专题24 写作之书信类应用文-2021年高考英语题型大冲关（上海专用）.docx

1、高考应用文（书信类）作文指导 知识导图要点精析应用文是一种与日常生活、学习或工作密切相关, 实用性很强的文体, 包括书信(或电子邮件)等, 每种类别的应用文都有各自的结构和行文特点。（一）书信类应用文写作结构 第一段：表明写作意图。 第二段：就意图展开（如：投诉产品或服务特点列举建议或解决措施表明观点的理由）第三段：提出要求，希望对方考虑你的想法。（二）书信类应用文主要分类1. 投诉信：（1）写作结构指导：开头：称呼。第一段：开门见山地说明意图倌的开头要交代事由。第二段：投诉产品或服务，可看重对比反差即产品或服务应该如何或在广告中被宣传成什么效果而实际并非如此。第三段：提出要求及解决办法。结尾

2、；结束语和署名。（2）常用句型 I am writing to complain about 我写信投诉 I am disappointed to find that things were quite the opposite. 我很失望发现情况完全相反。 Since I have suffered a lot both physically and psychologically, I demand that you refund the cost and solve the problems as soon as possible. 我的身心皆遭受伤害，因此我坚决要求你们退还所有费用并尽

3、快解决此问题。 If you do not do this, I will complain to the consumer council and resort to law. 如果你们不按我的要求去做，我将会向消费者协会投诉并诉诸法律。2. 申请信：（1）写作结构指导第一段：表明自己对某个工作或职位感兴趣，并提出申请。第二段：介绍相关的个人信息，主要包括你具备了什么样的素质来胜任这份工作和你为什么想得到这份工作。第三段：提出要求，希望对方考虑你的申请。 （2）常用句型 In answer to your advertisement. I wish to apply for 看到你们的招聘广

4、告，我希望申请 Your advertisement offers a most tempting job to a young man just out of college. 你们的招聘广告提供了一份十分吸引刚出校门的年轻人的工作。 Id like to apply for the position advertised in 我想申请在上刊登的这一职位。 Im rather keen on 我对很感兴趣。 Ive beensince 自从以来，我一直在 I have the education and the experience that fit well with your adve

5、rtised position. 我所受的教育和经历适合你们招聘的职位。 I have a personality that is cheerful and optimistic.我的个性开朗又乐观。 I did well at school and I have got impressive letters of recommendation from my professors. 我在校学习很好并且有教授肯定的推荐信。I would be grateful if you could consider my application. I am looking forward to your

6、reply. 如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。我期待您的回信。I am available for the interview at your convenience. Please contact me at the above address or call me. 在您方便之时我随时恭候你的面试。请按照上述地址联系或者给我电话。3. 邀请信：（1）写作结构指导邀请信包括宴会，舞会，晚餐，婚礼等等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规格式亦称为请柬，一种为非正式格式，即一般的邀请信。虽然一般邀请信在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但是要求叙事一定要清楚、明白。（2）常用句型写作目的：发出

7、邀请It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to Its my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you toIm writing to invite you toId like to invite you to说明事由及活动地点和时间：Will you and Mrs. Smith give the pleasure of dining with us at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October 10th, at eight oclock?There wi

8、ll be a dinner party to be held at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October 10th, at eight oclock. Will you and Mrs. Smith come and join us?I hope that you have no previous engagement and can join us for the English Evening at 7:00 p.m. on Feb. 1st.表示期待和感谢：I do hope that you will be able to come.We shou

9、ld be very pleased if you could honor us with your company.We should be very grateful if you could .I would be grateful if you could accept my invitation.4. 求助信：（1）写作结构指导主要涉及学生学习或生活上的各种问题或困惑，写求助信应注意清楚描述所遇到的困难，表达清楚所希望得到的帮助，语言得体，语气诚恳礼貌。（2）常用句型写作目的：求助Im writing to ask for/get some help.Im writing to as

10、k whether you can give me help.Im sorry that I have to ask you to do me a favor, with the hope that you will be kind to help me.Sorry to bother you but I really get some problems recently.Im writingthis letter to ask you to do me a favor.描述困难But I have met some difficulties with/in But unfortunately

