北师大版高中英语必修一第6讲：Unit2 Heroes-语法篇（学生版）.docx

1、Unit 2 Heroes 语法篇 _1、掌握一般过去时，过去进行时及现在完成时的用法。2、区分一般过去时，过去进行时及现在完成时的用法。一， 一般过去时一般过去时的基本用法：1. 表示过去的经常性，习惯性的动作或状态；表示过去某时间发生的事情。常搭配的时间状语有a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last week, in 2019, in those days, at that time等，也常和when, if等连词引导的状语从句连用。He often cried when he was a boy. 当他还是一个孩子的时候他经常哭。He went to

2、 the bank just now. 他刚才去银行了。2. 用于I didnt know或I forget等，表示事先或说话之前不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。I didnt know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。3. 在时间，条件，方式，让步等状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。She said she would come if I promised to wait for her. 她说如果我答应等她，她会来的。二， 过去进行时过去进行时的基本用法：1. 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作，常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time,

3、 that moment, the whole evening, all day yesterday等时间状语连用。We were discussing the plan the whole morning yesterday. 昨天整个上午我们一直在这个计划。They were taking physical exercise at seven this morning. 今天早晨7点钟他们正在锻炼。I first met Lily 3 years ago. She was working at a clothes shop at that time. 三年前我第一次遇到莉莉，当时她正在一家

4、服装店工作。2. 一些动词如：go, come, leave, arrive, take, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等可以用过去进行时表示过去将来时。He told me that he was arriving in Beijing at five oclock in the afternoon. 他告诉我他将在下午5点到达北京。I was told the train was starting soon. 有人告诉我，火车马上就要出发了。三， 现在完成时现在完成时的基本用法：1. 表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在产生的影响或结果，着眼点事现在。

5、She has lost her wallet. (The wallet is gone now.) 她的钱包丢了。The concert has started. (The concert is on now.) 音乐会已经开始。2. 表示一个动作从过去开始延续到现在，并可能延续下去。He has lived here since 1990. 自从1990年他就住在这儿了。He has taught Chinese for 20 years. 他教语文20年了。3. 表示到目前为止发生过几次或第几次发生。He has been to Beijing several times. 他已经去过北

6、京几次了。Its the third time that Ive seen the film. 这是我第三次看这部电影。4. 在时间，条件，让步等状语从句用现在完成时表示将来完成。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 直到车停下来才能下车。温馨提示：一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时叙述过去的事实，不关现在；现在完成时表示的动作虽在过去发生，但强调目前的情况。I wrote a letter just now. （过去发生的事情）我刚才写了一封信。I have written a letter. （现在已写完）我写了一封信。例 1. I h

7、ad been working an math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _ before my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum 解析：句意：整个下午我都在做数学题，眼前全是数字。and前的句子为过去完成进行时，表示过去一直在做某事，and后的句子陈述过去那个时刻的事实，故用一般过去时。答案：C。例 2. Look! Somebody _ the sofa. Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do that.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has

8、 cleanedD. had cleaned解析：本题考查动词的时态。根据look可知设空处表示现在的情况，故用现在时，排除B和D两项；A项表示现在正在进行，不符合句意。现在完成时表示该动作对目前所造成的影响或结果，即现在沙发很干净，故应用现在完成时。答案：C。例3. When did the computer crash? This morning, while I _ the reading materials downloaded from some websites. A. have storedB. was storingC. am storingD. had stored解析：句意

9、：根据时间状语从句的连词while可知，电脑死机发生于“正在分类”的时候，需用进行时态。所以排除A和D；从题干第一句的时态和第二句中的时间状语this morning可知需用过去时，所以排除C项，即可推断出正确答案。答案：B。例4. （2019北京大兴高三一模）Jenny, do you remember the first time we met?Sure. You _ the suitcase at the airport then.A. were carryingB. carriedC. have carriedD. had carried解析：句意：Jenny，你还记得我们第一次见面的

