专题41 社会关系-备战2022高考英语阅读七选五热点话题 体裁分类训练(高考模拟 名校真题).docx

1、备战2022高考英语七选五热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)专题41 社会关系（2022宁夏银川一中一模）“Im sorry” are two very important words that play a big part in daily life. You might apologize while squeezing through a crowd or using the last of the printer paper at work. Its easy to say “Im sorry”, but true apologies are a different sto

2、ry._1_ Or you may wonder how to properly demand an apology if the other person is at fault? With the following tips, youll find these are not hard.Apologize sincerely. A genuine apology can help repair your relationship, and even your reputationyoure showing that you can be trusted to do whats right

3、. But your relationship will remain tense if your apology seems casual._2_Apply specific principles. A meaningful apology comes down to the three Rs- regret, responsibility and remedy (补救办法). Firstly, communicate your regret. Show the other person you have recognized your error and can relate to his

4、/her pain. Then take complete responsibility._3_ Lastly, show that youre working to improve the situation. Offer to make up for the harm you caused or promise you wouldnt repeat it again._4_If youre the offended (冒犯) party, describe whats changed in the relationship and your true feeling. For exampl

5、e, you could say, “Although theres a disagreement between you and me, I want us to be friends again. But Ive been hurt, and Id like an apology. I need you to acknowledge what youve done.”Dont expect immediate forgiveness. Most people hope for immediate forgiveness while apologizing, but that may mea

6、n you dont respect the others emotions and all you care about is yourself._5_After all, they were hurt and it would take them a while to recover.AAsk for an apology if necessary.BDont make excuses or blame the victim.CSay sorry first if both parties are at fault.DSo you have to be truly willing to a

7、pologize.EYou should make sure your words are acceptable.FSo give them some time to come out of the pain after your apology.GYou may have trouble finding the right way to send meaningful apologies.（2022福建泉州三模）The most popular course at Yale is Psych 157: Psychology and the Good Life, covering the sc

8、ience of happiness and how to apply it. Since its launch in 2018 by Professor Laurie Santos, the course has been taken by a quarter of Yale students and more than 200,000 others in its online version. _6_When chasing happiness, many of us are trying to be a little gentler with ourselves and assignin

9、g a priority to self-care. Thats a sensible strategy, Santos agrees. The trouble is how people understand self-care. We assume that self-care looks like a nice bubble bath - or even selfish pursuits. _7_ We actually get more out of being more open, more social and more other-oriented (以他人为中心的) than

10、spending money on ourselves.Santos isnt the only scientist insisting that you focus more on kindness to others than kindness to yourself. Research out of Oxford University confirms that even tiny acts of kindness can have significant effects on our happiness. _8_ They boost mental well-being in the

11、wider community. If you want to stay happy, focus less on self-indulgence (自我放纵) and more on kindness._9_ Everyone has made a silly decision or two. I myself have lived and learned from more than a few. Its not the mistakes that matter. Its how we deal with them. What we can do is to learn from the

12、poor choices, terrible ideas and bad decisions of the past and not repeat them. We can also learn from the mistakes of others and avoid them. _10_ And we can make all the bumps and bruises (磕磕碰碰) count for something.AApparently, we all have a thirst for happiness.BSelf-care is the foundation for car

13、ing about others.CFinally, to pursue happiness, learn from mistakes.DGetting them down on paper will help us avoid mistakes.EAnd other studies show small acts of kindness can spread out.FTherefore, we can save the unavoidable pain in life for whats worthwhile.GBut data suggest the right way to treat

14、 ourselves would be to do nice things for others.（2022山东菏泽一模）No matter what profession or occupation you hold you will need to work with others to meet your goals. Group work is a great way to showcase your own skills while getting help from your teammates in areas where you might not be as strong.

