专题 复习 宾语从句 被动 语态学案（无答案）.docx

1、专题 复习-宾语从句&被动语态一、宾语从句请找出下面句子中的宾语从句，并且分析一下全句的结构。1. Linda wants to know where the nearest bank is.2. Do you know who planted the trees?3. She said that she would take care of the old.4. He didnt tell the teacher why he was late.5. Please tell me how I can get to the bus station.6. They asked me if I c

2、ould speak English.宾语从句所在句子的结构连接词1、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导, that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 l He said that he could finish his work before supper. l We must remember that he is a stranger here.l They have admitted that they were wrong. l Ive felt (that) a word in Chinese doesnt mean a word in English.2、当由一般疑问句充

3、当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。l Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.l I dont know if/whether hell come the day after tomorrow. l We dont know if/whether our teachers will attend the class meeting.if和whether的区别1.在构成whetheror not 句式，或提出两种选择时，只用whether。1) We didnt know whether o

4、r not she was ready2) We didnt know whether she was ready or not.3) I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. 2.在介词之后，只用whether1) We are worrying about whether to go or not. 3.在动词不定式之前，只用whether1) We havent decided whether to go or not. 4.当用if易引起歧义时用whether1) Please let me know whether you like it3

5、、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。 1) Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon? 2) I dont know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack?3) I will show you what he bought in Tibet last month.4) I wonder how he went there. 5) Do you know when well have a lecture on biology?6) Did you

6、 tell them why you were absent last time?4、由系动词+形容词构成的系表结构后面跟的句子也叫宾语从句。如：afraid, sure, glad, sorry, happy, surprised, pleased等。1) Im sure that he didnt look it up in his dictionary when he first met the word.2) Im sorry that you cant come.3) Im afraid he wont pass the exam.时态问题1、当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句

7、中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，按需要可以使用任何时态。1) She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 2) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.3) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.2、当主句谓语是过去时态，从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。1) He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 2) He said (that) he w

8、as going to take care of the baby. 3) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.3、当主句谓语是过去时态，而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理（事实）时，宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。1) The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.2) She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.3) He said t

9、hat light travels much faster than sound. 主句一般现在时一般过去时从句任何时态改为过去的某个时态客观事实和自然现象用一般现在时语序问题1.陈述句变为宾语从句时，语序不变。1) 陈述句：He is an honest man.宾语从句：I said he was an honest man.2) 陈述句：We will win.宾语从句：We believe we will win.2.一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，语序变为陈述句顺序，用whether/if连接。1) 一般疑问句：Does he study hard?宾语从句：I wonder if/whe

10、ther he studies hard.2) 一般疑问句：Will they win?宾语从句：I asked if/whether they would win.3. 特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，语序变为陈述句语序，用原来的疑问词连接。1) 特殊疑问句：Who is he?宾语从句：Do you know who he is?2) 特殊疑问句：What does he want?宾语从句：I dont know what he wants.3) 特殊疑问句：When did he leave?宾语从句：I know when he left.4) 特殊疑问句：Where will he ar

11、rive?宾语从句：He asked me where he would arrive.5) 特殊疑问句：Who went there？宾语从句：I wonder who went there.练习题把两个句子组合成一个句子1.How does he get on with his new classmates? Can you tell me?Can you tell me how he gets on with his new classmates?2. Why didnt he look happy? Could you tell me? Could you tell me why he

12、 didnt look happy?3. Does he still live in that street? I didnt know. I didnt know if he still lived in that street.4. How can we get to the plane? I didnt know.I didnt know how we could get to the plane.5. Light travels faster than sound. Our teacher told us in yesterdays class.Our teacher told us

13、(that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .练习题单项选择1. I wonder _ he is crying now. A. that B. why C. how D. when 2. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 3. Lily said _ she had finished her composition. A. if B. that C. when D. where 4. I do

14、nt know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether二、被动语态Look and find out the similarities (相同点):1) Football is played all over the world.2) A camera is used for taking photos.3) A bank was robbed yesterday. 4) A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. 5) The tree must b

15、e planted on the ground. 6) The ground will be covered with trees in a few years time. 7) They will be sent to the hospital right now. 8) A talk will be given soon. Conclusion: 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时, 或者只需强调动作的承受者时, 要用被动语态。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的构成：be +动词过去分词各个时态的被动语态1) 一般现在时amis are +动词过去分

16、词2) 一般过去时waswere +动词过去分词3) 情态动词mustcancouldmay+ be +动词过去分词4) 现在进行时be(am、is、are)+being +动词过去分词5) 一般将来时will bebe going to be +动词过去分词6) 现在完成时 havehas +been+动词过去分词请把下列句子转换成被动语态1. Many people speak English. English is spoken by many people.2. He bought me a new bike yesterday. I was bought a new bike yes

17、terday.A new bike was bought for me yesterday.3. The boss made him do the heavy work in the old days. He was made to do the heavy work in the old days.4. Tom must hand in the composition after class. The composition must be handed in after class.主动语态如何改成被动语态？1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语

18、动词。dobe done3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。 4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to for.如: givebe given to 此类动词还有: pass show send 再如: buybe bought for 此类动词还有: make draw cook mend5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语, 改成被动语态时, to必须还原。注: 1. 不及物动词（vi.) 不用被动语态。如:happen、take place 、appear、disappeare.g. A traffic accident _

19、 (happen) just now.6. 连系动词(Link.v.)不用被动语态。如: be、look、seem、feel、sound、smell、taste、get、turn、become e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.7.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen _ (write) very fast. This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.Multiple Choice:1. If the work _, you can go and play games.A. finis

20、hed B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished2. It was raining heavily outside, the children were made _ in the classroom. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed3. Kate _ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom. A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing4. To mak

21、e our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river.A. neednt be thrownB. mustnt be thrownC. cant throw D. may not throw5. I like my bike. It _ very well.A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden6. I wont come to the party unless Tom _, too. You mean if Tom comes, youll come. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited用括号内单词的适当形式填空:1. All the students _ (ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.2. Are many ways _ (try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees?3. What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ (take) by American children.