2021年高考英语二轮复习 冠词语法突破训练（含解析）.doc

1、冠词概念：冠词是虚词, 置于名词之前, 限定名词的意义，分为定冠词和不定冠词。用法：一、 不定冠词 a/an （泛指）1. a用于辅音音素发音开头的词前, 如：a book; an用于元音音素发音开头的词前，如 an ant , an interesting story注意:以元音字母开头，发音却以辅音音素开头的单词，如: a European, a university, a usual job,以辅音字母开头，发音却以元音音素开头的单词，如: an hour，an honest boy, an unusual job 注意字母发音，a “u”, an “a/e/i/o/f/h/l/m/n/

2、r/s/x”2. a/an+ 单数可数名词 泛指某人或某物，表示“一(个), 某(个), 毎(个)等3. alan+物质名词/专有名词/抽象名词:a/an+物质名词”表示“一阵一场,一杯”等 a heavy rain 一场大雨 ; a coffee 译本：一杯咖啡a/an+专有名词”表示某一个不认识的人”a Mr. Wanga/an+抽象名词”表示一个具体的人或物”a success 一个成功的人/一件成功的事; a failure一个失败的人/一件失败的事4. a/an+序数词/形容词最高级+单数可数名词:a/an+序数词” 表示“又一， 再一” give me a second chanc

3、e a/an+形容词最高级+单数可数名词”表示非常的. a most interesting book5. 含有不定冠词的固定搭配have a taste尝一下 have a look看一看 have/take a walk散步as a result结果 keep an eye on照看 take a rest/break休息一下in a word简言之 in a hurry匆忙地 in a way/sense在某种意义上make a choice 选择 make a plan制定计划 make a living谋生go on a diet节食 give sb. a hand / do sb.

4、 a favor 帮助某人 at a loss不知所措have a cold感冒 have a fever/temperature 发烧 all of a sudden 突然二、定冠词the (特指)1. the(+形容词)+名词 特指的人或事物上文提到过的人或物说话双方都知道的人或事物 2. the+独一无二的事物 如：the sun, the moon, the earth; the universe3. the用于序数词和形容词最高级前 如：the first, the best-known novel 4. the+方位词 /大陆、大洋 如：the left, the right; t

5、he north; the continent; the Pacific Ocean; 5. the+形容词 表示一类人 如：the wealthy6. the+节日、世纪、年代、乐器等的名词, 如: play the piano; the 20th century；in the 1990s; the Spring Festival；注意:用festival表达的中国传统节日前通常用定冠词the7. the+姓氏复数，表示一家，常看成复数 如：the Browns8. 在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：in the box ,behind the chair9. the+身体部位名词:抓住某人

6、” catch,seize,take,hold+宾语+by+ the+身体部位;打某人”hit/strike/pat +宾话+ on/in +the+身体部位;如：catch him by the arm； pat her on the back; hit him on the head10. by+ the+表计量单位的名词, 表示按计算”。by the hour 按小时算 by the year按年算 by the Pound按磅算by the day按天算 by the month按月算 by the dozen按打算11. 含有定冠词the的固定搭配all the time一直 at

7、the moment 此时 by the way 顺便说一下 at the same time 同时 all the best一切顺利 in the distance在远方go to the cinema去看电影 go to the theatre去看戏 around the corner即将到来in the day在白天 the other day 几天前 on the contrary相反地make the most of充分利用 the former/latter前/后者 on the other hand另一方面 三、零冠词1. 表示泛指或一般概念的不可数名词和复数名词前不用冠词 如:

8、 live on water 2. 节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词，如：in summer, in August 注意：in the spring of 1945 (加the表示特指)3. 球类、棋类、三餐、语言、学科、人名、地名、国名等名词前不用冠词如：have breakfast，play football，play chess4. 呼语、头衔、职位名词前不用冠词(captain,manager,President, chairman,monitor,headmaster,Premier等)如:He has been made captain. 他已被任命为队长.零冠词口诀：月、

9、季、星期、节假、洲；呼语、头衔、职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语; 学科、棋类不带冠！5. 某些时间名词：daybreak, dawn, noon, midnight, dusk, night, sunset, sunrise前不用冠词,尤其是当它们与at,after,before,till, until,towards,from等介词连用时, 如:at dawn在黎明6. 省略可数名词单数前的a/an：系动词turn+省略冠词的可数名词单数作表语；He turned teacher.（汉译英）as引导的让步状从的倒装； Child as he is, he knows a lot.（汉译英）7.

