北京导游词六大景点英文导游词天安门.docx

1、北京导游词六大景点英文导游词天安门北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词天安门北京导游词TiananmenRstrumTiananmen(theGatefHeavenlyPeace),islcatedinthecenterfBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGatefHeavenlySuccessin).AttheendftheMingDynasty,itwasseriuslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTiananmen,andserve

2、dasthemainentrancettheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersfrcurtfficialsandretainers.ThesuthernsectinsftheImperialCitywallstillstandnbthsidesftheGate.Thetweratthetpfthegateisnine-rmwideandfivermdeep.AccrdingttheBkfChanges,thetwnumbersnineandfive,whencmbined,symblizethesupremestatusfa

3、svereign.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tiananmenwastheplacewherestateceremniestkplace.Themstimprtantnefthemwastheissuingfimperialedicts,whichfllwedthesesteps：1)TheMinisterfRiteswuldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallfSupremeHarmny),wheretheEmperrwashldinghiscurt.Theministerwuldthencarrythedecreenayunpan

4、(trayfclud),andwithdrawfrmthehallviaTaihemen(GatefsupremeHarmny)2)TheMinisterwuldputthetrayinaminiaturelngting(dragnpavilin).BeneathayellwumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate),tTiananmenGatetwer.3)Acurtierwuldbeinvestedtprclaimtheedict.Thecivilandmilitaryfficialsliningbthsidesfthegatewaybeneathth

5、etwerwuldprstratethemselvesinthedirectinftheemperrinwaitingfrthedecreettheprclaimed.4)Thecurtierwuldthenputtheedictinaphenix-shapedwdenbxandlweritfrmthetwerbymeansfasilkcrd.ThedcumentwuldfinallybecarriedinasimilartrayfcludunderayellwumbrellattheMinistryfRites.5)Theedict,cpiednyellwpaper,wuldbemadekn

6、wntthewhlecuntry.Suchaprcesswashistricallyrecrdedas“ImperialEdictIssuedbyGldenPhenix”.DuringtheMingandQingdynastiesTiananmenwasthemstimprtantpassage.ItwasthisgatethattheEmperrandhisretinuewuldgthrughntheirwaytthealtarsfrritualandreligiusactivities.OntheWestsidefTiananmenstandsZhngshanPark(Dr.SunYat-

7、sensPark),andntheeastside,theWrkingPeplesCulturalPalave.TheParkwasfrmerlycalledShejitan(AltarfLandandGrain),builtin1420frfferingsacrificialitemsttheGdfLand.Itwaspenedtthepublicasaparkin1914anditsnamewaschangedin1928tthepresentneinmemryfthegreatpineerftheChineseDemcraticRevlutin.TheWrkingPeplesCultur

8、alPalaceusedtbeTaimia(theSupremeAncestralTemple),wheretabletsfthedeceaseddynasticrulerswerekept.ThestreaminfrntfTiananmeniscalledWaijinshuihe(OuterGldenRiver),withsevenmarblebridgesspanningverit.Ofthesesevenbridges,histricalrecrdssaythemiddlenewasfrtheexclusiveuseftheemperrandwasaccrdinglycalledYulu

9、qia(ImperialBridge).ThebridgesflankingitneithersideweremeantfrthemembersftheryalfamilyandweretherefrecalledWanggngqia(RyalsBridges).FartherawayneachsidefthetwwerebridgesfrfficialsrankingabvethethirdrderandwerenamedPinjiqia(ministerialBridges).Theremainingtwbridgeswerefrtheusebytheretinuebelwthethird

10、rderandwrecalledGngshengqia(cmmnBridges).TheyanrtheneinfrntftheSupremeAncestralTemplettheeastandtheneinfrntftheAltarflandandGraintthewest.ThetwstnelinsbytheGatefTiananmen,neneachsideweremeantassentries.Theygazetwardthemiddleaxis,guardingtheemperrswalkway.InfrntfthegatestandsapairfmarbleclumnscalledH

11、uabia.Theyareelabratelycutinbas-relieffllwingthepatternfalegendarydragn.Behindthegatestandsantherpairfsimilarclumns.ThestryfHuabiamaybetracedtacuplefsurces.OneftheversinsaccreditsitsinventintneftheChinesesagekingsnamedYa,whwassaidthavesetupawdenpillarinrdertallwtherdinarypepletexpseevil-ders,henceit

12、wasriginallycalledaslanderpillar.Lateritwsreducedtasignpst,andnwitservesasanrnament.Thebeastsittingnthetpftheclumniscalled”hu”,alegendaryanimal,whichissaidthavebeenawatcherfanemperrsbehaviur.Hewasdingsuchdutiesaswarningtheemperragainststayingtlngutsidethepalacerindulginginpleasureandurginghimtgtthep

13、eplefrtheircmplaintsrreturninduetime.Therefre,thetwpairsfbeastsweregiventhenames”Wangjunhui”(Expectingtheemperrscmingback)and“wangjunchu”(Expectingtheemperrsgingut)respectinvely.Inthelddays,Tiananmen,asapartftheImperialCity,wasmeantfrimprtantccasins.Thetwrwsfchafang(antechamber),nthesidesbehindthema

14、ingate,wrereservedfrcivilandmilitarymembersfthegvernmentwaitingfrimperialaudienceandinfrntfthegate,werefficesfimperialadministratin.OnOctber1,1949,chairmanMaZedngprclaimednTiananmenRstrumthefundingfthePeplesRepublicfChina.SincethenTiananmenhasbeenthesymblfNewChinea.ChairmanMasprtraitishungabvethecen

