高二英语外研版选修8学案：词汇详解 MODULE4WHICHENGLISH WORD版含解析.doc

1、知识感悟一、词汇详解1.in this sense【典型例句】I cant follow these instructionsin this sense,I dont know how to do it of course.我不理解这些指示从这个意义上讲,我当然也就不知道怎样去做了。We have learnt about the importance of the health.In this sense,it makes sense to take care of health.我们已经了解了健康的重要性,从这个意义上讲,关心健康是有意义的。【知识小结】in this sense一般用作插

2、入语,可放在句中、句首或句末,有些时候也可以用作in the sense of.。【相关链接】sense除了表示“意义,理解”之外,也可表示“感觉,判断力,见识,感”。常构成以下短语:in a sense 在某种意义上来说in no sense 绝不是;绝非in some sense 在某种意义上lose ones sense 昏过去;发疯;失去理性there is no (some) sense in doing.做是没有(有一些)道理的(意义的)have no sense of shame无羞耻感,毫不知耻have a sense of.有意识;有感make sense有意义2.from

3、place to place处处【典型例句】He travelled from place to place,and returned home only yesterday.他到处旅游,昨天才回到家里。Flowers can be seen from place to place in this park.这个公园里鲜花到处可见。【知识小结】注意这个结构的构成:from+名词+to+(同一)名词,意思是“从到”。【相关链接】from door to door从(门口)到(门口);挨家挨户地。例如：A trader goes round the village selling things f

4、rom door to door.一个商人在全村挨家挨户地推销商品。from side to side 从一边到另一边from victory to victory 从胜利走向胜利from day to day日日;从一天到第二天from house to house挨家挨户;逐户地from the masses to the masses从群众中来,到群众中去from time to time有时;不时地3.or rather更精确地说,倒不如说【典型例句】He came home very late last night,or rather,very early this morning.

5、他是昨天深夜回家的,或者更确切地说,是今天凌晨。He knows little about English,or rather,nothing at all.他对英语所知甚少,或者更准确点说,一无所知。【知识小结】or rather “更精确地说,倒不如说”,在句中用作插入语,一般放在句中。【相关链接】用简短的句子结构作插入语,这类短语有:I think,I hope,I guess,I believe,I suppose,I wonder,I tell you,I say,Im afraid,Im sure,you see,you know,as you know,that is,that

6、is to say,whats more等等,它们可以置于句中或句尾。4.unique to特有的,独具的【典型例句】These features are by no means unique to Japan.这些特征绝不是日本所独有的。His style of singing is rather unique to others.他的唱法颇不同于其他人的。【相关链接】辨析distinctive和unique：distinctive 为形容词,表示“有特色的,独特的,与众不同的”意思时,经常与介词of连用。例如：His accent is distinctive of a sailor.他的

7、口音是船员特有的。而unique则多与to连用。5.pass into 进入;逐渐变成【典型例句】He passed into the university by the narrowest possible margin.他差一点没考上大学。When water boils it passes into steam.水沸腾时变成蒸汽。【相关链接】(1)pass.to把传给;把转给(2)pass along 沿着向前行例如：The procession passed along the street slowly.队伍沿着街道慢慢前进。(3)pass by经过;走过;(时间)过去;(机会)错过

8、。(4)pass for被看作;当作例如：He passes for a poet.他被人看作是诗人。(5)pass on转告;带信儿;分发例如：Please pass on the message to your classmates.请把消息告诉你的同学。(6)pass round传遍;传阅。(7)pass away消失;(时间)过去;去世例如：As soon as the sun came out,the mist passed away.太阳一出来,雾便散去了。(8)pass down代代相传。(9)pass in交;通过(考试)例如：Please pass your papers i

9、n at the end of the class.请把你们的试卷在下课时交来。(10)pass off终止;停止;逐渐消失例如：The pain will soon pass off.很快就会不痛的。(11)pass over故意忽略;不把包括在内例如：If theres something here I must see,then rest assured I shant pass it over.要是这儿有什么必须注意之处,那么请放心,我不会把它忽略过去的。(12)pass through经过;穿过;在学完训练课程例如：The train passes through Reading o

