中考阅读理解热点话题考前冲刺集训28-备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练（中考真题 各地模拟题）.docx

1、备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)中考阅读理解热点话题考前冲刺集训28（2022山东菏泽一模）Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda in a shell (壳) made of ice. It looks like an astronaut in a space suit, showing a perfect blend (混合) of winter sports and modern technology. It waves (挥舞) its left hand to say hello. The sports helmet (头盔) h

2、elps the mascot (吉祥物) look more athletic (运动的). Its the most popular Winter Olympics design with kids and teenagers. But how did it come to us?Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen as the mascot for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics in 2019. “The International Olympic Committee (国际奥委会) found that successful masc

3、ots had to be cuddly (令人想拥抱的) and liked by 9yearold children,” said Cao Xue, the chief (首席) designer of Bing Dwen Dwen. Caos team once made three designs, and Cao asked his 9-year-old son to choose his favorite. At his first glance (一瞥), he chose Bing Dwen Dwen, which was the final mascot. According

4、 to Cao, Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen from 5,816 designs from 38 countries. The idea first came from the traditional Chinese snack, bingtanghulu the syrup (糖浆) coat later turned into the ice shell in his design. However, a simple snack cannot stand for (代表) a country by itself. Caos team then tried man

5、y plants and animals, finally going with a panda. “What can better stand for China than our national treasure (宝藏)?” said Cao. “We dont need to explain anything to have people to understand it across different cultures.” They faced a problem, though: there were already too many cartoon pandas. Caos

6、team looked at panda designs from around the world. They wanted to make sure their panda was different. For this reason, Cao decided it should be a baby panda. This is how they got Bing Dwen Dwens body shape. Its body has the same length (长度) as its head. For new ideas, the team visited the panda na

7、ture reserve (保护区) in Wolong, Sichuan. They saw that baby pandas are pigeontoed (内八字) while standing. “When we finally got Bing Dwen Dwen, our whole team was over the moon,” said Cao. “Now I cant wait to see it greet the world at the Olympics opening ceremony (开幕式).”1Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda which

8、_.Alives in Wolong, SichuanBlives in Beijing ZooCwas chosen as the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics2Choose the correct order according to the time to decide Bing Dwen Dwen as the final mascot. Searching panda designs from around the world. Caos 9-year-old son choosing Bing Dwen Dwen. Colle

9、cting 5,816 designs from 38 countries. Visiting the panda nature reserve in Wolong, Sichuan. Getting idea from the traditional Chinese snack, bingtanghulu.ABC3What does the underlined phrase “over the moon” mean in this sentence?A在月亮的上面B大失所望C欣喜若狂4What does the passage want to tell us?AWhat does the

10、mascot look like?BWho is the father of the mascot?CHow does the mascot come to us?（2022山东济南二模）When doctors and nurses are fighting COVID-19, there is also a special group making efforts. They are volunteers who provide service everywhere with all their hearts.Here is a story about a foreign voluntee

11、r, Munyaradzi Gurure. He is a 21-year-old college student from South Africa and studies in Guangxi. Although he was aware of the serious situation, he still wanted to join in the fight. So he chose to serve as a volunteer at the train station.Every day, Gurure wore a yellow hat, a white mask and an

12、orange vest (背心) and busily worked at the train station. It was dangerous for him to work there, because there were a lot of people coming and going. His family were very worried about him and hoped he could give up the job as soon as possible, but he refused. “I told my parents China has taken acti

13、on and is actually safe,” he said. Gurure worked about four hours a day. Usually he carried an 8- kilogram electric sprayer (喷雾器) to do the work in the waiting room or checked the body temperature of everyone at the entrance. He received lots of praise from passengers and was encouraged by them. “I

14、want to try my best to prevent the spread of the disease. The country has taken really good care of me during the last three years. Now its my turn.” He also added that through this experience, he saw the Chinese people were becoming more united.5Gurure works _ as a volunteer in China.Ain the parkBa

15、t the train stationCat a bus stationDin a hospital6It was dangerous for Gurure to work there because _.Ahe wasnt a doctorBhe cant help the doctorChe is from South AfricaDthere were many people coming and going7Gurures family want him to _.Astudy hardBlearn medicineCgive up his jobDtake his temperatu

