2012高考英语人教版一轮复习资料 必修2 UNIT4 WILDLIFE PROTECTION.ppt

1、2012高考英语人教版一轮复习资料 必修2 Unit4 Wildlife protection话题The importance of wildlife protection(保护野生动植物的重要性)功能 Intentions and purposes(意愿和目的)语法The Present Progressive Passive Voice(现在进行时的被动语态)重点单词wildlife，protection，decrease，loss，reserve，carpet，hunt，respond，mercy，relief，certain，inspect，contain，powerful，drug，

2、affect，succeed，employ，harm，bite，incident，appreciate，distant，fierce重点短语die out，in peace，in danger(of)，in relief，burst into laughter，protect.from，pay attention to，come into being，according to，so that重点句型1.We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.2Im protecting myself from mosquitoes.3They

3、 lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being.1contain vt.包含；容纳；以为组成部分；忍住，抑制归纳拓展contain oneself 自制；克制自己container n容器；集装箱How much will this bottle contain?这个瓶子的容量是多少？Hearing the news，she could hardly contain herself for joy.听到这个消息她高兴得不能自已。同类辨析contain与include(1)c

4、ontain 意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，着重指包含的全部内容或容量，也可指某物质里面所含的成分，不用于进行时态。表示“容纳”时，相当于hold。(2)include 意为“包含，连在内，计入，算入，包括”强调“包括作为整体的一部分”，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.。Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。There were 9 people injured in the accident，including

5、three children/three children included.总共有9个人在事故中受伤，其中包括3个孩子。【链接训练】Green vegetables _ nutrients，_ vitamin A and C.Ainclude；containBinclude；containingCcontain；includeDcontain；including【解析】句意为：绿色蔬菜含有营养物质，包括维生素A和维生素C。contain包含某种成分或部分，include其中包括某一部分，including此时作介词用。【答案】D2affect vt.影响，感动；(疾病)侵袭归纳拓展affec

6、t 作“影响”讲，多指不好的影响。be greatly/deeply affected 很受感动be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops?降雨量会影响作物的生长吗？All the people in the room were affected to tears.屋里所有的人都感动得流了泪。Cancer has affected his lungs.癌症已侵入他的肺。同类辨析affect，effect与 influ

7、ence三个词都有“影响”的意思。(1)affect 指产生的影响之大足以引起反应，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示在感情上的影响，即感动。(2)effect 作动词时，指“使(某事物)产生；使发生；引起”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。用作名词时，常构成短语have an effect on.意为“对有影响”。(3)influence 有动词和名词两个词性，指通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响。它可以指好的影响，也可以指坏的影响。This article will affect my thinking.这

8、篇文章将会影响我的思想。This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。The medicine has a bad effect on blood.这种药对血液有不好的影响。Influenced by a highschool biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine.在一位高中生物老师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。【链接训练】The drug did not _ his health.In fact，it seemed to have no _ at all.Aeffect；

9、affect Beffect；effectCaffect；affect Daffect；effect【解析】affect用作动词，意为“影响”，effect用作名词，意为“效果，作用”，构成have no effect短语，“对没有影响”。根据题意应选D。【答案】DMuch _ by the story of Cong Fei，I am also determined to be a volunteer worker.Aaffected Baffecting Cadmired Deffected【解析】句意为：深受丛飞故事的影响，我决定也成为一名志愿者。affect“影响”，符合题意，又I与a

10、ffect之间是被动关系，故正确答案为A。admire“钦佩，羡慕”；effect用作动词，虽也有“影响”之意，但着重产生一种变化。【答案】A3appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到归纳拓展(1)appreciate sb.(sth.)/(ones)doing sth.重视某人(某物)/感谢做某事I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n感激，感谢；评定，评价The teacher appreciated the students ability.老师很欣赏这个学生的能力。I would appreciate your call

11、ing back tomorrow.我将很感激你明天给我回电话。I would appreciate it if you can turn the music down.如果你把音乐关小一点，我将不胜感激。We didnt appreciate that he was seriously ill.我们没有意识到他的病情很严重。【链接训练】As I will be away for at least a year，Id appreciate _ from you now and then _ me how everyone is getting along.Ahearing；tell Bto h

12、ear；tellChearing；telling Dto hear；to tell【解析】考查非谓语动词作宾语。appreciate后面跟动名词作宾语，第二个空格处为现在分词作伴随状语。【答案】C4succeed vi.成功，办妥；接着发生；继承vt.接替；继任归纳拓展(1)succeed in doing sth.在(做)成功；顺利完成succeed to sth.继承(inherit)succeed sb.as sth.接替某人的某物(职务，地位等)(2)success nU成功；C成功的人/事successful adj.成功的，有成就的successfully adv.成功地Guang

