天津市兴南中学高三词法复习：代词解析版.docx

1、代词1. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. itsC. whoseD. whom【答案】C【解析】答案C分析句式可知，one of_purposes is to是一个非限制性定语从句，whose purpose=the purpose of which，意思是项目的目的之一是故选 C1963年联合国建立了一个世界粮食项目，其宗旨之一是要减缓世界范围内的饥荒考查需先对句子结构进行分析，并结合定语从句的知识在具体语境

2、选出合适的引导词2. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of it used to charge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how【答案】C【解析】答案：C分析句式可知，half of it used to charge是$20的同位语从句，在从句中charge后缺宾语，half of后也缺宾语，所以在名词性从句中引导词用what，故答案为C该题容易被认为是定语从句，像half of which就是10美元了，不合题意我们选择该旅馆是因为其每晚的价格已经

3、下降到20美元，是过去价格的一半本题考名词性从句，考生需根据具体语境句式才能找到答案3. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions（）A. thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】A 考查定语从句这是一个限制性定语从句本句中的先行词是problems，在定语从句we meet in our daily lives中做宾语，所以用关系代词that引导where 和when引导定语从句在从句中做状语as引导限制性定语从句常用于固定结构s

4、uch.as/so.as/as.as/the same.as中所以答案选A我们日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感定语从句又称为形容词性从句，综观历年高考试题，我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点，解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句，哪一句是从句，被修饰的词是谁，从句中的句子成分缺失什么，根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词，从而选出正确的答案，解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析4. Howcouldtheyreachanagreement？Somesaidonething，butothers_（）A. otherB. anotherC. theotherD. o

5、thers【答案】B【解析】答案：B 解析：A：其他的（后接可数名词复数）；B：另一个（表示泛指）；C：另一个（表示特指）；D：其他的根据前面的one thing一样（东西）可知后面与会对应的是另一样（东西），又因为此处没有特指，故使用another一词来表达另一样（东西）之意综上，本题答案为B选项；其余选项均不符合题意 他们怎么会达成一致呢？一个说这样，其他人（说）那样 本题考查不定代词，作息类题目时要清楚各个选项的含义及用法，并结合句意确定最终的答案5. _wasmostimportanttoher，shetoldme，washerfamily（）A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD.

6、 As【答案】C【解析】答案：C此题的关键在于要明白she told me是插入语，从结构上不影响整个句子的表达根据题意她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭可知，第二个was 是整个句子的谓语动词所选词须是连词用来引导主语从句故可排除A，Bas不能引导主语从句，也可排除what引导名词性从句在从句中做主语故选C她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭对于名词性从句的考查要分清从句的具体用法，以及连接词的指代性和在从句中所作的成分搞明白这些问题就比较容易解决此类题型6. Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose_aregoodatrecognizingtheirowns

7、trengths（）A. whomB. whoC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】答案B分析句子成分后可知，_are good at recognizing their own strengths是定语从句修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，指人，所以用who引导故答案选B快乐和成功通常会眷顾那些善于认清自己的优点和特长的人做从句题时，首先看从句是否缺少成份，如果缺少就在关系代词里找引导词；如果不缺少成份，就在关系副词里选择引导词7. MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2019，madeoneoftheChinesepeople

8、slong-helddreamscometrue（）A. itB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】D【解析】答案：D 结合语境及句子中逗号，可知下文是非限定性定语从句，引导词指代前文句子内容，指物，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which，选D句意为：在2019年，莫言被授予了诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人期盼很久的一个梦想成真了首先要清楚题干中含有什么从句，同时牢记定语从句中一些关系词的特定用法8. Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause ofushad moneyonusA. all，noB. any，noC. none，anyD. noone，any【答

