2022版新高考人教版英语一轮复习学案：选修8 UNIT 3　INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS WORD版含解析.doc

1、 patent n.courtyard n.powder n.perfume n.stainless adj.cube n.passive adj.criterion n.valid adj.file n&vt.ripe adj.string n.glue n&vt.identification n.directory n.dial vt.rainfall n.lantern njam n.occasionally adv.dynamic adj.multiple adj.&n.dot n&vt.wire n.straw n.reproduce vt.current n&adj.helicop

2、ter n.triangle n.stable adj.refrigerator n.court n.extension n.version petence n.personnel n1(2019全国卷)The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jumpstart interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.开发；发掘2(2019天津卷)I was rea

3、dy to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. (情绪)突然侵袭3(2018全国卷)He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.携带4(湖北卷)Approximately 75 buildings still bear these unique characteristics. 带有(某种标记或外观特征)单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用

4、1distinguish vi.&vt.显示的差别； 使有所不同； 辨别2product n产品3merry adj.愉快的；高兴的4seize vt.抓住； 捉住；夺5claim n&vt.要求；声称；主张6bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担7forehead n额头8tap vt.&vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头9invaluable adj.无价的；极宝贵的10practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的用所给词的适当形式填空。1COVID 19 has claimed(claim)nearly one million lives since 20202You

5、r suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice)I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.3The country is at peace and the people go merrily (merry)to their work.4My father taught me how to bear(bear) a heavy burden.5The old man with grey hair had a distinguished(distinguish) ca

6、reer in medicine.派生单词语境运用1mercy n宽恕；仁慈merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的merciless adj.残忍的；无情的 2abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地3convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n方便；便利4caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地5expect v预料；期待；期望；认为expectation n预料；期待；期望 6recognize vt.认出；识别；承认recognition

7、 n认出；认可；承认 7freeze v冰冻freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的 frozen adj.冻结的8innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n天真；清白9occasion n时机；机会；场合occasional adj.偶然的 occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地10associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴；伙伴association n联系；联盟；协会用所给词的适当形式填空。1He is a cautious man and is always doing things with cautionYou should get on w

8、ith him cautiously(caution)2You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient, that is, at his convenience(convenient)3In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isnt any association between them.(associate)4This is my occasional visit to the t

9、heme park, in which I occasionally meet the cartoon characters I like most. (occasion)5It is freezing outside now, and more snow is falling on already frozen streets.(freeze)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1call up给打电话；使想起2now and then 偶尔；有时3set about 开始；着手4dive into迅速把手伸入；一心投入5set out (to do) 开始(做)6hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握

10、住7out of order次序颠倒；发生故障8get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9ring back回复电话10ring off挂断电话填入一个适当的词。After he decided on changing his job, Tom set about making preparations for a new one. He called up several companies asking whether they needed a computer operator. Despite the fact that he was often giv

11、en the cold shoulder, he managed to hang on and finally a large company rang back, agreeing to give him a chance. He got through their interview and was admitted to the company. He had an extra duty: repair the computers when they were out of order. In return, he was offered a very good salary, whic

12、h was quite beyond his expectations. Tom dived into his new job soon with great enthusiasm.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1“连词过去分词”省略结构Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.一旦曝光，胶卷就会被损坏而不能用了。Once exposed to light, the film will be damaged and get usel

13、ess.2so .that .引导结果状语从句The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.他的发明很实用，所以很快就获得了专利。His invention was so practical that he soon got a patent.3祈使句and/or陈述句Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something wort

14、h thinking about to occupy your mind.给我一次机会，我决不会辜负你的期望。Give me a chance, and Ill live up to your expectations.1distinguish vi.&vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(1)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.把与区分开来(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for. 因而出名be distinguished as. 作为而出名 distinguish dis

15、tant objects 辨认出远处的物体distinguish a whispered conversation 听清窃窃私语声distinguish between good and evil分清善恶 distinguish facts from rumours辨别事实和传闻distinguish himself by winning 4 prizes因获得4个奖项而名声大噪基础练习单句语法填空Reading good books enriches our minds and teaches us to distinguish(distinguish) between right and

16、wrong.(2019北京卷) This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.(2018浙江卷)No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished (distinguish) writer.链接写作完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)Because it is distinguished for its attractive scenery(

17、以其迷人的风景而闻名), Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(高级表达)Distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. (过去分词短语作状语)2bear vt.(bore，borne) 忍受；忍耐；负担；生育高考原句2019天津卷We learn to bear with the things we cant change.(1)bear doing sth.忍受做某事

18、bear sb. doing sth.忍受某人做某事(2)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that.记住bear your weight承受你的重量bear a heavy burden承担重任bear the responsibility/blame承担责任基础练习单句语法填空Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children.He cant bear people smoking (smoke) when hes eating.Why

19、 did Bob cry?He couldnt bear being laughed (laugh) at before the whole class.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)My mother often reminds me to remember that failure is the mother of success.(高级表达)My mother often reminds me to bear/keep in mind that failure is the mother of success.名师点津bear 作“忍受”讲时，其后跟动词ing短语作宾语，表示习惯性的动作；

20、也可接不定式作宾语，表示某一次具体动作，且多与can, could或be able to连用。3associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴；伙伴(1)associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.把和联系在一起be associated with.和有关(2)association n联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with.与合伙/合作business associates生意伙伴an associate editor/professor副主编/副教授the associate producer of a film联合制片人be associate

21、d with him in the project 和他一起做那个项目基础练习单句语法填空(2020全国卷)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.(2020全国卷)As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated(associate) with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers.We are working in association (ass

