内蒙古包头市铁路第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（Word版附解析）.docx

1、包铁一中2023-2024学年第一学期月考试题高三英语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。笔试部分一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Tang Dynasty, which lasted from 618 to 907 AD, is o

2、ften considered as Chinas golden age. Indeed Chinese culture flourished under the Tang, and Tang poets are perhaps the best known of all Chinese literary figures.The following are four schools of Tang poetry. Take a look.Frontier Fortress Poetry (边塞诗)Gao Shi Cen Shen and Wang Changling are represent

3、atives of this poetry. It mainly describes the hardship of the battlefield, heroic spirit of defending the homeland, or homesickness of soldiers. Representative works include Over the Borcfer by Wang Changling, Song of Write Snow on Secretary Wus Return to Capital by Cen Shen, etc.Landscape Pastoral

4、 PoetryThe representatives of this school are Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. Many of its themes are mountains,clouds and hermits (隐士). Its style is simple and elegant. The representative works include Thinking of My Brothers on Mountain Climbing Day by Wang Wei, Spring Morning by Meng and so on.Romantic

5、PoetryLi Bai is a typical representative of romantic poetry, who enjoys the title of “Genius of Poetry”. To express his desire for freedom and personal value, his poetry is free and bold, with creative imagination. One of his most famous poems is A Tranquil Night, which is about homesickness, includ

6、ed in many school textbooks.Realistic PoetryDu Fu is known as the “Sage of Poetry”. His poems are in a realistic art style with strong feelings of compassion and concern for the destiny (命运) of the country. His works “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” both reflect peoples sufferings at that tim

7、e.1. Who is one of the representatives of Frontier Fortress Poetry?A. Wang Wei.B. Cen Shen.C. Li Bai.D. Du Fu.2. Which poem is written by a romantic poet?A. Spring Morning.B. Over the Border.C. A Tranquil Night.D. Thinking of My Brothers on Mountain Climbing Day.3. According to the passage, which st

8、atement is right?A. Meng Haoran is the representative of Romantic Poetry.B. The Tang Dynasty lasted from 608 to 917 AD.C. Li Bai is known as the “Sage of Poetry”.D. “Three Farewells” reflects peoples sufferings in the Tang Dynasty.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐诗的四个流派。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Frontier

9、 Fortress Poetry (边塞诗)中Gao Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives of this poetry.“高师、岑参、王长岭是这一诗派的代表人物。”由此可知，Cen Shen是边塞诗的代表人物之一。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Romantic Poetry中One of his most famous poems is A Tranquil Night, which is about homesickness, included in many school textbooks.“他最著名的一首诗是宁

10、静的夜晚，这是一首关于思乡的诗，很多学校的教科书里都有。”由此可知，A Tranquil Night这首诗是浪漫主义诗人写的。故选C。3题详解】细节理解题。根据Realistic Poetry中的His works “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” both reflect peoples sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题

11、 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第3小题，根据Realistic Poetry中的His works “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” both reflect peoples sufferings at that time.他的作品“Three Officials”和“

12、Three Farewells”都反映了当时人民的苦难。由此可知，“Three Farewells”反映了唐代人民的苦难。故选D。BVery early on in my senior year of high school, my parents carried the flame of worrying about my future college. I was willing to go to a 2-year college before going after my bachelor, s degree. This was for two reasonsto help them s

13、ave money and to make sure I major in English. However, they insisted I attend a 4-year college right off the bat.I was pushed to start searching for colleges therefore, ones that my parents approved of and that were within the range of tuition that my mom thought was acceptable. I was also limited

14、to the immediate areas, which only included New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, so I cannot apply for any colleges in one of my favorite placesNew Hampshire.Ill be honest. It got a bit tense at times with several different opinions between my parents and me, and with other family me

15、mbers or friends voicing their thoughts to my parents.In the end, I ended up applying for three schoolsSUNY Albany, SUNY New Paltz and Kutztown University in Pennsylvania. I had been to New Paltz quite often as it was only 45 minutes away from our home. And Kutztown is located in an area our family

16、often visited.I was accepted by all three, and I quickly gave up Albany. I was not impressed with the city and wasnt familiar with the area. It was between New Paltz and Kutztown. After a few weeks, I ended up settling on New Paltz because Kutztown just didnt “feel right” for me. When I was on campu