10、n its way to Bristol.火车在去布里斯托的路上要经过里丁。(13)pass up拒绝;放弃例如：I think Ill pass the movie up tonight;Im too tired to go.今晚我不想去看电影,因为我太累了。6.lie in存在于,取决于【典型例句】Happiness doesnt lie in happiness,but in the achievement of it.幸福不在于它本身，而在于(你)去追求、去获得。His success lies in his hardships.他的成功取决于他的努力。China lies in th

11、e east of the Asia.中国位于亚洲的东部。【相关链接】(1)lie about到处乱扔乱放例如：The toys were lying about on the floor.玩具乱七八糟地放在地板上。(2)lie by在旁边;近在手边;被搁置在一边,被搁置不用例如：We have enough data lying by.我们的手边备有足够的资料。(3)lie up(因病等)不出门;潜伏,隐藏;待在洞穴或隐藏处例如：Youd better lie up for a few more days.你最好再多躺几天。(4)lie back向后靠,仰靠例如：He lay back in

12、 his chair and laughed.他靠在椅子上大笑起来。 (5)lie down屈服;顺从;忍受;躺着；躺下;歇工例如：I think Ill go and lie downI dont feel well.我想我得去躺一会儿,我感到不大舒服。(6)lie off停泊在附近;与保持一定距离例如：We could see the ship lying off the harbour.我们可以看到停泊在港口外面的那条船。7.influence vt.影响n.影响力;作用【典型例句】The influence of climate on crops are self-evident.气候

13、对农作物的影响是不证自明的。Mr.Smith is a man of influence in this town.史密斯先生是这个镇上有权势的人物。I dont want to influence you.You must decide for yourself.我不想影响你。你必须自行决定。【知识小结】have influence on 对有影响a man of great influence 一个很有影响力的人【相关链接】辨析affect/effect/influence(1)affect:“对某物或某事产生不良的影响”,通常以被影响的词作为宾语。例如：Hot weather affec

14、ts his health.炎热的天气影响了他的健康。“使之改动,使之变化”,用于这层意思时没有好坏的意思,例如：He wasnt affected by the news.他听了这消息后无动于衷。“感动”,例如：His speech affected the audience deeply.他的讲话深深打动了观众。(2)effect通常以改进和变化之类的词作宾语,着重造成一种特殊效果。(3)influence 的影响与上面两个不同,它是指“(通过劝说、行为、事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的)影响”。8.debate v.&n.争论;辩论;考虑;沉思【典型例句】Parliamen

15、t debates new laws.议会讨论新法律。The subject was debated till a late hour.这个题目一直辩论到很晚。I am debating with myself whether I should accept the gift.我正在考虑是否应该接受这礼物。We have been debating about current affairs.我们最近正在就时事问题进行辩论。We are having a debate today.我们今天开辩论会。【相关链接】辨析:argue/debate/discuss/quarrel(1)argue指一方

16、坚持自己的意见、立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方。argue with sb.about/over sth.。例如：He argued against the plan.他据理反对这个计划。(2)debate 多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,交锋往返的意味较强。debate on/over sth.(3)discuss指“(为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的)讨论,磋商”。discuss sth. 例如：I want to discuss your work with you.我想和你一起讨论你的工作。(4)quarrel“争吵,争论”,含与人发生口角的意思。qu

17、arrel over sth.例:Those children are always quarrelling over toys.那些孩子们总是为玩具而争吵。9.turn into变成;变得【典型例句】Heat energy turns ice into steam.热能把冰变为蒸汽。Heat can turn iron into a liquid.热能够把铁变为液体。In winter,water turns into ice.冬天水变成了冰。The caterpillar turned into butterfly.毛虫变成了蝴蝶。【相关链接】turn away 把(脸)转过去;不理睬tu

18、rn back 折回turn down 翻下(衣领等);拒绝;关小;弄小(音量)turn in 递交turn off 停掉;关掉turn on 打开turn out 结果弄清楚(是)turn over 把(东西)翻过来turn to 向(某人)求助;翻倒turn round 环绕10.get down认真着手进行;认真处理;下去;降落;拿下;写下【典型例句】Now lets get down to business.现在我们着手来办正事吧。You must get down to your studies this year.你今年要好好学习。The boy was getting down