22、ociate) with a lot of local companies to raise money for the homeless.链接写作一句多译有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking(定语从句)There are many serious health problems associated with smoking(过去分词短语作定语)There are many serious health problems in association w

23、ith smoking. (介词短语作定语)4call up 给打电话；使想起call at 拜访(某个地点)call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来基础练习单句语法填空(2018江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain,

24、the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.The Ministry of Education calls on/upon students to exercise for an hour every day.链接写作完成句子地球日前一周，我们学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入这个“让地球变得更绿”的活动中来。A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on/upon us to join in the activity fo

25、r a greener earth名师点津 与“打电话”有关的短语：ring up给打电话；ring/call back回复电话；ring off 挂断电话；give sb.a ring/call 给某人打电话；hang/hold on不挂断电话。5get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽get across 被理解；使人了解get away with 被放过；受到从轻发落get down to 着手认真做某事get over 克服get on 进展；进步get in 收获基础练习写出下列句中get through的含义Ive been tryi

26、ng to phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with the network；I cant seem to get through.打通电话Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用光I managed to get through the

27、hard work and the pain was worth it in the end.(设法)做完链接写作完成句子不管怎样，我们现在在这儿，那就让我们着手做些要紧的活吧。Anyway, were here now, so lets get down to some serious work当我们陷入困境时，我们的朋友总会伸出援助之手， 帮助我们渡过难关。Our friends lend us a hand when we are in trouble and help us get through difficult situations名师点津常考的“动词through”短语：go

28、through检查；经历；look through浏览；仔细查看；break through突破(障碍)；pass through经过；路过6 教材佳句P25Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的大脑。句法句式本句为“祈使句and/or陈述句”句型。该句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and/or之后的句子相

29、当于主句，所以用一般将来时。(1)“祈使句and陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2)“祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句”相当于“if否定条件状语从句主句”。(3)“名词词组and陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more，another等词。金句推送Take care of the pence，and the pounds will take care of themselves.积少可以成多。基础练习单句语法填空Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith o

30、pen before you.Dont be too talkative, or you may leave a poor impression on others.A bit more effort, and you will settle the problem.(2018北京卷)In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highlytrained agent will get(get) you the help you need.链接写作一句多译给我一个机会，我会给你更多的回报。Give me a chance, and

31、 I will reward you with more.(祈使句)If you give me a chance, I will reward you with more.(if从句)Given a chance, I will reward you with more.(过去分词短语作状语)夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1The speech mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing (distinguish) between right and wrong.2Usually, the ar

32、tworks are made of red paper, as red is associated(associate) with happiness in Chinese culture, but other colors are also used.3Read this story, and you will realize(realize) that not everything can be bought with money.4I cant bear being kept(keep) waiting so long.5My parents urge me to be cautiou

33、s(caution)when Im making a decision, saying that it is not wise to put all the eggs in one basket.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Follow your teachers advice, or youll be left behind by your classmates.2Please bear in mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.3Your letter calls up the day

34、s when we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.4I couldnt get through to Hannah.Her brother was talking on the phone all the time!5The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1The father as well as his three children goes skating on the frozen

35、 (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.2He is always so busy with his work that he has no choice but to go to see his parents occasionally (occasional)3We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient(convenience) for you.4If we are blind to our own faults, we will not be ve

36、ry merciful(mercy)toward others.5We all have an expectation (expect) that we can be admitted to our own ideal universities this year.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order.You had better sort them out.2As soon as she got into the classroom, she set about preparing

37、 for the lessons.3I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition.4John rang up and he wanted you to ring him back the moment you returned.5Do you have any possible ways to help him get rid of such a bad habit?强技提能语言应用.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

38、确形式，并背诵该短文。Currently Ive become one of the personnel of the Patent Office. I am dynamic and never work 1passively (passive). Soon I am competent to identify 2whether/if a patent claim is valid based on the criteria. Usually an inventor 3files (file) a patent application with the expectation that he

39、can make a fortune by 4selling (sell) it. Yesterday two applications seized my attention. Someone 5submitted (submit) a system that could predict abrupt climate 6changes (change). He said he had tested the system with 7caution (cautious) and made sure it was stable as well 8as practical. The other w

40、as a simple game, through 9which small kids would learn merrily 10to distinguish (distinguish) shapes and colors.书面表达Step 1要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)得知您的设计部需要助手，我想申请这个职位。I have learned that your designing department is in need of an assistant, Id like to apply for the position.自从童年开始，我就着手设计东西。I have set

41、about designing things since my childhood.在过去的两年中，我一直潜心设计并在设计大赛中获得一等奖。In the past two years, I have been diving into designing and have won first prize in a designing competition.我能忍受艰苦的训练而且喜欢与人交往。I can bear hard training and like to associate with others我对电脑操作和办公软件运用自如，这可以帮我顺利完成工作。I feel comfortabl

42、e with computer operation and office software, which can help me get through my work well如果被雇用，我将竭尽全力以不辜负您的期望。If I am employed, I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations如果您考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.Step 2表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)用现在分词作状语升级句Lear

43、ning that your designing department is in need of an assistant, Id like to apply for the position.用省略句升级句If employed, I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations.Step 3衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)Dear Sir/Madam，Learning that your designing department is in need of an assistant, Id like to apply

44、for the position.I have set about designing things since my childhood. In the past two years, I have been diving into designing and have won first prize in a designing competition. In addition, I can bear hard training and like to associate with others. Meanwhile, I feel comfortable with computer operation and office software, which can help me get through my work well. If employed, I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations. I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.Yours，Li Hua