11、, Im encountering difficulty inFaced with/Facing so much difficulty, I have to ask you for some help.I face the choice betweenandIts really hard for me to decide/deal with I need your help because 表达希望得到的帮助I wonder if you can help me with these difficulties. I really appreciate it if you could help

12、me.I believe I will benefit a lot from your valuable and timely advice.I am sure with your help I can make great progress.Can you manage to give me some constructive guidance?列举困难：first, besides, also, whats more, at the same time, in the meanwhile, in addition,.请求系列帮助：so, thus, however, but, in ord

13、er that, so that 情感词汇：sorry, bother, beg, would you like. unfortunately, unluckily, especially, sincerely, badly, hopefully5. 咨询信：常用句型：写信目的I am ahigh school student and planning to study in your university this summer.I am a Chinese student who wishes to study at your university.Im writing to ask if

14、 介绍背景&询问详情I am writing at the suggestion of a friend who graduated from your university last year and has warmly recommended it to me.I will have graduated from high school by the end of this termand wish to continue my study at your university.My plan is to start my course from the next term, and I

15、 would be grateful if its so kind of you to give me some essential information.Could you please tell me something about your ?Would you please send me an application form and other materials necessary for my application?Would you please send me all the information and the forms as soon as possible?

16、Thank you very much.I would be much obliged to you if you let me know the procedures I have to go through.表示谢意，期盼回复Sorry to bother you, your kind help would be greatly appreciated.I will appreciate it very much if you can give me a reply.6. 建议信：常用句型：写信目的I have received your letter saying that you pl

17、an to have a visit to China for ten days next month. I recommend thatI am writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of our hotel so as to establish a website of our own to attract more clients.Imsorry(that)youarehavingtrouble/difficulty/problemsinmakingfriends.Iknowyouarenowh

18、avingtroublecommunicatingwithothers,andyoumayoftenfeellonely.Imgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceon.However,thesituationiseasytochangeifyoutakemyadvice.Herearesometipstohelpyou./Hereareafewsuggestions.Ithinkyoucanmakeitifyoufollowtheadvicebelow.提出建议Id like to suggest that May I suggest thatIn

19、my opinion I would like to make a recommendation that I am writing to advise you of If I were you, I would First(ly),whynot.?Ifyoudothis,.Secondly,youshould/can.Then/Thatway,.Thirdly,itwouldbeagoodideaif.Bydoingthis,.Lastbutnotleast.希望采纳建议，并表示谢意Thank you for your attention.Please take good considera

20、tion of my advice. Thanks.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseideasuseful.Ihopewhatsmentionedabovemightbehelpful.Ibelievethatifyoufollowmyadvice,youllgetalongwellwithyourclassmates.Ibelieve,withyourdetermination,youcanmanagetoovercomethesedifficulties.7. 感谢信：（1）写作结构指导感谢信是用于致谢他人的馈赠、款待、帮助、以及对慰问信和祝贺信的回复。信件主要写明感谢他人的理由

21、，要感情真挚，措辞得体。（2）常用词汇:v. thank, appreciate; owe 欠债, 感激n. thanks, gratitude, appreciation;adj. thankful, grateful, appreciative,appreciate ones doing be grateful/thankful to sb. for convey/express/extend my thanks/gratitude/appreciation for owe sb. a lot for thank sb. for 课堂典例范文赏析1Directions: Write an

22、English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.阅读下面这封中学生来信（摘自 China Daily 21 Century）.以李明的名义给该同学回信。Dear Editor，I am a new student at Haining Hongda Senior High School. My home is far from Haining, so I must live at school. This is the first time for me to g

23、et away from my parents. I feel very sad. When I left home, I couldnt help tearing myself away from them. I do not want to be alone at school, and I am a shy girl. I have been crying in bed at night these days. I want to stay at home forever. I miss my parents very much. Could you tell me what to do

24、 ?Your early reply is expected. Regards,Amy_Dear Amy，Thank you for your letter. I am so glad to have a talk about your present situation with you.People often miss their parents the first time they leave home. Most people do have to leave home for higher education or employment. You cannot live with

