专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）.docx

1、专题11 8BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析单元话题Online toursReading重点词汇、词组和句型Grammar现在完成时和一般过去时的区别知识点囊括一、重点词组、句型1It looks like a TV.（P34）look like意为“看起来像”（指长相，即可指人也可指物），like是介词，意为“像，如一样”，后接名词或代词作宾语。eg. The man looks like our English teacher.eg. The strange thing looks like a plate.区分： What do/dose sb. look

2、like? 问长相=How do/does sb. look? What be sb. like? 问品质 What do/does sb. like? 问喜好2I agree. （P34）agree 用作不及物动词，意为“同意”。例如：I dont agree.3.send and receive emails.（P35）send此处作及物动词，意为“送，发送，寄出”send sth. to sb.= send sb. sth. 把某物寄给/送给某人例如：Ill send my grandfather a hat on his birthday.= Ill send a hat to my

3、grandfather on his birthday.receive及物动词，意为“收到，接到”例如： receive e-mails接收邮件Did you receive the letter from your pen pal？receive收到，接到强调客观上收到accept接受强调主观上接受eg. I received a bunch of flower, but i didnt accept it. 4.I usually use it to search for information. （P35）use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，相当于use sth

4、. for doing sth.例如：They use the sun to heat water.=They use the sun for heating water.search用作不及物动词，意为“搜寻，寻找”例如： It was too dark to search further.search for意为“搜寻，寻找”，相当于look for，后面跟要找的对象作宾语5.Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the page. （P36）Noticed是动词notice的过去分词。Notice此处用作及物动词，意为“注意，注意到

5、”。notice后接名词，也可接从句。例如：Did you notice the man in black？ I noticed that you had made great progress.6.Further on is Times Square. （P 37）further在此作副词，意为“更远，较远”。，是far的比较级。例如：He walks a little further.further副词指在距离方面“更远，较远”Shes too tired to go any further.她太累了以至于不能再往前走了。形容词表示抽象意义，指程度上“更多，更进一步，更深一层”If you

6、 need any further help，please call us. 如果你需要进一步的帮助，请给我们打电话。Many parents send their children to foreign countries for further study. 很多家长送孩子去国外深造。farther形容词/副词只表示距离上“更远，较远”I cant go any further.我再也走不动了。7.Every year， thousands of people gather here on New Years Eve. （P37）Thousands of意为“成千上万的，数以千计的”。在表

7、示“成百上千的”“成千上万的”“数以百万的”等不确切的数量时，用hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万）等词的复数形式加介词of。此时前面不能再加基数词或冠词。例如：Thousands of people came to the island last year. The boy has read hundreds of books.8.Its exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness. （P37）huge形容词，意为“巨大的”。例如：There is a huge buildi

8、ng near the river.huge一般表示体积大，常用于指程度、数量、规模等，不强调重量big指面积、范围、重量或体积等是“大的”，常用于口语中，修饰人或物large侧重指数量、容积、体积或面积之大，一般不用于指人。修饰物时，能和big互换，但比big正式great常指抽象的事物，带有主观色彩。可表示数量、距离、距离或程度，修饰人时，意为“伟大的”fall（fell，fallen）用作不及物动词，意为“落下，跌落”例如：One of the birds fell into the river.9.With several lakes, hills and a large green

9、lawn, its a good place to relax after a hard days work. （P37）句中的with several lakes，hills and a large green lawn为介词短语，with的意思是“带有；伴随”。several此处用作形容词，意为“几个，数个”。several修饰可数名词复数形式。relax此处用作不及物动词，意为“放松”，它也可以作及物动词。动词三单：relaxes ，Relax 的形容词为relaxing意为“令人放松的”(修饰物)，relaxed意为“感到放松的”(修饰人)。 例如：You can relax by l

10、istening to music. I felt relaxed after watching the relaxing TV play.hard此处用作形容词，意为“辛苦的，艰难的”。例如： They did hard work every day.10.It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century. （P37）be famous for意为“因而著名”，后接表示人或事物某方面的特点、特长等的名词。例如：Mr. White is famous for his novels.拓展 be famous

11、 as意为“作为而闻名”，后接表示身份、职业等的名词be famous to sb. 对于.很出名，被.所熟知eg. He is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所熟知.the early twentieth century意为“20世纪初期”。表示“20世纪晚期”用the late twentieth century11.a play filled with many songs（P38）play此处用作可数名词， 意为“戏剧，剧本”例如： Some people dont like watching plays.be fille

