人教版必修一第4讲：Unit2English around the world-语法（学生版）.docx

1、Unit2 English around the world-语法篇_通过本节课的学习掌握直接引语变间接引语的用法（2）-请求与命令直接引语与间接引语的用法（二）直接引语是祈使句当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语要用“tell sb. (not) to do sth.”结构。The teacher said to her mother , “Please give me the book.”The teacher told her mother to give her the book.巧记：去掉引号要加to；ask，order须记住，直引若是否定式，not加在to前部。转述祈使句时，要使祈使句

2、的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell、ask、order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加not。如果祈使句中有please一词,改为间接引语时，就将please去掉。成为：told (asked, ordered, warned)someone (not) to do something结构。 He said, “Sit down, please.” 他说：“请坐。”He asked me to sit down. 他让我坐下。 The teacher said, “Dont talk in class! ” 老师说：“上课不要讲话！”The t

3、eacher told us not to talk in class!老师要我们上课不要讲话。 The captain said to his men,“Fire! ”上尉对他的士兵们说“开火！”The captain ordered his men to fire. 上尉命令他的士兵们开火！ The policeman said to the children, “Dont play football in the middle of the street.”警察对孩子们说“别在马路中间踢足球。”The policeman warned the children not to play f

4、ootball in the middle of the street.警察警告孩子们不要在马路中间踢足球。在直接引语中变间接引语中指示代词、时间状语和地点状语要有些变化指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的相应变化 见下表：直接引语间接引语指示代词this/thesethat/those时间状语nowthentodaythat daytonightthat nightthis week (month)that week (month)yesterdaythe day beforelast week (month)the week (month)beforetwo weeks (month)agotw

5、o weeks (months)beforetomorrowthe next daynext week (month)the next week (month)地点状语herethere动 词comegobringtake1.He said, “I met Mr. Smith this morning.”他说：“我今天早晨见到史密斯了。”He said that he had met Mr. Smith that morning. 他说他那天早晨见到史密斯了。2.He said, “We went to the cinema yesterday.” 他说：“我们昨天去电影院了。”He said

6、 they had gone to the cinema the day before. 他说前一天他们去电影院了。3.Lily said, “I will come back next month.” 莉莉说：“我下个月回来。”Lily said that she would go back the next month. 莉莉说她下一个月就回去。4.He said, “It is nine oclock now.”他说：“现在九点了。”He said that it was nine oclock then.他说那时九点了。5.He said, “I havent seen her tod

7、ay.”他说：“今天我没见到她。”He said that he hadnt seen her that day .他说那天他没有见到她。6.She said, “I went there yesterday.”她说：“昨天我去了那儿。”She said that she had gone there the day before.她说前一天她去了那儿。7.She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”她说：“明天我将去那儿。”She said that she would go there the next day.她说第二天她将去那儿。8. He said, “My

8、sister was here three days ago.”他说：“三天前我妹妹在这儿。”He said that his sister had been there three days before.他说三天前他妹妹在那儿。(here there; ago before)9.She said, “I will come here this evening.”她说：“今晚我将来这儿。”She said that she would go there that evening.她说那晚她将去那儿。（come go；here there；this that）以上这些变化,要根据说话的具体时间

9、和具体地点的情况而定，不可机械照搬。如果就在当地转述，here就不必改为there, come也不必改为go,如果就在当天转述，yesterday或tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。直接引语中的一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间状语连用，间接引语的一般过去时时态不变。Father said,“I am free this afternoon ”父亲说：“我今天下午有空。”Father said that he was free this afternoon. 父亲说他今天下午有空。He said, “I am going there tomorrow.”他说“我明天去那里。”He said

10、that he was going there tomorrow. 他说他明天去那里。巧记: 当直接引语为陈述句，主句为过去时，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活，时态向后退一步，状语变化按规定。She said ,”My brother doesnd want to go there.”She said that her brother didnt want to come here.例 1. -He said to his young sister, “You may come with me.”(改为间接引语) -He told his young siste

11、r that _with him.A.you may come B. you might goC. she might comeD.she might go例 2. He said, “I live here”. He said that he lived_.A. there B. here C.in there D.at there例3.Mother said that _would do all washing herself.A. she B. her C. weD.I例4(2019北京).Itrulybelieve_beautycomesfromwithin.A.thatB.where

12、C.whatD.why例5(2019天津)_IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.A.ThatB. WhichC. WhetherD. What基础演练一单项选择。( )1.（2019安徽）Ashipinharborissafe,butthatsnot_shipsarebuiltA.whatB.whomC.whyD.when( )2.( 2019重庆)Wemustfindout_Karliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.A.whenB.howC.whereD.why( )3.（2019四川）8