25、 your parents forever. I think you should realize that present separation will help your academic development and your improvement of personal ability.You need to make friends on your school campus, sharing ideas with your classmates who are physically closest to you now. Maybe you will still miss y

26、our parents, but your new friends will bring you happiness and joy to your new life. Also I suggest you should enjoy yourself by taking an active part in different kinds of activities in school. You will get much pleasure from it.Wish you happy every day. Faithfully yours， Li MingDear Amy，Thank you

27、for your letter. I am so glad to have a talk about your present situation with you.People often miss their parents the first time they leave home. Most people do have to leave home for higher education or employment. You cannot live with your parents forever. I think you should realize that present

28、separation will help your academic development and your improvement of personal ability.You need to make friends on your school campus, sharing ideas with your classmates who are physically closest to you now. Maybe you will still miss your parents, but your new friends will bring you happiness and

29、joy to your new life. Also I suggest you should enjoy yourself by taking an active part in different kinds of activities in school. You will get much pleasure from it.Wish you happy every day. Faithfully yours， Li MingDear Amy，Thank you for your letter. I am so glad to have a talk about your present

30、 situation with you.People often miss their parents the first time they leave home. Most people do have to leave home for higher education or employment. You cannot live with your parents forever. I think you should realize that present separation will help your academic development and your improve

31、ment of personal ability.You need to make friends on your school campus, sharing ideas with your classmates who are physically closest to you now. Maybe you will still miss your parents, but your new friends will bring you happiness and joy to your new life. Also I suggest you should enjoy yourself

32、by taking an active part in different kinds of activities in school. You will get much pleasure from it.Wish you happy every day. Faithfully yours， Li Ming范文赏析2Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学（ Ming Qi Middle Scho

33、ol）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童。根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）。启事国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目，以帮助贫困地区的儿童。申请成功者将获得项目经费2000元。有意者请来信告知：1） 你个人的基本情况；2） 你对申请项目的基本设想；3） 项目经费的使用计划。联系方式: 2011hopeicf.org Dear Sir or Madam, Word came that the International Children Funds Association intended to aid middle school students fina

34、ncially in launching programs designed to help children in poor areas. And I am writing to you to apply for one, hoping that the fund as much as 2000 yuan can realize my wish to help these children. As a normal student of MingQi Middle School, I, Li Ming, have been long cherishing a dream that every

35、 single child in poverty can have free access to knowledge, thus devoting themselves to society to make it more harmonious in turn. Consequently, if my application can be luckily agreed to, I will spare no effort to build a library for those children as my program. To be more specific, the fund will

36、 be divided into three parts. First of all, 800 yuan of it will be spent on buying books which may be mainly second-hand, in order to ensure the quantity. Also, another 400 yuan will be intended to carry out advertisements that call on the people with a sense of responsibility in society to donate t

37、extbooks and so forth. Whats more, the remaining 800 yuan, according to my design, shall be given to those children, entitling them the right to buy their favorite books that are beyond what is mentioned above.As you can see from what is talked about above, my plan may still leave something to be de

38、sired, but as far as my strong wish to help those children is concerned, I genuinely hope you and your association can grant me the opportunity to turn it into reality. Yours sincerely, Li Ming范文赏析3Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in

39、 Chinese.假设你是李华，你的表弟张强被一所寄宿制高中（boarding high school）录取了，写一份信祝贺他。信的内容需包括：1. 对表弟进入高中表示祝贺2. 介绍高中生活和初中生活的异同3. 对如何成功地过好高中生活提出自己的建议。参考范文:Dear brother, Im thrilled to be informed that you have been admitted into a boarding high school. I firmly believe that all your family members will take pride in you, f

40、or you will go through a shift from adolescent to grown-up. What a fabulous life period it will be! It wont be strange for you find it hard to gear yourself to the high school life at the beginning. Youd better bear in mind that not only does the extent of learning difficulties elevate incredibly, b

41、ut also the classmates around you are more mature compared with your former ones. Its high time for you to uplift yourself by picking up those valuable qualities from your classmates. You can never pay too much attention to making progress in the field you like. The prominent difference between the

