2015-2016学年高二人教版英语选修八课件：UNIT 2 SECTION 3 .ppt

1、成才之路 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 选修8CloningUnit 2Section Using LanguageUnit 2课堂要点探究2课堂达标验收3课前新知预习1课 时 作 业4课前新知预习词汇过关1_(v)打；撞击；罢工_(过去式)_(过去分词)2_(adj)虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的_(n)自负；虚荣心；无意义3_(vt)抵抗、对抗_(n)_(adj)4_(adv)仅；只；不过_(adj)strikestruckstruck/strickenvainvanityresistresistanceresistantmerelymere5_(n)装饰_(vt)6_(vt)崇拜；爱

2、慕；喜爱_(n)崇拜者；赞美者；热爱者7_(adj)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的_(n)理由；道理8_(n)假定；设想_(v)9_(vi)退休_(n)decorationdecorateadoreadorerreasonablereasonassumptionassumeretireretirement短语自查1end in failure_2look back on_3develop a disease_4put sthto sleep_5(be)bound to(do)._6strike.into ones heart _以失败告终回顾患病使(动物)无痛苦地死去一定或注定(做)使刻骨铭心7用

3、/对某物进行实验_8不时，偶尔_9使复生；使复活_10白费力气；枉费心机 _11把传给_12状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)_experiment with/on sthfrom time to timebring back to lifein vainpass on.to.in good/poor condition 经典句式1Diversity in a group means having animals _ _群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。2So _ is merely a dream！所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！3It _ unfair to clo

4、ne any extinct animals if they _ to live in a zoo任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。答案：1with their genes arranged in different ways2the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth3would be；were语篇理解Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text1The writer of the text_Ais excited

5、by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animalsBbelieves that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cloningCthinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaursDdreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth2The film Jurassic Park is popular because_Apeople are in

6、terested in the subject of cloningBall the actors are dinosaursCit was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaursDit proves very interesting3Which of the following is TRUE？AMice were cloned in 1981BDolly the sheep was the first cloned animalCThe name of the cloned cow is“Bison”DChina was successfu

7、l in cloning twin calves4The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include_Athey have the same arrangement of genesBthere isnt enough diversity in the group for them to overcome illnessesCthe illness is a new oneDtheir arrangement of genes cannot resist that new di

8、sease答案：14CADC课堂要点探究1strikev&n打；击；撞击；碰撞；袭击；突击He struck the table with his fist他用拳头击打桌子。vi&n罢工The coal miners struck for better safety conditions煤矿工人通过罢工要求改善安全条件。vt突然想到；猛地意识到；打动；给印象；让觉得An awful thought has just struck me刚才我脑子突然闪过一个可怕的想法。She strikes me as a very efficient person在我眼里，她是个很干练的人。v(钟)敲；鸣；报

9、时The church clock just struck twelve教堂时钟刚刚敲过12点。知识拓展striker n罢工的人striking adj引人注意的be/go on strike 罢工It strikes sbthat.某人突然想起strike.into ones heart 使某人感到注意：strike可作名词，也可作动词，词义和用法都很丰富，其中作“罢工，突然想到，给印象”解时的用法是高考常考点；此外，还应注意strike作“打，袭击”时与hit，beat等词的区别。比较网站beat，hit，strikebeat强调连续或反复地“打”，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子之类连续性

10、或反复性的动作，一般要用beat。strike常指“猛地一击”。hit侧重指有目标的用力“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。图解助记活学活用(1)用strike，beat或hit的正确形式填空Fortunately，the stone failed to_himHe_a match and lighted a candleMy heart was_fast答案：hit/strikestruckbeating(2)补全句子我们队赢得比赛的消息使我们都很兴奋。The news that our team won the competition_ excitement_our hearts答案：struc

11、k；into2resist vt抵抗；对抗；忍住She cant resist the hot weather any more她再也无法忍受这么热的天气了。She couldnt resist laughing when she saw that young man当她看到那个年轻人的时候，她忍不住笑了起来。知识拓展be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝resist sb/sth抵抗/抵制某人/某物cant/couldnt resist doing sth禁不住干某事resist doing sth抵制干某事resistant adj抵抗的；有抵抗力的be res