16、re8Gurure works about _ hours a week.A4B8C21D289Gurure did all the following EXCEPT _.Astayed in China for about 3 yearsBcarried an 8- kilogram electric sprayer to do the workCchecked the body temperature of everyone at the entranceDagreed to leave China although he received lots of praise from pass

17、agers（2022山东济南二模）Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019. People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad fo

18、r our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you dont, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the envir

19、onment.Garbage sorting and recycling around the worldGermany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.Japan: A truck playing music comes to peoples doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them

20、 wrong, you will get a notice on your door.Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.Four kinds of garbage in ShanghaiRecyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garb

21、age includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins such as pens and towels.10What can we learn from Paragraph 1?AMany countries take Shanghai

22、s garbage-sorting policy.BMany other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.CShanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.DChina is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.11The writer gives the “battery” example to tell us _.Athe importance of

23、garbage sortingBhow to sort our garbageCwhat harmful waste isDthe difficulty of garbage sorting12If you _, you can take a free bus ride in Indonesia.Aput bottles in a machineBput garbage into different binsCget a notice on the doorDtake plastic bottles to the station13Which bin should “newspapers” g

24、o to?ABCD14Which is the best title for the passage?ASort Garbage, Save the EarthBLess Garbage, Cleaner EnvironmentCClean Shanghai, Beautiful ChinaDDifferent Countries, Different Policies（2022山东武城县教育教学研究中心一模）Scientists around the world are racing to create and test vaccines（疫苗）to help protect people

25、against the COVID-19. They are making progress, and some vaccines have been ready.There are many different ways to make vaccines. At least 115 different vaccines for the COVID-19 are being developed around the world right now. Many of them may not work or may have side effects that can be dangerous.

26、 That is why testing is very important.Before a vaccine is ever tested on humans, its first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe. Testing the vaccine on humans is done in several different periods. In Period 1, a small group of people are given small amounts of the vaccine to see if it has a

27、ny bad effects. Period 2 still tests the vaccines safety, but its mainly a test to see if the vaccine seems to work. If Period 2 goes well, the vaccine can begin Period 3. During Period 3, the vaccine is tried on a much larger group of people to see how well it works.Because of the serious and world

28、wide influence of the COVID-19, there is huge pressure to develop a working vaccine quickly. It usually takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well. However, Chinese scientists spent only about half a year to create working vaccines. And many people have got the vaccine so fa

29、r.15_ different vaccines for the COVID-19 are being developed around the world right now.ALess than 100BMore than 200CAbout 115DNo more than 716The scientists who are making vaccines are _.Ahard-working and carefulBpatient and easy-goingChumorous and curious（好奇的）Dinterested and brave17How long does

30、it take to create working vaccines in the usual way?ALess than a year.BMore than ten years.CAbout one year or one and half a year.DAbout seven years.18Which of the following is TRUE?AAll the 115 vaccines are safe for people.BThere are only three periods in testing vaccines.CWorking vaccines were cre

31、ated in about half a year in China.DOnly a few people have got the vaccine so far.19Whats the best title of the passage?AThe development of the vaccineBFight against the DiseaseCProtect People against the VirusDSerious influence of the COVID-19（2022山东平阴县教育教学研究中心二模）Some Western countries have loosene

32、d(放松) their pandemic measures. Some people wonder whether China could do the same thing. They think that Omicron the dominant variant(变异毒株) in Chinas latest COVID-19 outbreak - has become milder(轻微的).Liang Wannian, head of the National Health Commissions COVID-19 leading task force, said that for th

33、e time being, China needs to stick with the policy of continued vaccination(接种疫苗), targeted(精准的) epidemic control and dynamic zero-COVID“If there are a large number of people infected(感染的), the number of severe (危重的) cases and deaths in the population as a whole will be high, which can still cause g

34、reat harm,” Liang said.Meanwhile, China has adjusted its measures to treat new COVID-19 cases. On March 15, the National Heath Commission brought out a pilot edition (试行版本) of the ninth COVID-19 diagnosis(诊断) and treatment guidelines.Many changes have been made to lighten the load (压力) on the health

35、care system and make sure that people can lead a normal life.For example, COVID-19 antigen tests (抗原测试), which can be done at home, are now available (可获得的). Also, recovered cases can now be monitored(监测) at home for a shorter time.The new guidelines are a timely upgrade(更新), rather than just giving