17、s, I had a feeling that this was it.Looking back now, I wish I had known more about the application process and had a little more freedom of choice about which college I could apply for. I probably would still have attended SUNY New Paltz.4. What did the authors parents think he should do?A. Choose

18、a college that could provide good jobs.B. Go to a community college to save money.C. Choose a college that he liked best.D. Go to a 4-year college directly.5. Why didnt the author choose colleges in New Hampshire?A. He didnt like the place.B. His situation didnt allow it.C. The living expenses there

19、 were too high.D. He wasnt sure whether or not he would fit in there.6. How did the author feel about his final choice?A. Embarrassed.B. Frightened.C. Satisfied.D. Worried.7. What is the best title for the text?A. How I chose my collegeB. How to apply for a collegeC. Different choices, different fut

20、ureD. The meaning of attending college【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述作者是如何选择大学的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句they insisted I attend a 4-year college right off the bat.“他们一开始就坚持要我上四年制的大学。”由此可知，父母让他直接上四年制大学。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段I was pushed to start searching for colleges therefore, ones that my

21、 parents approved of and that were within the range of tuition that my mom thought was acceptable. I was also limited to the immediate areas, which only included New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, so I cannot apply for any colleges in one of my favorite placesNew Hampshire.“因此，我被迫开

22、始寻找我父母认可的、在我母亲认为可以接受的学费范围内的大学。我也被限制在附近的地区，只包括纽约、康涅狄格、宾夕法尼亚和新泽西，所以我不能申请我最喜欢的地方之一新罕布什尔的任何大学。”由此判断出，作者没有选择新罕布什尔的大学是因为他的情况不允许这样。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling on New Paltz because Kutztown just didnt “feel right” for me. When I was on campus, I had a feeling that this was

23、 it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”。故选C。【7题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段Very early on in my senior year of high school, my parents carried the flame of worrying about my future college. I was willing to go to a 2-year college before going after my bachelor, s degree. T

24、his was for two reasonsto help them save money and to make sure I major in English. However, they insisted I attend a 4-year college right off the bat.“早在我高三的时候，我的父母就对我未来的大学生活忧心忡忡。在获得学士学位之前，我想上两年制的大学。这样做有两个原因:一是为了帮助他们省钱，二是为了确保我的专业是英语。然而，他们坚持要我马上去读四年制的大学。”以及最后一段“Looking back now, I wish I had known m

25、ore about the application process and had a little more freedom of choice about which college I could apply for.”现在回想起来，我希望我对申请过程有更多的了解，对申请哪所大学有更多的自由选择。由此可知，短文的最佳标题诶是“我是如何选择大学的。”故选A。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原

26、文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段中After a few weeks, I ended up settling on New Paltz because Kutztown just didnt “feel right” for me. When I was on campus, I had a feeling that this was it.“几周后，我最终选择了新帕尔茨，因为库茨敦对我来说“不太合适”。当我在学校的时候，我有一种就应该是这样的

27、感觉。”由此推知，者对他最后的选择是“感到满意的”感觉。故选C。CRecently, the most heated topic of “which is the right bin for my garbage” has swept China.Shanghai is among China s first cities to introduce garbage classification (垃圾分类) and also the countrys most serious in its performing. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents ha

28、ve been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines. Individuals, including tourists, can be fined 200 yuan for failing to sort their waste properly, while companies and institutions can be fined up to 50,000 yuan.The government has set up online apps to

29、handle sorting questions, and announced guidelines to address the “one-size-fits-all” method. The country is about to invest over 21 billion yuan in the construction of garbage processing facilities to meet demands. Now its introducing artificial intelligence into its waste management system, by set

30、ting up little cameras in many sets of bins.However, not every face can be recognized by the smart dustbin until you register for the system. Once registration is complete, users will scan a QR code on the bin, which then opens it up to allow for garbage disposal (处理). Now, each household gets one s

31、pecial QR code for throwing out waste. Here, the intelligent bins dont just calculate garbage weight, they also help residents gain rewards by collecting points through the special app.China is stepping into the age of compulsory garbage sorting with its cities revising laws on garbage classificatio

