专题25 个人卫生-备战2022中考英语语法填空热点话题 体裁分类训练(中考模拟题 名校真题).docx

1、备战2022中考英语语法填空热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考模拟题+名校真题)专题25 个人卫生Passage 1（2014上海浦东新二模）Positive(积极的) people are usually happy. They often have a lot of friends. When they have a problem, they try to change the problem i_1_a chance. They believe things always work out. But can positive thinking really make someones lif

2、e better? Many scientists are studying positive thinking. They are finding out some very interesting information.Your HealthThe Mayo Clinic is a famous medical organization in the United States. It studies many things, including positive thinking. Their research proves that positive thinking has man

3、y advantages. First, positive thinking _2_good health. Positive people dont worry about the bad events in life, so they stay healthy. Positive people are _3_likely to exercise and eat healthy foods. Because of this, they dont usually get sick and dont have many health problems.At workDr.Michael is a

4、 professor in Germany. His research shows that positive people do well in jobs. There are several reasons for this. Positive people are creative. They dont expect _4_to help them with problems. They solve problems themselves. And positive people dont give up. They keep trying to learn new things.Bec

5、oming PositiveIn the past, scientists thought attitude _5_changed. Now, many psychologists think people can become more positive. There are many different ways to change. Here are some examples. First, think about good events in your life. At the end of a day, ask, “What good things happened to me t

6、oday?”Think about these things for a few minutes. Second, find interesting_6_to do. Laugh at a funny movie or read a good book. Finally, always try new things. For example, you can talk to people you dont know or shop in a different store. Do different things every day.A Good LifeLife can be _7_some

7、times. Dont give up or be negative. Take action. Think about the future and make a plan. You can learn to be positive.Passage 2（2021江苏沭阳九年级阶段练习）Its important to develop the healthy habits in your daily life. The following will help you become healthier and keep perfect shape.Eat properly. A healthy

8、diet is very important for everybody. Breakfast is _8_ (impotant) meal in a day. Doctors suggest that _9_ (student) breakfast should include fruit, eggs, milk, rice or noodles, because these can offer them necessary energy, help them listen carefully in class and keep them _10_ (health). Eat enough

9、for lunch and little for supper. But remember that too much sugar is bad for your teeth and blood. You shouldnt have too many sweet snacks and desserts in your diet, even though such food tastes delicious.Keep off germs (病菌). Daily tooth cleaning reduces the amount of germs which will spread disease

10、s. Germs in the mouth are likely _11_ (enter) the blood and cause _12_ (ill), even heart disease. Even if youre not sick, always remember _13_ (cough) or sneeze into your arms instead of your hands because hands can spread germs to others when you touch something else. Besides, washing hands is nece

11、ssary after going to the toilet, And youd better _14_ (rub) both hands while _15_ (wash) them.Exereise regularly. Regular exercise can improve your moods and balance. Whats more, its good for bones. There are many forms of exercise: walking or running for about 30 minutes a day playing ball games tw

12、ice or three times a week, swimming or dancing often. You can choose your favorite to practise _16_ (regular), You will not only feel _17_ (energy) but also think better after doing exercise.Stay connected. Having regular communication with friends is the key to reducing stress. And sharing happines

13、s and sadness, exchanging information with others can also help improve memory. Having a friend or a circle of friends can help you feel good.Passage 3（2021全国九年级单元测试）Do you often feel bad? When you have bad _18_ (feel), how do you usually deal with them? I think it is good for you to share them with

14、 o_19_. It can help you feel better.But how can you share your feelings? First, you should know what feelings you have. You can make _20_ list of feelings in your mind or by writing them down on a piece of paper or even by drawing pictures. What makes you _21_ (happy)? Does it make you sad or angry?

15、 Second, talk about them _22_ your friends or parents.Do you know why you should do that? If you always keep your bad feelings inside, especially sadness, nervousness and anxiety (焦虑), they will make you feel even _23_ (bad). But if you talk with someone who _24_ (care) about you, like your mom and

16、your dad, you will feel much better. Your parents want to know what happens in your life _25_ they love you. If you dont want to talk with them, _26_ /tn/ to your friends. They will help you, too.Passage 4（2020全国八年级期末）用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，必要时可添加助动词或情态动词。Everyone wants to have healthy teeth. When you laugh

17、, you will open your mouth and show your teeth. The healthier your teeth are, the _27_ (happy) you feel. Why is that? Thats because your teeth are _28_ (importance) in many ways. Take care of them, and they will help to take care of you. Strong, healthy teeth help you _29_ (grow). They also help you