36、 up on the countrys dynamic zero-COVID policy, noted China Daily.In China, the vaccination rate is not high enough to provide strong protection for the vulnerable(脆弱的), including the elderly.Living with COVID-19 is not a choice for China, said Liang. The government and the Communist Party of China a

37、lways put peoples lives first, he added.20Some Chinese people think our country will loosen the pandemic measures because _.Asome Western countries have loosened(放松) their pandemic measuresBthe pandemic has become milderCour country has adjusted its measuresDthey think the measures cause harm21What

38、is Chinas new policy toward the COVID-19 pandemic?AGiving up on the dynamic zero-COVID policy.BTaking measures to lighten the load on the healthcare system.CLocking down most of its cities.DTreating infected cases at home rather than hospitals.22What might be Liang Wannians opinion?AChina should sti

39、ck to a strict epidemic prevention policy.BChina should learn from other countries policies.CPoor monitoring caused a new wave of the pandemic.DLots of people were saved because of new policies.23Whats the meaning of the underlined word “recovered”?A康复的B取得赔偿的C可收回的D可再生的24The release(发布) of the guidel

40、ines shows that _.Athe pandemic will continue for a long timeBChinese peoples lives were lost because of the original(原来的) policyCChinas policy is more scientific than other countriesDChina treats peoples interests(利益) as important（2022河北保定一模）Open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to

41、be delivered (递送) to your homethis is how many people eat in China these days. According to the latest data (数据), about 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. Thats equal to half of the total number of Internet users in China.Which group of people is ordering food online the m

42、ost nowadays? Unsurprisingly, its mainly young people. A recent report showed that 86.3 percent of the services users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people, who are more likely (可能的) to live in small families, are the major force (力量) driving the development of the food delivery industry.Sma

43、ll families depend greatly on food delivery services. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, Chinese families have changed in size over the past decade. In 2002, only 7.7 percent of families were single-person house holds. But this number increased to 15.6 percent in 2017. The percentage of

44、 two-person families rose from 18.4 in 2002 to 27.2 in 2017. For small families, cooking is relatively (相对) more time-consuming, so ordering food online has become more popular.The improvement of Chinas food delivery services has also attracted more customers. According to Meituans report, the avera

45、ge time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2019. Many delivery platforms are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and flowers. As its services continue to improve, its likely that the food delivery industr

46、y will keep growing.25How many Chinese people are ordering food online these days?AAbout 421 million.BHalf of 421 million.CAbout 363 million.DLess than 210 million.26What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage?AThe food delivery industry has a bright future.BAll kinds of things can be de

47、livered quickly.CChinese families prefer to order food online.DFood delivery services have improved completely.27The passage is mainly about _.Aa food ordering appBthe food delivery industryCsingle-person familiesDyoung peoples eating habits（2022北京昌平二模）Colorful Experiences at the Winter Olympic Vill

48、ageThe Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has been a great success. Each player from all over the world also lived a colorful life at the Olympic village. Lets take a look at what they said about their Olympic experiences.BeccaTeam USAWe could do many things at the Olympic Village. I learned some Chinese

49、kung fu in the Chinese Medicine Culture Space. I also went shopping, played VR games and did a free haircut with my teammates.MichelleTeam GermanyI just want to show my love to the food at the Olympic dining hall. You could try different kinds of food from China, Japan, India and America. And I enjo

50、yed Chinese food very much. I also learned how to make dumplings from the volunteers. NatalieTeam Czech (捷克)My first Olympic experience was perfect though I didnt get an Olympic medal or Olympic wool flowers (绒线花). I got a gift bag on the first day at the village. There was a Bing Dwen Dwen inside.

