新教材2021-2022学年英语外研版选择性必修第二册学案：UNIT 6 SURVIVAL　STARTING OUT .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 6SurvivalStarting out & Understanding ideas词汇知识自主学习. 根据语境写出正确的单词1. organized crime 有组织的犯罪2. be greedy for wealth贪财3. catch the thief抓住小偷4. lamb of god上帝的羔羊5. commit a crime犯罪6. garbage collection垃圾回收7. hard to estimate难以估计8. apprecia

2、te our wild neighbours欣赏我们的野生邻居9. a crucial decision关键性的决定10. restrict urban development限制城市的发展. 根据语境选择恰当的介、副词填空1. It is almost as if our cities are being taken over by wild animals. 2. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing the animals out of t

3、heir natural habitats. 3. Shockingly, these deaths amount to around ten per cent of the total US bird population. 4. Today, foxes can be seen all over Londonone even being found living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was under construction. 5. They frequently have to figure out diffi

4、cult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers which they would not find in the wild. 6. Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes. 7. Their city location also means that they are getting a taste for the multicultural cuisine on offer from

5、 the garbage. 8. However, they adapt to our ways of urban living. . 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子1. No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. 不管他犯了多少次罪, 警察都无力逮捕他。2. Its we humans who have moved into their territory. 是我们人类进入了它们的领地。3. With nowhere else to make their homes, they

6、have no choice but to move in with us. 由于无处安家, 它们别无选择只能搬来和我们一起居住。4. Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有这样, 我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。5. There is evidence that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins. 有证据表明, 城市浣熊比野生近亲更聪明。根据给出的构词规律写出下列单词1. -ment用于动词后构

7、成名词commitcommitment 承诺; 保证movemovement 运动; 移动treattreatment 治疗; 对待equipequipment 设备; 装备2. v. + out构成动词短语figure out 解决; 算出; 理解break out 爆发drop out 辍学work out 算出; 想出; 锻炼set out 动身; 出发阅读研析合作学习Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. Task 2文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)Who

8、is to blame for stealing a bag of shopping? A. A greedy thief. B. An ordinary criminal. C. A chacma baboon. D. A clever fox. (2)Why had so many animals rushed into our cities? A. The human beings had cut down too many forests. B. The human beings had moved into the territory of the animals. C. The a

9、nimals love the ways to live in cities. D. The climate change had destroyed the way of living of animals. (3)How can we learn that urban racoons are more intelligent? A. They could open the rubbish bins easily. B. They can find homes in the containers. C. They become active at night. D. They are fam

10、iliar with the hamburgers. (4)Why do birds crash into windows? A. Because they fly too fast. B. Because there are too many birds. C. Because they have already changed their migratory routes. D. Because they mistake glass for blue sky. 答案: (1)(4)CBAD2. Long sentence analysis. 译文: 无论这是多么真实, 我们也需要细想, 一

11、些所谓的“城市动物”从来没有移动过是我们人类进入了它们的领地。译文: 有证据表明, 城市里的浣熊比它们的野生近亲更聪明, 因为它们经常要解决一些难题, 比如如何打开垃圾箱和其他容器, 而这些是它们在野外找不到的。3. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. Nowadays, more and more wild animals are entering cities. Most of us assume that urban (1)development(develop) and climate change push the animals o

12、ut of their habitats. But it is humans (2)who have moved into their territory. Cities offer (3)increasingly(increasing) appealing spaces to animals as habitats. These animals can be out of reach from their natural (4)predators(predator). Whats more, (5)hungry(hunger) animals are finding plenty to ea

13、t. Urban animals are (6)more intelligent(intelligent) than their wild cousins. Some animals have changed their living habits to fit (7)in with their new homes. Some species are more affected (8)than others. These birds have yet to change their (9)migratory(migrate) routes. We should learn to better

14、understand and appreciate our wild neighbours and (10)harmoniously(harmonious) share our urban habitats. Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. What wild animals are there in your school or community? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)Wild cat, pheasant, crow, sparrow and so on. 2. What will you do when you see them? (Critical

15、 Thinking批判性思维)I will feed them with leftovers and if possible I will make a nest for them because I think they are our friends and we human beings should live in harmony with animals. 要点精研探究学习1. hesitate vi. 犹豫, 迟疑不决*(2020全国卷) When they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, the