9、案】C【解析】答案：C解析：A：所有；没有；B：任何；没有；C：一个也没有；任何；D：没有一个人（单独使用，不与of使用）；任何根据用法可知D选项直接排除，根据句意我们不能在餐馆里吃饭，因为我们没有人有任何钱可知A、B选项排除（此句是否定句，故不可使用表示肯定的all）综上，本题答案为C选项我们不能在餐馆里吃饭，因为我们没有人有任何钱本题考查不定代词的辨析，做此类题目时一定要清楚各个选项的含义及用法，再结合句意及其它要求确定最终答案9. A smile costs _, but gives much.A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything【

10、答案】C【解析】句意：微笑是无需付出任何成本的。该句中的but一词构成前后语义矛盾，“微笑不花钱，但却给予他人很多。nothing与much形成语义对比。cost nothing意为“无需付出”。故本题选择C项。10. To my father, theres no greater happiness than _ of succeeding in his career.A. itB. oneC. thatD. the one【答案】C【解析】句意：对我的父亲来说，没有比事业成功更快乐的事情了。使用代词指代上文的happiness，指代上文的不可数名词用that，而且后面有后置定语，it是特指

11、上文的同类同物，one是泛指上文的可数名词单数，the one是特指上文的可数名词单数。故选C。11. The whole nation is in great happiness, as we have worked another wonder, _ several generations of sports people have been working for.A. oneB. itC. thatD. those【答案】A【解析】考查代词的用法。此处one是another wonder的同位语，其后又带一个定语从句“several generations of sports peop

12、le have been working for.”，one在定语从句中作for的宾语。12. By 2025, when the number of consumers worldwide has reached 4.2 billion, people with high income will be, for the first time, more than_ struggling to meet basic needs.A. oneB. thatC. onesD. those【答案】D【解析】句意：到2025年，当全世界的消费者的数量达到42亿，高收入的人将第一次超过努力达到基本需求的

13、人。这里需要代词指代people。用those代指前面的可数名词复数。故选D。13. Which day do you think is all right for our next meeting? You make _. _ day is the same to me.A. one; OneB. it; AnyC. that; SomeD. this; Another【答案】B【解析】句意：上文：你认为哪一天适合我们的下一次会议。你来定吧，任何一天对我来说都是一样的。make it在口语表达中是一个常用的习语，常表达的意思有：事业获得成功；设法做到某事；及时赶上火车；约定时间。此句表示约定

14、时间。one表示某一个；any表示任何；some表示某些；another表示三者或三者以上另一个。故选B。14. A responsible teacher must see to _ that every one of his students develops his full potential.A. allB. themC. /D. it【答案】D【解析】“see to it that+从句”是一个基本句型，意思是“务必做到，保证”，本句意思是：一个负责任的老师一定会保证让每一个学生能发挥出他的全部潜能，故选D。15. To keep up with their work, the v

15、ast majority of office clerks today must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, to say _ of newspapers and magazines.A. everythingB. anythingC. nothingD. something【答案】C【解析】句意：为了跟上他们的工作，办公室的绝大部分文员今天必须阅读信件，报告，贸易出版物，办公室通信，更不用说报纸和杂志。to say nothing of sth.“更不用说”，是固定搭配，故选C。

16、16. Although he majored in art and literature in college, he had little interest in_ subjectA. everyB. eitherC. bothD. neither【答案】B【解析】句意：虽然他在大学主修艺术和文学，但他对任何一种学科都不敢兴趣。A.每一个，指3个或者3个以上；B.两者中任何一个；C.两个都，后面修饰名词复数；D.两者都不，前面有little，表示否定，不能用neither。根据句意，B符合，故选B。17. The boys knew they had broken the rules, a

17、nd they were_buthappy when called to the office.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. everything【答案】B【解析】本题考查不定代词的固定搭配。句意：男孩们知道他们违反了规定，他们被叫到办公室的时候根本不快乐。本题考查短语anything but=not at all，否定后面的形容词。故选B。18. Wisdom and courage are _ need to make it through cases of emergency.A. all thatB. all whatC. what allD.