12、d with是固定短语，意为“装满；充满”，其中filled是动词fill的过去分词。fill意为“填满，充满”，它的形容词形式为full（满的），fill与full的反义词都是empty（倒空；空的）。be filled with相当于be full of ，其主语通常为物。例如： The cup is filled with water.=The cup is full of water.拓展 fillwith 意为 “用把装满”例如： Please fill my cup with water.12.Have you ever dreamt of travelling around th

13、e world without a passport. （P42）此处dreamt是dream的过去分词， dream此处用作动词。dream用作动词时，主要有以下含义：（1）做梦，梦见，梦到（常和of/about连用）例如： I dreamt of/about you.（2）向往；渴望；想象例如： That boy dreams of becoming a pilot.travel around the world环游世界without介词，意为“没有”，之后要接名词、代词或动名词。由它构成的介词短语常位于句首或句末作状语。例如：Man cant live without water.13.

14、Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. （P42）by taking an online tour意为“通过进行一次在线旅行”，by此处表示“通过,靠的方式”，后面常接动词的-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式获得某种结果”例如： My elder sister learns English by joining an English language club.They raised some money by selling newspapers and Christmas cards.14.To learn abou

15、t a city. （P43）learn about意为“了解，获悉”例如：I want to learn about the earthquake.15.Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.（P44）opposite此处用作名词，意为“对立的人或物”例如：Hot is the opposite of cold.词性用法例句介词“在对面”，相当于across from，常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方位They live opposite the bank.他们住在银行对面。形容词另一边的，对面的；相反的We lived on the oppo

16、site side of the road.我们住在马路对面。副词在对面Theres an old man living opposite.有一个老人住在对面。名词“相反的人或物，对立面”，常与介词of 一起使用“Tall” is the opposite of “short”.16.Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour？.（P 44）Would you mind doing sth?意为“你介意做某事吗？”，多用来提出客气的请求。例如：Would you mind closing the door？how to sta

17、rt this online tour作动词show的宾语。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语成分。例如： When to start is a problem. He hasnt decided what to eat for lunch.17.My pleasure.（P 44）My pleasure用于回答别人的道歉，意为“不客气”。Pleasure名词，意为“快乐；乐趣；愉快”例如：-Thanks for helping me. -My pleasure.18.It is made up of English, Scotland, Wales and Northern

18、 Ireland.（P47）Be made up of意为“由组成”例如：The basketball team is made up of 12 players.拓展be made in意为“在制造”例如： This kind of machine is made in China.be made of意为“由制成的（能看出原材料）”例如： The desk is made of wood.be made from意为“由制成（看不出原材料）”例如： We all know that paper is made from wood.19.Morever, remember that peop

19、le use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.（P47）remember此处用作及物动词，意为“记着，记住”例如： Please remember the story.remember to do sth.记得去做某事（此事还未做）I remember to post his letter.我记得要为他寄信。remember doing sth.记得已做过某事（此事已做完）I remember posting his letter.我记得为他寄过信。二、语法Grammar现在完成时和一般过去时的区别1）在完成时强调的是与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果或影响等，属

20、于现在时范围，谈论的是现在的情况；一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系，现在情况可能已发生变化。2）时间状语的区别时态时间状语一般过去时yesterday, the other day (= a few days ago), last, ago, the day before yesterday, just now, in +过去时间现在完成时already, ever, just, recently, (not) yet, so far (迄今为止), up to now, till now, since, never, before现在完成时五大句型：1) Its +

21、一段时间+since(或It has been +一段时间+since)例题：( )Mr. Green _in Nanjing since his family _to China 10 years ago.A. has lived, has movedB. lived, movedC. lived, has movedD. has lived, moved【答案】D2) This is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that +从句（从句用现在完成时）3) Where have you been?4) There have/ has been e.g.: There have been

22、great changes to my hometown in the past two years.5) It is the first / second/ time that+从句（从句用现在完成时）注意：when不与现在完成时连用三、词组归纳1） use the computer to search for information 用电脑查找资料2） send and receive emails 收发电子邮件3） the world-famous trade centre 世界闻名的贸易中心4） a good place to relax after a hard days work一

23、天辛勤的工作后= a good place to relax after working hard for a day一个休闲的好去处5) so much for 关于就讲这么多，到此为止6) at the top/bottom of the page在这一页的顶部/底部7) dream of travelling around the world without a passport 梦想不带护照环游世界8) show me an online tour of the USA 给我看一次网上美国之旅9) take you to different places around the worl