16、y wont hesitate to open them and walk through. 当他们遇到生活中的其他门时, 不论是真实的还是隐喻的, 他们都会毫不犹豫地打开门走过去。*In case you need something, please dont hesitate to tell me. 如果你需要什么东西, 请毫不犹豫地告诉我。*No matter when our motherland needs us, we will go without hesitation. 无论什么时候, 只要祖国需要, 我们就会毫不犹豫地出发。【词块积累】(1)hesitate to do st

17、h. 迟疑做某事, 不愿做某事hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation n. 踌躇; 犹豫without hesitation毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事(1)语法填空I accepted the job without hesitation(hesitate), as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr Davis. He never hesitates to help(

18、help) me whenever Im in trouble. He is still hesitating about whether to take part in the sports meeting. (2)If you need more information, dont hesitate to tell me. 如果你需要了解更多信息, 要毫不犹豫地告诉我。 2. greedy adj. 贪婪的, 贪心的, 渴望的*Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didnt hesitate. 贪婪的窃贼

19、在发现有辆车的车窗未关后, 没有丝毫犹豫。*Tom is greedy to do his homework to have a comfortable holiday. 汤姆为了有一个舒适的假期急着做家庭作业。【词块积累】 (1)be greedy for. . . 渴望得到be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事It is/was greedy of sb. to do sth. 做某事对于某人来讲真是贪婪(2)greedily adv. 贪婪地; 贪食地 (1)语法填空Tom is so greedy for knowledge that he reads every boo

20、k available. They are greedy to adjust (adjust) themselves to their new school. It was greedy of them to take possession of as much land as possible. 他们贪婪地占有了尽可能多的土地。(2)Out of the hospital, he took off his mask and breathed the fresh air greedily. 走出医院, 他摘下口罩, 贪婪地呼吸着新鲜的空气。3. commit v. 做出(错或非法的事); 犯(

21、罪行或错误); 自杀; 承诺, 保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等); 全心投入*You dont have to commit anything over the phone. 你不用在电话里承诺什么。*He was committed to the care of an aunt. 他被托付给一个姨妈照顾。*He was a strongly committed comrade of the Party. 他是一个对党非常忠诚的同志。*(2019全国卷)You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This

22、 is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. 你还需要判断你的动机的质量和深度。这很重要, 因为它直接关系到你的承诺。【词块积累】(1)commit sb. to(doing)sth. 使某人承诺(做)某事commit oneself to(doing)sth. 答应(做)某事commit suicide/a crime/murder自杀/犯罪/谋杀be committed to致力于; 委身于(2)commitment n. 承诺, 保证, 已承诺的事committed adj. 忠诚的; 坚信

23、的commit oneself to(doing)sth. 表示“专心致志于”, to是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。(1)语法填空He committed himself to the study of plants. He committed himself to reforming(reform) health care. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment (commit) finally bore fruit. (2)写出下列句子中comm

24、it的意思Most crimes are committed by young men. 犯(罪行和错误)The President is committed to reforming health care. 承诺There are unconfirmed reports that he tried to commit suicide. 自杀4. estimate v. 估计, 估算*Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in

25、 the US alone. 最近的研究估计, 仅在美国, 每年就有4亿到10亿只鸟因撞向窗户而死亡。*(2018天津高考)The global population is expected to grow to 9. 6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. 到2050年, 全球人口预计将增长到96亿, 一些分析家估计, 食物生产将需要增加50%才能维持目前的水平。* (2

26、020天津高考)Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didnt know your background. 很抱歉夫人, 我低估了你, 因为我不知道你的背景。*Its estimated that 20% of the Amazon, the worlds biggest rainforest, has been cleared, mainly as a result of logging and farming. 据估计, 亚马逊热带雨林世界上最大的热带雨林的20%已经被夷为平地, 主要是伐木业和农业造成的结果。【词块积累】 (1)est

27、imate sth. (at sth. )估计/估算/估价(为)be estimated to be/have估计有estimate that. . . =It is estimated that. . . 据估计/估算(2)estimate n. (对数量、成本等的)估计; 估价a conservative/rough estimate保守/粗略估计(3)underestimatev. 低估overestimatev. 高估(1)We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much money would be required. 我们

28、只能大致地估计需要多少钱。(2)Teachers often tell us that one must have a correct estimate of himself and never underestimate his potential, nor overestimate his strength. 老师们经常告诉我们, 一个人必须对自己有一个正确的认识, 永远不要低估了自己的潜力, 也不要高估了自己的实力。5. appeal vi. 有吸引力; 呼吁; 诉诸; 上诉*As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly ap