10、常用搭配：_go to bed_去睡觉, _go to school_去上学, by+交通工具 _by air_乘飞机, 注意：有无冠词意义不同at table在吃饭 at the table在桌旁(不一定吃饭)in hospital住院 in the hospital在医院里(不一定是病人)by sea走海路 by the sea在海边in front of在(外部)的前面 in the front of 在.(内部)的前面go to church去做礼拜 go to the church去教堂take place 发生 take the place of 代替in charge of负责

11、in the charge of在的控制下in possession of某人拥有 in the possession of某物为某人所拥有out of question没问题 out of the question不可能 I.高考真题在线(冠词语法填空)1.Of_nineteen recognized polar bear sub-populations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and ninelackenough data.2.Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-liste

12、d,wethoughtitwas _joke.3.Everyonewears_samestyleofclothes.4.单句改错Suddenlyfootball felljustinfrontofmeandalmosthitme.5.单句改错 Each of my cafes will have a different theme andanuniquestyle.II.单句语法填空(冠词)1.Itmeanswemakesacrificesnow,butin_longrunitllsaveusalotofmoney.2.Hereis_verypersonwearelookingfor,onew

13、ith_goodknowledgeofGerman.3.Fromthetopofthemountain,youcanseeforatleast_distanceof10kilometerson_sunnyday,4.Itissuch_greatpleasureformetogiveaspeechonthenatureofhumanbeingsbefore_wholeclass.5.WiththepopularityoftheInternet,thepowerofnewspapersseemstobeon_decrease.6.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkingeffic

14、iency,itwillbe_necessityforyouto make_mostofyourtime.7.Itssimply_matteroftimeforChinatobringtheTaiwanissueto_end.8._cakeyouboughtsmellssweet,butIdontwanttohaveabiteofitfor_timebeing.9.Thatisoneof_mostexpensivehotelsintown,Imafraidwedbetterchoose_cheaperone.10.Weveaskedtheneighborstokeep_eyeonthehous

15、eforuswhileweareaway.III.单句改错（冠词）1.Whatthepitythatyoucouldntbetheretoreceivetheprize!2.Inordertofindabetterjob,hedecidedtostudythesecondforeignlanguage.3.Itsnotagoodideatodriveforfourhourswithoutbreak.4.IntheUnitedStates,thereisalwaystheflowofpeopletoareasofthecountrywheremorejobscanbefound.5.Anappl

16、efellfromthetreeandhithimonhead.6.Inafaceofaflaggingeconomy,manypeopleprefertobepaidonadailybasis.7.MrBlack,thereisamaninameetingroomwhosayshehassomegoodnewstotellyou.8.Thisparkisthewonderfulplaceforpeopletovisit,aplacewhereeverybodycanhaveagoodtime.9.Weallknowthatthemanisthemostdevelopedanimalinthe

17、world.10.SamhasbeenappointedthemanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotaketheplaceofGeorgeIV.语篇语法填空(冠词)Iwastravelingin(1)_smallplaceinNewYork. (2)_smallplacehadnotax for (3)_ shortdistance.Onehadtotakearickshaw(人力车).I called out for (4)_old man in the waiting line. BeforeIgoton(5)_rickshaw,Iautomaticall

18、yaskedhowmuchhewouldchargetotakeme across to (6)_Mall.I was told “10 dollars”. Then I started bargaining. He just give me a hard smile and said; Whateveryoufeellike,please giveme.Itisnotnecessary tobargainonthissmallamount. Iwas(7)_bitashamedatmyselfandkeptquietwhilehecontinued,Unlikethosetaxis, myv

19、ehicledoes not run on petrol or diesel or even gas ;it runs on my sweat. So please give it to me with a smile, for (8)_moneyhastofeedsomanyhungrymouthsathome. WhenwereachedtheMall,Igavehim(9)_moneyandthesmileasrequestedandadded a gentlepatonhisback.HesmiledbackasiftogivemeareceiptandIwouldpreservehi

20、ssmile for(10)_longtime.I. 高考真题在线(冠词语法填空)答案：1. the 2. a 3. the 4. a 5. a单句语法填空(冠词)答案:1. the 2. the; a 3. a; a 4. a; the 5. the 6. a; the 7. a; an 8. The; the 9. the; a 10. anIII.单句改错（冠词）答案： 1. a 2. a 3. +a 4. a 5. +the 6. the 7. the 8. a 9. 去掉/ the 10.去掉/theIV.语篇语法填空(冠词)答案： 1. a 2. The 3. a 4. an 5. the 6. the 7. a 8. the 9. the 10. a