2013高考英语一轮总复习优化课件（四川专用）：阅读教程MODULE3（外研版）.ppt

1、Module 3The Four Corners Of The World选修阅读教程考点串讲讲练互动作者意图、观点类阅读作者观点态度题就是指针对作者的写作意图、观点态度和对事件的评价设问的阅读理解题目.作者在文章中不仅客观地进行叙述和说明,往往还持有某种态度,如对某一观点或赞同或反对,或肯定或批评.因此这类题主要考查学生对作者的观点、感情、态度、写作目的和意图的理解能力.作者的观点和态度除了直接表达外,还经常在文章中间接表达出来.考生可以通过全文的叙述,从文章的主要内容去理解作者的观点;有时作者也会在文章中用特殊的词汇表达自己的思想感情.同学们要从文章中的用词、语气或对某个细节的陈述来推断作

2、者的态度、观点等.观点态度题的题干形式:作者态度观点题考查目标比较明确,题干一般都含有according to the writer,attitude,opinion,believe,consider,regard等词或短语.这类题目除了考查作者在整篇文章中所表现的态度和写作意图外,有的还考查作者对具体的某个人或事物的态度或评价.作者观点态度题的题干主要有以下几种形式:(1)What is the purpose of the text?/The purpose of the passage is to _(2)What is the opinion of the writer in this

3、 passage?(3)Whats the authors attitude towards.?(4)Who are the intended readers of the passage?(5)What does the author mean by saying“.”?(6)From the.paragraph,what do you think the author wants to tell us?作者观点态度题的解题方法:作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类:支持、赞同、乐观;客观、中立;反对、批评、怀疑、悲观.同学们除了可以通过在文中寻找带有感情色彩的词来判断作者的态度外,有时还需要综合

4、运用一些阅读方法,如:根据文章中与问题相关的细节做出判断,根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点,有时还需要同学们通读全文并把握文章的主旨,最后做出正确选择.下面我们以2011年部分省市高考题为例,具体分析作者观点态度题的解题方法.(2011年高考北京卷)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries,a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission(输送)system for the 21st century will leave

5、a lasting mark on the West,for better or worse.Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery,例例but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community.The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to

6、 move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地)offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads,leaving public land in between privately owned land.In much of the West,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped,and in both case

7、s the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.With the completion of the interstate highway system,many of the small towns,which sprang up as railway stops and developed well,have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far

8、 beyond their direct footprint in the West.This is not an argument against building them.We need alternative energy badly,and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So tradeoffs will have to be made.Some scenic spots will be sacr

9、ificed.Some species(物种)will be forced to move,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations.Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter.The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy

10、 is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region.There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind,just like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated trade

11、offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.69.What is the authors attitude towards building s

12、olar plants?A.Cautious.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.【解析】态度题.作者由铁路和高速公路在西部建设过程中出现的好的和坏的影响来说明solar plants在西部建设中也会出现同样的问题.【答案】A跟踪训练Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths,while reality is fabulous.If men would steadily observe realities only,and not allow themselves to be deluded,

13、life,to compare it with such things as we know,would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian NightsEntertainments.If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be,music and poetry would resound along the streets.When we are unhurried and wise,we perceive that only great and worthy things h

14、ave any permanent and absolute existence,that petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality.This is always exhilarating and sublime.By closing the eyes and slumbering,by consenting to be deceived by shows,men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere,which

15、 still is built on purely illusory foundation.Children,who play life,discern its true law and relations more clearly than men,who fail to live worthily,but who think that they are wiser by experience,that is,by failure.I have read in a Hindoo book,that“there was a kings son,who,being expelled in inf

16、ancy from his native city,was brought up by a forester,and,growing up to maturity in that state,imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which be lived.One of his fathers ministers having discovered him,revealed to him what he was,and the misconception of his character was removed,and h

17、e knew himself to be a prince.So soul,from the circumstances in which it is placed,mistakes its own character,until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher,and then it knows itself to be Brahme.”We think that that is which appears to be.If a man should give us an account of the realities he

18、 beheld,we should not recognize the place in his description.Look at a meetinghouse,or a courthouse,or a jail,or a shop.Or a dwellinghouse,and say what that thing really is before a true gaze,and they would all go to pieces in your account of them.Men esteem truth remote,in the outskirts of the syst

19、em,behind the farthest star,before Adam and after the last man.In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime.But all these times and places and occasions are now and here.God himself culminates in the present moment,and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages.And we are enabled t

20、o apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us.The universe constantly and obediently answers to our conceptions;whether we travel fast or slow,the track is laid for us.Let us spend our lives in conceiving then.The poet or

21、 the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of his posterity at least could accomplish it.1.The writers attitude toward the arts is one of_A.admirationB.indifference C.suspicion D.repulsion解析:选A.作者意图判断题.本文第三句“如果我们只尊重必然的东西,尊重有权威成为必然的东西,那么音乐和诗歌会重新在街上唱诵.”本文最后一句“虽然诗人或艺术从来没有如此美好和崇高的设想,但

22、他们有些后代至少会达到这一步的.”这些都说明作者把艺术视为崇高和美好,不是被蒙蔽的东西.2.The author believes that a child_A.should practice what the Hindoos preachB.frequently faces vital problems better than grownups doC.hardly ever knows his true originD.is incapable of appreciating the arts解析:选B.作者意图判断题.孩子们常常比成人更好地面对各种问题.本文第七句“孩子们游戏生活(整天只

23、知道玩儿),却比难以很好的生活的成人们更清楚的分辨出显示生活的真正规律和种种关系.”3.The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to_A.look to the future for enlightenmentB.appraise the present for its true valueC.honor the wisdom of the past agesD.spend more time in leisure activities解析:选B.细节判断题.珍视目前的真正价值.这在文章倒数第七句“永恒中,确实有真实和崇

24、高的东西存在.但是所有这一切时间,地点,机遇都是在此时此地.上帝本身在现时达到了顶峰.在今后流逝的岁月中,它绝不会更加神圣崇高.我们只有长期不断地灌输和浸润在周围现实之中,才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的东西.不论我们的步伐快还是慢,路线已为我们铺定.那就让我们的生命在体会感受中度过.”作者强调现实才是人们应该抓住的.4.The passage is primarily concerned with problem of_Ahistory and economicsBsociety and populationCbiology and physicsDtheology and philosophy解析:选D.主旨大意题.整篇文章都传递了这两个内容,特别是哲学推理论说.本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放