江苏省天一中学2022届高三上学期第一次教学质量监测英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、2021-2022学年度上学期第一次教学质量监测高三 英语试题（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回

2、答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.About what are the two speakers talking？A.A new book. B.A new film. C.A new craftwork.2.What does the man mean？A.He would lock the language lab at the moment.B.The language lab will be used later.C.Let the woman check the lab.3.How can the man get to the bus stop？A.To turn to

3、 the left. B.To turn left，then right. C.To turn left twice.4.Which of the following is TRUE？A.The man didnt attend the conference.B.The woman did the speech.C.The man wanted to make the speech.5.What can we learn from the dialogue？A.The woman is going to have a trip this summer vacation.B.The woman

4、is going to stay at home this summer vacation.C.The woman hasnt decided how to spend the summer vacation.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7两个小题。6.What are the people doing in th

5、e house？A.They are having dinner.B.They are having a party.C.They are having a discussion.7.What is Mike Smith？A.He is a lawyer. B.He is the womans boyfriend. C.He is a college student.听第7段材料，回答第8、9两个小题。8.Whats the relationship of the two speakers？A.Teacher and student.B.Interviewer and interviewee.

6、C.Fellow-workers.9.On which day does the conversation probably take place？A.On Wednesday. B.On Thursday. C.On Tuesday.听第8段材料，回答第1012三个小题。10.Whats Tonys telephone number？A.05661605. B.66051605. C.66006605.11.How many languages does the school offer to teach？A.2. B.3. C.At least 4.12.Where is Tony goi

7、ng to learn German？A.In the Lake District. B.In the New Century. C.In the Central Park.听第9段材料，回答第1316四个小题。13.How is the woman going to Paris？A.By bus. B.By air. C.By car.14.How many people will go to see her off？A.4. B.3. C.2.15.What can we conclude from the dialogue？A.The man wants to meet Thomas G

8、ross in Paris.BThe man and Thomas Gross studied in the same college.C.The man dont know much about Thomas Gross.16.How long will the man be with the woman next Friday？A.The whole afternoon. B.More than 45 minutes. C.Less than 45 minutes.听第10段材料，回答第1720四个小题。17.Why does man say that vacations are as u

9、nique as the people who take them？A.Because of the different spots and sightseeing.B.Because of different people group choosing different visiting places.C.Because of the different home incomes.18.What do daring souls like to do after the passage？A.They like to go fishing，skiing or white-water rafti

10、ng.B.They like to seek out famous historical sites and museums.C.They like to trek expeditions and safaris in remote places.19.What have created a world of globetrotters？A.International business and mass communications.B.International business and jet airplanes.C.Both A and B.20.Which statement is T

11、RUE after the passage？A.Americans are the only people in the world who like to travel.B.People all over the world do going-abroad travel.C.Almost every American is a tourist sometime.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADevon is famous for its beautiful beache

12、s and countryside, as well as being home to a whole host of dog-friendly walks, accommodation and pubs to have a refreshing drink!Beer to Branscombe Coastal WalkEnjoy the popular 4.5-nile circular (环形的) walk from Beer to Branscombe where you will find some of the most amazing coastal walks in the UK

13、. Beer is located on the UNESCO World Heritage Jurassic Coast, so you and your dog could even go hunting for bones along the way!Before you head back, stop off in Branscombe at a beautiful 14th Century pub, The Masons Arms. This ideal rest stop is just a short walk away from Branscombe beach, which

14、allows dogs all year round.Seaton to Beer Cliff WalkBeginning in the coastal town of Seaton, this 3-mile circular walk takes you along the Jurassic Coast to Beer, a beautiful fishing village.You can enjoy a refreshing halftime beer at the dog-friendly pub, The Dolphin. After enjoying the village of

15、beer, its time to head back to Seaton where you will find The Malt House to welcome you and your dog for a well-deserved drink.Salcombe to Snapes PointIf youre looking for impressive views and a dramatic coastline, the 4.5-mile circular walk from Sal-combe to Snapes Point is perfect.You and your dog

16、 can finish your day at The Victoria Inn. This pub is known for its real wood fires, which create a welcoming atmosphere for the cooler months. It also has a wonderful beer garden to catch the summer sun, making it perfect all year round.1. Where can you explore a world heritage site?A. Beer.B. Bran