32、n. For Shanghai, sixty percent of the city is expected to carry out garbage sorting by the end of 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage sorting is, without doubt, a costly but worthwhile endeavor. It is good for the environment and important for the countrys sustainable development (可持续发展), and may

33、finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.8. What is the correct order in using smart garbage sorting system? Gain rewards. Open up the bin Register for the system. Scan a QR code on the bin.A. B. C. D. 9. What does the underlined word “endeavor” in the last paragraph mean?A. Effort.B. Fas

34、hion.C. Announcement.D. Decision.10. What can we know from the text?A. The intelligent bins can only show garbage weight.B. Residents have to sort garbage into four different categories in Shanghai.C. If companies forget to sort their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.D. Tourists can avoid being fin

35、ed for failing to sort their waste correctly.11. Why does our country push ahead with compulsory garbage sorting?A To build a garbage sorting system.B. To increase the use of artificial intelligence.C. To promote sustainable development of environment.D. To support the construction of garbage proces

36、sing facilities.【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近，最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段However, not every face can be recognized by the smart dustbin until you register for the system. Once registration is complete, users will scan a QR code o

37、n the bin, which then opens it up to allow for garbage disposal (处理). Now, each household gets one special QR code for throwing out waste. Here, the intelligent bins dont just calculate garbage weight, they also help residents gain rewards by collecting points through the special app.“然而，并不是每一张脸都能被智

38、能垃圾桶识别，直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后，用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码，然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在，每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里，智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量，还可以通过这款特殊的应用，帮助居民通过积分获得奖励。”由此可知，使用智能垃圾分类系统的正确顺序是A项 。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中For Shanghai, sixty percent of the city is expected to carry out garbage sorting by the end of 2019, and 90 percent by 2020.在上海，预计

39、到2019年底，60%的城市将进行垃圾分类，到2020年，这一比例将达到90%。和It is good for the environment and important for the countrys sustainable development (可持续发展), and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知，Garbage sorting is, without doubt, a costly but worthwhile

40、endeavor.（毫无疑问，垃圾分类是一项成本高昂但值得努力的工作。）中的划线词的意思是“努力”。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines.“自2019年7月1日起，上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类，否则将面临罚款。”由此可知，在上海，居民必须把垃圾分成四类。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is

41、good for the environment and important for the countrys sustainable development (可持续发展), and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.“它对环境有好处，对国家的可持续发展也很重要，最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此判断出，我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。故选C。D(The New York Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology(生理学) or medi

42、cine was jointly awarded to three scientists William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability. The Nobel Assembly announced the prize at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm on Monday.Their work established the genetic

43、 mechanisms(机制) that allow cells to respond to changes in oxygen levels. The findings have implications(启示) for treating a variety of diseases.Why did they win?“Oxygen is the lifeblood of living organisms(生物体),” said Dr. George Daley, dean of Harvard Medical School. “Without oxygen, cells cant survi

44、ve.” But too much or too little oxygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried to answer this question: How do cells regulate their responses?The investigators uncovered detailed genetic responses to changing oxygen levels that allow cells in the bodies of humans and other animals to sense and re

45、spond to fluctuations(波动), increasing and decreasing how much oxygen they receive.Why is the work important?The discoveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that control such things as adaptation to high altitudes and how cancer cells manage to hijack(攫取) oxygen. Randall Johnson, a member of the Nobel

46、 Assembly, described the work as a “textbook discovery” and said it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education.“This is a basic aspect of how a cell works, and I think from that standpoint alone its a very exciting thing.” Johnson said.The research

47、 also has implications for treating various diseases in which oxygen is in short supply including anemia, heart attacks and strokes as well as for treatment of cancers that are fed by and seek out oxygen.12. This research has won the Nobel Prize mainly because _.A. there was no research of this kind

48、 in the pastB. oxygen is the lifeblood of living thingsC. it has uncovered how cells sense and respond to changes in oxygen levelsD. various diseases will be cured with the help of the findings of the research13. We can learn from the passage that _.A. The Nobel Prize was awarded to a physiologist o

49、n Monday in Sweden.B. Cancer cells manage to hijack oxygen and need oxygen to develop.C. The more oxygen there is in blood, the healthier a living body will be.D. The genetic mechanisms have been found that allow oxygen to adapt to cells.14. Which of the following can best explain the underlined wor

