专题42 环境保护-备战2022高考英语完形填空话题分类训练（高考真题 各地模拟题）.docx

1、备战2022高考考英语完形填空话题分类训练(高考真题+各地模拟题)专题42 环境保护（2019江苏高考真题）Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species(物种) that are _1_ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to _2_ the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim wor

2、k at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their _3_. Emma, a female crane, has been in their _4_ since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was _5_ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected _6_, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had _7_ taken herself as

3、 a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She _8_ to live with male cranes, and even had a _9_ for killing some of them, which made it _10_ for her to become a mother._11_, the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they su

4、ccessfully developed a _12_ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This _13_ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be _14_, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the _1

5、5_, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. _16_, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we _17_ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the _18_: human beings

6、took it for granted that their _19_ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better _20_.1AgrowingBmigratingCcompetingDdisappearing2AbanBsaveCsplitDremove3AabortionBrecreationCreproductionDadministration4AcareBeyeCmindDstory5AfoundBchosenCraisedDseized6AbonusBconsequenceCvictoryDsacri

7、fice7AneverBalwaysCunluckilyDcheerfully8AlikedBrefusedCdecidedDhesitated9AgiftBskillCconcernDreputation10AillegalBinspiringCimportantDimpossible11AThereforeBMoreoverCHoweverDInstead12AcombinationBcollectionCstrategyDsystem13AforcedBforbadeCtaughtDenabled14AdefeatedBgratefulCassuredDtolerant15AlistBr

8、iseCagendaDdecline16AIn contrastBAfter allCBy the wayDOn the contrary17AleaveBbridgeCopenDidentify18AcourseBexcuseCanswerDreward19AbrainsBbehaviorsCservicesDprojects20AguideBtreatCexampleDcompanion（2022广东梅州一模）When the Covid-19 pandemic struck Indonesias island of Bali, tourism-the driving economic f

9、orce in the region-just about came to a halt. More than half of Balis economic profits comes from tourism which _21_ hundreds of thousands of Balinese people. Many moved back to their home villages. And with more people returning to the villages, more trash _22_. With so many people out of work，they

10、 were also going _23_. Made Janur Yasa, a restaurant owner in the town of Ubud said he wanted to find a way to help people in his community during the pandemic while also _24_ the ongoing problem of plastic pollution. So, he _25_ a program where local villagers could exchange plastic for ricea barte

11、r system that would _26_ the environment and empower the local people. Residents can turn in plastic trash they _27_ in exchange for a main food staple. In May 2020, he _28_ the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised. It was a success, and the _29_ quickly spread to other village

12、s across Bali. His non-profit，Plastic Exchange, was born. The program _30_ local neighborhood groups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrounding areas. Villages hold community exchange _31_ once a month in which residents can bring in plastic to tra

13、de in for rice. Yasa says the organization has so far helped _32_ thousands of families and collected _33_ 300 tons of plastic for recycling. “Teenagers come with a smile. Elderly people are there. Young kids come with their mothers. Thats what keeps me _34_, to see them all excited about it.” Yasa

14、said. “They were feeling powerless, and this gives them _35_.”21AimprovesBemploysCamusesDguarantees22Apiled upBused upCput upDcleaned up23AthirstyBcrazyCexhaustedDhungry24AraisingBsharingCaddressingDproducing25AstartedBquitCacceptedDsupported26ArenewBbenefitCdestroyDthreaten27AthrewBremovedCcollecte

15、dDwitnessed28AhostedBcancelledCapproachedDimpressed29AprincipleBdefinitionCknowledgeDconcept30Asets upBbrings togetherCpicks outDdepends on31ApracticesBcontestsCeventsDbeliefs32AinspireBdisturbCaffectDfeed33AhardlyBnearlyCbarelyDobviously34AgoingBpassingCrushingDrecording35AconfidenceBresponsibility

16、ChopeDrespect（2021上海黄浦二模）For the longest time, the predominant description about renewable energy featured awkward technologies, high costs, and burdensome allowance. In the _36_ of strict and far-reaching policy changes, the chances for mass adoption seemed slim. Electric vehicles (EVs) simply coul

17、dnt go the distance, and LED lights were unattractive and _37_. But now that these technologies have come of age, a new story is being written. Around the world, businesses, governments, and households are taking advantage of more cost-effective low-carbon technologies._38_ advances in information t

18、echnologies (IT), green solutions can be introduced into business operations successfully. And as public support for these technologies has grown, so have the _39_ for scaling up to a fully sustainable energy system.As in any rapid transition, a full understanding of what is happening has _40_ event

19、s. Many present energy producers find it hard to believe that their world is undergoing a revolutionary change, so they insist that their heavily polluting technologies will remain _41_ and necessary for some time to come. Journalists, too, describe the transition with a degree of _42_, because it i

20、s their job to be suspicious. And politicians and regulators are cautious to adopt a new perspective, _43_ they are already struggling to keep up with the pace of change in the energy industry. To be sure, _44_ doesnt come without setbacks, as the recent growth in energy-related greenhouse-gas (GHG)

21、 emissions shows. Yet there is no doubt that the future of energy will be _45_ different from the recent past. In fact, the _46_ is happening even faster than we think, for example, coal-fired power plants are shutting down faster than ever, and plans for new natural-gas plants are being replaced wi

22、th more cost-effective wind and solar options. And as the shift toward renewables gains good trends, it will be easier for elected officials to pursue more climate-friendly policies and regulations, thereby creating a(n) _47_ circle of change.As the green transition comes of age, it will offer solut

23、ions to all of humanitys energy needs, placing a clean, prosperous and secure low-carbon future well within reach. Yet even as we hug _48_, we must not lose sight of the fact that climate change is speeding up. With GHG emissions _49_ to rise, the future of humanity hangs in the balance. One hopes t

24、hat the shift to _50_ energy will tip the scale in our favor.36AlicenseBabsenceCapplicationDpromotion37AinvisibleBunbelievableCinevitableDunaffordable38AInstead ofBOwing toCIn case ofDAccording to39AresourcesBrevolutionsCprospectsDpriorities40Acaught up withBcompared withCtaken place ofDfallen behin

25、d41ArelevantBinferiorCsyntheticDexperimental42AmixtureBcautionCconflictDapproval43Ain caseBso thatCeven thoughDthe moment44AsignificanceBinventionChappinessDprogress45AdramaticallyBeconomicallyCindependentlyDequivalently46AinteractionBmodernizationCmotivationDtransformation47AnaturalBpotentialCposit

26、iveDoriginal48AinfluenceBoptimismCestimationDextension49AstartingBfailingCemergingDcontinuing50AsustainableBtraditionalCavailableDindustrial（2021上海模拟预测）Country diary: a chainsaw massacre in the alder woodsOn an overcast, drizzly afternoon at Durham Wildlife Trusts low Barns nature _51_ alder provide

27、d the brightest splash of color in the _52_A tree had been felled and sawn into _53_. Chainsaw wounds on this species can look like a massacre, because soon after the timber is cut, it turns a lurid shade of red, almost like blood, in stark contrast to the battleship-grey bark, _54_ those wounds, wh

28、ich briefly _55_ raw meat, fade to orange and finally to chestnut brown.When this reserve was established half a century ago, around old gravel pits (采沙场), some moisture-loving alders were planted to help _56_ a bare, windswept site. Alder wood is one of the finest sources of charcoal, and the plant