17、scombe.C. Seaton.D. Salcombe.2. What is The Victoria Inn famous for?A. Its cool environment.B. Its wood fires.C. Its wonderful service.D. Its beer garden.3. Who are most likely to be attracted by these walks?A. Environmentalists.B. Sports lovers.C. Hunters.D. Dog owners.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是

18、一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Devon的一些值得旅游的地方以及一些值得参观沿途风景的步行街。【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章“Beer to Branscombe Coastal Walk (从Beer到Branscombe的沿海路径)”部分中的“Beer is located on the UNESCO World Heritage Jurassic Coast (Beer位于联合国教科文组织世界遗产侏罗纪海岸)”可知，游客可以在Beer探索世界遗产。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。通过文章“Salcombe to Snapes Point (从Salcombe到Snapes Point)”

19、部分中的“This pub is known for its real wood fires (这家酒馆以使用真正的木柴燃烧而闻名)”可知，维多利亚酒馆以它使用木柴燃烧而闻名。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通过文章首段“Devon is famous for its beautiful beaches and countryside, as well as being home to a whole host of dog-friendly walks (Devon以其美丽的海滩和乡村而闻名，同时这里也有很多适合狗狗散步的地方)”可知，Devon有很多适合狗狗散步的地方，从而推知，Devo

20、n最有可能吸引狗主人带狗狗去散步。故选D项。BA new study finds that experimenting with skipping one meal each day enables your cells to recharge and use all the available fuel, which ensures insulin (胰岛素) function remains at its peak the next morning. The research found that body weight, measured by body mass index (BMI

21、体重指数), corresponds with when we eat and how often we eat. Specifically, people who eat larger breakfasts and adopt an 18-hour overnight fast (禁食), say from 1 pm to 7 am, have the lowest body weights. Those who ate more than three meals, or three meals plus snacks, had higher BMIs. Those who ate late

22、r in the day, after 6 pm, compared to those having the largest meal at breakfast or lunch, had higher body weights. The Loma Linda University researchers assume that 18-hour overnight dietary fasts reboot our metabolisms to help our bodies burn calories efficiently. Lead author Dr Hana Kahleova, dir

23、ector of clinical research at the nonprofit Physicians Committee, says this process ensures that our energy intake is related to energy output, instead of energy reserves. Contrary to popular belief, these extended overnight fasts seem to help boost metabolic function. Kahleova also finds meals cons

24、umed in the evening, compared to those eaten in the morning, result in raised blood sugar. Like a clog (障碍) in a machine, extra glucose (葡萄糖) slows our bodies metabolic process down. What does this mean to you? Lets say you consume 1,500 to 1,800 calories a day. Instead of splitting 500 to 600 calor

25、ies evenly at each meal, you could experiment with eating 600 to 700 calories for breakfast, 600 to 700 calories for lunch and 300 to 400 calorie for a light dinner. A more moderate application of this research may be to have big brunches or breakfasts instead of holiday dinners and evening birthday

26、 parties to support long-term weight maintenance.4. What makes for the lowest BMIs according to the research?A. Eating three meals evenly on a regular basis.B. Having a larger portion of breakfast plus snacks.C. Starting an 18-hour overnight fast after a big breakfast.D. Skipping breakfast and eatin

27、g more at lunch and dinner.5. What will Dr Hana Kahleova probably agree?A. Overnight fasts boost metabolism to lose weight efficiently.B. The finding of the study is consistent with the common belief.C. The process breaks the balance of energy intake and energy output.D. Breakfast is more likely to

28、increase blood sugar compared to dinner.6. What can we learn from the research?A. We should adopt the fasting approach to the maximum.B. We can continue holiday dinners and evening birthday parties.C. Its worse to eat low-calorie meals and work out in the morning.D. Its better to rearrange meals and

29、 consume more calories in the morning.7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The Way Human Energy Systems OperateB. Can Skipping Dinner Help You Lose Weight?C. Can Fasts Slow Down Your Bodies Metabolic Process?D. The importance Of Maintaining A Healthy Body Weight【答案】4.