50、d in the text?A. used for textbooksB. powerful and authoritativeC. typical as a perfect exampleD. basic and clear15. In which part of The New York Times can you find this article?A. EntertainmentB. CultureC. TechnologyD. Science【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学

51、家，他们发现了细胞如何感知并适应氧气变化的含量。这是一项具有开创性的发现，为抗击贫血、癌症和许多其他疾病的新策略铺平了道路。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.（以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应的适应性方面所做的工作。）可知这项研究之所以获得诺贝尔奖，主要是因为它揭示了细胞如何感知和响应氧气水平的变化。故选C。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中The discoveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that contr

52、ol such things as adaptation to high altitudes and how cancer cells manage to hijack(攫取) oxygen.（这些发现揭示了细胞机制，这些机制控制着对高海拔环境的适应，以及癌细胞是如何攫取氧气的。）我们可以从文章中得知癌细胞设法攫取氧气并需要氧气来发育。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education它将是学生在最基础的生物教

53、育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Johnson称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段(The New York Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza for their work on how cells s

54、ense and adapt to oxygen availability.（(纽约时报10月7日报道)2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合授予了三位科学家William G. Kaelin Jr.、Peter J. Ratcliffe和Gregg L. Semenza，以表彰他们在细胞感知和适应氧气供应方面所做的工作。）以及文章的主要内容围绕他们的发现，可知你可以在纽约时报的科学版上找到这篇文章。故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或thats to say，such as

55、等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义

56、、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，根据下文it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education它将是学生在最基础的生物教育阶段就开始学习的东西，可知Randall Johnson称这项研究是很典型的发现，是“教科书式的发现”。故可知划线单词意思为“典型的”，故选C。第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether you

57、volunteer at an animal shelter or in a hospital, volunteering is a wonderful opportunity to bring good into the world and support your community. There are a lot of different volunteer opportunities. _16_ Here are some tips on how to be an even better volunteer.Volunteer for something you love. _17_

58、 If your passion is helping those with cancer, volunteer to raise money for research. If youre passionate about improving the environment, volunteer to pick up trash in public places. Your passion will keep you motivated, so put your effort into something you treasure._18_ You are probably not best

59、suited for directing traffic if you are shy. Be respectful to those organizers, but let them know your strengths and show them how your strengths can be beneficial in your volunteer work. Find the balance that brings your talents to the table and really helps the organization.Be on time. This is a s

60、imple but important idea. Think about being late for your work; your boss, coworkers and customers would be upset. The same applies to volunteering. _19_Mix your volunteer jobs. If you become bored, it may be time for a schedule change in your life. _20_ It is volunteering, so you arent stuck in one

61、 place.A. Offer what you can do best.B. Ask whats expected of volunteers.C. So if such a thing does happen, just call and let them know.D. It doesnt matter what it is, but it does matter what you like.E. Therefore, everyone can find a volunteering opportunity that suits their skills and interests.F.

62、 However, you will volunteer longer in an organization that supports a cause you care about.G. Volunteer on different days or ask for different tasks to see what other opportunities are out there.【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。【16题详解】根据上文提示“有很多不同的志愿者机会。”再根据下文提示“

63、这里有一些如何成为更好的志愿者的建议。”承接上下文，E项Therefore, everyone can find a volunteering opportunity that suits their skills and interests.（因此，每个人都可以找到一个适合自己技能和兴趣的志愿者机会。）切题。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文提示“自愿做你喜欢的事情。”承接上文，D项It doesnt matter what it is, but it does matter what you like.（是什么并不重要，重要的是你喜欢什么。）切题。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文提示“如果你害羞

64、，你可能不太适合指挥交通。要尊重这些组织者，但也要让他们知道你的长处，并向他们展示你的长处在志愿者工作中的益处。找到一种平衡，既能发挥你的才能，又能真正帮助公司。”承接下文，A项 Offer what you can do best.（提供你能做到最好的。）【19题详解】根据上文提示“想想看，你上班迟到了;你的老板、同事和客户会不高兴。这同样适用于志愿活动。”承接上文，C项So if such a thing does happen, just call and let them know.（所以如果真的发生了这样的事情，打电话让他们知道就好了。）切题。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文提示“如果