29、ation trees are old enough now to be coppiced, to produce barbecue fuel.There is also an important natural alder wood here, created by a cataclysm almost two and a half centuries ago, which led to the designation of the reserve as a site of special scientific interest.The Great Flood of 1771 _57_ We

30、ardale, washing away bridges all the way to the coast. When the water subsided, the course of the River Wear had _58_ half a mile south, and the old riverbed became what is now the reserves Long Alder Wood, the finest example of its kind in the region.When it sometimes floods, this tangle of gnarled

31、（苍劲嶙峋的） trees has a _59_ of the Florida Everglades（佛罗里达大沼泽） about it, with mossy, fallen trunks sinking back into the ooze (淤泥). Year round, there are wonderful _60_ to watch birds from an embankment level with the tree canopy. This afternoon an acrobatic flock of about 30 goldfinches（金翅雀）_61_ and c

32、hattered through the twigs, feeding on tiny seeds that fall from the woody cones.Sadly, since the mid-1990s, another_62_ has befallen this locally _63_ woodland: alder dieback disease has killed around half the mature trees. Coppicing is leading to some regeneration, though in this precious _64_ dea

33、d timber is allowed to lay where it falls, reserved for the needs of a _65_ community of fungi, invertebrates and woodpeckers, rather than back-garden burger-flippers on summer evenings.51AreserveBpreserveCconserveDdeserve52AsceneBviewCscopeDlandscape53AlogsBmaterialsCresourcesDsources54AEverlasting

34、lyBEventuallyCContinuallyDSustainably55AassembleBpresentCovercastDresemble56ArejuvenateBrevengeCreformDremain57Agone throughBgot throughCswept throughDcut through58AchangedBshiftedCreversedDrevised59AclueBplotCevidenceDhint60AopportunitiesBpossibilitiesCalternativesDprobabilities61AschemedBcrawledCb

35、ouncedDscattered62AmisfortuneBcatastropheCsetbackDadversity63AuniqueBpeculiarCespecialDparticular64AfrontierBterritoryChabitatDboundary65AvariousBversatileCmultipleDdiverse（2021四川眉山三模）Laura Stone is the founder of Sydney by Kayak (皮艇), a company that offers guided kayak tours of Sydney Harbor in Aus

36、tralia.A few years ago, Laura was paddling in the harbor when she _66_ much garbage floating in the water. Then an _67_ suddenly struck her. She decided to risk _68_ a tour program “Tourists _69_ rubbish on the water as they spend little money touring.” Her program was a big _70_, which was beyond h

37、er expectation._71_, Sydney by Kayak has ever since led four to five garbage-collecting tours every week!At the start of COVID-19, Laura assumed her _72_ would drop off. Instead, more people came and _73_ her “Clean Up Kayak” tour, making it more _74_ than ever. They now _75_ take about 441 pounds o

38、f garbage out of the harbor each week!“Were surprised that weve _76_ it,” Laura said. “Because people cant travel these days, people are _77_ to look for something to entertain them. Actually, this tour is not just good for them, but also good for the _78_.”Some people come back many times for the _

39、79_ of collecting rubbish from the harbor. Julie Greening has _80_ ten times so far and says, “While _81_ the sunshine, we can do some small things for the earth, which is so _82_. If everyone takes a little _83_ its going to be beneficial.”Laura came up with the program _84_, and it helps the earth

40、 as much as it helps participants. We hope it _85_ all over the world, making the world become a better place for us to live in.66AimaginedBnoticedCkeptDstopped67AexperienceBideaCexpectationDaction68AstartingBconfirmingClearningDdelaying69Athrow awayBfocus onCclean upDpay for70AdutyBstepCdreamDhit71

41、AHoweverBThereforeCMoreoverDInstead72AplanBjobCmethodDbusiness73AdistributedBchangedCjoinedDshared74ApopularBuniqueCexpensiveDauthentic75AfinallyBgraduallyCroutinelyDfortunately76AimprovedBsavedCmadeDrecognized77AafraidBproudCbraveDeager78AenvironmentBskillfulnessCbehaviorDfriendship79AgenerosityBsa

42、tisfactionCexplanationDappointment80AbookedBannouncedCwanderedDreturned81AfindingBspreadingCenjoyingDescaping82AvaluableBnaturalCtoughDcomplex83ArewardBtalentCpotentialDresponsibility84Aby chanceBin returnCas usualDon purpose85Apasses byBcatches onCgives outDgoes off（2021江苏新沂市第一中学一模）Some kids dream

43、of being superheroes that can save our planet from evil but believe it or not, even a small kid like YOU can help save our planet.When I was a _86_ , my mom and dad would push me in a baby jogger. We would pick up soda cans while my mom and dad ran. Before I could _87_, whenever I saw a can I would

44、point to it. It was fun picking up cans. We ran a lot miles and _88_ up many cans.When I was five, I went _89_ with my mom, dad, and a friend at Bastrop State Park. The first night we went for a bike ride. I _90_ on my dads bike. There was so much _91_ that the road did not look pretty. The second d

45、ay, when we went for a _92_ along the same road, we picked up all the cansabout one hundred of them. The road looked much _93_ when we went home.I am now too _94_ for the baby jogger. But I still pick up cans wherever we go, and my mom and dad still bring back cans from their walks. We _95_ the cans

46、 behind and inside our garage. When I was very young, we would _96_ the cans to a can cruncher in a store park. It was fun_97_ all the cans crunching(压碎), but it was untidy.Now we store the cans _98_ we get a lot of them, then we take them on our friends big truck to the recycling place. One time, I

47、 sold 410 pounds _99_. I have sold over 1, 000 pounds of cans, and I am only nine years old. I _100_ the world by making the roads, the lakes, and the trails prettier, and because all my cans are recycled.86AbabyBstudentCsonDboy87AmoveBrunCtalkDcry88ApickedBgaveClookedDtook89AcampingBshoppingCfishin

48、gDswimming90AinsistedBrodeCstoodDturned91AgrassBplasticCnoiseDwaste92AvisitBrestCwalkDproduct93AfartherBprettierCwiderDlonger94AbigBtiredCfatDdangerous95AhideBmakeCrecycleDstore96AthrowBdeliverCtakeDsend97AfeelingBkeepingChearingDpreventing98AbeforeBafterCunlessDuntil99Aright awayBat onceCright nowD

49、once again100AarrangeBloveChelpDclear（2021广西南宁二中模拟预测）Sophie, 13, won the 2019 New Zealands “Think kind” competition for student. “I_101_ a beach clean-up, because it really_102_ me that marine(海洋的) life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans.”Sophie saw_103_ on the sea floor while snorkeling(徒手潜

50、泳). “It was the first time Id seen marine life _104_ among plastics.”It was the trigger of her act. “We werent taking enough_105_. Everyone needs to do their_106_, otherwise were going to_107_our planet.”Sophie turned to media to get her_108_out and ask for volunteers at the clean-up. To her surpris

51、e, more than 200 people turned up. 200 kilograms of rubbish were_109_ that day. “It was horrible. We knew rubbish was there but we didnt realize how_110_ until we started collecting.”Once ecological(生态的)_111_had hit Sophie, it hit hard. On her l4th birthday, she decided to celebrate differently._112

52、_ holding a party creating waste, she decided to_113_ it. On her “party,” Sophie and her friends_114_ to pick up the rubbish that_115_ along the river bank near the town. “If there is one thing everyone could do, it is to _116_ after yourself,” says Sophie. “Its hard for some families to_117_plastic

