山西省武乡县第一中学英语人教版必修3 UNIT 3 THE MILLION POUND BANK-NOTE 课文知识点解析.doc

1、Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note 课文知识点解析Warming up1.A rich person gives you a large amount of money to use as you like.What will you do with it?一个富人给了你一大笔钱，让你随便花，你打算怎么办呢？(1)a large amount of sth. (不可数名词)：大量的，大笔的e.g.a large amount of work/money/furniture 大量的工作/钱/家具比较：A large amount of money was spe

2、nt on the bridge.(谓语动词用单数)Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.(谓语动词用复数)建这座大桥花了一大笔钱。注意：“the amount of+不可数名词”表示“的总数、总额、总值”。(2) as you like“按照你喜欢的方式”，as conj.是连词，引导方式状语从句。e.g.Leave the room as it is.房间的东西不要动。Do as I told you to.按照我的要求去做。(3)do sth. with sth. 主要用于疑问句中，与what配合使用，意思是“处理、对付，安排”。

3、e.g.What have you done with my umbrella?你把我的伞放哪里去了？What are we going to do with the food left over from the party?我们宴会上剩下的食物怎么办呢？She doesnt know what to do with herself.她不知道怎么办才好。What will you do with this kind of letter?你打算怎么处理这封信呢？2.Have you ever made a bet with a friend?你和朋友打过赌吗？make a bet 打赌He m

4、ade a bet with me on whether the famous actress would come.他和我打赌，赌那位有名的演员是否会来。相似短语:win a bet 打赌而赢了lose a bet 打赌而输put/place a bet on a horse 在一匹马上下赌注 e.g.How did you feel about the bet if you lose it?如果这次赌博你输了，你觉得赌博如何？have a bet on sth. 赌博People in Hong Kong like having a bet on horse races.香港人喜欢在马的比

5、赛上下赌注。3.If so，what do you think of it?如果你读过这本书或看过这场电影，你觉得它怎么样？What do you think of sth.?=How do you like/find sth.?表达个人看法“你认为某事怎么样？”e.g What do you think of my clothes?你认为我的衣服怎么样？Reading Act One1.Scenes 1 and 2 are provided in Teachers Book.第一幕和第二幕看教师用书。provide sb. with sth./provide sth.for sb.给某人供应

6、/提供某物My company provided me with a car.我的公司给我配备了一辆车。Can you provide accommodation for me?你能为我提供食宿吗？The painting provides us with one of the earliest examples of the use of perspective.那幅画给我们提供了采用透视画法的最早的范例。2.Now，ladies and gentlemen，you are about to hear the most incredible tale.女士们，先生们，你马上要听到最令人不可思

7、议的故事。be about to do sth. 立刻要做某事，马上要做某事(在此结构中，没有时间状语)误：He is about to start soon/at 2 a.m.正：He is about to start.be about to do 使用的典型句式：was/were about to do when.“正打算这时”e.g.I was about to leave home when something unexpected happened.我正打算离家这时发生了意想不到的事情。3.It is the summer of 1903，and Henry Adams，an Am

8、erican businessman，has had some very bad luck.这是1903年的夏天，一个美国商人亨利亚当斯，遇到了一些麻烦。has bad/poor/little/hard luck 运气不好、欠佳 have good luck 运气好 e.g.I had the good luck to find a job immediately I left school.我很幸运，一毕业就找到了工作。luck n. U 运气，造化I hope good luck will be with you forever.我希望好运永远陪伴你。4.He is lost in Lon

9、don.他在伦敦迷路了。lose vt. 丢失，迷失be lost in.(1)(在城市、森林、人群中）迷路e.g.He is lost in the forest.他在森林里迷了路。He is lost in the crowd and didnt know where to go.他在人群中迷了路，不知该往哪里走。(2)专心致志于Lost in thought，he almost ran into a tree.沉思之中，他差一点撞到前面的树。5.Walking down the street，he hears someone calling him.正在街上流浪，他听到有人叫他。hear

10、 sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在干某事e.g.I heard the girl singing in the house.我听见那个女孩正在房子里唱歌。比较：hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做过某事e.g.I heard the girl sing a song yesterday.我昨天听见那个女孩唱了一首歌。hear sth./sb. done 听见某人/某事被e.g.I heard my name called in the street.我听到街上有人叫我的名字。6.Who?Me，sir?谁？我吗，先生？英语里，在简略答语中要用宾格，而不用主格。e.g.Who b

11、roke the window?谁打破了窗户？Me.我。7.Through the front door on you left.通过你左侧的前门。through 和in有关，表示动作是在某一物体的空间里进行的，翻译成“穿过”。e.g.walk through the forest 走过森林flow through the city 流过城市come in through the window 从窗户进来The river flows through the city from west to east.这条河自西向东流过这座城市。8.Permit me to lead the way，sir