13、zhou succeeded in hosting the 16th Asian Games.广州成功地主办了第16届亚运会。Youll have to work hard if you are to succeed.要想成功，你必须苦干。She succeeded to her fathers estate.她继承了她父亲的产业。It is a great success that he gave up taking drugs.他最终戒毒简直是个巨大的成功。【链接训练】This New Year Party was _ success.We sang and danced until it

14、 came to _ end at twelve.Aa；the Ba；anC不填；an Dthe；the【解析】success 作“成功”讲时，是不可数名词，但当指“成功的人或事”时是可数名词。本题中的“新年晚会”是一件成功的事，用不定冠词a。come to an end 是固定短语，意为“结束”。【答案】BHas your father succeeded _ giving up _?Yes.He is really a great man.Ain；to smoke Bto；smokingCto；to smoke Din；smoking【解析】succeed in doing sth.意为“

15、成功做成某事”，为固定搭配，由此可排除B、C两项；而give up意为“放弃”，后跟名词或动名词作宾语，故选D项。【答案】D5harm v&n.损害，伤害，危害归纳拓展(1)do harm to sb.do sb.harm 损害某人；对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人，没有恶意There is no harm in doing.It does no harm(for sb.)to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)harm ones image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声(2)harmful adj.有害的be harmful to 对有害(do har

16、m to)The court case will do serious harm to my business.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。He may look fierce，but he means no harm.他可能看上去很凶，但并无恶意。Fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth.果汁可能对儿童的牙齿有害。He may say no,but there is no harm in asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨【链接训练】Harm will be _ the environment，if we keep _ it.Ad

17、one to；destroying Bdone to；destroyCdone to；damage Ddone；destroying【解析】do harm to“对有害”；keep后跟动名词作宾语。harm作主语，谓语动词用被动形式，不能忘记to，keep doing sth.为固定结构，意为“继续做某事”。【答案】A6inspect v仔细检查，视察，调查归纳拓展(1)inspect sth.视察(2)inspection n检查，调查，视察inspector n检查员，视察员He got out of the car to inspect the damage.他下车检查损坏情况。The

18、Minister of Education inspected our school.The Minister of Education made an inspection of our school.教育部长视察了我们的学校。The building is often inspected by the firesafety officer.消防安全长官经常视察这座大楼。【链接训练】Who do you think will _ our factory?I have no idea.Maybe it is our mayor.Aexamine Binspect Ccheck Dinvesti

19、gate【解析】句意为：你认为谁会来视察我们工厂？不知道。可能是市长吧。examine“检查”；inspect“检查，视察”；check“检查，核对”；investigate“调查(案件)”。【答案】B1die out 灭绝；逐渐消失归纳拓展die away(声音、光线、风等)逐渐平息，渐弱die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木等)先后枯死die down(火、兴奋等)渐弱；平息Many old customs are gradually dying out.许多旧风俗习惯正在逐渐消失。These animals have nearly died out because its hab

20、itat is being destroyed.这些动物因栖息地正受到破坏已经濒于灭绝了。The sound of their laughter died away.他们的笑声逐渐消失了。【链接训练】Many of the earths plants and animals have already _ and several other species are endangered.Adied awayBdied outCdied offDdied up【解析】die out 是“灭绝”的意思。句意为：地球上的许多动植物已经消失，而且其他种类濒临灭绝。die away“(声音，光线等)逐渐平

21、息”；die off“(种族等)相继死亡”；die up短语不存在。【答案】B2protect.from.保护不受(危害)归纳拓展(1)protect.from/against.保护使不受到的损害或侵犯protect.from/against.结构中，from/against后常跟sth.，有时against后可跟being done，用以强调动作的被动性。一般宾语表示较大事情时，如天灾，外敌入侵等常用protect.against，表示较小事情时多用protect.from。(2)protection n保护，防护under the protection of 在的保护下afford/giv

22、e/provide protection提供保护He covered his ears with his hands to protect them from being hurt.他两手捂着耳朵以保护其不受伤害。The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against infection.这种疫苗用来保护全体居民以免感染传染病。You will receive protection when you are in trouble.当你有麻烦时，你将受到保护。【链接训练】The Natural Protection Zones p

23、rotect animals _.Afrom being killed Bfrom killedCfrom killing Dbeing killed【解析】protect.from.固定短语，“保护免遭”；又animals与kill之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。【答案】A3come into being形成；产生归纳拓展come into effect/force/operation开始生效/执行/实施come into existence/being开始存在；形成，产生come into fashion开始流行，风靡come into use/service开始被使用come into s