29、pealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. 随着我们的城市绿化越来越好, 它们越来越吸引寻找新栖息地的动物。*(2019天津高考)The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. 那本书吸引了全世界350多年。*She appealed to the High Court against the sentence. 她不服判决, 并向高等法院提起上诉。*With this plan carried in the ci

30、ty, we can better appeal to people to reduce pollution. 随着计划在这个城市的实施, 我们能够更好地呼吁人们降低污染。*Music has little/no appeal for me. 音乐对我没有什么吸引力。【词块积累】 (1)appeal to sb. for/to do. . . 向某人呼吁/恳求某人做appeal to sb. 吸引某人; 投合某人所好appeal to force诉诸武力make an appeal to sb. 向某人提出呼吁have no/little appeal for sb. (几乎)对某人没有吸引力

31、(2)appealing adj. 吸引人的; 恳求的appeal 用作名词, 通常与 to 或 for 连用; 用作动词, 通常与 to 或 against 连用。(1)语法填空The idea of a holiday abroad is certainly appealing(appeal). We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge. In recent years, our government has been appealing people to save (save) water. (2)

32、Some educators appeal to the public to pay more attention to their physical health. 一些教育家呼吁公众要更加关注他们的身体健康。(3)When it comes to my favourite sports, I must say it is table tennis that appeals to me most. 当谈到我最喜欢的运动时, 我必须得说是乒乓球最吸引我。6. appreciate v. 欣赏, 赏识; 感激, 感谢; 理解; 意识到*He knew how much we loved the

33、place and that wed appreciate the years of work they had put into their home. 他知道我们很喜欢这个地方, 我们会感激他们为这所房子所付出的数年的劳动。*I would truly appreciate it if you are willing to give a hand to me. 如果您能帮我一个忙我将不胜感激。*(2019全国卷)I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me

34、 a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. 我曾经写过一篇关于童话对罗尔德达尔写作影响的论文, 这篇论文让我对罗尔德达尔奇特而有趣的世界有了新的认识。【词块积累】appreciate作“感激, 感谢“讲时, 其宾语不能是人, 只能是物; appreciate后面也可以先跟it再跟宾语从句, 其中it为形式宾语, 指代后面宾语从句的内容, 类似用法的动词还有like, hate, love 等。(1)语法填空Id appreciate it if you could take my application into acc

35、ount. As he grew older, his appreciation (appreciate) of art grew. Id appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible. None of us appreciate being made (make) fun of in our daily life. (2)Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether you will come or not. 如果你能提前告知你是否会来, 我将

36、不胜感激。7. crucial adj. 至关重要的, 关键性的*One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt. “城市动物”数量增加的一个关键因素是它们的适应能力。*This focus was crucial to our coming to any breakthrough thinking. 这种专注对于我们获得任何突破性思维都是至关重要的。*(2018江苏高考) One crucial factor is secure access to land. 一个

37、关键因素是土地的安全使用。【词块积累】be crucial to对至关重要a crucial factor/issue/decision一个关键性的因素/问题/决定It is crucial that. . . 重要的是(1)语法填空Keeping world markets relatively open is crucial to the hopes of billions of people. (2)It is crucial that we get this right. 把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。(3)One crucial thing to do is to clear any

38、thing urgent before you go away. 一个要做的重要的事情是在你离开之前要清楚任何紧要的事情。8. Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有到那时, 我们才能展望与它们和谐地共享城市栖息地的未来。【句式分析】句中only修饰时间状语then, 置于句首, 句子用部分倒装, 把情态动词can提前。*(2019全国卷)Only then should you set your goals. 只有到那时你才能设定你的目标。*Only when he graduate

39、did he realize how much precious time he had wasted. 当他毕业的时候他才意识到他浪费了多少宝贵的时间。*Only when we stop ignoring the problems can we make an actual difference. 只有当我们不再忽视这些问题的时候, 我们才能真正有所不同。*Only in this way can the health of students be greatly improved. 只有这样, 学生的健康才能得到很大的改善。(1)在only后作状语的是从句时, 从句不要用倒装, 要部分倒

40、装的是主句。(2)在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语, 则主句用倒装结构。如only后跟的是主语, 就不用倒装结构了。(1)Only then did we realize the importance of working out/taking exercise regularly. 直到那时我们才意识到经常锻炼身体的重要性。 (2)Only when her friend was badly hurt did she realize her habit of finding fault. 只有当她的朋友受了重伤, 她才意识到自己挑毛病的习惯。(3)Only throug