53、 alternatives, but just not buying things wrapped in plastic will help.” She suggests using_118_ materials like metal straws. “When there are more_119_on the market, it will be_120_for individuals to make a change.”101AimprovedBheldCplannedDsupported102AinterestsBimpressesCpuzzlesDbothers103ArocksBc

54、reaturesCgarbageDplants104AincreasingBlivingCdyingDeating105AadviceBtimeCpatienceDaction106AfavourBpartCworkDrole107Aadjust toBdevote toClet downDput down108AmessageBstoriesCconceptDapproaches109ArecycledBburiedCsoldDcollected110AsmellyBtoughCmuchDfar111AawarenessBdisasterCimbalanceDdevelopment112AI

55、n spite ofBFor the sake ofCInstead ofDBecause of113AstoreBmakeCsortDreduce114AmanagedBexpectedCcontinuedDclaimed115AwandersBrunsCdisappearsDaccumulates116Apick upBset upCturn upDback up117AavoidBaffordCselectDprotect118AreusableBadvancedCvaluelessDinexpensive119AinventionsBsellersCoptionsDcreations1

56、20AbetterBeasierChappierDlonger（2021上海奉贤二模）As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion ions of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countries are _121_for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away the

57、ir body weight in rubbish every month.Traditional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no interest in_122_the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue (营收)they would get from selling new goods._123_, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. Thi

58、s is_124_ driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. Also, both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into

59、sustainability, which is_125_ just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the worlds leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care about environmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. an

60、d the U.K. show that they also care about _126_ energy use and reducing waste._127_, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are starting to realize that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when_128_something seems

61、 like the easiest and most convenient option.Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched _129_programs, They want io make their customers interested in _130_ their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill

62、. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, theyre promising quality and _131_ to consumers, and receiving the_132_ gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible.Enormous opportunities also_133_e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 the world produced so

63、me 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons _134_. The materials from e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum-materials that could be reused, resold, reco

64、vered, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have provided e-waste _135_programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish (翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products.121AforgivableBaccou

65、ntableCtolerableDremarkable122AalteringBlengtheningCobeyingDupsetting123AThereforeBSomehowCYetDOtherwise124ApartlyBbarelyCpreciselyDexclusively125Abridged withBsubjected toCopposed toDassociated with126AminimizingBmaintainingCstimulatingDdeserting127AOn the contraryBAbove allCFor example DIn most ca

66、ses128AmodifyingBwreckingCdumpingDrestoring129AsustainableBcompulsoryCeconomicDeducational130AinsuringBsubstitutingCconcealingDpreserving131AaccessibilityBproductivityCaffordabilityDdurability132AprofitableBemotionalCpredictableDreputational133Alie inBstand forCconsist ofDresult in134ArespectivelyBd

67、ramaticallyCevenlyDthoroughly135Atake-back.Bgive-awayCclean-upDcut-down参考答案：1D2B3C4A5C6B7A8B9D10D11C12A13D14C15D16B17B18C19A20A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。如Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。1考查动词辨析。A. growing生长；B. migrating迁移；C. competing竞争；D. d

68、isappearing消失。根据第一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。D选项正确。2考查动词辨析。A. ban禁止；B. save挽救，保护；C. split分裂；D. remove移除。前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故B选项正确。3考查名词辨析。A. abortion堕胎；B. recre

69、ation娱乐；C. reproduction繁殖；D. administration管理。上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C选项正确。4考查名词辨析。A. care照顾；B. eye眼睛；C. mind思想；D. story故事。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。5考查动词辨析。A. found发现；B. chosen选择；C. raised抚养；D. seized抓住。根据空后

70、的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故选C。6考查名词辨析。A. bonus奖金；B. consequence结果；C. victory胜利；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B选项正确。7考查副词辨析。A. never从未；B. always总是；C. unluckily不幸运地；D. cheerfully愉快地。根据下文中的“b

71、ecome deeply attached to humans.even .killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。8考查动词辨析。A. liked喜欢；B. refused拒绝；C. decided拒绝；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B选项正确。9考查名词辨析。A. gift礼物；B. skill技巧；C. concern涉及；D. reputation名声。根据even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在

72、一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而“臭名昭著”。故D选项正确。10考查形容词辨析。A. illegal非法的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. important重要的；D. impossible不可能的。Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D选项正确。11考查连接副词。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Instead反而。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C选项正确。12考查名词辨析。A. combina

73、tion结合；B. collection收集；C. strategy策略；D. system体系。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A选项正确。13考查动词辨析。A. forced强迫；B. forbade禁止；C. taught教；D. enabled使能够。Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使能够做某事”，D选项正确。14考查形容词辨析。A. defeated被打败的；B. grateful感激的；C. assured使确信；D. tolera

74、nt忍耐的。根据后文的more efforts must be made可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。15考查名词辨析。A. list清单；B. rise上升；C. agenda议程；D. decline下降。前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故D选项正确。16考查介词短语。A. In contrast相反；B. After all毕竟；C. By the way顺便问

75、一下；D. On the contrary相反地。前文提到野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故B选项正确。17考查动词辨析。A. leave离开；B. bridge搭桥，弥合；C. open开；D. identify确认。针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来弥合将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？B选项正确。18考查名词辨析。A. course课程；B. excuse借口；C. answer答案；D. reward回报。

76、前文提出一个问题：我们如何来弥合将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。C选项正确。19考查名词辨析。A. brains大脑；B. behaviors行为；C. services服务；D. projects工程。根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。A选项正确。20考查名词辨析。A. guide指导，指引；B. treat对待；C. example例子；D. companion同伴。根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的

77、“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们的新是更好的指引。故A选项正确。21B22A23D24C25A26B27C28A29D30B31C32D33B34A35C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了巴厘岛受到新冠疫情的影响，许多人失业挨饿，垃圾也到处堆积，于是餐厅老板Made Janur Yasa想出了一个“垃圾换大米”的活动，既在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时又解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，旅游业为巴厘岛提供了成千上万的就业机会。A. improves改善；B. employs使用，雇佣；C. amuses逗乐；D. guar

78、antees保证。根据上文“More than half of Balis economic profits comes from tourism which”可知，巴厘岛一半以上的经济利润来自旅游业，说明旅游业给巴厘岛的居民提供了许多就业机会，故选B。22考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着越来越多的人返回村庄，更多的垃圾堆积起来。A. piled up堆积；B. used up用完；C. put up提供；D. cleaned up清理。根据上文“And with more people returning to the villages, more trash”可知返回村庄的人多了，垃圾也就堆积

79、起来了。故选A。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多人失业，他们也在挨饿。A. thirsty口渴的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“With so many people out of work”以及后文提供食物的项目，可知人们失业在挨饿。故选D。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：乌布镇的餐馆老板Made Janur Yasa表示，他想找到一种方法，在疫情期间帮助社区的人们，同时解决持续存在的塑料污染问题。A. raising提升；B. sharing分享；C. addressing讲话，解决；D. producing产生。根据后文“

80、the ongoing problem of plastic pollution”指解决塑料污染问题，应用address。故选C。25考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A. started开始，启动；B. quit停止；C. accepted接受；D. supported支持。根据后文“a program where local villagers could exchange plastic for ricea barter system that would”指启动了一个让当地村民用塑料换大米的项目，应用s