18、 speak _30_ (clear). You can take care of your teeth by doing like these: Brush your teeth _31_ (two) a day, after getting up and before bedtime. And brush all of your teeth, not just the front ones. Spend some time _32_ (brush) the teeth along the sides and in the back. Spend at _33_ (little) three

19、 minutes each time you brush. Be sure your toothbrush is soft. Ask your parents _34_ (help) you get a new toothbrush every three months. Brushing keeps your teeth in good health. You also need _35_ (care) about what you eat and drink.Do you want to have whiter and _36_ (health) teeth? Please brush y

20、our teeth.Passage 5（2020江苏新沂九年级期中）It is easy for people _37_ (catch) cold in winter or spring. But we can also do a lot to stay _38_ (health). Here is some advice. Wash _39_ (you) hands often, and it will stop germs(细菌) _40_ (pass) from one person to another. Dont use your hands when coughing. Use a

21、 tissue, and then throw it away at _41_ (one). Turn your head away from people near you when you _42_ (cough). Get some fresh air. Germs like staying in wet and warm room. So youd better _43_ (keep) your window open at night when you are sleeping, or you _44_ (not have) enough fresh air. If flu (流感)

22、 is going around your house or school, you should try to stay away from _45_ ( that ) who are ill. Remember _46_ (boil) your towel (毛巾) for about a minute to kill germs.Passage 6（2021浙江慈溪七年级期中）Everyone _47_ (want) to have healthy teeth. When you laugh, you will open your mouth and show your _48_(too

23、th). If your teeth are healthy, you will be happy. Why is that? Its _49_ your teeth are very important. Strong, white teeth help you _50_ (grow). You can love your teeth by doing like these: Brush your teeth twice a day, after _51_ (get) up and before bedtime. And you brush all of _52_ (you) teeth,

24、not just the front ones. Spend some time _53_ (brush) the teeth along the sides and in the back. Please get a new toothbrush every three _54_ (month). You also need _55_ (care) about what you eat and drink. Eat _56_ (lot) of fruit and vegetables and drink water every day.Please brush your teeth!Pass

25、age 7（2020湖南衡阳市船山实验中学九年级期中）Do we need to wear masks during outdoor _57_(activity)? People do not need to wear masks when at home or outdoors as _58_ as there are no crowds and the space is well-ventilated (通风良好的). People are _59_ (advise) to wear surgical masks when in crowded places such _60_office

26、s, shopping malls, workshops and restaurants. People in high-risk areas should _61_ (wear) surgical masks all _62_ time. Those _63_have cold symptoms(症状) such as _64_ (cough) or sneezing, or have _65_(recover) from the novel coronavirus are suggested to wear masks. People working 40% special places

27、such as hospitals, airports, prisons _66_ nursing homes need to wear surgical masks or respirators of grade KN95/N95 or above.Passage 8（2018四川八年级阶段练习）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too _67_ homework, when your

28、 team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then never gives it _68_ , you may get really angry. Usually, your body will _69_you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break _70_ or hit someone, but sometimes, yo

29、u hide (隐藏)your anger. For example, you may hide it in your heart. The problem is that _71_you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact, its not good to hide your anger, and its normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way _72_ hurting oth

30、ers or yourself. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. Its helpful to talk about your anger with an adult, such as parents, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad _73_can start to go away. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk t

31、o a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); go for a bike ride; think about good things, etc. _74_that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. Dont let your anger control you.参考答案：1into2supports3also4others5never6activities7difficult【解析】【分析】试题分析：这篇短文介绍了

32、积极的人们通常都快乐。他们经常有很多的朋友。当他们遇到问题,他们试图改变成一个机会。但积极思考真的能使人的生活更好吗?许多科学家正在研究积极的思考。他们发现了一些非常有趣的信息。1考查介词及句意的理解。句意：当他们遇到问题,他们试图把问题改变成一个机会changeinto把变成故填into。2考查动 词及句意的理解。句意：首先,积极思考会使人健康。动词ing形式做主语，看做第三人称单数。故填supports.3考查副词及句意的理解。句意：积极的人也可能锻炼和吃健康的食物。故填also。4考查代词及句意的理解。句意：他们不希望别人帮他们解决问题。others是代词。故填others。5考查副词及