41、h our joint efforts can we build a harmonious society. 只有通过我们的共同努力才能构建一个和谐社会。 【要点拾遗】1. crime n. 罪, 罪行*(2020天津高考)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes. 孤独是一个严重的社会问题, 会导致抑郁甚至犯罪。*Its a crime to waste so much money. 挥霍这么多钱是一种罪过。*Anyone who instigates a

42、person under the age of 18 to commit a crime shall be given a heavier punishment. 教唆不满十八周岁的人犯罪的, 应当从重处罚。*You see, this was not an ordinary criminal, it was a chacma baboon. 你懂得, 这不是一个普通的罪犯, 这是一只南非大狒狒。【词块积累】commit a crime犯罪; 犯下罪行criminal adj. 犯罪的; 刑法的, 刑事的; 不道德的n. 罪犯(1)用crime的适当形式填空Its a crime to was

43、te food. In most peoples eyes, she was nothing more than a common criminal. (2)If you commit a crime, you can never escape being punished. 你要是犯罪, 就逃脱不了受惩罚。 2. under construction 在建设之中*Today, foxes can be seen all over Londonone even being found living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it

44、was under construction! 今天, 在伦敦到处都可以看到狐狸, 甚至有一只狐狸被发现生活在碎片建筑的72层, 当时它正在建造中! *Many new buildings are still under construction. 许多新的大楼尚在修建中。*Whether the bridge will be in use is under discussion. 这座大桥是否将被启用尚在讨论之中。*Our country has taken effective measures to get drunk driving under control. 我们国家已经采取有效措施

45、来控制酒驾。【词块积累】 “under+n. ”表示被动意义under consideration在考虑中under discussion在讨论中under repair在修理中under control处于控制之下under debate在争论中under the umbrella of在的保护下, 在的管理下(1)The old buildings which were damaged are still under repair. 那些被损坏的古建筑仍在修缮之中。(2)We tried hard to get the fire under control, though we knew

46、the smoke was harmful to our health. 尽管我们知道烟对我们的健康有害, 但我们还是努力控制火势。(3)Your proposals are still under consideration. 你的建议仍在考虑之中。(4)Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is still under debate. 污染是否与那种疾病有直接的联系尚在讨论之中。3. However they adapt to our ways of urban living, its important that we g

47、et a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. 无论它们如何适应我们在城市的生活方式, 重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会赏识我们来自野外的邻居。 【句式解构】*It is necessary/important/vital/surprising/unthinkable/strange/natural/a pity/essential后的that从句中谓语动词用“should +动词原形”, should可以省略。should有时带有感情色彩, 意为“竟然”。*It is strange

48、 that the meeting should be put off till next week. 会议竟然推迟到下个星期, 真奇怪。*(2018江苏高考)Its strange that he should have taken the books without the owners permission. 真奇怪, 他居然没有得到主人的允许就把书拿走了。*It is important that we should wear masks to prevent the spread of disease. 重要的是我们应该戴上口罩来预防疾病的传播。(1)Its essential th

49、at we (should)hold a meeting to discuss the problem. 我们有必要下周开会讨论一下这个问题。(2)Its natural that girls pursue fashion. 女生追求时尚是很自然的事情。(3)However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour. 然而, 很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。拓视野观天下1. Whatever the controversies behind the new trend, some traditional beauty

50、 on modern streets will indeed add a bit of vitality and diversity to urban life. 不管这股新潮流背后有什么争议, 现代街道上出现一些传统美确实会给城市生活增添一点活力和多样性。2. Everyone in the countryfrom businesses to residentsmust keep their food waste out of the garbage. 国家的每一个个体从企业到居民都不能把粮食丢到垃圾堆里。3. Premier Li Keqiang said in his instructi

51、on that improving vocational skills is a crucial foundation for the countrys manufacturing and services industries to move to a medium-to-high level. 李克强总理在批示中指出, 提高职业技能是促进中国制造业和服务业迈向中高端水平的重要基础。4. The British government introduced some measures. The measures will restrict where in a store promotions on such products can be advertised, and unhealthy promotions will not be allowed at checkouts, shop entrances or at the end of aisles. 英国政府出台了一些措施。此次出台的措施包括限制垃圾食品促销广告在商店的摆放位置, 禁止在收银台、入口处和过道尽头对垃圾食品进行促销。关闭Word文档返回原板块