24、d 带你到全世界不同的地方去10) on the south-east coast of Australia 在澳大利亚的东南海岸11) a wonderful building called the Sydney Opera House 一座名叫悉尼歌剧院的建筑物12) look like a ship with many sails 看上去像一艘扬帆的船13) be made up of 由组成14) the capital city首都城市15) learn a lot about the worlds culture 了解许多有关世界文化的事16) have many places o

25、f natural beauty 有许多自然美景17. “the Big Apple”New York, the biggest city in the USA “大苹果”纽约18. at the southern end of 在的最南端19. Further on is Times Square. 再往前走是时报广场20. on New Years Eve every year 在每年的新年前夜21. a country with a long history 具有悠久历史的国家22. be famous for its museums 以它的博物馆而出名23. be famous as

26、an island country 作为一个岛国而出名24. learn a lot about the worlds culture 精通世界文化25. book tickets and hotels online 网上订票和旅馆26. use English in daily communication 在日常交际中使用英语27. realize your dream by taking an online tour 通过在线旅游来实现你的梦想28. visit many places of great interest 参观许多名胜29. a play filled with many

27、songs 充满(带有)许多首歌曲的戏剧30. travel around the world in eight hours 八小时环游全球31. click on it (the icon) 点击它32. visit Asia, Africa, Europe and America 游览亚洲、非洲、欧洲和美洲33. thousands of people 数以千计的人们34. search for information on the Internet 在互联网上搜寻信息35. use the computer to send and receive emails 使用电脑收发电子邮件四、句

28、型归纳1) It(Broadway) has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century. 百老汇自从20世纪早期就因剧院而出名。2) Its exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.看巨大的玻璃球在夜幕中徐徐落下真是令人激动。3) Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。4) Would you mind showing me how to st

29、art this online tour? Of course not. 你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。5) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an island country. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，又名英国，是个岛国。6) There are many palaces and castles in this old European country. 在这个古老的欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。7) It is sunny one minute

30、, but rainy the next, so prepare for it before you go there.天气阴晴不定，所以去那之前要作好准备。 8) The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 英国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。 9) The best time to visit the UK is from May to September. 游览英国的最好时间是五月到九月。 10) Have you ever heard of the song “Memory”? 你曾经听

31、说过回忆这首歌吗？It comes from the famous Broadway musical Cats. 它来自于著名的百老汇音乐剧猫。易错题分析语法部分：一、单选1. You can improve your English _ practicing more.A. byB. withC. ofD. in2. -Frank, you look worried, anything wrong? - Well, I _ a test and I am waiting for the result.A. will takeB. tookC. am takingD. take3. It_ m

32、e about 10 days _ painting the walls.A. took; to finishB. cost; finishingC. took; finishingD. spent; to finish4. - I like the dress, but I am _ I havent got enough money. - Dont worry. I dont mind _ you some if you like.A. afraid; lendingB. glad; lendingC. afraid; to lendD. glad; to lend5. Sandy fee

33、ls unhappy because nobody seems to _ her progress.A. noticeB. lookC. watchD. read6.How well do you know the Opera House? I know the place very well. I _ Sydney many times. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have arrived in7. Where is Jack? I havent seen him for a long time.He _ HK wi

34、th his family. I think he is having a wonderful time there.A. went to B. was in C. has gone to D. has been to8. Oh, Im sorry for being late. It doesnt matter. The film for just five minutes. A. started B. has started C. has been on D. had been on9. Look at these stamps. I them for five years. Wow, t

35、hey are wonderful. A. kept B. have kept C. have bought D. Keep10. -Mike, why are you watching TV again? -I _my homework. A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finished【答案】ABAAA BCCBC二、动词填空1. We_(leave) Beijing for New York by plane at nine and have arrived now.2. -_your brother_(go) to Beijing w

36、ith you tomorrow?-No, hes not at home. He_ (go) to Shanghai.3. Look, she _(cry)! What_ (happen) to her?4. He _(not leave) Wuxi since his wife_(die) five years ago.5. -Why not see the film with me?-I _(see)the film. I_ (see) it last week with my sister.6. He likes football very much and often dreams

37、of_ (play) football.7. Nobody saw him_(leave) the meeting room. Is he still there?8. -I called you last night, but there was no answer.-I_(take) a shower then.9. They wont play basketball outside until the rain_(stop).10. What a surprise! I_(not know) you would be back today.【答案】left Will go;has gon