42、boarding high school and the Junior school is that you need to endeavor to fulfill your own ultimate goal independently. Chances are that you will miss your parents and friends, but it is what you have experienced that will pave the way for you to keep going. By and large, no matter what kind of twi

43、sts and turns come to or what sorts of excitement faces you, you should be grateful to the precious days that you have and value the acquisition of qualities.Yours,Li Hua范文赏析4Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.学校英语报正在酝酿改版，拟从

44、现有的三个栏目（健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报。假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件，表达你的观点。邮件须包括以下内容：1. 你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；2. 你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由。参考范文:Dear Editor,Word comes that our schools English newspaper is going to have a change on its content. As a hardcore fan of it, Im writing to voice some of my opinion

45、s towards our schools English newspaper.In my point of view, among health, entertainment and culture, I would choose “entertainment” to be the one to be eliminated. Not only is this topic far from our study life, but also it may distract our attention from learning. We are already living in a world

46、that is crammed with useless information, and theres no need to add some more. Instead, I suggest that some interesting stories can be put to the topic of culture, which are sure to serve quite the equal function of the topic of entertainment.In terms of the column to be added, what I highly recomme

47、nd is the readers feedback. Its crucial for the editor to know the reaction of the readers to the newspaper. Only in this way can the newspaper carry something of great value to students and as a result Im fully convinced that it will gain more popularity among students.Given the advice mentioned ab

48、ove, I acutely hope that our English paper can achieve greater success and I would appreciate it very much if you can take my advice into serious account. Yours,Chengfei实战演练演练1假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter非常关心你的备考情况及你的高考后的安排，因此，他来信向你询问相关的情况。请你据此给 Peter写封回信。写一封邮件介绍有关情况。参考范文：Dear Peter, Delighted to receive your

49、 letter inquiring about my preparations for the upcoming Gaokao and my arrangements after the exam, Im writing to tell you more details. When making preparations, I spare no effort to do exercises every day and even stay up late so that I can be admitted into a key university. Besides, I attach impo

50、rtance to adjusting my state of mind, aiming to relieve my stress. As for my plans after the exam, taking a part-time job comes on the top of my list, which helps me learn to be independent and prepare myself for my college life. Thanks for your care and concern, so what about your holiday plan? You

51、rs,Li Hua目前，某某学校正在开展推选“校园形象大使”(image ambassador on campus)活动。假定你是该校的一名学生，请以书信的形式向校长推荐一位同学或者进行自荐，并结合具体事例阐明推荐的理由。(信中请勿出现具体校名和姓名)参考范文：Dear Mr Principal,With the recent “Image ambassador on campus” campaign launched,a suitable candidate just comes up into my mind and I cannot wait to introduce this my d

52、ear fellow to you heartily.The guy,named Ben,has been class monitor since his first debut.He is such a person with a high sense of responsibility as is always ready to offer people a helping hand with no hesitation and reluctance. He is also a role model possessing precious virtues which we all are

53、endeavoring to learn from.Never is he arrogant no matter what achievements he has made in study. So he is never tired of learning from all that he finds a point in improving himself. He is always on the run of clarifying his own soul as well as ours.If you share the same opinion as mine, please take

54、 Ben into account. Im sure he can assume the role of image ambassador on campus and maximize his positive energy for us students deeper internal development in the mean time.Anyway,thanks for your reading time.Yours,Serena演练2某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺（gardening）、烹饪（cooking）、防身术（self-defence）、护理（nursing

55、）。假如你是王跃华（不可以用自己的真实姓名），写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：你感兴趣的课程你期望从这门课程中学到什么为什么想学这些内容参考范文：Dear leader，I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses, such as gardening; cooking; self-defence; nursing and so on. I want to register to attend a course bout gar

56、dening, because I have liked flowers; grasses etc since I was a little child. I especially like playing in the garden where I can enjoy the beauty of nature. For one thing, I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college. Besi

57、des I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more easily when I enter the university. Whats more, I can realize the bitterness of the gardeners to treasure the plants much more. For another, after graduation from college I will devote my life to cultivate the flowers and grasses to turn our country into a more beautiful state and make many more foreigners come to visit our country.Yours，Wang yue hua