15、_11_ Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page. _12_ Its likely that each teammate has a different idea about whats expected of them, as well as what everyone else needs to be doing. Its essential that the team discuss these expectations and agree on one universal list of expecta

16、tions that everyone will follow. _13_ No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project. Take on an equal part of the work, and speak up if you realize you arent doing your fair share. Not only will your group mates appreciate your work ethic, it will show your supervisor or instructor t

17、hat youre a good team player.Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates. Dont accuse or blame anyone on your team for causing the conflict, even if you believe they did. _14_ Have your team work through conflict, using it to their benefit.Focus on the success of the group, not your p

18、ersonal success. When youre on a team, everyones success depends on each member working toward a common goal. _15_ Keep your focus on your teams success, and your own success will follow.AMake sure you do an equal share of the work.BVolunteer to take on extra work when necessary.CTreat the teams acc

19、omplishments as a group success.DOur guide will show you how to boost your teamwork skills.EState the issue youre having, then listen to what everyone has to say.FInstead, keep all of your comments focused on the issue and how your team can solve it.GThis can include explaining the expectations or a

20、sking questions if you find them unclear.（2022河南模拟预测）Being thoughtful and active listeners can help us be better friends, colleagues, and family members. And just like any other skill, our listening can be improved over time. Many people share with us the little ways theyve become better listeners._

21、16_Maintain eye contact._17_ It helps you be “present” with them, and feel their emotions when they are sharing. It reduces the possibility of any distractions, and helps the other person know that you are truly present in your conversation. _18_Active listening has become even more critical while w

22、orking from home, as its so easy to talk over each other on Zoom calls. What you can gain from listening more and talking less is you actually get much more out of the conversation. Instead of focusing on what you are going to say next and not really absorbing what is being shared, keeping yourself

23、on mute forces you to only come into the conversation when you have something relevant or meaningful to share. It allows others who may be less active to participate and it cuts down on the noise. Listen without thinking of solutions. What may help you become a better listener is to stop trying to l

24、isten for the problem to fix. Your job is to listen and take in whats being said. You can ask for clarifications while you are listening if you are unsure of their meaning._19_ The point is to let them lead and dont interrupt with solutions. That may not be what they need right now. If they only nee

25、d to be heard or to find a listening ear, be that for them. Block off enough time. To be a good listener, ensure you block time off._20_ Instead, set aside 2-3 hours to ensure your friend has undivided attention. And confirm to your friend that you made time to have that long overdue talk. If you ha

26、ve a family, do it during school hours or when your partner is at home.ATake time for meditation.BIt should not be for one hour.CWhich of these tips will you try?DWhy do you think these are helpful?EPut yourself on silent mode while others are talking.FBut theres no need to fix each part of the spea

27、kers issue as they are talking.GWhile listening, youd better maintain considerable eye contact with the other person.（2022河南洛阳一模）How to Be a Good Upstairs NeighborOne must remember to be polite when living in an apartment building. You may unintentionally bother your neighbors with actions that you

28、think to be harmless. _21_ Living upstairs, you must always be aware that everything you do may be heard by those who live below. This doesnt mean that you have to completely change your lifestyle, though._22_ This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps, thus limiting the sound your downsta

29、irs neighbor will hear. You should always remember to change your shoes when entering your apartment to ensure that your downstairs neighbor doesnt hear you walking around.Place carpets in your apartment if you have hardwood floors. Doing so is another way to decrease the sound of steps coming from

30、an upstairs apartment. You can also put your furniture on these carpets. _23_Close your windows when you can. A floor is usually about three meters high, so its quite easy to hear your conversations. _24_ Therefore, whenever you are watching TV or listening to a radio, try to keep your windows close

31、d as much as possible.Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons. _25_ Doing such housework at 3:00 pm on a Saturday is much better than doing so at 9:30 on a Tuesday night.AWear slippers while in your upstairs apartment.BIt becomes much easier when your windows are open.CNo matter what you do, consider