12、istant to 对有抵抗力resistance n抗拒；反对；抵抗力活学活用(1)完成句子I dont know_ _ _ _ _(怎样抑制我的愤怒)。I was unable to_ _(忍不住哭了)The crops are better_ _ _(抗病方面更好)答案：how to resist my angerresist cryingat resisting diseases(2)单句改错Tom couldnt resist to make jokes about his baldness_答案：to makemaking1from time to time 不时；偶尔From t

13、ime to time a helicopter flew by空中不时地有直升机飞过。The food safety accidents happen from time to time食品安全事故时不时地发生。While reading the book，he nodded from time to time他一边看书，一边不时地点头。知识拓展常见time短语有：at one time 从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度at a time 每次；一次at all times 总是；永远for the time being 暂时in no time 很快；立刻at no time 在任何时候都不；

14、决不in time 及时；迟早；过了一段时间at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度all the time 一直；始终take ones time 不着急；慢慢来kill time 消磨时间at the same time 同时ahead of time 提前；提早race against time 争分夺秒time and again 一次又一次；重复地keep time(钟表)走得准活学活用完成句子(1)Even though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them_ _ _ _(不时)答案：from ti

15、me to time(2)He went back from the meeting room_ _ _(立刻)答案：in no time2bring back to life 使复生；使复活It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life让一个人死而复生是不可能的。知识拓展bring sb/sthto life 使更有趣、更生动；给以活力；使苏醒come to life变得活跃；变得有趣；苏醒过来come to oneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；醒悟过来A great actor can bring a character to lif

16、e一个伟大的演员能让角色生动起来。活学活用完成句子(1)In theory，cloning can_ _ _ _ _ _ _(使一些绝迹的动物复活)(2)The party_ _ _(活跃起来)when he told us the funny story答案：(1)bring some extinct animals back to life(2)came to life3in vain 白费力气；枉费心机He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒然。All their attempts were in

17、vain他们所有的尝试都是徒劳。The police searched in vain for the missing gunman警察搜寻那个失踪的持枪歹徒，但徒劳无获。注意：in vain“徒劳，白费力气”，用于句首时句子要用倒装结构。He tried in vain to memorize the poemIn vain did he try to memorize the poem他怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。知识拓展vain adj虚荣的；徒劳的；自负的try in vain to do sth枉费心机地做某事They made vain attempts to reach the

18、 mountain top他们几次尝试登上山顶都失败了。He tried in vain to stop smoking他怎么努力也无法戒掉烟。活学活用(1)翻译句子过分的赞扬会使人自高自大。_答案：Too much praise can make a man vain(2)用恰当词语填空His efforts to raise money for his program were_vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets答案：in句意：他为自己的项目筹款的努力付诸东流了，因为没有人

19、愿意掏腰包。in vain表示“枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气”。4in good/poor condition 状况好/差The house was in poor condition这所房子状况不佳。My car is old but in good condition我的车虽旧，但状况良好。Keepers said the pandas were in good condition饲养员说大熊猫的状态良好。知识拓展on condition that 在的条件下；倘若I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money如果我挣到足够的钱

20、，我就出国。in condition 健康状况好；保存得好out of condition 健康状况不好；保存得不好on this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下in good shape(植物)状态良好；(指人)身体健康注意：condition表示“条件；疾病”时为可数名词；表示“健康状况；可使用状况”时为不可数名词；表示“形势；环境”时多用复数形式。活学活用用恰当词语填空(1)Dr Collins couldnt lead the wildlife research in the tropical forest any longer because his health

21、was in poor_答案：condition句意：柯林斯博士不能领导在热带雨林里 的 野 生 动 物 研 究 了，因 为 他 的 身 体 状 况 很 坏(in poor condition)。(2)I agree to his suggestion_the condition that he drops all charges答案：on句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。on the condition that起连词作用，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。1 The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which

