2022版新高考人教版英语一轮复习课时练：16 必修4　UNIT 1　WOMEN OF ACHIEVEMENT WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时提能练(十六) 必修4Unit 1Women of achievementA：知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Lucy was better at 1observation (observe) than most children of her generation. She had intended to become a lawyer but changed her mind when she met Dr. Cooper, who was delivering medical courses to a large crowd of audience. Cooper inspir

2、ed her to study medicine and supported her to a medical institute. Lucy is now a 2specialist (special), working in the 3emergency (emerge) department of a hospital. Her being considerate and 4modest (modesty) has won her much respect from her patients. The 5organization (organize) she founded has la

3、unched campaigns to help cut the death rate for children under 12She often connects her 6achievement (achieve) with Dr. Cooper, adding that the same responsibility creates a very strong bond between them.B(考查动词)A convincing speech 7was delivered (deliver) by a psychologist at yesterdays conference 8

4、arguing (argue) about how parenting styles affect childrens behaviour. In his opinion, children must be punished when they fail 9to observe (observe) public rules and regulations. If a child 10behaves (behave) well, he deserves to be praised and rewarded then and there. There are many experts 11supp

5、orting (support) his viewpoint, saying that kids wont learn right from wrong if parents dont 12intend (intend) to punish.C(考查句型)A man came 13flying (fly) round the corner and bumped into me. He looked so familiar that I must have seen him somewhere. Suddenly 14it hit me that he was just the criminal

6、 the police had wanted. What should I do? Trying to stop or catch him meant 15putting (put) my life at risk. Fortunately, two policemen arrived soon and the man was arrested. Only then 16did(do) I feel my heart beating fast and my legs trembling slightly.根据提示补全句子 1在过去的几年里，中国在科学技术方面取得了巨大成就。In the las

7、t few years，China has made great achievements in science and technology.2我突然想起来我把雨伞忘在了公交车上。It hit me that I had left my umbrella on the bus.3尽管条件极其困难，我们必须坚持工作，直到取得成功。We must carry on working up till we succeed in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.4只有通过努力你才能在学习上取得进步。Only by working hard wil

8、l you make progress in your studies.5就在他要上床睡觉的时候，电话铃响了。It was when he was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.(强调句型)B：能力层面.阅读理解AIm Amanda Gorman.Ive been crazy about writing poetry since third grade.After polishing up my skills for about a decade and having judges review my poetry and videos

9、of my performances，I was named the countrys Youth Poet Laureate in 2017Ive read my work at the Library of Congress.Its been an excellent journey especially since I used to have trouble saying half of the alphabet.My twin sister Sarah and I were born very prematurely，which led to lots of ear infectio

10、ns.I didnt have as much luck as Sarah and the ear infections left me with a severe hearing problem，making it difficult to understand speech，which caused me to develop a speech impediment(障碍)My sister would have to translate when I spoke because people had no idea what I was saying.Writing wasnt just

11、 fun；it was a way to have my voice heard and to stop me from feeling pity for my disability.And I was determined to read my poetry in front of audiences.Our single mom couldnt always afford medical help.Sometimes she had to choose：Shall I put food on the table or make sure Amanda can say this word?

12、When we couldnt pay，Id spend about an hour a day recording my talking and correcting the mistakes again and again.But poetry was a constant.I didnt need expensive materials to train myself to be better at that.At age 20，I still suffer from selfdoubt，but I have got a necklace which my grandmother gav

13、e me.When Im nervous before performing，I hold it and say，“I am the daughter of black writers who fought for their freedom，broke their chains and changed the world.”And usually after saying that，Im ready to go.【语篇解读】Amanda Gorman因为早产而有听力方面的问题和随之导致的语言障碍，但她从小酷爱写诗，并一直坚持，在2017年获得了“青年桂冠诗人”的称号。1Why was the

14、 visit to the Library of Congress special for Amanda?ABecause she received a big award after the visit.BBecause she was inspired to write poetry there.CBecause she did some reading for the audience.DBecause she succeeded in saying the alphabet there.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Ive read my work at the Library o

15、f Congress.Its been an excellent journey especially since I used to have trouble saying half of the alphabet”可知，国会图书馆之行对于Amanda来说很特别是因为她在那里朗读了自己的作品，故选C。2How is Sarah different from Amanda?ASarah is physically healthier.BSarah finds writing much more fun.CSarah likes public speaking a lot more.DSarah

16、 didnt have ear infections as a baby.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I didnt have as much luck as Sarah”和“My sister would have to translate”可推知，Sarah的身体状况要比Amanda好，故A项正确。3What did Amanda think of her mom?AHer mom didnt like setting the table.BHer mom struggled to support the family.CHer mom showed little concern for

17、 her.DHer mom was good at correcting her mistakes.B细节理解题。 根据第三段第一、二句“Our single mom couldnt always afford medical help.say this word”可知，Amanda的母亲辛苦养家，故B项正确。4What can we know about Amanda from the last paragraph?AShes a black woman.BShes always confident.CShe has many necklaces.DShe aims to change th