19、a ladder.男孩正从梯子上下来。Please get the picture down.请取下那幅画。Will you please help me get down those dishes off that shelf?请你帮我把那些盘子从架上拿下来好吗？Have you got it all down?都记下来了吗？【相关链接】get up学习;研究;记熟;起床;使起床;起来 get about传播;流传;传开来;往来各处;旅行各处;走动get across(论点等)被人明了或理解;使通过,使渡过get along进行;进展;进步get on 过(活);取得进展;(获得)成功;去;

20、继续前进get out成功地解决;解答出;出来,出去get over克服(困难等);过访;爬过;越过;使爬过;使越过get above对(自己)估价过高get ahead获得成功;走在前面;领先get away 使离去;移走;送走;逃脱get back取回;找回(失物等);回来,回去,返回get by勉强生存;勉强过活;走过去;挤过去get through打通(尤指电话);通过;使通过get on for接近(某年龄、某时刻、某数目等)get in带入；收进;收获11.demand vt.&n. 要求;需要;问;要求之物【典型例句】We demanded the immediate relea

21、se of these comrades.我们要求立即释放这些同志。This work demands care and patience.这工作需要细心和耐心。The policeman demanded the boys names.警察问这些孩子们的名字。Our supply can fully meet the demand.我们的供应可以充分满足要求。I got my first demand.我已得到我第一个要求。【相关链接】(1)demand作名词时常用于几个短语中:be in demand有需要例如：Cold drinks are in demand in summer.夏季需

22、要清凉饮料。on demand 在要求时例如：The bill is payable on demand.这张支票,来取即付。(2)require,demand,request的区别require表示“(按法规、权利提出的)要求或命令”,含有强制意味。例如：I require that he return my book in a week.我要求他在一周之内归还我的书。demand主语为人时,表示“坚决要求”,为物时表示“迫切需要”。例如:She demands a meeting tonight.她要求今晚会见一次。request意为“恳请,请求”,侧重于“通过正式手续提出要求”,口气较为

23、和缓。例如：I request that you should take care of yourself.我请求你照顾好你自己。12.betray vt.出卖;背叛;暴露;泄露【典型例句】The smoke from cooking betrayed the presence of the enemy.炊烟暴露了敌人的存在。His accent betrayed the fact that he was foreign.他的口音显露出他是外国人。As long as you dont betray me,Ill do whatever you ask me to(do).只要你不出卖我,要我

24、做什么我都愿意。The enemy betrayed himself.敌人原形毕露了。【相关链接】(1)betrayal n.背叛betrayer n.叛徒(2)betray,deceive,trick辨析betray vt.“出卖,背叛”,一般用作及物动词,后面直接跟名词(短语)作宾语。deceive vt. “欺骗;诓骗”，经常用于短语be deceived in (发现不是想像的样子),deceived into.(欺骗某人使)和deceive oneself(自欺;想错;误认)中。trick v. “欺骗;捣鬼”,常见于trick sb.into/out of sth.(doing s

25、th.)诱骗某人做(不做)某事这一结构中。13.convince vt.使相信;劝说【典型例句】He convinced me of his ability.他使我相信了他的能力。I was convinced that he knew the truth.我确信他知道事实。There is no convincing evidence to prove Diaoyu Island was once part of Japan.没有任何令人信服的证据能证明钓鱼岛曾是日本的一部分。【知识小结】convinced adj.相信的convincing adj.令人信服的convince sb. of

26、 使某人相信be convinced that.相信【相关链接】convincing/convinced的辨义和be convinced of/be convinced that.是考查的常见知识。如果在写作中使用该词,也会给你的文章增色许多。二、句型剖析1.make sb.instantly recognizable“make+宾语+宾补(形容词)”的句型【典型例句】What he said made us disappointed.他的话使我们很失望。This made it impossible for me to do anything.这使我什么也干不成。They didnt mak