18、 that all【答案】C【解析】句意：智慧和勇气是所有人为了度过紧急情况所需要的（品质）。此处是系动词后的表语从句，从句中缺少need的宾语，所以应用what来引导；that引导名词性从句无意义，不做句子成分；all此处指代所有人，是从句的主语，应放在谓语之前，故选C。19. _to the extraordinary beauty of Changling is the Lingen Palace, many of_ decorations made from fragrant type of wood native to China.A. Added; itsB. Adding; wh

19、oseC. Added; whoseD. Adding; its【答案】D【解析】句意为：陵恩殿为长陵增添了几分令人深刻的印象和美丽，里面的许多装饰物是由产自中国的香木制成的。这是一个倒装语序，正常语序应该是The Lingen Palaceis adding to the extraordinarybeauty of Changling.此处为了强调“给长陵增添着这种特殊的美”而把谓语部分的adding 提前到句首；后半部分运用了独立主格结构，its指代Changlings，decorations与make之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词构成独立主格。故选D。20. His strong se

20、nse of humor was _make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that【答案】B【解析】句意：他的幽默感是如此强以至于使每一个人都突然大笑起来。A. so as to以便，以致；B. such as to到如此程度以至于；C. so that以便；D.such that如此，以致。由题干可知这里考查的是such as to do “到如此程度，如此以至于”，故选B。21. And when a black citizen prepares to f

21、ill the office of Washington and Lincoln, _ is a shining moment in our history that can be lost on no one.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. what【答案】C【解析】当一个黑人公民准备填补华盛顿和林肯的办公室时，那是我们历史上的一个光辉时刻，在任何一个人身上都不会消失。空格前世时间状语从句，整个举止还缺少主语，应填代词做主语，指代前面一句事实，而不是定语从句，故选C。22. What do you think of Susan? You know I have seen ma

22、ny fine players, but she is _else.A. nobodyB. someoneC. nothingD. something【答案】D【解析】句意：你觉得苏珊怎么样？你知道我见过许多优秀的运动员，但是她是出色的。A.nobody没人；B.someone某人；C.nothing没有事情；D.something某事，something else出色的人或事。故选D。23. The company and the effect_ brought about did great good to our business in the market.A. itB. whichC

23、. thatD. what【答案】A【解析】这家公司和这家公司产生的影响对我们在市场上的业务做了很大的贡献。根据句意，这里用it指代公司，故选A。24. Oh, your shirt is the same_.A. as meB. with herC. with mineD. as hers【答案】D【解析】句意为：你的衬衣和她的一样。此题考查the same as和.一样，hers相当于her shirt。故选D。25. When asked what original intention would lead them to volunteer, about _ said they wer

24、e “willing to do something for the Games.”A. half of themB. half of whichC. half of whomD. half of who【答案】A【解析】句意：当被问及什么样的初衷会让他们成为志愿者时，大约有一半的人说他们“想为运动会做些事情”。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主从复合句；关联词when引导一个时间状语从句；因此空格处为主句的主语，所以应用名词结构；B，C，D三个选项都是关联词的结构，是用于引导从句的，与此处句子结构不符；所以这里应用half of them作主句的主语。故选A。二、短文改错26. 短文中共有10处错

25、误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Time pass very quickly and I will graduate from high school very soon. Reviewing what happened on the past helps me succeed in the future. Lucky , I ha

26、ve caring teachers and friendly classmates. I still remember once when I didnt do well in my math exam, I get really upset. My teachers gave me some advices on my study. My classmates told me not to lose his confidence. I moved by their words and I studied even harder. With time went by, Ive made a

27、great progress. Now I believe that failure is the mother of success, that is what my teachers and classmates have taught me.【答案】Timepassvery quickly and I will graduate from high school very soon. passesReviewing what happenedonthe past helps me succeed in the future.Lucky, I in Luckilyhave caring t