32、 your neighbors requirements.DTherell be a time when you will run a cleaner to clean your room.EThis is especially true for those people who live above an apartment.FIt will disturb your downstairs neighbor who has to work the next morning.GThis keeps your furniture from moving around, thus limiting

33、 noise a downstairs neighbor may hear.（2022江苏南京模拟预测）What Is Good Citizenship?Good citizenship is generally defined as how a citizen performs a role to become a useful member of society. This involves duties and responsibilities that may be expressed through laws and regulations. _26_ Citizenship, in

34、 its general sense, is being part of a community. _27_ The factors toward improving lives and relationship of a community include doing volunteer work, initiating community programs, and participating in economic affairs. A good citizen is an important part of a progressive state. As covered by the

35、social contract theory, a government is established to manage interaction among citizens, define an individuals rights, enforce these rights, and make sure just compensation (补偿) is obtained when these rights are not obeyed. _28_ The purpose of this social contract is to avoid chaos in a community,

36、which is possible without good leadership. From this leadership arises good citizenship, allowing every citizen to expect others to respect for his or her legally demandable rights._29_ The most basic characteristic is the moral duty to recognize the rights of others. Another important characteristi

37、c is the ability to listen to the views of others. These views may bring about solutions to problems of the community. A good citizen is also willing to adapt to new situations. _30_ Based on these factors, good citizenship is said to be related to both the intellectual and social skills of a citize

38、n.AThere are many characteristics of good citizenship.BBeing a good citizen is important in improving the community.CApart from these characteristics, a good citizen knows and obeys the laws of the land.DIn turn, the citizens hand over to the government the powers that may limit some freedom.EThis m

39、ay also involve your behaviors expressed through the recognition of right and wrong.FAs citizens, we care about others and being good members of our communities and our country.GGood citizenship lies in the recognition that members of a community work together to improve their lives and their relati

40、onship with one another.（2021江苏模拟预测）Individuals with social intelligence can sense how other people feel, know clearly what to say in social situations and appear confident even in a larger crowd. You might think of these folks as having “people skills”, but what they truly possess is social intelli

41、gence.People who are socially intelligent display core traits (核心、特质) that help them communicate and connect with others._31_ A person who possesses social intelligence doesnt listen merely to respond but truly pays attention to what another person is saying. The other folks in the conversation walk

42、 away feeling like they were understood and that they made a connection. _32_ Someone with social intelligence understands that arguing or proving a point by making another person feel bad isnt the right thing to do. _33_ Instead, they tend to listen to him/her with an open mind even when its not an

43、 idea that they personally agree with.Some people may seem to develop social intelligence without really trying. _34_ Luckily, certain strategies, such as practicing active listening and respecting cultural differences, can help a person build social skills. Studying social situations is also an eff

44、ective way to develop social skills. Pay attention to what people are doing well and the mistakes you want to avoid. Afterward, think about what you want to do differently in the next social situation you are in._35_ If it were, there wouldnt ever be another awkward conversation at a party. However,

45、 working toward a strong social intelligence can lead to a richer life or, at least, an easier time making a few new friends.AThey are usually effective listeners.BSocial intelligence isnt easy to master.CBut others have to work to develop it.DThey dont directly reject another persons ideas.EAnd rem

46、ember that you can mess up sometimes.FDevelop your social intelligence by working on your communication skills.GLack of arguing is another important trait that people with social intelligence exhibit.（2021广西柳州一模）The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital l

47、ife skill and something that should not be overlooked._36_Here are some suggestions to make it.Be open. There needs to be a give-and-take when it comes to sharing information with one another. To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in an

48、d share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions._37_Listen actively. It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about._38_ You re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested

49、 in the other persons life.Use appropriate body language and eye contact. _39_ For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly._40_ Being open doesnt mean

50、you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings, or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each others values, goals.emotions, and limitations.AMaintain boundaries.BC