30、 C 5. A 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究发现：每天少吃一顿饭的实验能够使你的细胞充电和使用所有可用的燃料，这保证了胰岛素的功能在第二天早上保持在最佳状态。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Specifically, people who eat larger breakfasts and adopt an 18-hour overnight fast (禁食), say from 1 pm to 7 am, have the lowest body weights. ”（具体来说，那些吃更大份的早餐，并坚持18小时通宵禁食的人，比如说从下午1点到早上7点，

31、体重最低。）可知，对于那些吃更大份的早餐后并坚持18小时通宵禁食的人来说，体重最低。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Contrary to popular belief, these extended overnight fasts seem to help boost metabolic function.”（与流行的观点相反，这些延长的隔夜禁食似乎有助于提高新陈代谢功能。）可知，在Dr Hana Kahleova看来，这些禁食对新陈代谢功能的提升是有帮助的。选项A. “Overnight fasts boost metabolism to lose weig

32、ht efficiently.”（隔夜禁食能促进新陈代谢，有效减肥。）与文意相符，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Lets say you consume 1,500 to 1,800 calories a day. Instead of splitting 500 to 600 calories .to support long-term weight maintenance.”（假设你每天吃1500到1800卡路里。不是平均分配每餐500到600卡路里，你可以尝试早餐摄入600到700卡路里，午餐摄入600到700卡路里，晚餐摄入300到400卡路里。这项研究的一个更温和的

33、应用可能是吃丰盛的早午餐或早餐，而不是节日晚餐和晚上的生日聚会，以支持长期的体重保持。）可推知，早上最好重新安排膳食，摄入更多卡路里。对长期的体重保持是有好处的。选项A与文意相符，故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study finds that experimenting with skipping one meal each day enables your cells to recharge and use all the available fuel, which ensures insulin (胰岛素) function remains at its peak

34、 the next morning. ”（一项新的研究发现，每天少吃一顿饭的实验能够使你的细胞充电和使用所有可用的燃料，这保证了胰岛素的功能在第二天早上保持在最佳状态。）同时结合第三段中的研究表述可知，本文主要讲述了每天少吃一顿饭是可以帮助身体的新陈代谢，达到有效减肥。所以文章的标题可以为“不吃饭能帮你减肥吗？”选项B与文意相符，故选B。CWhen you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than walking down a sidewalkbecause the weight of your body pushes into the

35、sand. It turns out that the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads.“The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation in the pavementand it makes it such that its continuously driving up a very shallow hill,” said Jeremy Gregory, a scientist at M. I. T.He modeled with his teamm

36、ates how much energy could be saved-and greenhouse gases avoidedby simply hardening the nations roads and highways.And they found that hardening 10 percent of the nations roads every year could prevent emissions equal to 440 megatons of carbon dioxide over the next 5 decadesthat amount is equal to h

37、ow much CO, youd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground or by growing 7 billion trees for a decade. It reduces 0.5% of projected transportation emissions over that time period.As for how to harden roads, Gregory says you could combine small amounts of certain fiber with h

38、igh technology into paving materials. Or you could pave with specially-made concrete, which is harder than ordinary construction materials.This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual barriers. “Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation

39、 department, youre talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of peopleas opposed to changing the way we design and preserve our pavements. Thats just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencie

40、s.” And when it comes to improving our streets and highways-those agencies are where you might say the rubber meets the road.8. How does the author develop Paragraph 3?A. By giving examples.B. By making classification.C. By listing figuresD. By analyzing causes.9. What does Gregory suggest for harde

41、ning roads?A. Mixing fiber with special concrete.B. Changing regular paving materials.C. Creating hi-tech computer models.D. Using ordinary building materials.10. What is an advantage of the road-hardening system?A. It reduces construction costs.B. It profits transportation agencies.C. It regulates

42、driver behavior.D. It avoids involving too many people.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Walking Down Beaches or Sidewalks?B. Hardening Roads Helps Save Energy.C. How to Cut Down Carbon EmissionsD. A System of Hardening Roads.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了对道路进行硬化可以减少

43、二氧化碳的排放，更节省能源。介绍了这种措施的优势和操作方式。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“And they found that hardening 10 percent of the nations roads every year could prevent emissions equal to 440 megatons of carbon dioxide over the next 5 decadesthat amount is equal to how much CO, youd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of o

44、il in the ground or by growing 7 billion trees for a decade. It reduces 0.5% of projected transportation emissions over that time period.(他们发现，每年对全国10%的道路进行硬化，可以在未来50年内防止相当于440兆吨二氧化碳的排放这个数量相当于你将10亿桶石油留在地下或在十年内种植70亿棵树，就可以使地球免受多少二氧化碳。它减少了该时间段内预计交通排放的0.5%)”可推知，作者通过列数字展开第三段。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Or you