38、e is crying;has happened hasnt left;died have seen;saw playing leave was taking stops didnt know 词汇句型部分：一、用所给词的正确形式填空1. - Have you _ (hear) that Margaret Thatcher (撒切尔夫人) passed away in April, 2013? - Yes. I think its a great loss.2. - Is your father at home? - No, Im afraid he _(go) out.3. Miss Lee

39、 (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.4. - Is everybody here? - No, sir. Jim _(not arrive) yet. He is still on the way.5. There _(not be) much snow here in the past three years.6. The old computer _(break) down easily, so I had to restart it again and again.7.- Why are you so happy

40、 today? - Because I _(win)the badminton match yesterday.8. Yesterday I （buy）a new dress at the Macys for my mum.9. The audience _(clap) and screamed with joy after the last performance ended.【答案】1-5 heard; has gone; has taught; hasnt arrived; hasnt been; 6-10 broke; won; bought; clapped二、根据句意，从方框中选择

41、合适的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。gather, several, island, huge, south, pick, trade1. WTO stands for World _ Organization.2. Now _ another city, try to start your online tour.3. _ students are standing under the tall tree.4. Guangzhou is a big city in the _ part of China.5. The driver had to stop his car because a _

42、 stone was in the road.6. Hainan_ is the second biggest one in China.7. Old people like_ in the park to do sport in the morning.【答案】Trade; pick; Several; southern; huge; Island; gathering三、翻译句子1.我们的英语老师正在办公室里接寻她丢失的键盘。Our English teacher _.2.你们班级由几个小组组成?How many _?3.故宫自从19世纪早期就由于它令人惊叹的宫殿而闻名。The Palac

43、e Museum _.4.那个在城市最南端的商店已经开张多久了?How long_?5.有时候书本中的生活和我们的日常生活是相反的。Sometimes the life in books_.6.你曾经梦想过成为一名举世闻名的作家吗?_?【答案】1. is searching the office for her lost keyboard2. groups is your class made up of3. has been famous for its amazing palaces since the early nineteenth century4. has the shop at

44、the southern end of the city been open5. is the opposite of our daily lives6. Have you ever dreamed of being a world-famous writer四、单项选择1.Thats an_river and we cant swim across it.A.800-foot-wideB.800-feet-wideC.800 foot wideD. 800 feet wide2.She found her lost car._she had.A. What a good luck B. Wh

45、at good luck C. How good luckD. How good the luck3.The police_the robbers the whole morning, but none is found now.A. searchedB. searched forC. was searching for D. were searching for4.We find_not easy_fifty English words in one day.A.that; to remember B.it; to rememberC. that; rememberD. it; rememb

46、er5. -I hear your father_to Japan once. - Yes. He_there last year.A. went; has goneB. has been; went C. has gone; wentD. has been; has been6. -Have you finished your homework_?-Yes, weve done that_.A. already; yetB. yet; alreadyC. before; laterD. later; before7. _the game sound_ ?A. Is; interestingB

47、. Is; interestedC. Does; interesting D.Does; interested8.Would you please_the price of the ticket?A. find B. look forC. find outD. look9.We all feel_ with his_talk.A. bored; boringB. boring; boredC. bored; boredD. boring; boring10.-What does the moon_tonight? -A plate.A. lookB. look atC. look likeD.

48、 look for11. Sue was unhappy because she_the concert given by her favourite singer.A. missesB. missedC. has missedD. was missing12.When they walked along the river, they suddenly heard somebody_for help.A. called B. callC. to callD. calling13. - Have you_driven a car? -No,_.A. ever, neverB. already;

49、 everC. before; yetD. just; yet14.-Did you have a good May Day holiday?-_. I enjoyed myself with my family on the beach.A. Im afraid notB. Im not sureC. Of courseD. I hope so【答案】ABDBBBCCACBDAC五、根据句意用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. - How are you today? - Oh, I _ (not feel) as well as I do now for a long time.2. - Lin

50、 Kai, hand in your homework, please. -Oh, sorry. I _ (leave) it at home this morning.3. I _ (get) to know my friend Jim ten years ago. We _ (be) friends since then.4. I _(send) him a text message an hour ago, but he _ (reply)to me yet.5. This is the second time that I _ (get) the Most Helpful Studen

51、t Award.6. If you _ (click) on it, you _ (see) some photos of the city.7. I dont think I _ (take) an online tour in two hours.8. Do you know the girl _ (call) Lily?9. Would you mind my _ (open) the window for you?10. I want to improve my English by _ (read) more.【答案】1. havent felt; 2. left; 3. got; have been; 4. sent; hasnt replied; 5. have got; 6. click; will see; 7. will take; 8. called; 9. opening; 10. reading