24、ight/view看得见come into power/office就职，上台执政Do you know when the earth came into being?你知道地球是什么时候形成的吗？New ways of thinking have come into existence.新的思维方式已经形成了。Aline skirts are coming into fashion again.A字形短裙再度流行起来了。When do the new regulations come into force?新规章什么时候开始执行？【链接训练】The commercial center _ i

25、n the late 1870s.Acame from Bcame overCcame into being Dcame out【解析】句意为：那个商业中心在19世纪70年代末形成。come into being“形成；产生”，符合题意。come from“来自”；come over“来访，拜访，走上前来”；come out“(花)开放，出版”。【答案】C4They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure

26、at that time.千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，并且在那时看来它们的未来是安全的。归纳拓展(1)long before相当于long long ago，意为“很久以前”，常用在过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后边可以跟从句。(2)before long相当于soon或a little later，意为“不久；不久以后”，常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接跟从句。(3)It is/was not long before从句 不久就It will not be long before从句过不了多久就(主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时

27、)It will be long before从句要过很久才They had known the truth long before I told them.早在我告诉他们之前，他们就已经知道真相了。Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去了加拿大继续深造。It was not long before we got there.不久以后我们就到了那儿。It will not be long before he succeeds.不久他就会成功的。It will be long before

28、 we see each other again.我们要很久以后才会再见面。【链接训练】It wont be _ the coal on the earth runs out.Abefore long Blong beforeCsoon before Dlong after【解析】long before在此处应分开来理解。It wont be longbefore引导的时间状语从句。句意为：不久地球上的煤炭就会用完的。【答案】BHe was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and retur

29、n to work.Awhen Bsince Cbefore Dthat【解析】句意为：他被告知至少再过三个月才能恢复健康，回去工作。“It would be一段时间before从句”充当told的宾语从句表示“过多久才”。【答案】C一、定义：表示“某人或某事正在被”，强调主语是动作的承受者，即主谓之间为被动关系。二、结构形式及用法：结构形式用法例句bebeingp.p.表示说话瞬间正在被进行的动作；She is being interviewed by the journalist now.此刻她正在接受记者的采访。bebeingp.p.表示现阶段正在被进行的动作；A new school

30、is being built where there used to be a park.在原来是公园的地方，一所新学校正在被修建。表示经常的，习惯的被动行为，常与 always，constantly等连用；She is always being praised by the teacher.她总受到老师的表扬。与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的被动动作的推测。The thief may be being questioned by the police.贼可能正被警察审问。注意：1不可遗漏 being，若漏掉，则成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构；不可忽视“现阶段”；2现在进行时的被动语态

31、也可以表示将来(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词)，表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作；3一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态；4“beunder/in 等介词名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。Look！The children are being looked after by the teacher.看！孩子们正被老师照看着。(正在进行的情况)The children are looked after by the teacher.孩子们被老师照看。(通常情况)A party is being held tonig

32、ht.今晚将要举行一场晚会。Xiao Wang，come here.You are wanted on the phone.小王，过来，有你的电话。Football is becoming more and more popular.In other words，it is loved by more and more people.足球现在越来越流行了，换句话说，它被越来越多的人所喜爱。The problem is under discussion(is being discussed)at the meeting.这个问题正在会上被讨论。The telephone is in use(is

33、 being used)now.这部电话正在使用中。【链接训练】Her son must _ by the doctor now.I hope there is nothing serious.Abe examine Bbe examiningCexamined Dbe being examined【解析】她的儿子一定正在被医生检查。这是对正在发生的被动动作进行推测，故用现在进行时的被动语态。【答案】DYou cant use the machine today because some parts _ this week.Aare replaced Bare being replacedCh

34、ave replaced Dare replacing【解析】句意为：你今天不能使用这台机器，因为本周它的一些零件正在被置换。parts与replace之间是被动关系且是本周这一阶段正在进行的动作。故选B项现在进行时的被动语态。【答案】BA new bridge _ across the river.Work started last year and the bridge is expected to open next year.Ais built Bwas being builtCwill be built Dis being built【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据题意可知“新桥正在被修建”，表示现阶段正在被进行的动作。【答案】DMay I use your bike？Mine is _ near the school gate.Ais repairing Bis repairedCunder repair Dbeing repairing【解析】句意为：我可以用你的自行车吗？我的正在学校大门口附近被修理。under repairbeing repaired。【答案】C