45、 could pave with specially-made concrete, which is harder than ordinary construction materials.(或者你可以用比普通建筑材料更硬的特制混凝土铺路)”可知，Gregory建议硬化道路更换常规铺装材料。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual barriers. “Usually, when it comes to reducing

46、 emissions in the transportation department, youre talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of peopleas opposed to changing the way we design and preserve our pavements. Thats just on the order of thousands of people who are w

47、orking in transportation agencies.”(这一系统也可能是一种减少碳排放的方法，而不存在一些常见的障碍。“通常，当涉及到交通部门的减排时，你谈论的是改变与车辆和司机行为相关的政策，这涉及到数百万人，而不是改变我们的设计和保护人行道的方式。这只是成千上万在运输机构工作的人的要求。” )”可知，道路硬化系统的优点是可以避免涉及太多的人。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“He modeled with his teammates how much energy could be saved-and greenhouse gases avoidedby si

48、mply hardening the nations roads and highways.(他和他的队友们一起模仿，仅仅通过加固国家的公路和高速公路，就可以节省多少能源，并避免温室气体的排放)”结合文章主要说明了对道路进行硬化可以减少二氧化碳的排放，更节省能源。介绍了这种措施的优势和操作方式。可知，B选项“硬化道路有助于节约能源”最符合文章标题。故选B。DWhether youre interested in green agriculture and rainforest conservation or supporting sustainable sources, organizatio

49、ns worldwide are investing time and effort into various environmental protection projects. Volunteers are always needed to help with the different initiatives to protect the environment. The past years have been bothered by an endless report of natural disasters occurring in geographically weak loca

50、tions. Floods are affecting the places that previously never faced this problem while heat waves, droughts and earthquakes are becoming the norm (常态). Important wildlife and plant species are disappearing and threatening the planets biodiversity. According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), there are

51、 other problems: deforestation (毁林), pollution, water scarcity, illegal fishing and wildlife trade. The ongoing industrialization and the lack of awareness are taking its toll (毁坏) and its time for that to change. Most people remain inactive, believing small changes wont make a difference. However,

52、there are many ways to help. Small changes carried out by some people do make a difference. Excellent examples of this are organizations that believe small initiatives have a significant impact. These projects are growing steadily and positively affecting the environmental conservation and influenci

53、ng the local community. They are creating awareness among others and helping them understand the importance of environmental conservation while creating volunteer opportunities to help the environment. The organizations will learn valuable skills about environmental conservation but most importantly

54、, they are moving towards change. There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help and theres no time to waste! Continue reading about environmental volunteer programs abroad and take steps toward environmental conservation. There are plenty of options once you decide to be

55、come an environmental volunteer. The tasks will depend on the project you have decided to volunteer with and can vary greatly. With over 130 projects focused on the environment, youll find projects that match both your skill set and travel preference.12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Th

56、e threats the earth is facing.B. The influence of natural disasters.C. The need to know natural disasters.D. The difficulty in protecting the earth.13. How do most people behave towards environmental problems?A They make small changes.B. They help each other.C. They keep sitting by.D. They try to fi

57、nd ways.14. What can we learn from the text?A. Its easier said than done.B. Itll be all right on the night.C. Where theres life, theres hope.D. There is no time like the present.15. Whats the main purpose of the text?A. To call on people to be environmental volunteers.B. To show the serious problems

58、 of the environment.C. To discuss the ways of environmental conservation.D. To explain the reasons for protecting the environment.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球正面临的环境威胁，并且呼吁人们积极参与到保护环境的志愿活动中。【12题详解】主旨大意题。通过文章第二段“heat waves, droughts and earthquakes are becoming the norm (热浪、干旱

59、和地震正在成为常态)”和“threatening the planets biodiversity (威胁着地球的生物多样性)”以及“there are other problems: deforestation, pollution, water scarcity, illegal fishing and wildlife trade (毁林、污染、缺水、非法捕鱼和野生动物贸易)”可知，本段主要介绍了地球正面临的威胁。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Most people remain inactive, believing small changes wont make