81、tart。故选A。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他启动了一个项目，让当地村民用塑料换大米这是一个有利于环境和增强当地人民能力的易货系统。A. renew重新开始；B. benefit受益；C. destroy破坏；D. threaten威胁。根据上文“local villagers could exchange plastic for rice”可知，村民可以用塑料换大米，所以是有利于环境的，故选B。27考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民可以上交他们收集的塑料垃圾，以换取主要的主食。A. threw扔；B. removed移开；C. collected收集；D. witnessed目击。根据上文

82、“Residents can turn in plastic trash they”指上交收集的塑料垃圾。后文“and collected ”也是提示。故选C。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年5月，他在他出生和长大的村庄主持了第一次交换。A. hosted主持；B. cancelled取消；C. approached靠近；D. impressed印象深刻。根据上文“the first exchange in the village where he was born and raised”指主持第一次垃圾换大米活动，应用host。故选A。29考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一成功的概念迅速传播

83、到整个巴厘岛的其他村庄。A. principle原则；B. definition定义；C. knowledge知识；D. concept概念。结合上文“the environment and empower the local people”可知“垃圾换大米”这一想法对环境和当地人都有益，所以是成功的概念。故选D。30考查动词短语辨析。句意：该项目将当地名为Banjars的社区组织聚集在一起，从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料。A. sets up建立；B. brings together集合，聚集；C. picks out选出；D. depends on取决于。根据后文“loc

84、al neighborhood groups called Banjars that collect plastic from their homes, streets, rivers, beaches and surrounding areas”可知，当地的社区都开始从他们的家里、街道、河流、海滩和周边地区收集塑料，说明项目把这些都聚集在了一起，故选B。31考查名词词义辨析。句意：村庄每月举行一次社区交换活动，居民可以拿塑料换大米。A. practices实践；B. contests竞赛；C. events事件，活动；D. beliefs信念。根据后文“once a month”可知交换活动

85、每月一次，应用event。故选C。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A. inspire激励；B. disturb打扰；C. affect影响；D. feed喂养。根据后文“thousands of families”可知，“垃圾换大米”帮助养活了数千个家庭。故选D。33考查副词词义辨析。句意：Yasa说，到目前为止，该组织已经帮助养活了数千个家庭，并收集了近300吨塑料用于回收。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly差不多；C. barely几乎不；D. obviously显然。根据后文“300 tons

86、 of plastic for recycling”可知此处是在描述收集到的垃圾大概数量，nearly表示“差不多，将近”符合语境。故选B。34考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我前进的动力，看到他们都很兴奋。A. going前进；B. passing通过；C. rushing猛冲；D. recording记录。根据后文“to see them all excited about it”可知，Yasa看到人们对此都积极参与，感到兴奋，有了继续前进的动力，故选A。35考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们感到力不从心，而这给了他们希望。”A. confidence自信；B. responsibility责任

87、；C. hope希望；D. respect尊重。根据上文“They were feeling powerless, and this gives them”以及上文描述的项目所取得的成就可知，这一活动给了当地人生活下去的希望。故选C。36B37D38B39C40D41A42B43C44D45A46D47C48B49D50A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在当今气候变暖加剧的情况下，发展可持续能源的意义十分重大。36考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有严格和深远的政策变化的情况下，大规模采用可再生能源的机会似乎很渺茫。A. license许可证、执照；B. absence缺席、不在场；C.

88、application应用；D. promotion升职、促销。根据后文中“the chances for mass adoption seemed slim”结合句意，因为缺少严格的和深远的政策变化，大众采用可再生能源的机会也变得渺茫。故选B项。37考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电动汽车根本无法走远，而LED灯则没有吸引力，大家也负担不起。A. invisible不可见的；B. unbelievable不值得相信的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. unaffordable支付不起的。根据unattractive需要选用贬义的词汇，结合第二段中“taking advantage of

89、more cost-effective low-carbon technologies”可知这里表示负担不起。故选D项。38考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于信息技术的进步，绿色解决方案可以被成功地引入到商业运作中。A. Instead of而不是；B. Owing to由于、因为；C. In case of鉴于；D. According to根据。通过翻译语境可知，由于信息技术的进步，绿色的解决措施得以成功地被引进商业操作中。故选B项。39考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着公众对这些技术的支持增加，扩大到一个完全可持续的能源系统的前景也在增加。A. resources资源；B. revolutions决

90、心、措施；C. prospects前景；D. priorities优先权、重点。通过语境翻译可知，随着公众对于这些科技的支持上升，科技的前景规模可以上升到一个充分可持续性发展的境地。故选C项。40考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如任何快速转型一样，对正在发生的事情的充分理解已经落后于正在发生的事实的。A. caught up with赶上；B. compared with相对比；C. taken place of取代、代替；D. fallen behind落后。根据后句中“Many present energy producers find it hard to believe that their

91、 world is undergoing a revolutionary change”可知，很多人不相信我们的世界正在经历一个变革性的变化，说明 “对正在发生的事情的充分理解”落后于正在发生的事实的。故选D项。41考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多目前的能源生产者发现很难相信他们的世界正在经历一场革命性的变化，所以他们坚持认为他们的重度污染技术在未来一段时间内仍然具有相关性和必要性。A. relevant相关的、切题的；B. inferior低人一等的；C. synthetic合成的；D. experimental实验性的。由本处的“their heavily polluting technol

92、ogies will remain and necessary for some time to come”可知，重度污染技术在未来一段时间内仍然具有必要性，具有必要性说明就有相关性，是有用的。故选A项。42考查名词词义辨析。句意：记者们也在一定程度上谨慎地描述转型，因为他们的工作就是持怀疑态度。A. mixture混合物；B. caution仔细、谨慎；C. conflict冲突；D. approval赞成、通过。根据后句中“because it is their job to be suspicious”中的“suspicious”表明，记者对待此类转变的态度是谨慎的。故选B项。43考查连

93、词词义辨析。句意：而政治家和监管者则谨慎地采用新的视角，尽管他们已经在努力跟上能源行业的变化步伐。A. in case以防；B. so that以至于；C. even though即使；D. the moment一就。根据句意，政治学家和规则制定对于采取新的观点很谨慎，但是他们已经挣扎着追赶能源行业的变化节奏，前后句构成转折，用even though。故选C项。44考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以肯定的是，进步并不是没有挫折，正如最近与能源有关的温室气体排放的增长所显示的那样。A. significance重要性；B. invention发明；C. happiness快乐；D. progress进

94、步。根据上文语境和后文“the recent growth in energy-related greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions”可知，文章在讲发展可持续能源问题，这是进步的好事，但与能源有关的温室气体排放最近有增长，可推知进步并不意味着没有阻碍。故选D项。45考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，毫无疑问，能源的未来将与最近的过去有很大的不同。A. dramatically显著地；B. economically节俭地；C. independently独立地；D. equivalently同等地。根据后文“for example, coal-fired power plan

95、ts are shutting down faster than ever, and plans for new natural-gas plants are being replaced with more cost-effective wind and solar options”可知，燃煤电厂关闭的速度比以往任何时候都要快，而新建天然气电厂的计划正被更具成本效益的风能和太阳能所取代，表明能源的未来将与过去显著地不同。故选A项。46考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，转型的速度比我们想象的还要快，例如，燃煤发电厂的关闭速度比以往任何时候都快，新天然气发电厂的计划正被更具成本效益的风能和太阳能替