33、句意的理解。句意：过去科学家认为态度不会改变。故填never。6考查名词及句意的理解。句意：找到有意思的活动做。故填activities.7考查形容词及句意的理解。句意;有时生活可能很难，不要放弃。故填difficult考点：单词填空。8the most important9students10healthy11to enter12illness13to cough14rub15washing16regularly17energetic【解析】【分析】文章介绍了怎样养成好的健康习惯，在生活中养成良好的卫生习惯对于保持健康是非常重要的。8句意：早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。根据“in a day”可

34、推知这里是说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，应该用important的最高级，故填the most important。9句意：医生建议学生的早餐应该包括水果、鸡蛋、牛奶、米饭或面条。student可数名词，学生。观察句子，这里表达的是“学生们的”，可知应该用名词所有格，故填students。10句意：因为这些可以为他们提供必要的能量，帮助他们在课堂上认真听讲，保持健康。health 名词，健康。固定短语：keep healthy“保持健康”，故填healthy。11句意：口腔内的细菌很可能进入血液，导致疾病，甚至心脏病。be likely to do sth很可能做某事，可知用enter的不定式，

35、作为表语，故填to enter。12句意：口腔内的细菌很可能进入血液，导致疾病，甚至心脏病。ill adj. 生病的。观察句子，这里表示并且导致疾病，应填的名词illness,作为宾语故填illness。13句意：即使你没有生病，也要记得咳嗽或打喷嚏时不要用手，而要用胳膊。cough v. 咳嗽。固定句型：remember to do sth“记住要去做某事”，用cough的不定式，作为宾语，故填to cough。14句意：洗的时候你最好搓双手。rub v. 擦。固定句型：had better do sth“最好做某事”，故填rub。15句意：洗的时候你最好搓双手。这里应该用wash的动名词w

36、ashing，作为介宾 while的宾语故填washing。16句意：你可以选择你最喜欢的经常锻炼，锻炼后你不仅会感到精力充沛，而且思维也会更好。regular adj. 有规律的。观察句子，作为状语，表示定时地，可知应该用副词regularly，故填regularly。17句意：你可以选择你最喜欢的经常锻炼，锻炼后你不仅会感到精力充沛，而且思维也会更好。energy n.能量；精力。feel系动词，后接形容词，表示“感觉怎样”，故填energetic。18feelings19others20a21unhappy22with23worse24cares25because26turn【解析】【分

37、析】本文关注的是情绪调节，介绍了和别人分享的好处和分享的方法。18句意：当你有不好的情绪时，你通常如何处理它们？bad坏的/不良的，形容词修饰名词；提示词feel是表感觉系动词，需用其名词形式feeling“感觉”；结合下文“how do you usually deal with them”，可知需用复数形式，故填feelings。19句意：我认为和别人分享对你是有好处的。share with sb.和某人分享，根据题干“it is good for you to share them with ”，可知others“别人”符合语境，故填others。20句意：你可以把你的感受列一个清单。l

38、ist是可数名词，泛指“清单/目录”，list以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰；make a list of是固定搭配，表示“列出一张的清单”，故填a。21句意：什么让你不开心？“make sb. +形容词”表示让某人处于某种状态，根据下文“Does it make you sad or angry”和单词提示，可知是不开心，故填unhappy。22句意：第二，和你的朋友或父母谈论他们。talk about sth./sb. with sb.和某人谈论某事或某人，固定搭配，故填with。23句意：它们会让你感觉更糟。even (用以加强比较) 甚至更，修饰比较级；提示词bad“坏的/糟糕的”

39、是形容词，故填worse。24句意：但如果你和关心你的人交谈，比如你的父母，你会感觉好多了。本句是定语从句，关系词在从句中做主语，先行词someone是单数意义，动词需用三单形式，故填cares。25句意：你的父母想知道你的生活发生了什么，因为他们爱你。根据题干“Your parents want to know what happens in your lifethey love you”，可知前后是因果关系，因为爱所以关心，故填because。26句意：如果你不想和他们说话，就去找你的朋友。turn to sb.向某人求助/转向某人，固定短语；结合音标提示，故填turn。27happier

40、28important29(to) grow30clearly31twice32brushing33least34to help35to care36healthier【解析】【分析】短文主要讲述了牙齿健康的重要性以及正确刷牙的方法。27句意：牙齿越健康，你就越快乐。根据“The healthier your teeth are”可知，此处需要用的句型是“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越就越”，故填happier。28句意：那是因为你的牙齿在很多方面都很重要。分析句子结构可知，需用形容词作表语，importance名词，形容词是important，故填important。29句意：强