60、 a difference. (大多数人都不积极，认为小的改变不会有什么不同)”可知，大多数人都认为个体无力改变大环境，从而推知，他们对于环境问题都袖手旁观。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第五段“There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help and theres no time to waste! (有许多成为环保志愿者机会，需要你的帮助，我们现在没有时间可以浪费了)”可推知，目前的环境情况已经不容乐观，没有时间去浪费了,即没有比现在更好的时机了。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判

61、断题。通读全文，再根据文章首段“Volunteers are always needed to help with the different initiatives to protect the environment. (始终需要志愿者帮助开展各种保护环境的活动)”以及第五段“There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help (有许多成为环保志愿者的机会，需要你的帮助)”可推知，本文主要通过介绍地球正面临的环境威胁，呼吁人们积极参与到保护环境的志愿活动中。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2

62、.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youve got mailand its a postcardPaulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall. _16_ I often send postc

63、ards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it _17_ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say

64、the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulos hunch（直觉）paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. _18_ Runni

65、ng the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept

66、 doesnt work if one doesnt understand it. _19_ So a common language is required and in postcrossing thats English since its widely spoken. Many people in China have limited exposure to English. _20_ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their

67、English skills through their use of postcrossing, Paulo says.A. And thats totally fineB. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice itC. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobbyD. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.E. On August 5, the numbe

68、r of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一

69、篇说明文。主要介绍了Paulo Magalhaes创建的过程及其现状。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜欢明信片但是苦于身边没有与他志趣相投的人，于是他开始从网上寻求志同道合的人，因而创立了。随着公司在全球不断壮大，语言成为沟通的主要障碍，后来英语被选为共同语言方便大家交流。【16题详解】上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas

70、 Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall.( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“. and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far

71、 away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“I often send postcards to family and friends. he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我经

72、常给家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他说，“但你可以想象，过一段时间，你收到的明信片不会像你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢这样。”)”说明Paulo意识到身边的亲人和朋友不是都和他有相同的爱好，因此他也很坦然接受这个事实，因此选项A“那完全没问题”符合语境。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website P, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched

73、 it 10 years ago.(如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了P这个社交网站。自从10年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自214个国家和地区的575217名注册用户)”是在介绍目前网站的发展状况，因此符合文意的只有E选项“8月5日，会员互赠的明信片数量达到3100万张”是在介绍该网站相关的数据。故选E项。【19题详解】上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesnt work if one doesnt understand it.(收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷，但如果

74、你不理解它，这个概念就行不通)”是举例说明他国人收到中文明信片时的问题。选项F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同样地，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣)”是举例说明中国人收到他国语言明信片时也会遇到相同的问题。两句相结合，符合结论句的语义要求，故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到

75、英语)”说明对某些人来说学习英语的门槛较高。结合下文“. who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他们实际上通过使用明信片来提高他们的英语技能)”可知，写明信片成为一种练习英语的渠道。因此选项B “这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难 ”符合语境要求，说明对一些人来说学习和练习英语的难度较高，因为渠道较少。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A

76、llamby started his auto-repair business at the age of 19. Over the years it had grown into two shops, but Allamby_21_something more. At first, he thought it must have to do with_22_his business. So at age 34, he_23_to go for his bachelors degree in business management. After taking classes part-time

77、 over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take biology to get his_24_. Attending biology class reawakened his_25_dream. “After the first day, I remembered the feeling of wanting to be a doctor_26_when I was younger,” Allamby says. So a_27_Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39.

78、 He was_28_to live his dream. With the_29_of his family, he decided to_30_business school. Instead, he took the science classes hed need for a second_31_as a doctor. And so in 2015, Allamby cut_32_with his past. He sold off his two shops. Then he started at Medical University. In 2019, at age 47, Al

79、lamby_33_Allamby, MD (医学博士). He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. Its a small_34_to pay for the life Allamby now gets to lead, but he finds his true direction halfway in life. So its really never too late for one to _35_ his dream.21. A. waited forB. longed forC. de

80、pended onD. acted on22. A. launchingB. handlingC. startingD. growing23. A. decidedB. continuedC. desiredD. ceased24. A. directionB. businessC. degreeD. agreement25 A. long-heldB. oddC. romanticD. short-lived26. A. nextB. laterC. onlyD. back27. A. differentB. healthyC. learnedD. single28. A. unsureB.