65、你觉得无聊了，可能是时候改变一下你的生活了。”再根据下文提示“这是志愿者活动，所以你不会被困在一个地方。”承接上下文，G项Volunteer on different days or ask for different tasks to see what other opportunities are out there.（在不同的日子做志愿者，或者要求完成不同的任务，看看还有什么其他的机会。）切题。故选G。二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A

66、beautiful indoor potted plant has been with us for a long time. It has _21_ us through tough years and good times. Some days I thought it might live forever, but it _22_.The plant did well for about twenty years, but then began to _23_. We watered it. We fed it. We _24_ talked to it. But leaves and

67、branches became lower each day. We finally picked a few half-dead branches and _25_ them in a small pot. One new small plant grew strong and healthy. But the _26_ finally died. When we _27_ it out, we could see why its _28_ had grown so massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened to _29_ the sides of the

68、 pot that held them in.People, too, often _30_ they have outgrown their environment, when they are committed to personal growth and development and when they make the kinds of _31_ in their lives that lead to greater achievement and happiness.I know of a man who was offered a job at a salary _32_ th

69、an he had ever made in his life. But after careful _33_, he refused the position. His would-be employer was amazed that he _34_ the offer. “Whats the matter?” he asked. “Isnt the salary big enough?”“The salary is fine,” the man said. “Its the job that, s not big enough.”At one time he could have _35

70、_ done the work and enjoyed the money. But he knew the job would not _36_ him and held eventually become _37_. He had outgrown the job that was offered.Personal development needs a changing _38_ in which to live. People seek bigger challenges. Their views _39_. Their interests change. And they need

71、people in their lives who will make room for their _40_.21. A. directedB. accompaniedC. followedD. disappointed22. A. diedB. survivedC. improvedD. developed23. A. foldB. fadeC. spreadD. delay24. A. evenB. justC. onlyD. never25. A. removedB. destroyedC. plantedD. studied26. A. similarB. familiarC. pr

72、eciousD. original27. A. carriedB. gaveC. dugD. handed28. A. leavesB. branchesC. skinsD. roots29. A. moveB. burstC. rollD. jump30. A. predictB. complainC. discoverD. understand31. A. changesB. effortsC. mistakesD. comments32. A. slowerB. fasterC. lowerD. higher33. A. imaginationB. considerationC. dis

73、cussionD. persuasion34. A. put forwardB. tried outC. turned downD. held back35. A. silentlyB. secretlyC. cautiouslyD. happily36. A. challengeB. entertainC. embarrassD. frighten37. A. dissatisfiedB. disturbedC. dishonestD. disrespectful38. A. backgroundB. environmentC. methodD. atmosphere39. A. disap

74、pearB. explodeC. expandD. gather40. A. interestB. fortuneC. healthD. growth【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过盆栽的故事，启迪人们“个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境。”人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福

75、时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它陪伴我们度过了艰难的岁月和美好的时光。A. directed指导；B. accompanied陪伴；C. followed跟随；D. disappointed使失望。根据第1空后的through tough years and good times可知，美丽的室内盆栽陪伴我们。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我以为它会永远活着，但它死了。A. died死亡；B. survived 幸存；C. improved 提高；D. developed发展。根据第2空前的I thought it might liv

76、e forever和but可知，室内盆栽“死了”。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种植物生长得很好，大约有20年了，但后来开始凋谢。A. fold 折叠；B. fade凋谢，褪色；C. spread传播；D. delay拖延。根据第2空后的Some days I thought it might live forever, but it died.可知，此处指花在死之前开始“凋谢”。故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至和它交谈过。A. even甚至；B. just 只是；C. only仅仅；D. never从来没有。根据第4空后的talked to it可知，

77、“甚至”和盆栽谈话。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最后摘了几根半死的树枝，把它们种植到一个小花盆里。A. removed去掉，转移；B. destroyed破坏，摧毁；C. planted种植；D. studied学习。根据第5空前后的picked a few half-dead branches和them in a small pot可知，把树枝“种植”在花盆里。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但原来的最终还是死了。A. similar相似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. precious珍贵的；D. original原始的，新颖的。根据第1句A b