10、情形吗？当然，你那时在机场正提着一个箱子。根据时间状语then可知，这两个人见面的时候，carry是正在进行的动作，所以要用过去进行时，即可推断出正确答案。答案：A。例5. （2019北京石景山高三第一学期期末）Talking of travel, have you ever been to Chicago?Yes. I_ it twice while I was working in the US.A. have visitedB. visitedC. was visitingD. would visit 解析：根据while引导的时间状语从句中用的是过去进行时可知，visit的动作发生在过

11、去，而不是到目前为止动作完成，因此用一般过去时而不是现在完成时。答案：B。基础演练一，根据句意，在空白处填入恰当的词或用括号内的词的正确形式填空。1. Mom, where is my lunch pack?Just where it _ (be).2. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _ (leave).3. I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry. But I _ (d

12、o) my homework.4. Remember the first time we met?Sure, you _ (shop) in the supermarket?5. I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?Sorry, I _ (play) the piano for years.6. When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I _ (change) my mind.7. It is the first tim

13、e that I _ (enjoy) this kind of moon cake.8. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. Keys： 1. was2. were leaving 3. was doing4. were shopping 5. have played6. have changed7. have enjoyed8. has been made 巩固提高单项选择。1. The way the guests _ in the hotel in

14、fluenced their evaluation of the service.A. TreatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated2. Great changes have taken place in China the Peoples Republic of China _ in 1949.A. was foundedB. foundedC. was foundedD. found3. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _ that plan after t

15、he unpleasant experience in China in 2019.A. had abandonedB. abandonedC. abandonD. will abandon4. Jack, did you see my son Harry just now?No, Mrs. White. I _computer games.A. have playedB. am playingC. had playedD. was playing5. You speak very good French!Thanks. I _ in Paris for four years.A. liveB

16、. livedC. was livingD. had lived6. If you dont like the drink you _, just leave it and try a different one.A. orderedB. are orderingC. will orderD. had ordered7. Did you see a man in black pass by just now?No, sir. I _ a newspaper.A. readB. was readingC. would readD. am readingKeys：1-7 BCBDB AB单项选择。

17、1. My uncle is very _ and he is always ready to help those who are in trouble.A. cruelB. generousC. smartD. violent2.The police chief advised his men to keep _and not lose their tempers.A. calmB. quietC. stillD. silent3. As we joined the big crowd, I got _from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lost

18、D. missed4. Id like to have a car_. A. of my ownB. on my ownC. my ownD. own5. My mother was seriously ill last month. Luckily, she managed to _.A. get backB. run awayC. pull throughD. look through6 .Her family _ to Canada three years ago where they are living a happy life.A. movedB. has movedC. had

19、movedD. was moving7. They _ football on the playground when suddenly it began to rain.A. were playingB. had playedC. are playingD. have played 8. _the cake _ five parts. We will share three of them and leave the rest to Jack. A. Separate fromB. Take from C. Divide intoD. Divide from9. Since the spee

20、ch was _ tiring, he brought out a novel and started to read.A. too farB. far fromC. far tooD. so far10. Beijing is _that we can hardly visit all the beautiful places in one or two days. A. so a big cityB. so big a cityC. such big cityD. such big a city11. How did Mary react _ your idea? A. onB. atC.

21、 inD. to12.Ten years ago the population of our village was _that of theirs. A. as twice large asB. twice as large asC. twice as much as D. as twice much as 13. （2019北京海淀高三第一学期期末）According to the latest BBC news, a five-year-old boy from England _ the youngest computer specialist in the world.A. beca

22、meB. becomesC. had becomeD. has become14. （2019北京石景山高三第一学期期末）I was very angry with Kelvin Kelvin yesterday.I know your feelings, but if you forgive him, you _ a bigger man.A. have beenB. would beC. will beD. were15. （2019北京朝阳高三第一学期期末）Guess who I met at the shopping center today? ANGELINA Jolie! She

23、_ her new film then.You were so lucky.A. had promotedB. has promoted C. is promotingD. was promotingKeys: 1-15 BAAAC AACCB DBDCD _一， 单项选择。1. Ten years ago the population of our village was _that of theirs.A. as twice large asB. twice as large asC. twice as much asD. as twice much as 2. I do not feel

24、 equal to_ her the truth. A. tellB. toldC. tellingD. being told3. People are struggling_ pollution.A. forB. againstC. toD. on4. The police chief advised his men to keep_ and not lose their tempers.A. calmB. quiet C. stillD. silent5. After she made herself up，she _ herself in the mirror. A. found B.