81、 hesitantC. readyD. likely29. A. sympathyB. supportC. cooperationD. company30. A. attendB. skipC. finishD. run31. A. operationB. dealC. careerD. major32. A. wiresB. classesC. expensesD. ties33. A. betrayedB. becameC. abandonedD. accepted34 A. fortuneB. feeC. priceD. salary35. A. rememberB. interpret

82、C. forgetD. pursue【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议。文章通过讲述艾伦比的个人经历：19岁的艾伦比开始汽车修理，在他拥有了两家修车店后，他渴望更多。34岁时他选择攻读工商管理的学士学位，经过五年的兼职上课，艾伦比被告知需要学习生物学才能拿到学位。在家人的支持下，艾伦比决定结束学业。随后，他选择把医生作为自己的职业，最终在2019年，47岁的艾伦比成了一名医学博士。最终提出，追求梦想永远不会太晚。

83、【详解】1.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这些年来，它已经发展成为两个修车店，但艾伦比渴望更多的东西。A.waited for等待； B.longed for 渴望；C.depended on 依赖；D.acted on对起作用。根据下文“something more”可知此处指他渴望更多的东西。故选B。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他认为这一定和他的扩大的生意有关。A.launching发射； B.handling 处理；C.starting 开始；D.growing扩大，增强。，根据上文“but Allamby1something more. ”可知此处指他认为一定要和他的扩大的生意有关

84、。故选D。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在他34岁的时候，他去攻读工商管理的学士学位。A.decided 决定；B.continued 继续；C.desired 渴望；D.ceased停止。根据下“文 go for his bachelors degree in business management”可知，此处指他决定攻读工商管理的学士学位。故选A。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五年时间里兼职上课之后，阿兰比被告知他必须学习生物学才能拿到学位。A.direction 方向；B.business 生意；C.degree 学位；D.agreement合同；协议。根据上文“go for

85、his bachelors degree in business management”可知此处指他必须学习生物学才能拿到学位。故选C。5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上生物课唤醒了他长久以来的梦想。A.long-held 长久以来的；B.odd 古怪的；C.romantic 浪漫的；D.short-lived短命的。根据下文“I remembered the feeling of wanting to be a doctor6when I was younger”可知此处指唤醒了他长久以来的梦想。故选A。6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“第一天之后，我想起了年轻时想当医生的感觉。”艾伦比说。A.

86、next 贴近的；B.later 后来的；以后的；C.only 唯一的；D.back过去的；旧时的。根据下文“when I was younger”可知此处指想起了之前我想当医生的梦想。故选D。7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以一个不同的的艾伦比，在39岁的时候走进了生物课堂。A.different 不同的；B.healthy 健康的；C.learned博学的；知识渊博的； D.single单个的。根据上文“ I remembered the feeling of wanting to be a doctor6when I was younger,及下文He was8to live his d

87、ream”可知此处指一个不同的艾伦比走进了生物课堂。故选A。8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经准备好实现他的梦想。A.unsure不确定的； B.hesitant 犹豫的；C.ready准备好的； D.likely可能的。根据下文“to live his dream”可知此处指他准备好去实现他的梦想。故选C。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家人的支持下，他决定不学商学院的学业了。A.sympathy 同情；赞同；B.support 支持；C.cooperation合作； D.company公司。根据下文“of his family, he decided to 10 business scho

88、ol.”可知此处指在家人的支持下。故选B。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.attend 出席；B.skip 不参加；C.finish 结束；D.run跑步。根据下文 “Instead, he took the science classes”可知此处指他决定不学工商管理了。故选B。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他选择了把医生作为又一个职业所需的理科课程。A.operation 手术；B.deal交易； C.career 职业；D.major专业。根据下文“He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron Ge

89、neral.”可知此处指他把医生作为又一个职业，故选C。12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以在2015年，艾伦比和他的过去断绝了联系。A.wires 电线；B.classes 课程；C.expenses 花费；D.ties联系；纽带。根据下文“He sold off his two shops.” 可知此处指他断绝了自己和过去的联系。故选D。13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年47岁的时候，艾伦比成为了医学博士。A.betrayed背叛； B.became变成； C.abandoned 放弃；遗弃；D.accepted接受。根据上文“he started at Medical Univers