96、代。A. interaction互动；B. modernization现代化；C. motivation动机、激励；D. transformation转变。根据后面所给出的例子“for example, coal-fired power plants are shutting down faster than ever, and plans for new natural-gas plants are being replaced with more cost-effective wind and solar options”和“the shift”可知，用煤炭作为动力的工厂倒闭的很快，并且建

97、立天然气工厂的计划被更为节省开支的风能或者太阳能所替代，可知转变比我们想象的更为快速。故选D项。47考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且，随着向可再生能源的转变获得良好的趋势，当选官员将更容易追求更多的气候友好型政策和法规，从而创造一个积极的变化循环。A. natural自然的；B. potential潜在的；C. positive积极的；D. original起源的。由上文“And as the shift toward renewables gains good trends, it will be easier for elected officials to pursue more clim

98、ate-friendly policies and regulations”可知，向可再生能源的转变获得了很好的趋势，当政官员会追求更为环境友好型的政策和法规，都是积极的影响，这会形成一个积极的变化循环。故选C项。48考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使我们抱着乐观的态度，我们也不能忽视气候变化正在加速的事实。A. influence影响；B. optimism乐观；C. estimation估计；D. extension延伸。根据前文“the shift toward renewables gains good trends”提及的向可再生能源的转变获得了良好的态势可知，这里表示当我们拥抱乐观

99、的时候，我们不能失去对于能源变化正在加速这一事实的把握。故选B项。49考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着温室气体排放量的持续上升，人类的未来岌岌可危。A. starting开始；B. failing失败；C. emerging出现、浮现；D. continuing继续。根据前文“the recent growth in energy-related greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions”可知，随着温室气体的持续增加，人类的未来安危未决。故选D项。50考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们希望，向可持续能源的转变将有利于我们。A. sustainable可持续性的；B. traditi

100、onal传统的；C. available可得到的；D. industrial工业的。根据前文“the scaling up to a fully sustainable energy system”可推知，一个完全可持续的能源系统的前景在增加，文章主要讲向可持续能源转变，发展可持续能源问题。故选A项。51A52D53A54B55D56B57C58B59D60A61C62B63A64C65D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩，为那儿的生态做出了巨大的贡献。51考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴雨绵绵的下午，达勒姆野生

101、动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩。A. reserve保护区；B. preserve保护；C. conserve保存；D. deserve值得。根据“at Durham Wildlife Trusts low Barns nature”可知，此处是说“在达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区”，因此空格处为“保护区”， 故选A项。52考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴雨绵绵的下午，达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩。A. scene场景；B. view风景；C. scope范围；D. landscape景观。根据“alder

102、 provided the brightest splash of color in the”可知，桤木是为那儿的整个景观提供了最明亮的色彩，因此空格处为“景观”，故选D项。53考查名词词义辨析。句意：一棵树被砍倒，锯成了圆木。A. logs圆木；B. materials材料；C. resources资源；D. sources来源。根据“A tree had been felled and sawn into”可知，树被砍倒后是被锯成了圆木，故选A项。54考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色。A. Everlastingly永久地；B. Eve

103、ntually最终；C. Continually不断地；D. Sustainably可持续地。根据those wounds, which briefly _ raw meat, fade to orange and finally to chestnut brown可知，最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色，因此空格处为“最终”， 故选B项。55考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色。A. assemble组装；B. present呈现；C. overcast使沮丧；D. resemble类似，像。根据those wou

104、nds,raw meat可知，伤口是看起来像生肉，因此空格处用“类似，像”， 故选D项。56考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这个保护区在半个世纪前建立时，在古老的砾石坑周围种植了一些喜湿的桤木，以帮助弥补这片被风吹过的光秃秃的地方。A. rejuvenate使年轻； B. revenge复仇；C. reform改革；D. remain仍然。根据“some moisture-loving alders were planted to help 6 a bare, windswept site”可知，在古老的砾石坑周围种植了一些喜湿的桤木，以帮助弥补这片被风吹过的光秃秃的地方，空格处可用revenge，

105、意为“报复”， 在原文中意为对那片光秃秃的地方的报复， 故选B项。57考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：1771年的大洪水席卷了威代尔，冲走了一直延伸到海岸的桥梁。A. gone through经历；B. got through通过；C. swept through席卷；D. cut through抄近路走过。根据“washing away bridges all the way to the coast. ”可知，洪水是席卷威代尔，故选C项。58考查动词词义辨析。句意：当水位下降时，威尔河的河道向南移动了半英里，古老的河床变成了现在保护区的长桤木林，这是该地区同类中最好的例子。A. changed

106、改变；B. shifted转移；C. reversed颠倒；D. revised修改。 根据“half a mile south, and the old riverbed became what is now the reserves Long Alder Wood”可知，威尔河的河道向南移动了半英里，古老的河床变成了现在保护区的长桤木林，因此空格处为“转移”，故选B项。59考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时洪水来袭时，这些盘根错节的树木让人联想到佛罗里达的大沼泽地，长满青苔的倒下的树干沉入了淤泥中。A. clue线索；B. plot情节； C. evidence证据；D. hint暗示。根据“o

107、f the Florida Everglades（佛罗里达大沼泽） about it”可知，这些盘根错节的树木让人联想到佛罗里达的大沼泽地，因此空格处为“暗示”， 故选D项。60考查名词词义辨析。句意：全年都有绝佳的机会从树冠的堤岸观看鸟类。A. opportunities机会；B. possibilities可能性；C. alternatives可供选择的事物；D. probabilities可能性。根据“to watch birds from an embankment level with the tree canopy”可知，全年都有绝佳的机会从树冠的堤岸观看鸟类，因此空格处为“机会”

108、， 故选A项。61考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天下午，一群大约30只金翅雀在树枝间蹦蹦跳跳，叽叽喳喳地叫着，以从木质球果上掉下来的小种子为食。A. schemed计划；B. crawled爬；C. bounced蹦跳；D. scattered撒播。根据30 goldfinches（金翅雀）以及“chattered through the twigs”可知，金丝雀是一种鸟，一般是蹦跳，故选C项。62考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，自20世纪90年代中期以来，另一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地:桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木。A. misfortune不幸；B. catastrophe灾难

109、；C. setback挫折；D. adversity逆境。 根据“alder dieback disease has killed around half the mature trees”可知，桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木是一场灾难，故选B项。63考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，自20世纪90年代中期以来，另一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地:桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木。A. unique独一无二的；B. peculiar独特的；C. especial特别的；D. particular特别的。一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地，因此空格处为“独一无二的”， 故选A项。6

110、4考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管在这片珍贵的栖息地上， 死木材被允许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的各种需求，而不是满足夏天晚上后花园的肉鳍鱼的需求。A. frontier前沿；B. territory领土；C. habitat栖息地；D. boundary边界。根据though in this precious _和后文的reserved for the needs of a _community of fungi, invertebrates and woodpeckers可知，这是一片栖息地，故选C项。65考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管在这片珍贵的栖息地上， 死木材被允

111、许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的各种需求，而不是满足夏天晚上后花园的肉鳍鱼的需求。A. various各种各样的；B. versatile多才多艺的；C. multiple多样的；D. diverse多样化的。根据后面的fungi, invertebrates and woodpeckers可知，死木材被允许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的多样化的需求，因此空格处为“多样化的”， 故选D项。66B67B68A69C70D71B72D73C74A75C76C77D78A79B80D81C82A83D84A85B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Sydney