51、I loved it so much!SummerTeam USAI have something fantastic to share. Every player had a smart bed. It was very comfortable. There was a cool cultural center. I knew a little more about Spring Festival and Chinese medicine. It was a wonderful experience. 28 Who learned some kung fu at the Olympic vi

52、llage?ABecca.BMichelle.CNatalie.DSummer.29What did Natalie get on the first day at the village?AA Shuey Rhon Rhon.BA Bing Dwen Dwen.CAn Olympic medal.DOlympic wool flowers.30What do we know about Summers Winter Olympic experience?AShe had Chinese food every day.BShe learned how to make dumplings.CSh

53、e knew more about Chinese medicine.DShe played VR games and went shopping（2022广东执信中学三模）On Nov 8, Wang Yaping, a female astronaut of Shenzhou XII mission, became Chinas first and the worlds 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences be

54、tween male and female astronauts, especially in extravehicular (舱外的) activities (EVAs). Although female astronauts may face lots of physical challenges, they have unique advantages.Understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs. Women are better in communication and languag

55、e expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Their strong communication skills and energy also cheer up the crew throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for

56、 spacewalks. “Their generally smaller size is an advantage, as women will be able to control their weight better and thus perform a wider variety of tasks,” Pang told China Daily. Women in general weigh less, eat less food, consume less oxygen, and therefore required less fuel to get into space. A t

57、aikonaut must weigh between 55 kilograms and 70 kilograms to fit in the cabin of spacecraft and consume less fuel!A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A personalized spacesuit was prepared for Wangs EVAs, which was lighter than that of the male. Designers optimized the pattern of t

58、his spacesuit in the lower limb (下肢) area to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.According to Pang, many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to space missions more quickly, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail

59、and thinking more carefully. Men are considered to perform better in short-term tasks with clear goals, while women are better in long-term tasks, according to National Geographic.Womens participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are experiencing history thanks to Wangs brav

60、ery, according to Yang.31Which of the following statements about Wang Yaping is TRUE?AShe is the first female space walker in the world.BShe is curious about the extravehicular activities.CShe performed some tasks that her male partners couldnt do.DWangs spacesuit was specially designed.32What does

61、the underlined word “optimize” mean in this passage?AMake something useful.BMake something better.CMake something colourful.DMake something cheaper.33What might be the reason why Wang Yaping was chosen to conduct EVAs?AShe faces less physical challenges.BShe has better communication skills.CShe is s

62、tronger and healthier.DShe performs better in short-term tasks.34Whats the main idea of the article?AThe challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.BThe importance of female doing extravehicular activities.CThe advantages of females doing extravehicular activities.DThe preparations for the

63、 females to carry out space mission.（2022河南新乡二模）Six hours of walking in space! On August 20, Chinese astronauts Liu Boming and Nie Haisheng did the second spacewalk of the Shenzhou XII task. They set up some equipment (设备) and lifted a camera outside the Tiangong space station.Spacewalks can be dang

64、erous. There is no air in space, of course. And its filled with harmful radiation (辐射). But the spacesuits, although they look wider and bigger, can protect astronauts.A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, Chinas Fe

65、itian spacesuits have six layers. The innermost layer (最内层) collects astronauts urine (尿液). Then there are four layers that help control the temperature and air pressure inside the suit. Spacesuits are filled with air, so they look like theyre puffed up. The sixth layer is made of special materials

66、that protect astronauts from radiation.Astronauts can walk freely because they are connected to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate. There is also a mirror on the arm. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it.The first Feit

67、ian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out Chinas first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation (代) of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can be used more often. The first generation could only be used

68、more than five times within two years while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit costs around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。35What did the two Chinese astronauts do during the second spacewalk?a. Lifted a camera.b. Set up s

69、ome equipment.c. Tested the safety of their spacesuits.AabBbcCacDabc36Whats the use of the outermost layer of a spacesuit?ATo collect astronauts urine.BTo control the inside temperature.CTo provide enough air for astronauts.DTo protect astronauts from radiation.37Which of the following can describe

70、the underlined words “puffed up”?ABCD38How long did the Chinas first spacewalk last?A19 minutes.B12 minutesC6 hours.D8 hours.39What is the purpose of the last paragraph?ATo list several famous spacewalks.BTo praise the creators of the Feitian spacesuit.CTo explain the difficulties the astronauts fac

71、e.DTo show how the Feitian spacesuit has developed.（2022广东广州市第一中学二模）Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, as they travelled around the Earth in the Tiangong space station. All members of the Shenzhou mission crew, Zhai Zhi

72、gang, Ye Guangfu and Wang Yaping, the only woman on the mission, greeted students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 pm. They showed viewers how they live and work inside the space station, which currently is made up of a core module, a spacecraft and two robotic cargo