27、e me clumsy.他们没有让我感觉自己笨。His coming made me happy.他的到来使我很高兴。【知识小结】make在这一结构里是使役动词。在该句型中,宾语补足语主要由名词、形容词、动词不定式和过去分词担任。【相关链接】(1)make+宾语+形容词(2)make+宾语+名词/代词(3)make+宾语+介词短语(4)make+宾语+过去分词(5)make+宾语+不带to的不定式注意:make变为被动语态时,不定式作主语的补足语要带to。(6)make+it(形式宾语)+adj./n.(宾补)+不定式(真正宾语)*可接复合宾语的动词还有think,see,call,feel,

28、find,ask,get,hear,keep,raise,consider等。The boss made them work 12 hours a day.老板让他们一天干12个小时。They were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动句)We made him chairman of the Students Union.我们选他为学生会主席。They tried to make me at home alone.他们试图把我独自留在家里。2.It is.that counts.(强调句式)【典型例句】It is that I dont know how man

29、y I have that count.我真的不知道我在意多少。It was his promises that counted for something.是他的诺言有些价值。It is the little things that count.起作用的是那些不显眼的小事。【相关链接】英语表示强调往往通过单词、词组或某些特殊句型来实现。除了助动词“do(doesdid)动词原形”这种结构以外,最常用的强调方式有以下几种:(1)用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词来加强语气。例如：Thats the very textbook we used last term.这正是

30、我们上学期用过的教材。(2)用ever,never,very,just等副词或badly,highly,really等带有-ly的副词来进行强调。例如：Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？(3)用in the world,on earth,at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)。例如：Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？(4)用感叹句来表示强烈的感情,突出说话人的情感。例如：How interesting a story it is!这是个多么有趣的故事啊！(5)用重复来表示强调:例如：Why！Why！

31、The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。They walked for miles and miles.他们走了好多英里。(6)用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气。例如：On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。(7)用强调句型:“It is(was)被强调的部分that(who)原句其他部分”来强调说话人的意愿。例如：It was on Monday night that all this happened.所有这一切发生在周一晚上。Its me that he blamed.他怪的是我。(8)用if来表示强调

32、:if从句I dont know whowhat,etc.doesishas,etc.;主语部分也可以用nobody doesishas,etc.或everybody doesishas,etc.来代替(这里的if从句往往是正话反说,反话正说)。例如：If he cant do it,I dont know who can.要是他做不了这件事,我不知道还有谁能做。(强调只有他能做)If Jim is a coward,everybody is.要是吉姆是个胆小鬼,那么人人都是胆小鬼。(强调吉姆不是胆小鬼)if从句it be主句(此用法可看成是上面中的强调句型的变形,即把所要强调的内容放在it

33、be的后面,把其他内容放在由if引导的从句中)。例如：If anyone knew the truth,it was Tom.如果说谁了解事实的真相,那便是汤姆。(9)用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调,加强语气:例如：Its because of hard workten years of hard work.那是因为艰苦的工作十年艰苦的工作！3.get held up (“get+过去分词”表被动)【典型例句】Seeing them,the young woman got so excited.看到这些,这位年轻妇女变得那样地激动。Ive got used to this kind of li

34、fe.这种生活我们已经习惯了。【知识小结】“get+过去分词”是被动结构,相比“be+过去分词”结构更强烈地表达动词的被动意义，类似的结构还有:get killed被杀get lost迷路get separated from和某人分离get married结婚get known to为人们所熟知get paid被付工资,得到报酬【相关链接】get在此为连系动词,基本种类总结如下(1)表示主语状态的状态系动词，只有be一词。例如：I am a teacher.我是一个教师。(2)表示主语的状态变成的变化系动词，主要有become,get,grow,turn,fall,go,come,run等。例

35、如：My brother became a soldier last autumn.我哥哥去年秋天参军了。They grew rich on the work of the slaves.他们靠奴隶的劳动富了起来。When spring comes,trees turn green.春天来了,树木变绿了。Her dream finally came true.他的梦想终于实现了。(3)感官系动词,主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。例如：Your hand feels cold.你的手摸起来很凉。This kind of flower smells very nice.这种花闻