112、 by Kayak的创始人劳拉开办了一个旅游项目，游客清理水上垃圾，从而几乎不用付费。这个项目非常流行，给游客和地球都带来了好处。66考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，劳拉在港口划船时，注意到水里漂浮着很多垃圾。A. imagined想象；B. noticed注意到；C. kept保持；D. stopped停止。根据“much garbage floating in the water”可知，此处是指劳拉注意到水里漂浮着很多垃圾。故选B。67考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她突然有了一个主意。A. experience经历；B. idea主意；C. expectation期待；D. action行动

113、。根据“She decided to”可知，此处是指她有了一个主意。故选B。68考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定冒险开办一个旅游项目，“游客清理水上垃圾，这样他们在旅游上就几乎不花钱。”A. starting开始；B. confirming证实；C. learning学习；D. delaying延迟。根据“Then an idea suddenly struck her.”和“a tour program”可知，此处是指开办一个旅游项目。故选A。69考查动词短语辨析。句意：她决定冒险开办一个旅游项目，“游客清理水上垃圾，这样他们在旅游上就几乎不花钱。”A. throw away扔掉；B. foc

114、us on专注于；C. clean up清理；D. pay for赔偿。根据“Sydney by Kayak has ever since led four to five garbage-collecting tours every week”可知，此处是指游客清理水上垃圾。故选C。70考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的项目大受欢迎，这出乎她的意料。A. duty责任；B. step步骤；C. dream梦想；D. hit热门。根据“Sydney by Kayak has ever since led four to five garbage-collecting tours every week

115、”可知，她的项目大受欢迎。故选D。71考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，从那时起，Sydney by Kayak每周都会组织四到五次垃圾收集之旅！A. However但是；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover并且；D. Instead相反的是。因为项目大受欢迎，所以从那以后，Sydney by Kayak每周都会组织四到五次垃圾收集之旅。故选B。72考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新冠疫情刚开始的时候，劳拉以为她的生意会下降。A. plan计划；B. job工作；C. method方法；D. business生意。根据“would drop off”可知，此处是指劳拉以为她的生意会下降。

116、故选D。73考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，更多的人来参加她的“清理皮划艇”之旅，使它比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。A. distributed分配；B. changed改变；C. joined参加；D. shared分享。根据“Instead”可知，更多的人来参加她的“清理皮划艇”之旅。故选C。74考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，更多的人来参加她的“清理皮划艇”之旅，使它比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。A. popular受欢迎的；B. unique独特的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. authentic真正的。根据“than ever”可知，以前就很受欢迎，现在比以前更受欢迎。故选A。75考查

117、副词词义辨析。句意：他们现在每周从港口运出约441磅垃圾！A. finally最后；B. gradually渐渐地；C. routinely常规地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据“each week”可知，此处是指他们常规会每周从港口运出约441磅垃圾。故选C。76考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们很惊讶我们做到了，”劳拉说。A. improved改善；B. saved拯救；C. made做；D. recognized承认。根据前文“which was beyond her expectation”可知，此处是指她很惊讶这个项目成功了。故选C。77考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为现在人们不

118、能旅行，人们渴望寻找一些娱乐他们的东西。A. afraid害怕的；B. proud骄傲的；C. brave勇敢的；D. eager渴望的。根据“Because people cant travel these days”可知，此处是指人们渴望寻找一些娱乐他们的东西。故选D。78考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这次旅行不仅对他们有好处，而且对环境也有好处。A. environment环境；B. skillfulness娴熟；C. behavior行为；D. friendship友谊。这个项目是收集海上的垃圾，所以对环境有好处。故选A。79考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人多次回来，只为从港口收集垃圾

119、的满足感。A. generosity慷慨，大方；B. satisfaction满足；C. explanation解释；D. appointment约会。根据“we can do some small things for the earth”（我们可以为地球做一些小事）可知，此处是指从港口收集垃圾的满足感。故选B。80考查动词词义辨析。句意：朱莉格里宁已经回来十次了，她说，“在享受阳光的同时，我们可以为地球做一些小事情，这是很有价值的。如果每个人都承担一点责任，这将是有益的。”A. booked预定；B. announced宣布；C. wandered漫步；D. returned回来。根据“S

120、ome people come back many times”可知，此处是指朱莉格里宁已经回来十次了。故选D。81考查动词词义辨析。句意：朱莉格里宁已经回来十次了，她说，“在享受阳光的同时，我们可以为地球做一些小事情，这是很有价值的。如果每个人都承担一点责任，这将是有益的。” A. finding发现；B. spreading传播；C. enjoying享受；D. escaping逃跑。根据“the sunshine”可知，此处是指在游艇旅行中享受阳光。故选C。82考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朱莉格里宁已经回来十次了，她说，“在享受阳光的同时，我们可以为地球做一些小事情，这是很有价值的。如果每

121、个人都承担一点责任，这将是有益的。”A. valuable有价值的；B. natural自然的；C. tough粗糙的；D. complex复杂的。根据“we can do some small things for the earth”可知，这样的事是有价值的。故选A。83考查名词词义辨析。句意：朱莉格里宁已经回来十次了，她说，“在享受阳光的同时，我们可以为地球做一些小事情，这是很有价值的。如果每个人都承担一点责任，这将是有益的。”A. reward奖励；B. talent天赋；C. potential潜力；D. responsibility责任。根据“its going to be ben

122、eficial”可知，此处是指每个人都承担一点保护地球的责任。故选D。84考查介词短语辨析。句意：劳拉偶然想出了这个项目，它帮助了地球，也帮助了参与者。A. by chance偶然；B. in return作为回报；C. as usual像往常一样；D. on purpose故意地。根据“Then an idea suddenly struck her.”可知，劳拉偶然想出了这个项目。故选A。85考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们希望它能在全世界流行起来，让世界成为一个更适合我们居住的地方。A. passes by路过；B. catches on变得流行；C. gives out分发；D. goes

123、 off离开。根据“all over the world”可知，此处是指在全世界流行起来。故选B。86A87C88A89A90B91D92C93B94A95D96C97C98D99B100C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位少年从很小的时候起就养成了爱护环境的好习惯随时随地捡易拉罐，从而启发人们增强环保意识。86考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个婴儿的时候，我爸妈会把我放进婴儿推车里。A. baby婴儿；B. student学生；C. son儿子；D. boy男孩。根据“my mom and dad would push me in a baby jogger.”可知，当作者还是

124、幼儿的时候，父母会把他放在放进婴儿推车里，随他们去散步，沿途捡易拉罐。故选A。87考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我能说话之前，每当我看到一个易拉罐，我就会指着它。A. move移动；B. run跑；C. talk交谈；D. cry哭。根据“I would point to it”可知，作者儿时还不会说话的时候，看到易拉罐就会伸出手去指。故选C。88考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们跑了很多英里，捡了很多易拉罐。A. picked捡到；B. gave给；C. looked看；D. took带走。由上句中的“It was fun picking up cans.”提示可知，他们走了很远，捡到了许多易拉罐。故

125、选A。89考查动词词义辨析。句意：我五岁的时候，我和爸爸妈妈，还有一个朋友去巴斯多普州立公园露营。A. camping野营；B. shopping购物；C. fishing钓鱼；D. swimming游泳。根据后文中的“Bastrop State Park”以及“went for a bike ride”可知，作者和他的爸爸妈妈以及一个朋友是去野营。故选A。90考查动词词义辨析。句意：我骑我爸爸的自行车。A. insisted坚持；B. rode骑；C. stood站；D. turned变成。根据空前的“we went for a bike ride”可知，作者骑在爸爸的自行车上。故选B。91