22、a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts在侏罗纪公园这部影片中，一位科学家克隆了几种已绝种的恐龙。类似侏罗纪公园的电影很受欢迎证明了这一想法让人觉得既恐惧又兴奋。本句的主干是The popularity.proves.，句中how引导宾语从句；主句中又包含in which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jurassic Park。The school(which/that

23、)he once studied in is very famousThe school in which he once studied is very famous他曾经就读过的学校很有名。There are sixty students in our class in all，most of whom are from big cities我们班总共有60个学生，大多数来自大城市。注意：“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句一般根据三个原则来确定介词：根据从句的谓语动词；根据先行词；根据句子意思。但也有许多考题需要我们把从句补充完整，建立与主句的联系，才能找到这个介词与句中其他部分的关系。活学活

24、用用恰当词填空She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction _ _had taken more than three years答案：of which考查定语从句。句意：她带领游客参观这家博物馆。这家博物馆的建设历经三年多才完工。定语从句中whose名词of whichthe名词the名词of which，由此可知答案为of which。2Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways种群多样性是指种

25、群中动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。(1)本句是简单句，动名词短语having animals.作means的宾语，with复合结构(即“with宾语宾补”结构)作后置定语，arrange与their genes为动宾关系。(3)with复合结构的用法：作定语She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides她看到一条两岸长着红花和绿草的小溪。作状语She left the office with tears in her eyes她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。(表示伴随状况)With his key lost，he cou

26、ldnt get into the office由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。(表示原因)The children began to watch TV with the homework done孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。(表示时间)Id like to see the new film with time permitting如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。(表示条件)The battle ended with the enemy defeated战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。(表示结果)巧学助记with 复合结构用法口诀with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分

27、，将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。活学活用用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)With so many essays_(write)，he wont have time to go shopping this morning答案：to write(2)He felt more uneasy with the whole class_(stare)at him答案：staring(3)With a growing number of college graduates_(consider)themselves to belong to the lower levels of society，exper

28、ts suggest that students lower their expectations of the job market答案：considering句意：面对自认处于较低社会层次的大学毕业生人数的增加，专家们建议大学生们应该降低对就业市场的期望值。在with复合结构中，graduates与consider为主动关系，因此用动词ing形式作宾语补足语。3It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo任何绝种的动物，如果一经克隆便注定要生活在动物园里的话，那是不公平的。本句是虚

29、拟条件句，且表示的是与将来事实相反的假设。虚拟条件句在不同虚拟条件下，主从句谓语形式一览表：虚拟情况从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反一般过去时(be动词通常用were)would/should/could/might动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时would/should/could/mighthave done与将来事实相反一般过去时或were to动词原形或should动词原形would/should/could/might动词原形If it should rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off如果明天下雨，会议将延期。If I had

30、lots of money，I would buy a car如果我有很多钱，我就买一辆小汽车。If he had won the game，he would not have been so sad如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤。注意：若条件从句中含有were，had，should等，可将if去掉，并把were，should或had提到主语前。Had you studied hard，you would have passed the exam如果你努力学的话，你早已通过考试了。Should I not take the exam tomorrow，I would go for a p

31、icnic with you如果明天不考试的话，我就和你一起去晚餐。活学活用用恰当词语填空(1)(2015真题改编北京)If I_(see)it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it答案：hadnt seen句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldnt have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if主语 had done的形式。故填hadnt seen。(2)(真题改编北京)We _(be)back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map答案：would be考查

32、虚拟语气。根据从句的时态可知，空格处表示对现在情况的假设，再结合if虚拟句的特点可知应填would be。句意：要是你没有把地图弄丢了的话，我们现在就已经回到旅馆了。(3)(真 题 改 编 福 建)_(be)there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world答案：Were考查虚拟语气的倒装。根据主句中的would have to wait可知，空格处应表示对现在情况的假设，故从句用一般过去式；另外，当if从句中含有be动词were及助动词had时