51、ommunicate politely.CThese nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings.DIts impossible to work on your communication skills.EYoure not just being quiet and letting them say their piece.FYou get to know each other through the interactive sharing.GMost people can benefit from improving their commun

52、ication skills.参考答案：1G2D3B4A5F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何恰当地道歉的方法。1由上文“Its easy to say “Im sorry”, but true apologies are a different story. (说“对不起”很容易，但真正的道歉是另一回事)”和下文“With the following tips, youll find these are not hard. (有了以下提示，你会发现这些并不难)”可知，该空应该与道歉方式有关，且涉及相关的困难，承接上下文，G选项“你可能很难找到正确的方式去进行有意义的道歉。”切题。

53、故选G项。2由上文“Apologize sincerely. A genuine apology can help repair your relationship, and even your reputationyoure showing that you can be trusted to do whats right. (真诚道歉。真诚的道歉有助于修复你们的关系，甚至是你们的声誉你们表明，你们可以信任自己做正确的事情)”可知，本段讲的是道歉要真诚，D选项“所以你必须真心实意地道歉。”与上文衔接，且呼应段落主题。故选D项。3由上文“A meaningful apology comes d

54、own to the three Rs- regret, responsibility and remedy (补救办法). Firstly, communicate your regret. Show the other person you have recognized your error and can relate to his/her pain. Then take complete responsibility. (一个有意义的道歉可以归结为3R遗憾、责任和补救。首先，表达你的遗憾。向其他人展示你已经认识到自己的错误，并且能够理解他/她的痛苦。然后承担全部责任)”可知，该空主要

55、陈述3R中的责任，空处内容应与承担责任有关，B选项“不要找借口或责怪受害者。”切题。故选B项。4空处为段落主题句。由下文“But Ive been hurt, and Id like an apology. I need you to acknowledge what youve done (但我受到了伤害，我希望得到道歉。我需要你承认你所做的一切)”可知，本段给出的建议是要求别人道歉，A选项“有必要的话，要求别人道歉。”切题。故选A项。5由上文“Most people hope for immediate forgiveness while apologizing, but that may

56、 mean you dont respect the others emotions and all you care about is yourself. (大多数人都希望在道歉时立即得到原谅，但这可能意味着你不尊重他人的情绪，你关心的只是自己)”和下文“After all, they were hurt and it would take them a while to recover. (毕竟，他们受伤了，需要一段时间才能恢复)”可知，该空内容应与正确的道歉做法有关，且涉及留给对方一定的时间来接受道歉，F选项“因此，在你道歉之后给他们一些时间，让他们从痛苦中走出来。”切题。故选F项。6A

57、7G8E9C10F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过耶鲁大学最受欢迎的一门课程，告诫人们为别人做好事可以大大提升幸福感。6根据前文“Since its launch in 2018 by Professor Laurie Santos, the course has been taken by a quarter of Yale students and more than 200,000 others in its online version.(自2018年Laurie Santos教授推出该课程以来，已有四分之一的耶鲁学生和20多万其他在线学生参加了该课程)”可知，参加心理学与美好

58、生活这门课程的人非常多，可见人们都是向往幸福的，A项“Apparently, we all have a thirst for happiness.(显然，我们都渴望幸福)”是根据前文得出的结论。故选A。7后文“We actually get more out of being more open, more social and more other-oriented (以他人为中心的) than spending money on ourselves.(事实上，比起在自己身上花钱，我们从更开放、更社交、更多为他人着想中得到的更多)”中的“other-oriented”与G项“But dat

59、a suggest the right way to treat ourselves would be to do nice things for others.(但数据表明，正确对待自己的方式是为他人做好事)”中的“to do nice things for others”在意思上呼应。故选G。8E项“And other studies show small acts of kindness can spread out.(其他研究表明，小的善举可以传播开来)”中的“small acts of kindness”与前文“Research out of Oxford University co