73、 spaceships.The astronauts displayed their exercise equipment and a specially designed space suit, and conducted demonstrations on physical phenomena in microgravity, such as “disappearing buoyancy” and a “water ball”. Ye, who is on his first spaceflight, showed how he turned around his body in the

74、weightless environment. The astronauts also helped work out the problems from students during the lecture.Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event. A total of 1,420 invited students were present at “ground class venues”, with some taki

75、ng part in video chats with the crew members during the lecture.It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, or Heavenly Palace Class, Chinas first extra-terrestrial（地球外的）lecture series to popularize space science. More lectures will be held based on the countrys manned spaceflights and will also

76、 be presented by Chinese astronauts, the manned space agency said.Shi Yi, a physics teacher at the Beijing No. 101 Middle School, said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that world make students become interested in science.Wang Yihan, a fifth-grade student at the Yuxin School, said: “T

77、he astronauts experiments really intrigued and surprised me. I now have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our countrys space exploration program in the future.”Vincent Wong Wai-shing, deputy principal of Hong Kongs Pui Kiu College, said after watching the lecture that the

78、event gave Hong Kong students an opportunity to communicate with the astronauts while stimulating their interest in space and science.40What do we know about the lecture given in space?AThe lecture given by three Chinese astronauts lasted nearly an hour.BHow body is turned around in the normal envir

79、onment was shown.CThe lecture was given 400 km above the Earth in Tiangong space station.DThe astronauts showed how they live and work outside the space station.41Which of the following statements is TRUE according the article?AMore lectures have been given based on the manned spaceflights.BStudents

80、 present at “ground class venues” thought highly of the lecture.CTiangong is made up of a core module, a spacecraft and a cargo spaceship.DAll members of the Shen Zhou XIII mission crew had experienced spaceflights.42What does the underlined word “intrigued” in Paragraph 6 mean?AInterested.BConcerne

81、d.CTricked.DBored.43Which section can you read about the passage in the newspaper?AAstronauts diary.BScience Fiction.CSchool development.DSpace exploration.参考答案：1C2A3C4C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了冰墩墩的设计过程。1细节理解题。根据“Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda in a shell made of ice.”及“Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen as the mascot for t

82、he Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics in 2019.”可知熊猫“冰墩墩”被选为北京2022年冬奥会的吉祥物。故选C。2排序题。根据“According to Cao, Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen from 5,816 designs from 38 countries. The idea first came from the traditional Chinese snack, bingtanghulu . Caos team looked at panda designs from around the world. They wante

83、d to make sure their panda was different. . For new ideas, the team visited the panda nature reserve in Wolong, Sichuan.”及“Caos team once made three designs, and Cao asked his 9-year-old son to choose his favorite. At his first glance, he chose Bing Dwen Dwen, which was the final mascot.”可知正确的顺序是：收集

84、来自38个国家的5816件设计灵感来自中国传统小吃冰糖葫芦搜索世界各地的熊猫设计参观四川卧龙的熊猫自然保护区曹九岁的儿子选择了冰墩墩。故选A。3词义猜测题。根据“ When we finally got Bing Dwen Dwen, our whole team was over the moon, said Cao. Now I cant wait to see it greet the world at the Olympics opening ceremony. ”可知迫不及待想看冰墩墩在奥运会开幕式上问候全世界，由此推出当最终有了冰墩墩时团队是欣喜若狂的，over the moon意

85、为“欣喜若狂”。故选C。4主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了冰墩墩的设计过程，即“吉祥物是怎么来的？”。故选C。5B6D7C8D9D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Gurure作为志愿者抗击新冠肺炎的故事。5细节理解题。根据第二段“So he chose to serve as a volunteer at the train station.”可知，新冠疫情期间，Gurure在中国的一个火车站当志愿者。故选B。6细节理解题。根据第三段“It was dangerous for him to work there, because there were a lot of people coming and

86、going.”可知，因为每天都有很多人来来往往，在这里工作对他而言很危险。故选D。7细节理解题。根据第三段“His family were very worried about him and hoped he could give up the job as soon as possible”可知，Gurure的家人很担心他，希望他可以放弃这份工作。故选C。8细节理解题。根据“Gurure worked about four hours a day.”可知，Gurure每天工作4小时，一周应是47=28小时。故选D。9推理判断题。根据“but he refused”和“The country