126、考查名词词义辨析。句意：有这么多的废物，这条路看起来不漂亮。A. grass草地；B. plastic塑料；C. noise噪音；D. waste废物。由“.the road did not look pretty”可知，沿途他们看到了很多垃圾。故选D。92考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我们沿着同一条路散步时，我们捡起了所有的易拉罐大约一百个。A. visit参观；B. rest休息；C. walk行走；D. product产品。联系空后的“along the same road”可知，他们沿着昨天的路去散步。go for a walk散步。 故选C。93考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们回

127、家时，这条路看起来漂亮多了。A. farther更远的；B. prettier更漂亮的；C. wider更宽的；D. longer更长的。与前一天的“.the road did not look pretty”相比，捡过易拉罐的沿途，景色优美多了。故选B。94考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我现在太大了，不适合婴儿推车了。A. big大的；B. tired累的；C. fat胖的；D. dangerous危险的。联系空后的“for the baby jogger”可知，如今的作者已经长大了， 不能再坐婴儿推车了。故选A。95考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把罐子储存在车库里。A. hide隐藏；B. ma

128、ke制作；C. recycle循环；D. store储存。根据“behind and inside our garage”可知，这里指把捡来的易拉罐暂时储存在车库后面或里面。故选D。96考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我很小的时候，我们会把易拉罐拿到商店公园的易拉罐压缩机那里。A. throw扔；B. deliver递送；C. take带；D. send送。根据“to a can cruncher in a store park”可知， 作者把易拉罐带到公园里的一台易拉罐压缩机那里。故选C。97考查动词词义辨析。句意：听着罐头嘎吱嘎吱的声音很有趣，但很不整齐。A. feeling感觉；B. keep

129、ing保存；C. hearing听到；D. preventing阻止。联系空后的“all the cans crunching”可知，孩提时的作者认为听易拉罐被压碎的声音很好玩。故选C。98考查连接词词义辨析。句意：现在我们储存这些罐子，直到我们有很多，然后我们把它们放在我们朋友的大卡车去回收处。A. before在之前；B. after在之后；C. unless除非；D. until直到。从下文“One time, I sold 410 pounds”卖掉大批易拉罐可知，他们一直积攒捡到的易拉罐，直到数量多起来再把它们运到废品回收站。故选D。99考查短语词义辨析。句意：有一次，我一次卖了41

130、0英镑。A. right away立刻；B. at once马上；一次；C. right now立刻；D. once again再一次。联系空前的“One time”可知，表示一次卖掉410 磅易拉罐。故选B。100考查动词词义辨析。句意：我帮助这个世界，让道路、湖泊和小路变得更漂亮，因为我所有的易拉罐都被回收利用了。A. arrange安排；B. love爱；C. help帮助；D. clear清扫。作者的环保行为， 无疑有助于(help)我们拥有一个干净美丽的世界。故选C。101B102D103C104B105D106B107C108A109D110C111A112C113D114A115

131、D116A117B118A119C120B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sophie因为号召和参与清理海滩和河岸垃圾的举动赢得了2019年新西兰“善良行为思考”学生竞赛的冠军。101考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我举行了一次海滩清理活动，因为海洋生物被人类轻率的决定所伤害，这真的让我很困扰。”A. improved改进；B. held举办；C. planned计划；D. supported支持。根据下文“Sophie turned to media to get her8out and ask for volunteers at the clean-up. ”可知Sophie举行了一次

132、海滩清理活动。故选B。102考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我举行了一次海滩清理活动，因为海洋生物被人类轻率的决定所伤害，这真的让我很困扰。”A. interests使感兴趣；B. impresses给予某人深刻印象；C. puzzles使迷惑；D. bothers烦扰，打扰。根据下文“ that marine(海洋的) life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans.”可知这种现象让Sophie很困扰。故选D。103考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sophie徒手潜泳时看到海底有垃圾。A. rocks岩石；B. creatures生物；C. garbage垃

133、圾，废物；D. plants植物。根据下文“It was the first time Id seen marine life 4 among plastics,”塑料是垃圾，可知Sophie徒手潜泳时看到海底有垃圾。故选C。104考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这是我第一次看到海洋生物生活在塑料中。”A. increasing增加；B. living生活，居住；C. dying死亡，消失；D. eating吃。根据上文“that marine(海洋的) life is hurt by thoughtless decisions of humans.”可知Sophie看到海洋生物生活在塑料中。故选B

134、。105考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有采取足够的行动。A. advice建议；B. time时间；C. patience耐心；D. action行动。根据上文“It was the trigger of her act. ”可知Sophie认为没有采取足够的行动。故选D。106考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都应该尽自己的一份力，否则我们会让我们的地球失望。A. favour赞成；B. part部分；C. work工作；D. role角色。根据上文“We werent taking enough5. ”可知Sophie认为每个人都应该尽自己的一份力。短语do ones part“尽自己的职责”

135、。故选B。107考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个人都应该尽自己的一份力，否则我们会让我们的地球失望。A. adjust to调整；B. devote to致力于；C. let down使失望，放下；D. put down记下，写下，着陆。根据“otherwise”可知表示转折关系，尽自己的一份力，否则会让星球失望。故选C。108考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sophie向媒体发布了她的信息，并请求志愿者参加清理工作。A. message信息；B. stories故事；C. concept概念；D. approaches方法。根据“turned to media”可知Sophie向媒体发布了她的信息。

136、故选A。109考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天收集了200公斤垃圾。A. recycled回收；B. buried埋藏；C. sold卖；D. collected收集，收藏。根据上文“To her surprise, more than 200 people turned up.”和下文“until we started collecting.”可知那天Sophie和其他志愿者收集了200公斤垃圾。故选D。110考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们知道那里有垃圾，但直到开始收集，我们才意识到到底有多少。A. smelly有臭味的；B. tough艰苦的，困难的；C. much大量的；D. far远的。根

137、据上文“200 kilograms of rubbish”可知直到开始收集，才意识到到底有多少垃圾。故选C。111考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sophie一想起了生态意识，它就给了她沉重的打击。A. awareness意识；B. disaster灾难；C. imbalance不均衡；D. development发展。根据上文“It was the trigger of her act. ”和“ but we didnt realize”可知Sophie一想起了生态意识，它就给了她沉重的打击。故选A。112考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她不举办聚会产生浪费，而是决定减少浪费。A. In spite o

138、f尽管，不顾；B. For the sake of为了的利益；C. Instead of代替；D. Because of因为，由于。根据下文“she decided to13 it”可知Sophie用减少浪费代替了举办聚会制造浪费。故选C。113考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不举办聚会产生浪费，而是决定减少浪费。A. store储存；B. make使得，进行，制造；C. sort分类；D. reduce减少。根据“12 holding a party creating waste”可知Sophie决定减少浪费。故选D。114考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的“派对”上，Sophie和她的朋友们设法捡起

139、了城镇附近河岸上堆积的垃圾。A. managed设法；B. expected期待；C. continued继续；D. claimed声称，宣称。根据上文“200 kilograms of rubbish were9 that day.”可知这一次Sophie和她的朋友们也成功捡起了城镇附近河岸上堆积的垃圾。短语manage to do“（设法）成功做某事”。故选A。115考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的“派对”上，Sophie和她的朋友们设法捡起了城镇附近河岸上堆积的垃圾。A. wanders徘徊，漫步；B. runs跑步；C. disappears消失；D. accumulates积累。根据“