60、nfirms that even tiny acts of kindness can have significant effects on our happiness.(牛津大学的研究证实，即使是微小的善举也会对我们的幸福产生重大影响)”中的“tiny acts of kindness”呼应，同时也是后文“They boost mental well-being in the wider community.(它们促进了更广泛社会的精神健康)”中“They”所指代的对象。故选E。9C项“Finally, to pursue happiness, learn from mistakes.(最后

61、，为了追求幸福，从错误中学习)”中的“mistakes”与后文“Its not the mistakes that matter. Its how we deal with them.(重要的不是错误,而是我们如何应对它们)”呼应。故选C。10后文“And we can make all the bumps and bruises (磕磕碰碰) count for something.(我们可以让所有的磕磕碰碰都有意义)”在句意上是对F项“Therefore, we can save the unavoidable pain in life for whats worthwhile.(因此，我

62、们可以把生活中不可避免的痛苦留到值得的地方)”的承接。故选F。【点睛】11D12G13A14F15C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。良好的团队合作精神是一项基本技能，本文就如何提高团队合作技能提供了建议。11通读第一段，再根据下文第二、四、五段的首句“Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same pageDirect your concern toward the problem, not your teammatesFocus on the success of the group, not your personal su

63、ccess(明确团队期望，使每个人都达成共识把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功)”可知，本文首先阐述团队合作的重要性，下文中又列举了几个提高团队合作技能的方法，因此，D项“Our guide will show you how to boost your teamwork skills.(我们的指南将向您展示如何提高团队合作技能)”切题，该选项承接上文，统领下文，故选D项。12根据上一句“Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page.(明确团队期望，让每个人都站在同一个角度)”和下

64、一句“Its likely that each teammate has a different idea about whats expected of them, as well as what everyone else needs to be doing. Its essential that the team discuss these expectations and agree on one universal list of expectations that everyone will follow.(很可能每个队友对他们的期望值以及其他人需要做的事情都有不同的想法。团队必须

65、讨论这些期望，并就每个人都将遵循的普遍期望达成一致)”可知，队友之间的期望值可能不一致，团队必须就此讨论，并达成一致，因此，G项“This can include explaining the expectations or asking questions if you find them unclear(这可以包括解释期望，或者在发现不清楚时提问)”切题，该选项句意承上启下，与上下文意思连贯，故选G项。13根据下文“No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project. Take on an equal part of

66、the work, and speak up if you realize you arent doing your fair share.(没有人喜欢对项目几乎没有贡献的队友。承担同等的工作，如果你意识到自己没有尽到应有的责任，就大声说出来)”可知，本段主要阐述自己作为团队中的一员，一定要承担和其他成员同等的工作，尽到相应的责任。因此，A项“Make sure you do an equal share of the work.(确保你所做的工作是平等的)”切题，该选项句意统领下文，是本段的主题句，且该选项中的“equal share”与下文中的“fair share”相呼应。故选A项。14

67、根据上文“Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates. Dont accuse or blame anyone on your team for causing the conflict, even if you believe they did.(把你的关注点放在问题上，而不是你的队友。不要指责或责怪你的团队中的任何人导致了冲突，即使你认为他们确实造成了冲突)”可知，F项“Instead, keep all of your comments focused on the issue and how your team

68、can solve it.(相反，你的所有评论都要关注这个问题，以及你的团队如何解决这个问题)”切题，该选项句意与上文构成转折关系，进一步阐述了要把关注点放在问题上而不是你的队友。故选F项。15根据上文“Focus on the success of the group, not your personal success. When youre on a team, everyones success depends on each member working toward a common goal. (关注团队的成功，而不是个人的成功。当你在一个团队中时，每个人的成功都取决于每个成员朝

69、着一个共同的目标努力)”和下文“Keep your focus on your teams success, and your own success will follow.(专注于团队的成功，你自己的成功也会随之而来)”可知，此处强调关注团队成功的重要性，因此，C项“”Treat the teams accomplishments as a group success.(将小组的成就视为团队的成功) ”切题，该选项句意承上启下，切合文意，且选项中的“a group success”与上文中的“success of the group”相呼应，故选C项。16C17G18E19F20B【解析】