41、壮健康的牙齿帮助你成长。此处是固定短语“help sb. (to) do sth.”，表示“帮助某人做某事”，故填(to) grow。30句意：它们还能帮你清楚地讲话。空格修饰动词speak，需用clear的副词形式clearly，故填clearly。31句意：每天刷牙两次，起床后和睡觉前。根据“after getting up and before bedtime”可知，一天刷两次牙，“两次”是twice，故填twice。32句意：花费一些时间在牙齿的两边和后面。此处表达的是“花费时间做某事”，英语是spend some time (in) doing sth.，故填brushing。33句

42、意：每次刷牙至少花费三分钟。此处表达的是“至少”，英语是固定短语at least，故填least。34句意：让你的父母每三个月帮你换一把新牙刷。此处表达“让某人做某事”，英语是ask sb. to do sth.，故填to help。35句意：你还需要注意你吃什么和喝什么。need是行为动词，表示“需要”，后跟不定式，故填to care。36句意：你想拥有更白更健康的牙齿吗？根据句意及“whiter”可知，需用形容词healthy的比较级，故填healthier。37to catch38healthy39your40passing41once42are coughing/cough43keep

43、44wont have45those46to boil【解析】【分析】在冬季和春季人们经常感冒。文章介绍几种预防感冒保持健康的方法。勤洗手；咳嗽流鼻涕时用纸巾；呼吸新鲜空气；晚上睡觉最好别关窗户；远离感冒的人。37句意：冬天或春天人们很容易感冒。 固定句型It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”。此处“it”为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to catch。38句意：但我们也可以做很多事情来保持健康。动词短语stay healthy意为“保持健康”，此处stay用作系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，所以用名词health的形容词形式，故填heal

44、thy。39句意：经常洗手，它会阻止细菌从一个人传到另一个人。根据空后的名词“hands”，可知用“you”的形容词性物主代词your“你的”，故填your。40句意：经常洗手，它会阻止细菌从一个人传到另一个人。动词短语stop sth. (from) doing sth意为“阻止做某事”，所以空处用动词pass的动名词形式，故填passing。41句意：用纸巾，然后马上扔掉。固定短语at once意为“马上”，故填once。42句意：当你咳嗽的时候，把你的头转向另一边，不要冲着靠近你的人。根据“when” 可知此处为时间状语从句，主语为祈使句“Turn your head”，由语境可知时间状

45、语从句可以用一般现在时或现在进行时，从句主语为“you”，所以一般现在时用动词原形cough，进行时用助动词are，即are coughing。故填are coughing/cough。43句意：所以你最好在晚上睡觉的时候把窗户打开，否则你就没有足够的新鲜空气了。固定短语had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”，所以空处用动词原形，keep“保持”，代词。故填keep。44句意：所以你最好在晚上睡觉的时候把窗户打开，否则你就没有足够的新鲜空气了。固定句型“You had better do ，or+将来时”意为“最好做某事，否则将会”，所以此处用一般将来时will do的结构，否

46、定句在助动词will后加not，缩写为wont，故填wont have。45句意：你应该尽量远离那些生病的人。根据定语从句“who are ill”中的be动词为are，可知关系代词who指代的是复数“那些人”，所以用“that”的复数形式those。故填those。46句意：记得把毛巾煮一分钟左右，以杀死细菌。动词短语remember to do sth.“记着去做某事”，此处表示建议要去做的事情，所以用不定式形式。故填to boil。47wants48teeth49because50grow/to grow51getting52your53brushing54months55to care

47、56lots【解析】【分析】牙齿对于我们来说是非常重要的，如何保护我们的牙齿呢？这篇短文中给出了一些实用的建议。47句意：每个人都想有健康的牙齿。want想要，是一个动词，在句中作谓语。由文意可知，短文如何保护我们的牙齿，使用了一般现在时态；该句主语是Everyone，不定代词，谓语动词应用单数。故填wants。48句意：当你笑的时候，你会张开嘴露出你的牙齿。tooth牙齿，是一个名词。根据句意和常识可知，我们的牙齿都有很多，因此这里应用复数形式，tooth的复数是不规则的变化，应变为teeth。故填teeth。49句意：那是因为你的牙齿是非常重要的。上一句“Why is that?”问到了原

48、因，这里应回答“因为”，because“因为”，符合语境。故填because。50句意：强壮、洁白的牙齿帮助你成长。grow长大，成长，是一个动词。由句子结构可知，该句中使用了句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，不定式可以带to也可不带to。故填grow/to grow。51句意：一天刷两次牙，起床之后、睡觉之前。get up意为“起床”，是动词短语。空前“after”意为“在之后”，是介词，后面跟动名词形式。故填getting。52句意：你要把所有的牙齿都刷到，不要只刷前面的。you你，你们，是人称代词。由句意和空后的“teeth”可知，这里表示“你的牙齿”，应