18、e world.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I am the daughter of black writers”可知，Amanda是一个黑人，故选A。B(2020湖北省部分重点中学第一次联考)Having an older brother or sister comes with plenty of benefits.Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings，and despite the occasional rocky moments，many siblings have lifelong

19、 close relationships.However，a new study finds the interesting downside：children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.The study，conducted by a group of researchers in Paris，France，builds on the earlier research that had already established that having older sib

20、lings is associated with poor linguistic (语言的)development.Now，researchers say they have come to a more specific conclusion：only children with older brothers exhibit these linguistic difficulties.One would assume that children with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basi

21、s，thus speeding up their language development.Yet researchers say such children actually take longer than their older brothers to begin developing these skills.Researchers studied more than 1，000 children from their birth to the age of five and a half years old.Each childs language skills were teste

22、d at ages 2，3，and 5.5，using tests specially designed to measure numerous aspects of language development such as vocabulary，syntax(句法)，and verbal reasoning.What the research team discovered was significant：children with older brothers had，on average，a twomonth delay in their language development com

23、pared to children with older sisters.When explaining this phenomenon，researchers have proposed two hypotheses(假设)The first hypothesis is that older sisters tend to talk more often than older brothers，which would make up for parents potentially being less present than they were for their first child.

24、The second is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings less than older brothers for their parents love.So far，the studys authors say they cant say for certain why children with older brothers have a harder time developing language skills.In the future they would like to investigate if

25、cultures or locations impact the results of the study.【语篇解读】有一个哥哥或姐姐有很多益处，哥哥和姐姐倾向于照顾他们的弟弟妹妹，但一项新的研究发现，有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展比较慢。5People may enjoy having brothers and sisters because _Asiblings may affect the speed of language learningBthey share the happy moments on rocky mountainsColder brothers and sisters

26、 will take care of younger onesDall siblings will stay close to each other no matter what happensC推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“Big brothers and sisters tend to look out for their younger siblings”可知，哥哥和姐姐往往会照顾他们的弟弟、妹妹，由此可推知，很多人可能喜欢有哥哥、姐姐，是因为哥哥、姐姐们会照顾弟弟、妹妹。故选C。【干扰项分析】根据文章第一段最后一句的表述可知，一项新的研究表明拥有哥哥的孩子，语言能力发展需要更久的时

27、间，这是有哥哥不好的一面，不应该是人们喜欢有哥哥的原因，故排除A项；根据第一段第二句中的“despite the occasional rocky moments，many siblings have lifelong close relationships”可知，尽管偶尔会有关系难以维持的时刻，但许多兄弟姐妹一生都保持着亲密的关系，故B、D两项表述错误。6What does the previous research suggest about having older siblings?AMany children prefer having brothers and sisters.BI

28、t will affect the younger ones language development.COlder brothers may have something to do with the linguistic difficulties.DChildren with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“the earlier research that had already established that having older si

29、blings is associated with poor linguistic(语言的)development”可知，之前的研究表明，有哥哥姐姐与语言能力发展不良有关。故选B。7Why do children with older brothers experience the delay in language development?AProbably because older brothers are eager for more attention.BProbably because parents tend to focus more on the first child.CP

30、robably because children with older brothers are usually less competitive.DProbably because older sisters get less love from their parents compared to older brothers.A推理判断题。根据第六段第三句“The second is that older sisters usually compete with their siblings less than older brothers for their parents love”可

31、知，对于有哥哥的孩子语言能力发展比有姐姐的慢这个现象的原因，研究人员提出的第二个假设是，为了得到父母的爱，姐姐们通常比哥哥们更少地与弟弟妹妹竞争。由此可推知，哥哥们渴望得到更多的关注。故选A。8Which one is the best title for the passage?AHaving older siblings：a good thing or a disaster?BThe delay of your childrens language developmentCWhy do children suffer from poor language skills?DOlder bro

32、thers may affect younger ones in language learningD标题判断题。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展要比有姐姐的孩子慢。文章第一段介绍了该研究的发现，第二至第七段详细介绍了该研究的过程、发现及对这种现象发生原因的假设，故D项最适合作本文标题。.完形填空(2020山东泰安二模)I was 17 years old.Along with a dozen other boys I had made a long trip to Iowa in order to see a college that I was thinking o

33、f 1 While the trip had been 2 for the most part，now that I was there I was feeling depressed，alone，and isolated.I was missing my 3 and I was also missing the Appalachian Mountains and the forests of my home.I loved 4 the leaves turned a thousand shades of green in the spring and then 5 a sea of red，

34、gold，and orange in the fall.Here in Iowa everything was 6 The grass looked burnt and brown.All that I could 7 was a mixture of corn，mud，and pigs.I walked outside the dormitory and sat on an old stump.I closed my eyes and 8 being back home again.When I finally opened them，however，I saw something that

35、 touched my 9 It was a Prairie Sunset.It seemed to 10 the sky from horizon to horizon.Gold，red，purple and pink clouds all 11 together in a picture painted by Heavens own hand.It was so huge that it took my breath away.It made our mountain sunsets seem 12 by comparison.I realized that this place too