70、【导语】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了做一名好的倾听者的方法。16根据上一句“Many people share with us the little ways theyve become better listeners (许多人与我们分享他们成为更好的倾听者的小方法)”可知，好的倾听者有技巧可循，且很多人与我们分享了这些小技巧，因此，C选项“Which of these tips will you try? (你会尝试以下哪一个技巧？)”切题，引出下文详细阐述的技巧，且该选项中的“tips” 与上一句中的“ways”相呼应。故选C项。17根据本段标题“Maintain eye contact

71、(保持眼神交流)”以及下一句“It helps you be “present” with them, and feel their emotions when they are sharing. (这有助于你与他们“在场”，并在他们分享时感受他们的情绪)”可知，此处阐述了保持眼神交流有助于做一个积极体贴的倾听者，下文进一步说明保持眼神交流的重要性，因此，G选项“While listening, youd better maintain considerable eye contact with the other person. (在听的时候，你最好与对方保持大量的眼神交流)”切题，该选项中

72、的“maintain considerable eye contact”对应标题“Maintain eye contact”。故选G项。18根据下文“What you can gain from listening more and talking less is you actually get much more out of the conversationkeeping yourself on mute forces you to only come into the conversation when you have something relevant or meaningful

73、 to share (多听少说能让你从对话中收获更多保持沉默会迫使你只有在有相关或有意义的事情要分享时才进入对话)”可知，本段主要阐述当别人说话时，要保持沉默，因此，E项“Put yourself on silent mode while others are talking (当别人说话时，把自己调到静音模式) ”切题，该选项中的“silent”对应下文中的“talking less”。故选E项。19根据本段第一句“Listen without thinking of solutions. (倾听时，不要想着解决方案)”和下文中的“The point is to let them lead

74、and dont interrupt with solutions. That may not be what they need right now. If they only need to be heard or to find a listening ear, be that for them(关键是让他们发挥领导作用，不要打断他们提出解决方案。这可能不是他们现在需要的)”可知，本段主要阐述要做一个认真的倾听者，而不是解决问题的人，发挥倾诉者的领导作用，没有必要注意对方说的每一个细节。因此F选项“But theres no need to fix each part of the sp

75、eakers issue as they are talking. (但是没有必要将注意力集中于他们说的每一个细节) ”切题，与上下文逻辑一致，语意相通。故选 F项。20根据本段第一句“Block off enough time(留出足够的时间)”以及下一句“Instead, set aside 2-3 hours to ensure your friend has undivided attention (相反，留出2-3个小时来确保你的朋友全神贯注)”可知，本段介绍的是要留下充足时间去倾听，设空处下一句提出了恰当的倾听时间，因而，该空处应陈述不恰当的倾听时间，因此，B项“It should

76、 not be for one hour (这不应该为1小时) ”切题，与上下文逻辑一致。故选B项。21E22A23G24B25D【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4条如何做一个好的楼上的邻居的建议。21根据上文“You may unintentionally bother your neighbors with actions that you think to be harmless. (也许你认为无害的行为就会无意地打扰到你的邻居)”和下文“Living upstairs, you must always be aware that everything you do may b

77、e heard by those who live below. (住在楼上，你一定要一直清楚你做的所有的事情都可能会被楼下的听到)”可知，中间空格处要提出住在楼上要注意自己的行为。E选项“这对住在楼上的人来说尤其是对的。”跟上下文连贯。故选E。22根据下文“This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps(这将会大大的减少你的脚步声)”可知，这里的this指代上文的行为。A选项“在你楼上公寓里时穿拖鞋。”和下文意思一致。故选A。23根据上文“You can also put your furniture on these carpets