36、起来很香。What you said sounds funny.你所说的听起来很滑稽。(4)用来表示“看起来像”这一概念的表像系动词，主要有seem,appear,look。例如：He seems(to be)very disappointed.他看起来很失望。He appears(to be)ready to leave.看来他已准备走了。She looks pale.她看起来脸色苍白。三、语法解读状语从句一、状语从句分类及常用连词:类别连词时间状语从句when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till,once,as soon as,etc.地点状

37、语从句where,wherever原因状语从句because,since,as,for,now that,etc.目的状语从句in order that,so that,etc.结果状语从句so.that,so that,such.that,etc.条件状语从句if,unless,as(so)long as,etc.让步状语从句though,although,even if,even though,however,whatever,as,etc.比较状语从句as.as,so.as,than,etc.方式状语从句as,as if,as though,etc.二、相似连词的用法区别:1.when,

38、while,aswhile表时间,从句需用延续性动词,切不可用瞬间动词。when表时间,从句既可以用延续性动词,又可以用瞬间动词。as表时间,与when相似,但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。when,while后可以接分词短语。2.because,as,since,for语气位置意义because最强主句前或主句后“原因”;表客观因果关系;可回答“why”开头的问句as较强主句前“由于”;把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱主句前“既然”;就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱主句后“理由”;对某一事实进行推断的理由3.so that.,so.that.,such.that.so that“

39、以便”“结果”表目的和结果。注意:在从句中有情态动词表目的,无情态动词表结果。so.that.“如此以至于”表结果。该结构常见于:(1)so+adj./adv.that(2)so+adj.a(an)单数名词that(3)somany/much复数名词(不可数名词)+thatsuch.that.“如此以至于”表结果。该结构常见于:(1)sucha(an)adj.n.that(2)suchadj.复数名词不可数名词that4.though,although,asthough,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用,但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though:as though(=as

40、if);even though(=even if)在句末表示“然而”as表示“尽管”,从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。5.whatever,however,wherever,whenever它们是what,how,where,when的强势语气。分别等于:no matter what,no matter how,no matter where,no matter when随堂演练单项选择(1)No matter how I tried to read it,the message didnt _to me.A.understandB.make outC.turn outD.make sense提

41、示:不管我怎么努力读它,这条信息就是不明白。understand和make out的主语应该是人称名词或代词;turn out意为“生产;结果是”。答案：D完成句子(2)It just_ (没有道理)why would she do a thing like that?(3)让孩子们玩火柴能行吗?_to let little children play with matches? (4)她不多讲话,但言之有理。She doesnt talk much,but_.(5)你的词汇量很小,从这个意义上讲,学习语法就不是很有必要了。You are weak in vocabulary. _,there

42、 is no necessary to study grammar.答案：(2)didnt make sense (3)Does it make sense(4)what she says makes sense (5)In this sense翻译句子(1)我们乘出租车在这座城市里到处转了转。_ (2)The journey from college in London to my house in Oxford takes two hours from door to door._(3)中国日益强大。_(4)我们不时收到叔叔的来信。_(5)I only go to the cinema f

43、rom time to time._答案：(1)We travelled from place to place by taxi in this city.(2)从伦敦那个学院门口到位于牛津的我家的路程是两小时。(3)China is growing mighty from day to day.(4)We get letters from our uncle from time to time.(5)我只是偶尔去看看电影。单项选择(1)Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by“drugs”that arent

44、 really drugs at all,_,sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.A.or ratherB.rather than C.but ratherD.other than提示:那些并非真正的药,更准确点说,只是一些糖片。or rather符合句意。答案：A(2)There is nothing we can do_wait.A.rather thatB.other thanC.or ratherD.rather than提示:do nothing rather than wait 除了之外别无他法。答案：D翻译句子

45、(1)这些饭菜有着独特的中国味道。_(2)对伊丽莎白女王时代文学的独特研究使得他格外引人注目。 _答案：(1)These dishes are a distinctive of Chinese taste.(2)The study of Elizabethan literature unique to others arose him much attention.介词填空(1)I dont think the poison has passed _(侵入)his system.(2)Would you mind passing the dictionary_ (递给)him?(3)Pass_