33、，可以把主语和if省略，同时把were或had提前，构成倒装句。句意：如果没有现代化的电信设施的话，我们将不得不等候好几周的时间来获得来自世界各地的消息。4 Based on what we know now，you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种超过一万年的动物。过去分词短语based on.作状语。介词on后接what引导的宾语从句。句中that引导定语从句，先行词为animals。过去分词作状语的用法主要有：作原因状语，相当于as，since，

34、because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Given advice by the famous detective，the young lady was no longer afraid(Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective.)有了著名的侦探的指点，这位年轻的女士不再害怕了。作时间状语(相当于when引导的状语从句。如果两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when，while等使其时间意义更明确。)When heated，water can be changed into steam水加热后可以变成蒸汽。Discus

35、sed(Having been discussed)many times，the problems were settled at last在讨论了多次之后，问题终于解决了。(过去分词既表被动又表完成)Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。(过去分词只表被动)作条件和假设状语(相当于if，unless引导的从句)Given more time，we can finish the task on time如果被给更多的时间，我们能按时完成这项任务。作方式或伴随情况状语The hunter left his hou

36、se，followed by his dog猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。She sat by the window，lost in thought她坐在窗前，陷入沉思。注意：分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，这种结构称为独立主格结构。All our savings gone，we started looking for jobs积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。(All our savings gone是含有过去分词的独立主格结构)He rushed into the room，his face covered

37、 with sweat他满脸是汗地冲进屋内。(his face covered with sweat是包含过去分词的独立主格结构)活学活用用恰当形式填空(1)(真题改编天津)Clearly and thoughtfully _(write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers答案：written考查非谓语动词。句意：因为清晰周到地被写出来，这本书鼓舞了想寻找自己答案的学生的自信心。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填written。(2)(2015真题改编重庆

38、)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way_(use)the sun and the stars答案：using句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。using是伴随状语。伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。5So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream！所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！dinosaurs ever returning to

39、 the earth 为“动名词的复合结构”，在句中作介词of的宾语。动名词带上自己的逻辑主语，就构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格和名词来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格或名词代替。在句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。Would you mind my/me opening the window？我打开窗子你介意吗？He insisted on his sons/his son going to college他坚持让他儿子上大学。知识拓展(1)动名词复合结构作主语或动名词本身为being时，用“物主代词/名词所有格ving”M

40、arys coming late made her teacher MrSmith quite angry玛丽的迟到使她的老师史密斯先生非常生气。(2)动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西时，用“普通格ving”Is there any hope of our team winning the game？我们的球队有获胜的希望吗？(3)有生命的名词但表示泛指意义，用“普通格ving”Have you ever heard of women playing football？你听说过妇女踢足球的事吗？(4)两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，用“普通格ving”Do you remember my brot

41、her and me coming to see you the other day？你记得我弟弟和我前几天来看你那件事吗？(5)动名词的逻辑主语为复数名词时，用“普通格ving”There are many reasons for animals dying out动物灭绝有多种原因。(6)动名词的逻辑主语被其他成分说明或修饰时，用“普通格ving”Have you heard of Miss Gao，our English teacher，going to the USA？你听说我们的英语教师高老师要去美国吗？活学活用用恰当形式填空(1)His_(come)late for class a

42、gain made his teacher very angry答案：coming句意：他上课又迟到让老师非常生气。分析句子结构可知made前的成分为主语，而横线前的his暗示此处应为动名词的复合结构作主语。(2)_(the president；attend)the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement答案：The presidents attending句意：总统亲自参加会议给了他们莫大的鼓舞。本题考查动名词的复合结构作主语，必须采用“名词的所有格ving的形式”。写作指导如何写辩论报告写作策略探究这类文章要求用一定的