90、ity”所以此处指他成为了医学博士。故选B。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是为生活付出的小小代价。A.fortune运气； B.fee费用； C.price 代价；D.salary薪水。根据上文，艾伦比为了实现自己的医生梦想，他出售了他的两个店铺，最终成了医学博士。所以这是他为生活付出的代价。故选C。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以追求梦想永远不会太晚。A.remember 记住；B.interpret 解释；C.forget忘记； D.pursue追求。根据上文可知，艾伦比成为了医学博士实现了自己的医生梦想，所以此处指追求梦想永远不晚。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15

91、分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Air pollution is no doubt a major concern in many big cities across the world. More than 80% of people living in urban areas _36_ (expose) to unsafe air, according to a report _37_ (deliver) by the World Health Organization.“Urban air pollution continues to rise at

92、_38_ alarming rate, doing great ham to human health,” said Dr. Maria Neira, the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At the same time, _39_ (aware) is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality.”In the past two years, the number of cities monitoring air pollut

93、ion _40_ (double)-now covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have _41_ the health of urban residents, _42_ (link) it to the risk of strokes, heart disease, lung cancer and many other diseases.The report also showed that low-and midd

94、le income countries _43_ (general) have poorer air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-and middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, _44_ 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also urged local governments to take stronger

95、 and _45_ (effect) measures to fight against air pollution.【答案】36. are exposed 37. delivered 38. an 39. awareness 40. has doubled 41. on 42. linking 43. generally 44. while 45. effective【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。报告还敦促地方政府采取更有力和有效的措施对抗空气污染。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超

96、过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。本句在陈述事实，所以为一般现在时，主语More than 80% of people与谓语expose为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填are exposed。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。结合上题分析，本句已经有谓语，空处填非谓语，a report 与deliver在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：世界卫生组织公共卫生和环境政策主任玛丽亚内拉博士说:“城市空气污染继续以惊人的速度增长，严重危害了

97、人类健康。rate为可数名词，本句表示泛指“以一种惊人的速度增长 ”，alarming首字母的发音为元音音素。 故填an。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：与此同时，人们的意识也在提高，越来越多的城市开始监控自己的空气质量。空处填名词awareness作主语，不可数名词。 故填awareness。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：在过去两年里，监测空气污染的城市数量翻了一番，现在覆盖了103个国家的约3000个城市。根据“In the past two years”可知。本句为现在完成时，the number of cities作主语，谓语动词为单数第三人称。 故填has doubled。【41题详解

98、】考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织警告称，糟糕的空气质量可能会对城市居民的健康造成严重影响，并将其与中风、心脏病、肺癌和许多其他疾病的风险联系起来。have effects on“对.有影响”为固定短语。故填on。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织警告称，糟糕的空气质量可能会对城市居民的健康造成严重影响，并将其与中风、心脏病、肺癌和许多其他疾病的风险联系起来。本句已经有谓语动词，空处填非谓动词，与前面逻辑主语the serious effects在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填linking。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：报告还显示，中低收入国家的空气质量普遍较差。副词gen

99、erally修饰动词have。 故填generally。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：收入和中等收入国家人口在10万或以上的城市中，约98%的城市不符合世卫组织的空气质量准则，而高收入国家中有56%的城市不符合标准。根据句意可知，前后句子表示对比关系，连词应为while。故填while。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：该报告还敦促地方政府采取更有力和有效的措施对抗空气污染。形容词effective修饰名词measures。故填effective。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华,学校网站的英语专栏正在开展“我的运动故事”主题征文活动。你打算投稿,请根据

100、下面的提示写一篇短文。标题已给出。1. 过去生活方式不健康,易生病,影响学习和生活;2. 发生改变的原因及改变;3. 现在的运动习惯和产生的积极结果。注意: 1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。My sports story_【答案】 My sports storyIn common with many young people, I used to lead an unhealthy life, such as staying up late, preferring fast food, disliking sports, etc. As a result, I fe

101、ll ill easily lacking energy, which greatly affected my study and life.Then I read an article that said jogging would make a difference to health. I came to realize the importance of doing sports rather than hating exercising. Things began to change. Instead of rarely working out, I made it a rule t

102、o run every day. Whats more, I ate a healthy, balanced diet, instead of being free to enjoy junk food.Finally, I stopped staying up late and enjoying myself by eating unhealthy food.Instead, I kept going for a jog at least half an hour daily. Now, Im crazy about jogging. Thanks to it, I become both