46、 (向车里面走) the bus,please.(4)He waved to me as I passed_ (经过).(5)In this little village,he passed_ (被视为)a learned man.(6)Please pass _ (代为传送)my regards to your parents.(7)They collected some latest information and passed it _ (传阅)in the research group.(8)The evening passed_(度过) pleasantly as they sat

47、talking about their study and work.(9)All of them passed_ (通过) the examination.(10)The storm has passed_ (过去了).(11)He passed_ (放弃)the opportunity of attending the lecture.(12)They passed_ (通过)the village yesterday evening.(13)He passed _ (忽略)my remark.答案：(1)into(2)to(3)along(4)by(5)for(6)on(7)round(

48、8)away(9)in(10)off(11)up(12)through(13)over单项选择(1)The remarkable achievement_their determination and devotion to science.A.causedB.led toC.lies inD.resulted in提示:lie in表示“在于;由于”。后面跟原因或者条件,而其余选项跟结果。答案：C(2)The good result_the correct methods,that is to say,correct methods_good result.A.lies;leadB.lead

49、s to;lie inC.lies in;lead toD.lies to;lead in提示:lead to 导致;lie in 在于;由于。在此题中我们还可以用result in 代替lead to,用result from代替lie in。答案：C介词填空(3)Lets lie_ (歇会儿) till the next feeding time.(4)His guns and dogs lay_ (没有使用)that season.(5)He lay_ (躺在)on the grass and went to sleep.答案：(3)off (4)by (5)down选词填空(affec

50、t,effect,influence)(1)My teacher _my decision to study science.(2)Smoking_ health.(3)Alcoholic drink can have a bad_on your body.(4)The labour enthusiasm of the workers strongly _us.(5)All we had seen here would have great _on my future life.答案：(1)influenced (2)affects (3)effect (4)affected/influenc

51、ed (5)influence单项选择(6)The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _the wildlife in the area.A.inB.onC.atD.with提示：本题考查介词搭配。“对的影响”应为“the effect on.”。答案：B填空并翻译(discuss/debate/argue/quarrel)(1)I_with my flat-mate about who should do the housework._(2)They _fiercely as to whether their

52、 company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago._(3)They_how to promote cooperation between the two countries._(4)I _with her for a long time,but she refused to listen to reason._答案：(1)quarreled我和与我同住一个单元的人在谁应做家务的问题上吵了一架。(2)debated他们就公司是否应当恢复几年前中断了的贸易关系进行了一场激烈的争论。(3)discuss

53、ed他们讨论如何促进两国间的合作。(4)argued我和她辩论了好久,但她还是不听。完成句子(1)The earth_the sun.(2)The _car the hotel entrance.(3)Ill have to_your offer.(4)They_the escaped prisoner_ to the police.(5)Dont forget to_all the lights_when you leave the classroom.(6)Think before you_ the tap_do you really need the water?(7)The bike

54、hit a rock and_.(8)If you have some questions,please _your teacher for help.答案：(1)turns around (2)turned back (3)turn down(4)turned;in (5)turn;off (6)turn;on (7)turned over(8)turn to单项选择(1)She shouldnt have done that sort of thing.Whatever she did was reasonable, _to what you had.Besides,its none of

55、 your business.Get down to _your lessons.A.comparing;doingB.comparing;do C.compared;doingD.compared;done提示:compared to.过去分词短语表示被动意思,意为“比较起来”。get down to后接名词或动名词作宾语。句意为:“跟你所做的事比起来,她做的事很合理。此外,这也不关你的事,赶快做你的功课吧。”答案：C(2)The final examination is coming up soon.Its time for us to_our studies.A.get down to

56、B.get out C.get back for D.get over 提示:get down to意思是“认真应付、处理”;get out有“走出,泄露,逃避,发出”等意思;get back for有“回来取”的意思;get over意思是“结束”。根据语境应选A项。答案：A翻译句子(3)她雄心勃勃，一心要出人头地。_答案：Shes ambitious and eager to get on单项选择(1)In our childhood,we were often_by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.A.demandedB.rem