78、. (你还可以把你的家具放在地毯上)”可知，这里是作者建议把家具放在地毯上。G选项“这阻止你的家具乱移动，因此限制了楼下邻居可能会听到的噪音。”和上文意思一致。故选G。24根据上文“A floor is usually about three meters high, so its quite easy to hear your conversations. (一层楼一般是3米高，因此很容易就能听到你的谈话)”可知，这里是指你屋内的声音可能会被别人听到。B选项“当你的窗户开着的时候，这将会变得更加容易。”这里的it指代上文中“to hear your conversations”，和上文意思一

79、致。故选B。25根据上文“Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons. (周末下午打扫卫生)”可知，这一段是说打扫卫生的事情。D选项“你会有一个打扫卫生的时间。”和上文意思一致。故选D。26E27G28D29A30C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者从社区层面和国家层面解释了什么是好的公民身份并例举了一些好的公民身份的特征。26根据上文“This involves duties and responsibilities that may be expressed through laws and regulations.（这涉及到通过法规所表达出的职责和义务

80、。）”可知，本句主要讲公民身份的含义。而E选项“This may also involve your behaviors expressed through the recognition of right and wrong.（这也涉及通过公认的对错观而表达出来的你的行为举止。）”中“This may also involve”与前文“This involves”对应。故选E项。27根据下文“The factors toward improving lives and relationship of a community include doing volunteer work, init

81、iating community programs, and participating in economic affairs.（关于改善提高社区的生活和关系的因素包括：做志愿工作，发起社区计划和参与经济事宜。）”可知，这里主要讲怎样提高改善社区生活和关系。而G选项“Good citizenship lies in the recognition that members of a community work together to improve their lives and their relationship with one another.（好的公民身份在于认识到社区成员一起工

82、作来改善他们相互间生活和关系。）”中“ to improve their lives and their relationship with one another”与后文中“toward improving lives and relationship of a community ”对应。故选G项。28根据上文“ a government is established to manage interaction among citizens, define an individuals rights, enforce these rights, and make sure just com

83、pensation (补偿) is obtained when these rights are not obeyed（政府建立是为了管理市民面的互动交流，定义个人权利，执行这些权利并确保当这些权利不被遵守时将会获得补偿。）”可知，选项要说明公民的做法。而D选项“In turn, the citizens hand over to the government the powers that may limit some freedom.（反反过来，公民将可能限制某些自由的权力移交给政府。） these rights呼应powers。故选D项。29 根据下文“ The most basic c

84、haracteristic is the moral duty to recognize the rights of others. （最基本的特点是认可别人权利的道德职责。）”可知，这句主要在讲公民身份的基本特征。所以A选项“There are many characteristics of good citizenship.（好的公民身份有很多特征。）”切合语境，前后“characteristic”对应，与后文有总分关系。故选A项。30根据上文“There are many characteristics of good citizenship（好的公民身份有很多特征。）”以及后文“The

85、 most basic characteristic”和“nother important characteristic ”可知，前面都在讲公民身份的特征。而C选项“Apart from these characteristics, a good citizen knows and obeys the laws of the land.（除了这些特征，好的市民知道和遵守该地区的法律。）”中“part from these characteristics”由承上启下作用，切合语境。故选C项。【点睛】31A32G33D34C35F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了拥有社交智慧的人们的

86、特点。31上文“People who are socially intelligent display core traits (核心、特质) that help them communicate and connect with others.（具有社交智慧的人表现出核心特质，这些特质帮助他们沟通以及和其他人联系）”，空格处承上启下，下文“A person who possesses social intelligence doesnt listen merely to respond but truly pays attention to what another person is sa

87、ying.（一个拥有社交智慧的人不仅会倾听以回应，而且会真正关注另一个人在说什么）”说明具有社交智慧的人通常是倾听者。A项中的“effective listeners”与下文一致。故选A项。32下文“Someone with social intelligence understands that arguing or proving a point by making another person feel bad isnt the right thing to do.（具有社会智商的人明白，通过让别人感觉糟糕来辩论或证明一个观点不是正确的做法）”说明拥有社交智慧的人不会使用争论来证明观点，