87、 has taken really good care of me during the last three years. Now its my turn.”可知，虽然父母让Gurure放弃志愿工作，但他拒绝了；此外，他还积极参与抗疫工作，尽自己力量防止新冠肺炎的传播。由此推知，他并没有离开中国，D项的表述有误。故选D。10C11A12D13B14A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。10推理判断题。根据“Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July

88、 1, 2019.”和“Other cities in China will do the same soon.”可知，2019年7月1日上海开始实施垃圾分类政策，中国的其他城市不久之后也会这样做。故可推知上海是中国第一个实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。11细节理解题。根据“For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you dont, the battery will end up somewh

89、ere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.”可知，电池如果被放入有害垃圾分类箱会得到合理的回收利用，如果被扔到其他分类箱会污染环境。由此可知作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。12细节理解题。根据“People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.”可知，在印度尼西亚，人们如果把塑料瓶交给公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。故选D

90、。13细节理解题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper,”可知，纸类垃圾属于可回收垃圾，报纸属于纸类，故它属于可回收垃圾。故选B。14最佳标题题。本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。故A项“垃圾分类，拯救地球”最符合文意，是最佳标题；B、C、D项均未明确提到本文的中心垃圾分类。故选A。15C16A17D18C19A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家们都在加速研发抵御新冠病毒的疫苗，介绍了研发疫苗的过程、时间等。15细节理解题。根据“At least 115 different vaccines for the CO

91、VID-19 are being developed around the world right now”可知，目前，世界各地正在开发至少115种不同的COVID-19疫苗。故选C。16推理判断题。根据“Scientists around the world are racing to create and test vaccinesBefore a vaccine is ever tested on humans, its first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe”可知，科学家们都在竞相研制抵御新冠病毒的疫苗，并且在疫苗研发期间作

92、大量的测试以确保对人类的身体无害，因此研发疫苗的科学家是勤奋并且仔细的。故选A。17细节理解题。根据第四段“It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well”可知，开发出一种安全有效的疫苗通常需要大约七年时间。故选D。18细节理解题。根据“However, Chinese scientists spent only about half a year to create working vaccines. And many people have got the vaccine so

93、far.”可知，中国科学家仅用了大约半年的时间就研制出了有效疫苗，C项表述正确。故选C。19最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了科学家们都在加速研发抵御新冠病毒的疫苗，介绍了研发疫苗的过程、时间等，故“疫苗的研制”可作为本文标题。故选A。20B21B22A23A24D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了中国最新的防疫政策以及中国共产党始终把人民的生命放在第一位。20细节理解题。根据“They think that Omicron the dominant variant(变异毒株) in Chinas latest COVID-19 outbreak - has become milder(

94、轻微的).”可知，一些中国人认为，在中国最新的COVID-19疫情中，欧米克隆(Omicron)的主要变体已经变得温和；故选B。21细节理解题。根据“Many changes have been made to lighten the load (压力) on the healthcare system and make sure that people can lead a normal life.”可知，中国的新政策是采取措施减轻医疗系统的负担；故选B。22细节理解题。根据“Liang Wannian, head of the National Health Commissions COV

95、ID-19 leading task force, said that for the time being, China needs to stick with the policy of continued vaccination(接种疫苗), targeted(精准的) epidemic control and dynamic zero-COVID.”可知，国家卫健委新冠肺炎疫情防控工作领导小组组长梁万年表示，当前要坚持继续疫苗接种、精准防控、动态零冠；可见我们中国应该坚持严格的防疫政策；故选A。23词句猜测题。根据“Also, recovered cases can now be mo

96、nitored(监测) at home for a shorter time.”可知，因为在家里，所以是对恢复的病例进行监测，因此“recovered”意为“康复的”；故选A。24推理判断题。根据“Living with COVID-19 is not a choice for China, said Liang. The government and the Communist Party of China always put peoples lives first, he added.”可知，中国共产党始终把人民的生命放在第一位；故选D。25A26A27B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中