78、eautiful indoor potted plant has been with us for a long time和finally died可知，“原来要死的盆栽”植物死了。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把把它们夹在里面的花盆的边缘都撑破了。A. carried搬运；B. gave 给；C. dug挖；D. handed递给。根据下文we could see why its 8had grown so massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened to 9 th

79、e sides of the pot that held them in.此处指把死的植物“挖出来”，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. leaves树叶；B. branches分支；C. skins皮肤；D. roots根。根据第8空后的grown so massive以及常识可知，挖出来的一定是植物的根。所以这里指植物的“根”是如此的大。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们把它挖出来的时候，我们可以看到为什么它的根长得如此之大，以至于它们几乎要把支撑

80、着它们的花盆边缘都撑破了。A. move移动；B. burst爆裂；C. roll滚动；D. jump跳跃。根据第9空前的grown so massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened可知，根把花盆的边“撑破”。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. predict 预测；B. complain 抱怨；C. discover发现；D. understand明白，理解。根据第10空后的they have outgrow

81、n their environment可知，这是指人们的“发现”。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. efforts努力；C. mistakes错误；D. comments评论。根据下文Personal development needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认识一个人，他得到了一份薪水比他一生中所得到的都要高的工作。 A. slower更慢的；B.

82、 faster更快的；C. lower更低的；D. higher更高的。根据第14空后的“Isnt the salary big enough?”可知，此处指薪水“高的”工作。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是经过仔细考虑，他拒绝了这个职位。A. imagination想象；B. consideration考虑；C. discussion谈论；D. persuasion说服。根据第13空前后的内容careful和he refused the position可知，经过仔细“考虑”拒绝了这个职位。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：他的潜在雇主对他拒绝这份工作感到惊讶。

83、A. put forward提出；B. tried out尝试；C. turned down拒绝，调低；D. held back抑制，隐瞒。根据上文he refused the position可知，潜在雇主对“拒绝”感到惊讶。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他曾经可以愉快地工作，享受这笔钱。A. silently 沉默地；B. secretly秘密地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. happily高兴地。根据第15空后的done the work and enjoyed the money可知，此处指“高兴地”工作。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他知道

84、这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. challenge挑战；B. entertain娱乐；C. embarrass使尴尬；D. frighten使害怕。此处指工作对他不构成“挑战”。故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以他最终变得不满意。A. dissatisfied不满意的；B. disturbed扰乱的；C. dishonest 不诚实的；D. disrespectful无礼的。根据前文可知，他知道这份工作不会对他构成挑战，所以最终他对这份工作“不满意”。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人发展需要一个不断变化

85、的生活环境。A. background 背景；B. environment环境；C. method方法；D. atmosphere气氛。根据上文they have outgrown their environment.可知，此处指生活“环境”。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的视野开阔了。A. disappear消失；B. explode爆炸；C. expand扩张；D. gather聚集。根据前文可知，个人发展需要一个不断变化的生活环境，所以他们的视野开阔了。故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活中需要有人为他们的成长腾出空间。A. interest 兴趣

86、；B. fortune运气；C. health 健康；D. growth成长。根据前文personal growth此处指他们的“成长”。故选D。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第11小题，句意：人们也常常发现，当他们致力于个人成长和发展时，当他们在生活中做出各种改变以获得更大的成就和更大的幸福时，他们已经超越了他们所处的环境。A. changes 变化；B. efforts努力；C. mistakes错误；D.

87、comments评论。根据下文Personal development needs a changing此处指各种“变化”。故选A。第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Its 6 a. m. The ring is _41_ (early) than usual because the smart clock scanned your schedule in the morning and adjusted according to _42_. Your shower automatically turns

88、on and warms to your preferred 103F. The electric car is ready _43_ (go), charged by the solar panels or wind turbines on your roof. When you get home later, there is an unexpected package waiting for you, _44_ (deliver) by drone (无人机). You open it and find cold medicine. It turns out that the healt

89、h sensors in your bathroom have detected signs of an _45_ (ill) that is approaching and placed an order automatically.Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 million American homes will _46_ (regard) as “smart” by 2022, with everything from Internet-connected light bulbs _47_ cameras that let us

90、spy on our pets from the office. A decade from now, experts say, we _48_ (move) from turning the lights on and off with our voices to total immersion (沉浸) in the Internet of Things. Thanks to advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest homes will be able to _49_ (true) learn about their ow