15、tralentrance,flankedbytwslgans：”LngLivetheGreatUnityfthePeplesftheWrld”.Tday,thesplendurfTiananmenattractsmillinfvisitrsfrmallverthewrld.TheRstrumnitstpwaspenedin1988tthepublicfrthefirsttimeinitshistry.ItffersapanramicviewftheSquareandthecityprper.TiananmenSquareSituatedduesuthfTiananmen,theSquareha

16、sanareaf44hectares(109acres)thatcanaccmmdateasmanyasnemillinpeplefrpublicgatherings.IthaswitnessedmayhistricaleventsinChinasmdernhistryandisaplacefrcelebratinsnsuchfestivedaysasinternatinalLaburDaynMay1standnatinalDaynOctber1st.ArundtheSquareareseveralfamusbuildings：1TheGreatHallfthePepleThisisnefth

17、elargestcngressinalbuildingsinthewrld.Builtin1959,thehallcnsistsfthreeparts：a10,000-seatauditriuminthecenter,abanquethallinthenrthwingfacingChanganStreet,withaseatingcapacityf5,000,andfficesfrtheStandingCmmitteeftheNatinalPeplesCngressfChinainthesuth.Inadditin,thirty-furreceptinchambersarenamedafter

18、variusprvinces,autnmusreginsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundetheCentralGvernment,plusHngKngandMaca.Eachisdifferentfrmthetherindecratinandfurnishingststresstheirlcalfeatures.2TheMuseumfChineseHistryandtheMuseumftheChineseRevlutinThesetwmuseumswerealsbuiltin1959.themuseumfChineseHistryhusesapermanentexhib

19、itininfurparts,cveringtheentireprcessfChinesehistryspanningfrm1.7millinyearsagt1919：1)ThePrimitiveSciety(1.7millinyearsagtthe21stcenturyBC);2)TheSlaveSciety(21stcenturyBCt476BC.);3)TheFeudalSciety(475BC.T1840AD.);4)TheSemi-ClnialandSemi-FedualSciety(1840t1919.)TheMuseumftheChineseRevlutincverstheper

20、idfrm1919t1949.3TheMnumenttthePeplesHeresthemnumentwasbuiltinmemryfthusandsfmartyrswhdiedfrtherevlutinarycauseftheChinesepeple.ItscnstructinbegannAugust1,1952andwasntcmpleteduntil1958.inthefrmfanbelisk,theMnumentasmadefmrethan17,000piecesftraniteandwhitemarble.ThepurplepieceinlaidinthefrntftheMnumen

21、twasbrughtfrmQingda,ShandngPrvince.Itis38meters(124ft8in)high,thelftiestfitskindeverseeninthecuntry.Ntnlyisitanhistricmemrialfrimmrtalheres,butalsitisanartisticwrkfexcellentarchitecturalvalue.OnthefrntsideftheMnumentisanengravedinscriptininChinesecharacterswrittenbyChairmanMaZedng,whichreads”Eternal

22、GlrytthePeplesHeres!”.OnthebackftheMnumentisanarticlewrittenbyChairmanMa,butinChinesecalligraphybythelatePremierZhuEnlai.AtthetpftheMnumentareeightgiganticcarvedwreathesfsuchflwersaspeny,ltusandchrysanthemum,symblizingnbility,purity,andfrtitude.AtthebasefthemnumentareeightmarblereliefsdepictingtheCh

23、inesehistriceventssince1840.Theyare：1)TheBurningfOpiumin1840：2)Theuprisingf1851inJintian,Guangxi;3)TheRevlutinf1911;4)TheMayFurthMvementf1919;5)TheMay30thMvementf1925;6)TheUprisingf1927inNanchang,Jiangxi;7)TheWarfResistanceagainstJapaneseAggressinfrm1937t1945;8)TheVictriusCrssingvertheYangtzeRiverby

24、thePeplessLiberatinArmyin1949.Thisreliefisflankedbytwsmallernes“SupplyingtheFrnt”and“GreetingtheP.L.A.”.4ChairmanMasMausleumChairmanMaZedng,thefunderfthePeplesPepublicfChina,passedawaynSepember9,1976.Incmmemratinfthisgreatman,amausleumbegantbecnstructedinNvember1976,andwascmpletesinAugustthefllwingy

25、ear.TheMausleumwasfficiallypenednSeptember9,1977.Themausleumissurrundedbyfurgrupsfsculpture.EastfthenrthernentranceisthesculpturedepictingtheperidftheNewDemcraticRevlutin(1919-1949),andwestfitisthenesignifyingthegreatachievementsftheChinesepepleduringtheperidfslcialistrevlutinandcnstructinsince1949.

26、Thesculpturesinfrntfthesutherngatearefiguresfwrkers,peasantssldiers,intellectuals,techniciansandchildren.InsidetheMausleumarethreemainsectins：AwhitemarblestatuefChairmanMaismuntednaplatfrminthefrntlbby.Onthewallbehindthestatueisa24-metre-lng(79-ft-lng)tapestry,afineneedlepintwrkwithbeautifullandscap

27、esfthecuntry.Inthemainhallthereisacrystalcffin,inwhichChairmanMasbdyliesstatelywiththeCmmunistPartysflagcveringverhim.Onthewallfthesuthernlbby,apembyChairmanMaandinhiswncalligraphyisinscribedingldinlay.Itexpresseshisfullgreatexpectatinsfrthecuntry.TiananmenSquarehasnwcmpleteditsrenvatinaftereightmnthshardwrktwelcmethe50thanniversaryfthePeplesRepublicin1999.