43、理由来说明自己对事物或问题的见解，属于议论文的范畴。写作时要注意以下几点：1篇章特点议论文是一种以议论为主要表达方式的文体。就是摆事实、讲道理，并要求通过多方面的分析，把道理说通、说透。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义，恰当地综合运用各种表达方式；论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。2注意事项写作时应注意：第一，要提出正确鲜明的论点。一般来说，要把论点写在篇首或段首，这样能起到纲举目张的效果，让读者读起来更容易把握文章思路。第二，要重视论据这一关的阐述。论据就是用来证明论点的事实和道理。要有足够的论据，可

44、以列举生活的实例来证明论点。第三，论证是议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论，只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系，才能将论据和论点融为一体，也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。3写作形式此类作文一般有两种写法。(1)文章分三部分进行论述：第一部分：提出论点第二部分：给出论据第三部分：得出结论(2)文章分四部分进行论述第一部分：说明辩论的主题、参与者等第二部分：列举正方的观点及其理由第三部分：列举反方的观点及其理由第四部分：阐明自己的观点4常见的写作用语总结：There are different opinions among people as to.We had a heate

45、d discussion about.Different people hold different opinionsOpinions are dividedPeople have taken/adopted different attitudes towards.People have different opinions on this problemPeople take different views on this question表达不同观点：.of them hold the opinion that.of them are in favour of the idea that.

46、People who are for/against the idea think.Some people believe that.Others argue that.不同观点之间的衔接用语：However，.of them hold a different view/.of them hold the opposite opinionPeople who are against it dont think soHowever，each coin has two sidesDifferent from those.，.people think.On the other hand，.peopl

47、e object that.and，as well as，also.besides，in addition，moreover，whats more.unlike，on the contrary，on the other hand.话题导入请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。人们对于是否该用动物进行实验持有不同意见。请你就此用英语写一篇辩论性的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。写作词汇热身赞成_对非常重要_该受责备_在某人看来_答案：in favour ofbe vital forbe to blamein ones opinion写作表达练习Whether it is fair or not

48、 to animals is still an open question(用it作形式主语改写句子)_Scientists cant develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and death if they dont do animal testing(用“only状语”引起倒装句式改写句子)_We must control the number of animals that are used in the scientific research(用分词作定语改写句子)_答案：It is sti

49、ll an open question whether it is fair or not to animalsOnly by doing animal testing can scientists develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and deathWe must control the number of animals used in the scientific research参考范文Nowadays animal testing is widely used；however，it i

50、s still an open question whether it is fair or not to animalsSome people are in favour of animal testingThey think it is vital for modern science and medicine Scientific progress is impossible without animal testingWe will not have a lot of new drugs if animal testing is forbiddenOthers are against

51、animal testingWhen animals die during the experiment，no one is to blameIt is cruel and unfair to animalsIn my opinion，although animal testing is cruel，it is essentialOnly by doing animal testing can scientists develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and deathBut we must co

52、ntrol the number of animals used in the scientific research课堂达标验收单词拼写1He cant_(抵抗的诱惑)ice creams2They bought that house at a _(合理的)price3He was glad for his_(获得)a prize4The new aircraft has performed very well in its_(最初的)trials5Its a bird in full _(羽毛)6I _(只是)suggest you should do it again7The great

53、 d_ to living near a main road is noise8Its not necessarily a bad thing to_(崇拜)film stars itself9 Economists are working on the_(假 设)of an interest rate cut10 Everyone must receive 9 years of_(义 务 的)education答案：1resist2reasonable3obtaining4initial5 feather6 merely7 disadvantage8 adore9assumption10co

54、mpulsory选词填空strike.into ones heart(s)；from time to time；be bound to；bring.back to life；in vain；in good condition1Our teacher_the importance of safety_，so we were all careful when crossing the street2 Though the building was built in the 1980s，it is still_3 The old kindhearted man donated money to ch

55、arities_though he had not much money4To our great delight，the badly injured boy was _ by the experienced doctors5I am afraid your efforts are_；he wouldnt listen to others6 There appeared a rainbow The weather_get better答案：1struck；into our hearts2in good condition3from time to time4brought back to life5in vain6was bound to课 时 作 业点此链接