91、ners and even their needs. Developments in robotics will give us machines _50_ offer a helping hand with cleaning, cooking and more.【答案】41. earlier 42. it 43. to go 44. delivered 45. illness 46. be regarded 47. to 48. will move 49. truly 50. that/which【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300

92、万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。【41题详解】考查比较级。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。根据than可知此处用比较级，故填earlier。【42题详解】考查it用法。句意：铃声比平时要早，因为智能时钟在早上扫描你的时间表，并根据它进行调整。此处用it指代前面的schedule。故填it。【43题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：电动汽车已经准备好了，由你屋顶上的太阳能电池板或风力涡轮机充电。固定搭配：be ready to do sth.“准备做某事”。故填to go。【44题详解】考查过去分词做后置定语

93、。句意：当你回家晚了，有一个意想不到的包裹等着你，由无人机送货。此处package和deliver之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：原来，你浴室里的健康传感器已经检测到疾病的迹象，并自动下订单。根据不定冠词an可知该空用名词形式，所给词ill是形容词，其名词形式是illness。故填illness。【46题详解】考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。句子主语American homes和r

94、egard之间是一种被动关系，是一般将来时态的被动语态。故填be regarded。【47题详解】考查介词。句意：瑞典研究公司Berg Insight表示，到2022年，6300万美国家庭将被视为“智能”家庭，从联网灯泡到让我们在办公室监视宠物的摄像头，应有尽有。固定搭配：fromto “从到”。故填to。【48题详解】考查一般将来时态。句意：专家表示，10年后，我们将从开灯和关灯的声音转向完全沉浸在物联网中。根据A decade from now可知句子用一般将来时态。故填will move。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：由于人工智能的发展，最智能的家庭将能够真正了解他们的主人，甚至他们的需

95、求。此处learn是动词，由副词修饰，故填truly。【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意：机器人技术的发展将为我们提供在清洁、烹饪等方面提供帮助的机器。此处machines是先行词，指物，放在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。三、写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节：短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并

96、在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you dont use pet

97、rol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.【答案】1. gre

98、atly great 2. lives live 3. 在because后加of 4. Whether If 或Whether When5. they you6. cause causing7. 去掉have后的been8. what which9. were are10. bicycle bicycles【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。分析句式结构可知，需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。 2.考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家

99、和骑自行车的人。分析句式结构可知，此处是关系代词who引导的定语从句，先行词people是集合名词，所以从句中谓语动词用复数形式。故将lives改为live。3.考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。分析句式结构可知，because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候/如果你骑自行车，你是不用汽油的。分析句意可

100、知，该句是一个时间状语从句或条件状语从句，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。7.考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。分析句式结构可知，主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系，应用主

101、动语态。故去掉have后的been。8.考查定语从句引导词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。9.考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。10.考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。【点睛】第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演

102、讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：1菜品介绍；2制作过程。注意：1写作词数应为100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Distinguished guests,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Distinguished guests,Im Li Hua. Its my great honor to introduce a famous Chinese cuisine to you, dumplings.As a simple but tasty food, dumplings enjoy dramatic popularity in China, d

103、emonstrating the essence of Chinese cuisines. Moreover, presented in most festive situations, dumplings have become a symbol of family reunion.To make dumplings, dough is firstly needed to wrap delicious stuffing. Then, the moon-shaped dumplings are ready to be boiled, steamed, or fried, which are o

104、ften served with vinegar.If you are a food enthusiastic, Chinese dumplings are well worth a try.Thanks for your attention.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。【详解】1.美味的：tastydelicious此外：moreoverfurthermore准备好的：be ready tobe prepared to爱好者：enthusiastfancier2.句式拓展简单句变复

105、合句原句：As a simple but tasty food, dumplings enjoy dramatic popularity in China, demonstrating the essence of Chinese cuisines.拓展句：As a simple but tasty food, dumplings enjoy dramatic popularity in China, which demonstrates the essence of Chinese cuisines.【点睛】【高分句型1】As a simple but tasty food, dumplings enjoy dramatic popularity in China, demonstrating the essence of Chinese cuisines.（运用了现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】Then, the moon-shaped dumplings are ready to be boiled, steamed, or fried, which are often served with vinegar.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）