140、along the river bank near the town”可知是城镇附近河岸上堆积的垃圾。故选D。116考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Sophie说：“如果说有一件事是每个人都能做的，那就是捡起自己的垃圾。”A. pick up捡起，获得，收拾；B. set up建立；C. turn up出现，发生，开大；D. back up支持，援助。根据上文“Sophie and her friends14 to pick up the rubbish”可知Sophie说有一件事是每个人都能做的，那就是捡起自己的垃圾。故选A。117考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有些家庭很难买得起塑料替代品，但只要不

141、买塑料包装的东西就会有所帮助。”A. avoid避免；B. afford买得起，给予；C. select选举；D. protect保护。根据下文“but just not buying things wrapped in plastic will help”通过对比，可知有些家庭很难买得起塑料替代品。故选B。118考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她建议使用金属吸管等可重复使用的材料。A. reusable可再用的；B. advanced先进的，高级的；C. valueless无价值的；D. inexpensive便宜的。根据“like metal straws”可知Sophie建议使用金属吸管等可重

142、复使用的材料。故选A。119考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当市场上有更多的选择时，个人做出改变就会更容易。”A. inventions发明；B. sellers卖家，畅销货；C. options选择；D. creations创作。根据“on the market”和上文“materials like metal straws”可知是市场上有更多的选择。故选C。120考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当市场上有更多的选择时，个人做出改变就会更容易。”A. better更好的；B. easier更容易的；C. happier更快乐的；D. longer更长的。根据“for individuals to ma

143、ke a change”可知当市场上有更多的选择时，个人做出改变就会更容易。故选B。121B122B123C124A125C126A127D128C129A130D131D132D133A134A135A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了消费者每年生产大量的垃圾，造成了资源的浪费。一些企业提出可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。121考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为消费者，我们非常浪费。每年，全世界产生13亿个离子的固体废物。到2025年，这一数字预计将达到22亿。发达国家的废物占44，仅在美国，每个人每月就扔掉自己体重那么多的垃圾。A.

144、forgivable可原谅的；B. accountable负有责任的C. tolerable可容忍的；D. remarkable显著的。根据文中_1_for 44% of waste以及下文North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons_14_可知，be accountable for sth“为负责，占的比例”。故选B项。122考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统观点似乎表明，公司对延长产品的生命周期和减少从销售新商品中获得的收入这样的方法没有兴趣。A. altering更改，改变；B. lengthening

145、使延长；C. obeying遵守；D. upsetting使烦恼，使心烦意乱。文中_2_the life cycle of their products可推知，要减少浪费的问题，是增加产品的使用期限，也就是延长生命周期。故选B项。123考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的企业正在考虑如何减少消费者浪费。A. Therefore因；B. Somehow不知怎么的，以某种方式的；C. Yet然而；D. Otherwise否则。companies have no interest in_2_ the life cycle of their products and reduce the reve

146、nue (营收)they would get from selling new goods以及下文more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste可知，两句存在转折关系，yet然而，符合语境。故选C项。124考查副词词义辨析。句意：这部分原因是原材料和金属价格上涨驱动的。A. partly部分地；B. barely勉强，几乎不；C. precisely精确地；D. exclusively专门地，唯一地。由下文both consumers and companies becoming more awa

147、re of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.可知，还有另外一种驱动力，所以这是一部分的原因，故选A项。125考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在选择购买哪种产品以及从哪个品牌购买商品时，越来越多的消费者开始关注可持续性，这与他们过去一直在关注的价格和性能相反的。A. bridged with与架起桥梁，沟通；B. subjected to使服从，受管制于；C. opposed to与相反；反对；D. associated with参加；与有关；与相联系。根据下文which is _5_ jus

148、t price and performance they were concerned about in the past可推知，现在关注的与之前关注的是相反的，故选C项。126考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，对美国和英国消费者的调查表明，他们也关心减少能源使用和减少浪费。A. minimizing使减少；B. maintaining保持，维持；C. stimulating刺激，激励；D. deserting抛弃，遗弃。由they also care about_6_ energy use and reducing waste可推知，空处与reduce并列，minimize与reduce并列

149、，故选A项。127考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数情况下，消费者控制产品的变化。A. On the contrary相反；B. Above all首先，最重要的是；C. For example例如；D. In most cases在大多数情况下。根据句子可知consumers control what happens to a product可推知，多数情况下，消费者控制产品的使用。故选D项。128考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是一些公司开始意识到，将回收的重担完全放在消费者身上并不是一种有效的策略，尤其是当丢弃垃圾似乎是最简单，最方便的选择时。A. modifying调整；稍作修改；B. wr

150、ecking毁掉；C. dumping丢弃，倾倒；D. restoring交还；恢复。由上文the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month可推知，丢弃一些东西与上文throw away相对应。故选C项。129考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服装，鞋类和电子行业的一些零售商和制造商已经启动了可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。A. sustainable可持续发展的；B. compulsory强制性的；C. economic经济上的；D. educationa

151、l具有教育性的。由下文preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill以及receiving the _12_gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible可推知，公司在推行可持续发展的计划。故选A项。130考查动词词义辨析。句意：服装，鞋类和电子行业的一些零售商和制造商已经启动了可持续计划，他们希望让客户对即存的产品感兴趣，并防止仍然有价值的东西进入垃圾填埋场。A. insuring承保，投保；B. substituting用

152、替代；C. concealing隐瞒；D. preserving保存。下文preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill可推知，防止他们把有价值的东西扔掉，所以可推知是让他们对存有的东西保持兴趣。故选D项。131考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们向消费者承诺了质量和耐用性，并因其对环境友好和对社会负责的态度而赢得声誉。A. accessibility易用性；B. productivity生产力C. affordability可负担能力；D. durability耐久性。由By offering services t

153、o help expand the longevity of their products可知，延长产品的寿命，也就是产品的耐用性。故选D项。132考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们向消费者承诺了质量和耐用性，并因其对环境友好和对社会负责的态度而赢得声誉。A. profitable可盈利的；B. emotional情感的；C. predictable可预测的；D. reputational声誉良好的。由文中and receiving the _12_ gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible可推知，因为环保和

154、负责任的态度而受到了良好声誉。故选D项。133考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：电子垃圾中也蕴藏着巨大的机会。A. lie in位于，存在于；B. stand for代表，象征；C. consist of包含，包括；D. result in导致。由文中Enormous opportunities also_13_ e-waste可知，机会存在于电子垃圾中。故选A项。134考查副词词义辨析。句意：据估计，2014年全球产生了约4,200万吨的电子废物（废弃的电气和电子设备及其零件），而北美和欧洲分别占了8000万吨和1200万吨。A. respectively分别地；B. dramatically戏剧

155、的；C. evenly均匀的；D. thoroughly彻底的。由文中North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons_14_ 可知，北美洲和欧洲分别占比例多少，故选A项。135考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：过去几年中，BestBuy和Samsung等电子巨头已经提出了电子垃圾回收计划，目的是将旧电子元器件翻新为新产品。A. take-back收回；B. give-away放弃；C. clean-up清理工作；D. cut-down削减。 由下文which aim to refurbish (翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products可推知是电子垃圾回收计划，故选A项。