57、indedC.allowedD.hoped提示:demand sb. to do要求某人做某事,demand语气强烈,不适合奶奶对孙子说话的情景;allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事,语义不符;hope后面不能接复合宾语。答案：B(2)The restaurant is trying to make some flavor meals to_the customers demand.A.makeB.getC.putD.supply提示:supply ones need表示“满足的要求(需要)”,此外,还有satisfy/meet ones demand/need/requiremen

58、t等用法。答案：D(3)How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?The key_ the problem is to meet the demand _by the customers.A.to solving;making B.to solving;madeC.to solve;making D.to solve;made提示:to放在key的后面作介词,后接动名词;过去分词短语made by the customers作demand的定语。make与demand是动宾关系,要用过

59、去分词。答案：B翻译句子(1)你把他看错了。(deceive)_ (2)背叛祖国的人必须受到惩罚。(betray)_(3)他哄骗我花光了我的钱。(trick)_(4)她违背了自己的诺言。(betray)_(5)He knows all the tricks of the trade._(6)He got the money from me by a trick._答案：(1)You are deceived in him.(2)He who betrays his country must be punished.(3)He tricked me into spending all my mo

60、ney.(4)She betrayed her promise.(5)他懂得商界的一切花招。(6)他骗去了我的钱。完成句子(1)I_ _ _he knew the truth.(我确信他知道事实。)(2)She tried to make me_ _her kindness.(她试图使我相信她的好意。)(3)I_ _ _there was no danger.(我使他相信没有危险。)答案：(1)was convinced that(2)convinced of(3)convinced him that单句改错(4)Advertisements should contain convinced

61、information about products._答案：convincedconvincing完成句子(1)I_her quite slow in study.(我认为她在学习上反应迟钝。)(2)We must_the lab clean.(我们必须保持实验室干净。)(3) _your hands higher.(把手举高点。)(4)I_ the room empty.(我发现屋子是空的。)(5)He_the door yellow.(他把门漆成黄色。)(6)The warm weather_the leaves green.(暖和的天气使树叶变绿了。)(7)Dont_the wall

62、dirty.(别把墙弄脏了。)(8)Her voice is so low that she cant_herself heard.(她的声音太小了,别人听不到她讲的话。)(9)Do you use gestures to_your meaning clear?(你用手势让你的意思更明白一些吗？)(10)He_ his clothes taken away.(他的衣服被拿走了。)(11)I_the door opened.(我听见门给推开了。)(12)Can you_ yourself understood?(你能让别人听懂你的话吗?)答案：(1)think(2)keep(3)Raise(4)

63、found(5)painted(6)turned(7)get(8)make(9)make(10)had(11)heard(12)make单项选择(1)It is_my mother_taught I study now.A.where;where B.where;that C.there;where D.that;there提示:where引导状语从句。第二个空才是强调结构中的that。句意为:“我正在妈妈教过书的地方学习。”答案：B(2)It was_who suggested that he go to New York in order to get a direct flightA.h

64、erB.meC.sheD.us提示:这里强调的是句子的主语,所以要用主格,而不能用宾格。答案：C(3)It was_back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didnt goC.not until midnight that he wentD.until midnight when he didnt go提示:not.until句型的强调应变为It ws not until.that.。答案：C(4)Where was it_the road accident h

65、appened yesterday?In front of the market.A.when B.that C.which D.how提示:用强调句式强调疑问副词where，疑问词要放到句首。答案：B(5)What_are you looking for?A.hellB.the hellC.a hellD.hells提示:the hell用在感叹句或疑问句中表示强调。答案：B(6)He is_honest because he often tells lies.A.anything butB.nothing butC.something butD.but anything提示:根据后一句话“

66、he often tells lies.”我们可知道他不诚实,所以选用anything but,意思是“非常不”。答案：A(7) _,it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.A.Hard although the diamond isB.Hard as the diamond isC.As the diamond is hardD.How hard is the diamond提示:Hard as the diamond is为倒装句型,表示强调,意思是“尽管像钻石一样坚硬,但是”。答案：B单项选择(1)As we joined th