28、eachers and friendly classmates. I still remember once when I didntdo well in my math exam, Igetreally upset. My teachers gave me someadviceson got advicemy study. My classmates told me not to losehisconfidence. Imoved by their my waswords and I studied even harder. With timewentby, Ive made a great

29、 progress. goingNow I believe that failure is the mother of success,thatis what my teachers and whichclassmates have taught me.【解析】1 句意：时间过得很快，由下句and I will graduate from high school very soon.可知应用一般现在时，故将passed改为passes。2 句意：回顾过去发生的一切有助于我将来成功。in the past在过去，为固定短语，故将on改为in。3 句意：幸运地是，我有关爱我的老师和友好的同学。在句

30、首做状语用副词，故将lucky改为luckily。4 句意：记得有一次我数学考试做得不好，我真的很难过。应用过去时，故将get改为got。5 句意：我的老师给了我一些学习建议。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将advices改为advice。6 句意：我的同学告诉我不要失去信心。是我的信心不是他的，故将his改为my。7 句意：我被他们的话语感动了。I与move之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态，故在I与moved之间添加was。8 句意：随着时间的推移，我取得了大的进步。with是介词，其后不接从句，用with+宾语+宾语补足语（现在分词），故将went改为 going。9 句

31、意：随着时间的推移，我取得了大的进步。progress是不可数名词，不能与a连用，故去掉a。10 句意：现在我相信失败是成功之母，这是老师和同学们教给我的。此句为非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做宾语，指代failure is the mother of success，故将that改为which。27. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线

32、（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Mr. Hans,I have learned that you would hold a discussion this Saturday afternoon. I am writing this letter express my deepest regret.The reason for my absence is because I have to meet some foreign friend from Australia

33、 this Saturday afternoon. Their plane is due to arriving then and it is impossible to rearrange my time. It is really a pity that I will miss so a valuable opportunity to share his thoughts with you about Frog by Mo Yan. In addition, I wonder that if you could send me a summary of the discussion nex

34、t Monday and I promise to return them as soon as possible.Im truly sorry for my absent and hope that you will receive my apology.Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. Hans, I have learned that you would hold a discussion this Saturday afternoon. I am writing this letter express my deepest regret. will toThe reas

35、on for my absence is because I have to meet some foreign friend from Australia this Saturday afternoon. Their plane is due that friendsto arriving then and it is impossible to rearrange my time. It is really a pity that I will miss so a valuable opportunity to share hisarrive suchthoughts with you a

36、bout Frog by Mo Yan. In addition, I will wonder that if you could send me a summary of the discussion next Mondayand I promise to return them as soon as possible. itIm truly sorry for my absent and hope that you will receive my apology. absence accept Yours, Li Hua【解析】1.考查情态动词。句末thisSaturday afterno

37、on提示时态应该用一般将来时，信中时态用的一般现在时，故would应改为will。 2.考查介词。“我写此信以表达.”，此处to表目的，故express前应添加to。3.考查固定短语搭配。the reson for.is that.某事的原因是，为固定搭配，故because应改为that。4.考查名词的复数形式。friend前面有修饰词some，表明有很多朋友，故应该用friend的复数形式friends。5.考查固定搭配。be due to do 将要做某事，介词to后面应该接动词原形，故将arriving改为arrive。6.考查固定搭配。so+形容词+a+名词such+a形容词名词，两个固定搭配的区分，此处的句型应该用such的搭配。故将so改为such。7. 考查时态。本信件采用一般现在时，本句属于一般陈述句，不需要用一般将来时态，故去掉will。8.考查代词。本句“我将尽快把讨论小结归还给您”，此处代词指代的是summary of the dicussion，单数，故将them改为it。9.考查名词。my absence指“我的缺席”，absent是形容词，不能放在物主代词my后面，my后面只能接名词。故将absent改为absence。10.考查固定搭配。accept ones apology接受某人的道歉，故将receive改为accept。