25、admiredC. showed D. enjoyed6. “Neal，listen，” she said，looking straight at him.“I ask you not to get_ in this kind of matter. Its none of your business.”A. caught B. involvedC. attached D. connected7. The building work will go ahead，despite_ from local residents. A. protection B. hopeC. protest D. fa

26、vor8. Jordans performance_ his teammates and they finally beat the other team.A. signaledB. promotedC. opposedD. inspired9. Disabled Australian woman_，she is greatly respected_ 10 Paralympics Games.A. although she is；to take part inB. though she is；to have joinedC. as she is；to have competed inD. wh

27、ile she is；having participated in10. Id like to have a car_.A. of my ownB. on my ownC. my ownD. ownKeys: 1-10 BCBAB BCDCA二，阅读理解。Do you ever wonder why the English have one word for some animals and a different one for their meat？Why do they use pig and pork，cow and beef，and sheep and mutton？To find

28、out，we have to go back to 1066，when the Norman French invaded England and put a French king on the English throne(王位)，which not only changed the government but also changed the language. French became the language of the upper classes of society. And it remained that way for 300 years. Only these hi

29、gh society people could afford to eat meat. As a result，French words like porc (pork) and beouf (beef) came into the English language. However，poor English farmers raised the animals. So the English language retained the words pig and cow from the native AngloSaxon.The Norman French added about 10,0

30、00 French words to the English language. Seventyfive percent of them are still in use today.Language experts estimate that English speakers who have never studied French already know 15,000 French words！Between onethird and twothirds of all English words have French origins. Some words such as possi

31、ble and avenue are the same in French and English；only the pronunciations change. Other words such as ballet or a la carte(照菜单点菜) retain their French pronunciations in both languages.In French grammar，nouns have either a male or female gender，so adjectives(形容词) take different forms for each. English

32、 has only one adjective that does this，and it came from French. The word blond describes someone with lightcolored hair. Blond is used for men，and blonde describes women. And they are also nouns.Some French words that entered the English language have taken on completely different meanings. The Fren

33、ch phrase a la mode means “in style”In English，the phrase means “with ice cream”Someone must have decided something eaten with ice cream was in style!Now，as you learn English，youre on your way to learning French!1. French was once popular among the upper classes of the UK because _.A. too many Frenc

34、h moved to BritainB. French brought animals with themC. the king and his officials spoke FrenchD. the king allowed French to be spoken2. Which word can replace the word “retained” in Paragraph 1?A. Adopted. B. Kept.C. Introduced. D. Deserted.3. Why does an English speaker find French easy to learn?A

35、. Because English and French share similar pronunciations.B. Because English grammar and French grammar are similar.C. Because a large number of English words have French origins.D. Because English has great influences on the French language.4. French grammar is distinct from English grammar in that

36、 _.A. no words have the same pronunciationsB. all words have the same pronunciationsC. English nouns have a male or female genderD. French nouns have different adjective forms5. What conclusion can we draw from the text?A. Language is closely related to history and culture.B. French and English word

37、s have nothing in common.C. Language is controlled by the upper classes of society.D. English combines French and the native AngloSaxon.Keys:1-5. CBCDA三，写作。根据题目所提出的具体要求，写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于100字。互联网上有一个世界各国中学生的交友网站。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语完成一份个人情况介绍，并说明你交友的愿望及原因。l Name: Li Hua Age: 17 School: Sunshine High Schoo

38、ll School life: have 8 classes; have sports; . l Hobby: reading books; watching films; l Wish: （give at least one reason）Key:My name is Li Hua, a Chinese boy of 17. Im studying in Sunshine High School. I have eight classes every day. They are Chinese, Math, English and so on. After school I usually

39、play sports a lot. In my spare time I like reading books, watching films and playing computer games.I want to make friends with the students from other countries on the website and I will be able to know what they think and what they do. Besides its a good chance for me to practice my English. I hope I can find some friends who share the same interest with me.