88、这是他们具有的另一个特质。G项中“Lack of arguing is another important trait that people with social intelligence exhibit. (不争论是社交智者表现出的另一个重要特质)”与下文语意连贯，同时句中another important trait与前文提到的第一个特质effective listeners相照应。故选G项。33下文“Instead, they tend to listen to him/her with an open mind even when its not an idea that they

89、 personally agree with.（相反，他们倾向于以开放的心态来倾听他/她的意见即使这不是他们个人同意的想法）”，根据instead可知，说明与空格处是转折关系，“they tend to listen to him/her with an open mind”与D选项“They dont directly reject another persons ideas.”是转折关系。故选D项。34上文“Some people may seem to develop social intelligence without really trying.（有些人似乎不怎么努力就能发展社交智

90、力）”，空格处承上启下，下文“Luckily, certain strategies, such as practicing active listening and respecting cultural differences, can help a person build social skills.（幸运地是，某些策略，比如练习积极的倾听和尊重文化差异，能帮助一个人建立社交技能）”，上文讲一些人似乎不需要努力就能发展社交能力，下文则说某些策略可以帮助培养良好的社交能力，上下句有明显的对比关系，C项中“But others have to work to develop it. (但其

91、他人必须努力培养它)”表达转折关系，承上启下，符合题意。故选C项。35下文“If it were, there wouldnt ever be another awkward conversation at a party.（如果是这样的话，在聚会上就不会再有尴尬的对话了）”说明上文提出建议，F项“Develop your social intelligence by working on your communication skills. (通过提高你的沟通技巧来发展你的社交智力)”是对上文的总结并提出建议，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。36G37F38E39C40A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇

92、说明文。沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，文章介绍了几条提高沟通能力的建议。36根据上一句“The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital life skill and something that should not be overlooked.(准确、清晰和按预期传达信息的能力是一项重要的生活技能，不容忽视。)”可知，沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，结合下一句“Here are some suggestions to make it.(下面是一些建议。)”可知，

93、本文内容介绍提高沟通能力的方法，由此可知G项“大多数人都能从提高沟通技巧中获益。”符合语意，承上启下，故选G项。37根据上文“To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in and share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions.(为了亲近。人们需要向你敞开心扉。但你也必须愿意让他人参与并分享你的经历、情感和观点的细节。)”可知，应通过分享来加深亲密关系，F项“

94、通过互动分享，你们可以相互了解。”符合文意，故选F项。38根据上一句“It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about.(它涉及到与你的谈话伙伴谈论的内容。)”，以及下文“You re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested in the other persons life.(

95、你在反思他们的话，并提出你可能有的问题。倾听表明你关心他人，也表明你对他人的生活感兴趣。)”可知高效沟通，在聆听过程中也应提出自己的问题和想法，E项“你不只是保持沉默和让他们说出自己的想法。”符合文意，故选E项。39根据上一句“Use appropriate body language and eye contact. (使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流。)”可知，沟通中还应使用适当的肢体语言，结合下文“For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed

96、 arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.(例如，使用直接的眼神交流和表示开放的肢体语言，如未交叉的手臂，可以帮助理解一个人准备好并愿意公开地倾听和说话。)”可知肢体语言表达一个人的真实感受和想法，C项“这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”符合文意，故选C项。40根据下文“Being open doesnt mean you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings,

97、 or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each others values, goals.emotions, and limitations.(开放并不意味着你应该让别人无限地接触你的思想、感受或时间。你们在一起的时间、频率和时间应该有一些限制。它还可能涉及到你们对彼此的价值观、目标、情感和限制的关心程度。)”可知沟通交流也应保持一定的界限，A项“保持边界。”符合本段主旨，故选A项。