13、.Theexhibitiontellsus_weshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution.A.whereB.whyC.whatD.which( )4.Yesterday she told me that she had met her aunt _.A. for two yearsB. two years beforeC. two years agoD. before two years( )5.The teacher told me that the light _ faster than sound.A. travelsB. had traveledC. is

14、 travelingD. traveled( )6. She said she _ here soon.A. will goB. would comeC. will comeD. would go( )7. He asked me _ I bought the dictionary. I told him that my brother gave it to me as a present.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where( )8. He _ us to have another try.A. warnedB. hopedC. suggestedD. asked(

15、)9. Mother said that _ would do all washing herself.A. sheB. herC. I D. we( )10. “_ polite to the guests,” said my father.A. AreB. Do beC. ShouldD. Please( )11.He told me that she had met one of my old friends in the street _.A. the next dayB. the following dayC. the day beforeD. yesterday( )12. I w

16、as told that the singer _ in 1978.A. was bornB. had been bornC. had bornD. is born巩固提高二将下列句子改为间接引语。1. “Go to the front at once! ”the officer said to the soldiers._2.The teacher said to his class, “Dont waste your time!”_3.She said to her son, “Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the roo

17、m!”_4.His father said to him, “Think before you do it!”_5.The teacher said to his students, “Tell briefly in your own words how penicillin was discovered.”_一单项选择。1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the fil

18、m?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. I am a te

19、acher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke

20、 to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.一. 将直接引语变成间接引语1. He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”_ 2. She said: “He w

21、ill be busy.”_ 3. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” _ 4. She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”_ 5. The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”_ 6. The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”_ 7. The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”_ 8. The teacher said, “The earth goes rou

22、nd the sun.”_ 9. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”_ 10. The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”_ _一单项选择。( )1.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember D.whether

23、wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.( )2.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”Heasked_.A. howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howwasIgettingalongD.howIwasgettingalong( )3.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatthematteris( )4.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.

24、A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;dontdoC.toldme;dontdoD.toldme;nottodo( )5.Canyoumakesure_?A. thathewillcomeheretodayB. whenhewillcomeheretodayC. willhecomeheretodayD.whetherwillhecomeheretoday( )6.Excuseme,butcanyoutellme_?A.wherecanIgettothelibrary B. whereIcangettothelibraryC. howcanIgettothelibraryD

25、.howIcangettothelibrary( )7.Johnaskedme_tovisithisunclesfarmwithhim.A.howwouldIlikeB.ifornotwouldIlikeC.whetherIwouldlikeD. whichIwouldlike( )8.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.asked;tocloseC.toldto;closingD.saidto;pleaseclose()9.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.

26、”He_verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas( )10.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.Heaskedme_.A.hadIseenthefilm B.haveIseenthefilmC.ifIhaveseenthefilm D.whetherIhadseenthefilm二阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。For t

27、he past weeks, Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea (ROK), had been swept with anger. Tens of thousands of people 1 by candlelight with banners, saying “Mad cow drives us mad.” About 1000,000 people filled the streets to 2 the governments beef import from the United States.Several countries h

28、ad 3 imports from America following a case of mad cow disease in 2019. But in April the ROKs government agreed to continue the 4 .The protests soon grew into a 5 one against President Lee Myung-baks polices on everything from democracy to 6 reform.Last December when Lee won the election he was thoug

29、ht by people in the country as a(n) 7 leader who could save the ROK from 8 economic growth and cold ties with the United States. Since taking office, Lee opened doors for foreign companies, and reformed the teaching of English. He also became the first leader to be invited to the US presidential ret

30、reat of Camp David. The night before his visit, he agreed to lift the ban on American beef to show his eagerness to 9 ties.But this time, his people felt he had gone too far. “What he did was little different from an old Korean king offering tribute to a Chinese emperor, said Kim Spooky, who joined

31、the protest with her two children. ”Its 10 . 1. A. fought B. marched C. celebrated D. sang 2. A. protect B. support C. protest D. defend 3. A. stopped B. continued C. restricted D. controlled 4. A. exportation B. production C. importation D. sale 5. A. fiercer B. broader C. narrower D. stronger 6. A. laws B. customs C. trade D. education7. A. wise B. violent C. cruel D. aggressive8. A. steady B. proper C. healthy D. low9. A. destroy B. rebuild C. break D. value 10. A. persuasive B. controversial C. ashamed D. impressive