67、e big crowd I got_from my friends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed 提示:get后面要接形容词,但要考虑后面的搭配。“和某人走散”为be/get separated from sb.,所以答案为A项。答案：A(2)_David and Vicky _married?For about three years.A.How long were;beingB.How long have;gotC.How long have;beenD.How long did;get提示:表示已婚的状态,尤其是和一段时间连用只能用be marrie

68、d。 get married 相当于marry,属于短暂动词,在肯定句中不能和段时间连用。A项表示过去正在结婚,语意显然不对。答案：C(3)Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid you cant have time to_before the party.A.get changedB.get changeC.get changingD.get to change提示:“get+过去分词”表达动词的被动意义。在此意思是“恐怕没时间梳妆打扮了”。答案：A(4)Cleaning women in big cities usually get_by the hour.A.pay B.p

69、aying C.paid D.to pay提示:本题仍然是考查“get+过去分词”表达动词的被动意义这一用法。get paid by the hour意思是“按小时付酬”。答案：C单项选择(1)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially_Father was way in France.A.as B.thatC.duringD.if提示:此题有两个状语从句;第一个为原因状语从句;during是介词,不引导从句,that不引导原因状语从句,if引导条件状语从句与本句事实矛盾。答案：A(2)If we work with a

70、 strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, _great it is.A.whatB.how C.however D.whatever提示:however引导让步状语从句,常修饰形容词或副词。A、D项不修饰形容词;B项意义不符。答案：C(3)I was advised to arrange for insurance_I needed medical treatment.A.in caseB.so thatC.althoughD.if提示:本句句意为:“别人劝说我买保险,以防治病之需。”句中in case引导目的状语从句,意为“以防万一”。答案：A

71、(4)After the war,a new school was put up_ there had once been a theatre.A.thatB.where C.whichD.when提示:where在此处引导地点状语从句,修饰动词put up。如是定语从句则其前须有名词或代词作先行词。答案：B(5) _I knew,this book will be used as a textbook.A.So far asB.So farC.So long asD.As to提示:so far as I know据我所知。as far as意为“直到,远到”,引导比较状语从句。so far

72、迄今为止;so long as只要;as to至于。答案：A(6) _the film may be,I have no time to see.A.Although exciting B.No matter excitingC.However exciting D.Even if excited提示:however引导让步状语从句修饰形容词exciting作表语。其他项均有语法错误。答案：C(7) _you like it or not,you must carry out the plan through to the end.A.No matter howB.No matter what

73、C.No matter which D.No matter whether提示:no matter whether引导让步状语从句符合句意。答案：D(8)How big is your cat?Mine is_yours.A.as twice big asB.as big as twice asC.twice as big asD.as big as twice提示:比较状语从句。即:倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as。答案：C课文浓缩下面的一段文章为课文原文的浓缩,仔细阅读,根据原文章内容将其补充完整,并尽量背诵。English is spoken_an official language

74、in more than 60 countries_the world and it can sound very different from place to place.Although most people believe there is a right and a wrong_to speak English,there is not really a standard_that everyone can agree_.Professors of linguistics,writers and teachers all worry about providing a perfec

75、t_to follow but as it is so widely spoken,it has become_to say which English is “correct” and which is “incorrect”.Perhaps_doesnt matteras long as speakers can understand each other. The main differences between Australian English and other varieties of English_in the individual sounds and intonatio

76、n_.Sometimes it is difficult for British and American people to understand the Australian_.In other countries_English is spoken as a first language this is not the case.The variety of English_in Jamaica,and other Caribbean countries,has some of the grammatical_of the African languages spoken by the

77、ancestors of the Jamaican people.On the other_of the world,in Singapore,English is a second_,spoken by about half the population.Today there is a_in Singapore about which variety of English is the_：Singlish,or a variety closer to British English,which is the of the Speak Good English Movement_in 1999.答案：as;across;way;form;on;model;impossible;correctness;lie;patterns;accent;where;spoken;features;side;language;debate;best;aim;created