103、more energetic and healthier.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校网站的英语专栏正在开展的“我的运动故事”主题征文活动投稿，讲述运动给自己带来的改变。【详解】词汇积累认识到：seerealize每天的：everydaydaily喜欢：likebe crazy about影响：influencemake a difference to 2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I came to realize the importance of doing sports rather than hating exercising. Things began

104、to change.拓展句：Once I came to realize the importance of doing sports rather than hating exercising, things began to change.【点睛】高分句型1 As a result, I fell ill easily lacking energy, which greatly affected my study and life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Then I read an article that said jogging would make

105、a difference to health. (运用了that引导的定语从句)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Wylie lived in Scotland, far up on the hills, and helped her master take care of his sheep.Wylie watched over the sheep and the little lambs like a soldier, and never let anything hurt them. She drove them out

106、 to pasture when it was time, and brought them safely home when it was time for that. She loved her work, and was a wonderfully fine sheepdog.At last her master grew too old to stay alone on the hills. Before he left, he gave Wylie to two kind young men who lived in the nearest town; he knew they wo

107、uld be good to her. They grew very fond of her, and so did their old grandmother and the little children; she was so gentle and handsome and well behaved.But after a while, the family noticed something very strange indeed about their dog. Every single Tuesday night, about nine oclock. Wylie disappea

108、red. And she would be gone all night. But every Wednesday morning, she was at the door, waiting to be let in. Her silky coat was all sweaty and muddy and her feet heavy with weariness, but her bright eyes looked up at her masters as if she were trying to explain where she had been.Week after week, t

109、he same thing happened. Nobody could imagine where Wylie went every Tuesday night. They tried to follow her to find out, but she always slipped away. It grew to be a real mystery. Where in the world did Wylie go?In the city near the town where the kind young men lived was a big market. On Tuesday ni

110、ghts, the farmers used to come down from the hills, and drive their sheep through the city streets into the pens, ready to sell on Wednesday morning; that was the day they sold them. The sheep werent used to the city noises and sights, and they always grew afraid and wild, and gave the farmers and t

111、he sheepdogs a great deal of trouble. They broke away and ran about, in everybodys way.注意：1、所续写短文的词数应为150以上；2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。But just as the trouble was worst, about sunrise, the farmers would see a little silky dog come running._One day, Wylie went to walk with her two masters._【答案】Para 1:But ju

112、st as the trouble was worst, about sunrise, the farmers would see a little silky dog come running. In and out the little dog ran like the wind, round and about, always in the right place, driving the sheep mind like a good school-teacher and never frightening them, till they were all safely in! All

113、the other dogs together could not do as much as the little strange dog. As soon as her work was done, she was off and away like a fairy dog. Week after week, this happened and nobody knew who the little strange dog was.Para 2:One day, Wylie went to walk with her two masters. They happened to meet so

114、me sheep farmers. The farmers stopped short and stared at Wylie, and then they cried out, “Why, thats the dog!” And so it was. The little strange dog who helped with the sheep was Wylie. Her masters, of course, didnt know what the farmers meant till they were told all. But when hearing about the pre

115、tty strange dog, who came to market alone, they knew at last where Wylie went every Tuesday night. And they loved her better than ever.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Wylie是一只牧羊犬，住在苏格兰很远的山上，帮助她的主人照看他的羊群。后来主人年纪大了，不能独自呆在山上了，临走前，他把Wylie交给了住在最近镇上的两个善良的年轻人。但是这家人发现Wylie每周二晚上都不在，最后发现Wylie是去赶羊群去了。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“

116、但就在麻烦最严重的时候，大约在日出的时候，农民们会看到一只毛茸茸的小狗跑过来。”可知，第一段可描写Wylie赶羊群的过程。由第二段首句内容“一天，Wylie和她的两个主人去散步。”可知，第二段可描写Wylie的主人明白了Wylie每周二晚上消失的原因。2.续写线索：农民看到Wylie赶羊群Wylie和主人散步农民认出Wylie主人明白Wylie每周二晚上消失的原因3.词汇激活行为类看见：see /spot遇到：meet / come across帮助：help/ assist情绪类使害怕：frighten /terrify陌生的：strange / unknown【点睛】高分句型1 In an

117、d out the little dog ran like the wind, round and about, always in the right place, driving the sheep mind like a good school-teacher and never frightening them, till they were all safely in! (运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2 Week after week, this happened and nobody knew who the little strange dog was. (运用了who引导宾语从句)