36、had its own special beauty.This place too was a part of natures 13 Over the years to come I learned something else.Each of us has a special beauty 14 Each of us has our own 15 talents and abilities.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者离开家乡到异地上大学，起初对那里的风景感到失望，但后来被那里的日落美景震撼，由此感叹：每个地方、每个人都有其独特的美。1Aassisting BattendingCvisit

37、ingDquittingB根据前文“I was 17 years old.”以及设空处前“to Iowa in order to see a college”可推知，作者到了读大学的年纪，应该是先去看看自己想要就读的大学，attend意为“定期去(某处)”，故选B项。assist意为“辅助”；visit意为“参观”；quit意为“离开；放弃”。2Afun BhardCnovel DtiresomeA根据设空处前的“While”和下文“I was feeling depressed，alone，and isolated”可知，前后句语义之间是转折关系，故可推知此处表示这趟旅行的大部分时间都很有趣

38、，fun意为“有趣的”，故选A项。hard意为“困难的；坚硬的”；novel意为“新奇的”；tiresome意为“讨厌的”。3Achance BschoolCfamily DgoalC根据下文的“also missing.the forests of my home”可知，作者还想念家乡的阿巴拉契亚山脉和森林，由此可推知，此处表示想念家人，family意为“家人”，故选C项。chance意为“机会”；school意为“学校”；goal意为“目标”。4Awhen BhowCwhy DwhetherB根据设空处后的“the leaves turned a thousand shades of gr

39、een in the spring.”可知，此处描述的是树叶变换成千种深浅不一的绿色的过程，应用how引导宾语从句，how在从句中作方式状语，故选B项。when意为“何时”。why意为“为什么”；whether意为“是否”。5Abecame BfloodedCdrew DsurroundedA根据语境可知，此处表示树叶在春天变绿之后又在秋天变成红色、金色及橙色，become意为“变成”，故选A项。flood意为“淹没”；draw意为“描绘”；surround意为“包围”。6Aeasy BbeautifulCflat DroughC上文作者描述了家乡的美景，结合下文“The grass look

40、ed burnt and brown(这里草木枯黄)”可知，作者将艾奥瓦州的风景与家乡的作对比，认为艾奥瓦州的一切都是平淡和单调的，flat意为“平淡的，单调的”，故选C项。easy意为“容易的”；beautiful意为“美丽的”；rough意为“粗糙的”。7Ahear BtouchCtaste DsmellD根据设空处后的“a mixture of corn，mud，and pigs”并结合选项可知，此处指嗅觉感触，能闻到的只有玉米、泥土和猪的混合气味，smell意为“闻到”，故选D项。hear意为“听到”；touch意为“触摸”；taste意为“品尝”。8Acared about Bpre

41、pared forCdreamed ofDthought overC根据上文的描述和与家乡的对比可知，作者起初对此地失望，闭上眼睛想象自己回到了家乡，dream of意为“想象”，故选C项。care about意为“关心”；prepare for意为“为做准备”；think over意为“仔细考虑”。9Abody BsoulCface DpainB根据设空处后的“It was a Prairie Sunset.”以及下文对日落场景的描述“It was so huge that it took my breath away.”可知，作者睁开眼看到的是五彩斑斓的云布满天空，感受到了心灵的震颤，灵魂

42、受到了触动，soul意为“灵魂”，故选B项。body意为“身体”；face意为“脸”；pain意为“痛苦”。10Afill BcoverCseparate DblockA根据语境可知，此处指云彩漫布天际，fill意为“布满”，故选A项。cover意为“覆盖”；separate意为“(使)分开，分离”；block意为“封锁”。11Afolded BsankCescaped DflowedD根据语境并结合常识可知，色彩斑斓的云彩瞬息万变，像是在一幅画里流动。flow意为“流动”，故选D项。fold意为“折叠”；sink意为“下沉”；escape意为“逃避”。12Atiny BpaleCsplend

43、id DweakA根据上文“It was so huge that it took my breath away.”和空后的“by comparison”可知，此处与huge相对比，tiny意为“渺小的”，故选A项。pale意为“苍白的”；splendid意为“辉煌的”；weak意为“虚弱的”。13Achange BpunishmentCcreation DreflectionC根据上文对于日落的描述和上文的“this place too had its own special beauty”可知，这个地方的美也是来源于大自然的造化，creation意为“创造”，故选C项。change意为“改

44、变；变化”；punishment意为“惩罚”；reflection意为“反映；反思”。14Aas well Bin additionCfor sure Din betweenA此句为作者在目睹艾奥瓦州日落美景之后发出的感慨：每一个地方都有独特的美景，我们每个人亦拥有各自独特的美，as well意为“也；同样”，故选A项。in addition意为“此外”；for sure意为“确定；毫无疑问地”；in between意为“在中间”。15Aextra BuniqueCpossible DreasonableB根据第14题空前的special和上文作者描述的艾奥瓦州独特的日落之美可知，此处作者想表达，每个人都有独特的美、独具的天赋和才能，unique意为“独特的”，故选B项。extra意为“额外的”；possible意为“可能的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。