49、用形容词性物主代词。故填your。53句意：花费一些时间刷两边和后面的牙齿。brush刷，是一个动词。句中谓语动词是spend，常用于句型spend+一段时间+doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，这里应用动名词形式。故填brushing。54句意：每三个月换一次牙刷。month月，月份，是一个名词。空前有基数词“three”表示“三个”，名词应用复数形式。故填months。55句意：你也需要注意你的饮食。care about关心，是一个动词短语。句中谓语动词是need，意为“需要”，常用于句型need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故填to care。56句意：多吃水果和蔬菜，每天喝

50、水。lot许多，常用于短语a lot of或lots of，修饰可数名词或不可数名词。故填lots。57activities58long59advised60as61wear62the63who64coughing65recovered66and【解析】【分析】文章介绍了人们在什么情况下可以不用戴口罩，什么情况下要戴口罩。57句意：我们在户外活动时需要戴口罩吗？根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“户外活动”，英语activity是一个可数名词，这里应该指的是所有的活动，所以应该用复数形式，故答案为activities。58句意：只要没有人群，且通风良好，人们就不需要戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，Peo

51、ple do not need to wear masks when at home or outdoors 与there are no crowds and the space is well-ventilated两句之间表示条件关系，后句是前句的条件，所以这里应该用条件状语从句的连词as long as，表示“只要”，故答案为long。59句意：建议人们戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“建议”，句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，而空格前有are，所以空格直接用过去分词即可，构成一般现在时的被动结构，故答案为advised。60句意：建议人们在办公室、商场、车间和餐厅等

52、人流密集的地方戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“例如”，英语是固定短语such as，所以空格处缺的是as，故答案为as。61句意：高危地区的人应该一直戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“应该戴口罩”，英语should是一个情态动词，后面要接动词原形，故答案为wear。62句意：高危地区的人应该一直戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“一直”，英语是固定短语all the time，所以这里应该用定冠词the，故答案为the。63句意：对于有感冒症状人。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个定语从句，先行词是those指人，且在从句中做主语，所以这里的关系词应该用who，故答案

53、为who。64句意：有咳嗽、打喷嚏等感冒症状的人。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“咳嗽”，而由空格后面or sneezing可知，这里应该也用ing形式，故答案为coughing。65句意：或已从新型冠状病毒中康复的患者，建议戴口罩。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“已经康复的”，而空格前有has，所以空格应该用过去分词，构成现在完成时的结构，故答案为recovered。66句意：在医院、机场、监狱、疗养院等40%特殊场所工作的人员需要佩戴KN95/N95级以上的口罩或呼吸器。根据句意理解可知，hospitals, airports, prisons 10 nursing homes这里都是用来

54、举例的，所以应该是表示一种并列关系，在这里表示“和”，所以应用and连接，故答案为and。67much68back69tell70something71if72without73feelings74Remember【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是议论文，主要论述了生气的原因、表现及解决的办法。67句意：当你的老师给你太多的家庭作业你可能会很生气。too太，副词修饰形容词；homework（家庭作业）是不可数名词，需用much修饰；too much太多的，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填much。68句意：当一个朋友借了你最喜欢的东西，却再也没有还给你时，你可能会很生气。give back归还；

55、根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填back。69句意：通常，你的身体会告诉你什么时候生气。本句缺谓语动词，will将会，后接原形动词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填tell。70句意：比如，你呼吸更快，脸变红，你可能想打碎某物或打伤某人。break打破，需接物品名词；or连接并列结构，根据or hit someone和上下文提示，可知填something。71句意：问题是，如果你这样做，你可能会头痛，或者你的胃可能会受伤。本句是表语从句，该从句同时含有条件状语从句，需用if连接。根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填if。72句意：但愤怒必须以正确的方式释放而不伤害他人或自己。let out in

56、the right way以正确的方式释放，hurt others or yourself伤害他人或自己，二者是对立的；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知介词后接动名词，故填without。73句意：当你谈论愤怒时，这些不良情绪会开始消失。bad不好的，形容词修饰名词；these这些，后接复数名词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填feelings。74句意：记住，当你生气时，你的行为会使一切变得更好或者更糟。本句是祈使句，需用原形动词；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填Remember。【点睛】短文填空题，要求根据句意语境，填写合适的单词，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。