensions drain away and allowing you to relax.Title：You Should Read Every DayKnowledge accumulation The more you read，the more adequately it 14.prepares/equips you for various troubles in life. Knowledge is what will stay with you 15.forever/permanently.Vocabulary expansionYou can enlarge your v

65、ocabulary by reading，which may favour you in your job and make you 16.proud/confident when you talk with your leaders. Your rich vocabulary means you are a great reader with rich knowledge，which offers you a big 17.advantage/edge over others in promotions. Words in context will help a foreign langua

66、ge learner use the language 18.fluently.19.Memory improvementYou will try to keep in mind the 20.contents of a book while reading and that is somewhat 21.easy/good for your brain. The more you try to remember，the 22.better you will be at remembering.Stress reductionAn interesting writing will transfer your attention to its plot so that you feel 23.relaxed and forget about your worries.