97、国的外卖配送行业的相关情况。25细节理解题。根据“According to the latest data (数据), about 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services.”可知，最新数据显示，约有4.21亿中国人使用在线外卖服务。故选A。26推理判断题。根据“The improvement of Chinas food delivery services has also attracted more customers.”以及“As its services continue to improve, its

98、likely that the food delivery industry will keep growing.”可知，本段主要说明中国外卖服务的改善也吸引了更多的顾客，随着其服务的不断改善，外卖行业很可能会持续增长，可推知外卖行业前景光明。故选A。27主旨大意题。根据“Open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (递送) to your homethis is how many people eat in China these days. According to the latest dat

99、a (数据), about 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. Thats equal to half of the total number of Internet users in China.”可知，本文主要讲述的是外卖行业。故选B。28A29B30C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会时各国运动员在冬奥村的丰富体验。28细节理解题。根据“Becca . I learned some Chinese kung fu in the Chinese Medicine Culture Spac

100、e.”可知Becca在奥运村学了一些功夫。故选A。29细节理解题。根据“Natalie . I got a gift bag on the first day at the village. There was a Bing Dwen Dwen inside.”可知Natalie在奥运村的第一天得到了一个冰墩墩。故选B。30细节理解题。根据“Summer . I knew a little more about Spring Festival and Chinese medicine.”可知Summer在奥运村时了解了更多关于中医的事情。故选C。31D32B33B34C【解析】【导语】本文通过

101、中国女性宇航员王亚平进行太空舱外活动，介绍女性宇航员进行太空活动的优势。31细节理解题。根据“A personalized spacesuit was prepared for Wangs EVAs, which was lighter than that of the male.”可知王的宇航服是专门设计的，D项正确。故选D。32词义猜测题。根据“to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures”可知，使太空服更适合身材苗条的宇航员，因此是优化了太空服。故选B。33推理判断题。根据“Understanding betwe

102、en astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs. Women are better in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs.”可知选择王亚平进行舱外活动的原因可能是她有更好的沟通技巧。故选B。34主旨大意题。根据“The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences between mal

103、e and female astronauts, especially in extravehicular activities (EVAs). Although female astronauts may face lots of physical challenges, they have unique advantages.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了女性宇航员进行太空舱外活动的优势，故选C。35A36D37B38A39D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了航天服在宇航员刘伯明和聂海胜完成出舱任务的过程中发挥着极其重要的作用，进而讲述了航天服的构造、功能、价值及发展过程。

104、35细节理解题。根据“They set up some equipment and lifted a camera outside the Tiangong space station.”可知两位宇航员在此次太空行走的过程中在天宫空间站外安装了一些设备和一个相机。故选A。36细节理解题。根据“The sixth layer is made of special materials that protect astronauts from radiation.”可知航天服的最外层可以保护宇航员免受辐射。故选D。37词义猜测题。根据“Spacesuits are filled with air”可

105、知航天服充满空气，所以看起来很肿胀。因此puffed up的意思是“肿胀的”。故选B。38细节理解题。根据“Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out Chinas first spacewalk for about 19 minutes.”可知第一次太空行走持续了19分钟。故选A。39推理判断题。通读最后一段后可知此段介绍了两代航天服的使用寿命上的不同，可推断是为了展示航天服的更新发展。故选D。40C41B42A43D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了中国宇航员在天宫空间站给学生们上了一个有关航空知识的课，不同学校的老师和学生对此发表了自己的看法。40细节理解题。根据“C

106、hinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, as they travelled around the Earth in the Tiangong space station.”可知，周四下午，中国宇航员在天宫空间站环绕地球飞行时，在距离地球400公里的高空为数百万学生进行了科学讲座。故选C。41推理判断题。根据“The astronauts experiments really intrigued and su

107、rprised me. I now have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our countrys space exploration program in the future.”可知，学生们对这次讲座评价很高，故选B。42词句猜测题。分析“The astronauts experiments really intrigued and surprised me. I now have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our countrys space exploration program in the future.”可知，宇航员的实验让我现在对航天有很大的兴趣，想在未来参加我国的太空探索计划。所以intrigued的意思是“引起的兴趣”，故选A。43推理判断题。本文主要讲述了中国宇航员在天宫空间站给学生们上了一个有关航空知识的课，不同学校的老师和学生对此发表了自己的看法。所以推测文章可能来自太空探索版块，故选D。