12、.请允许我带路，先生。permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 e.g.Permit me to explain，will you?请允许我解释，好吗？The teacher wont permit her students to wear jewels.老师不允许她的学生戴首饰。permit doing sth.e.g.We dont permit smoking in the office.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。9.Not at all.Its my first trip here.一点也不，这是我的第一次旅行。at all用在肯定句、疑问句中，起强调作用，意为“竟然

13、，到底，真的”。e.g.Its a miracle that you returned at all.你竟然还回来了，这真是个奇迹。Did you do the work at all?你真的做了这事？10.I wonder，Mr Adams，if youd mind us asking a few questions.亚当斯先生，不知您是否介意我们问几个问题。(1)I wonder if/whether.“请问您是否”，可以用以提出要求，为礼貌的表达方式。e.g.I wonder if you can lend me your bike.我能否用一下你的自行车。wonder 后也可跟其他的疑

14、问词，如who，where，when，how 等。e.g.I wonder who he is.我不知道他是谁。I wonder where they come from.我不知道他们是哪里的人。(2)mind doing sth. 反对，介意主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句等。e.g.Did she mind not getting the job?她没得到那份工作是不是很介意？Do you mind the noise?这声音影响你吗？Do you mind if I smoke?我吸烟你反对吗？11.As a matter of fact，I landed in Britain by ac

15、cident.实际上，我是很偶然的机会才到英国的。(1) as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上= in fact，actually As a matter of fact，I like English very much.实际上，我很喜欢英语。(2)by accident 偶然的，意外的= by chance I found it by accident.我很意外地发现了它。I met her quite by chance.我偶然碰到了她。12.His eyes stare at whats left of the brothers dinner on the table.

16、他目不转睛地盯着桌子上吃剩的饭菜。stare at凝视着e.g.Its rude to stare at strangers.盯着陌生人看是没有礼貌的。No one likes being stared at.没有人喜欢被别人盯着看。13.I didnt know whether I could survive.我不知道我能否幸存下来。survive “幸存，从中逃脱”，既可为及物动词，又可为不及物动词。e.g.The house survived the storm.这房子在暴风雨中脱险。Fishes are known to survive conditions well below fr

17、eezing point.人们知道许多鱼在冰点以下仍能生存。No ship could long survive in such a storm.在这样的暴风雨中，没有一只船能长期坚持下去。Chuck survives the crash and lands on a deserted island.查克在一个荒凉的小岛上幸存下来。14.The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早晨，我几乎认为自己没有生还的可能了，突然我被一条船给救了。give sb. up

18、for lost认为某人没有生还的可能e.g.The air crash happened on the sea and the government gave the people on board up for lost.这次空难发生在海上，官方认为机上人员生还的可能性渺茫。15.To be honest，I have none.说实话，我什么也没有。to be honest说实话e.g.To be honest，I dont like him very much.说实话，我真得不喜欢他。16.Now，if youll excuse me，I think Ill be on my way.

19、现在，如果你愿意原谅我的话，我想我要上路了。on ones way to a place在去某地的路上e.g.He found a wallet on his way home.他在回家的路上发现了一个钱包。17.You mustnt think we dont care about you.你千万不要认为我们不关心你。care about 担心； 关心e.g.You must learn to care about others if you want to make friends with others.如果你想和别人交朋友，你就必须为别人担心。care for=like 喜欢e.g.I

20、 dont much care for his parents.我不是很喜欢他的父母。18.James，show Mr Adams out.詹姆斯，把亚当斯先生送出去。show sb.out 带某人出去e.g.The secretary showed me out of the office.秘书把我送出办公室。show sb. around 领某人参观show off 夸耀；卖弄19.This way.走这边。way C路；道路；方向；距离e.g.Can you tell me the way to the hospital?请问去医院怎么走？Will you please come thi

21、s way?请这边走。He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.他有一种奇妙的方法，使他的课上得生动有趣。He is on his way to school.他正走在上学的路上。READING：About Mark Twain1.Three of his most famous books describe people on this great river.在他的最为著名的著作里，其中有三部是描写密西西比河沿岸人民的生活的。describe vt.描述；描绘；作图；画I will describe

22、you.我来把你描述一番。It is easy to describe a circle if you have a pair of compasses.如果有圆规，很容易画一个圆。2.Indeed,this author loved the rivers so much that even his pen name is about the river.确实，这位作家如此热爱河流以至他的笔名就与这条河有关。indeed adv.（表示赞同对方的意见）的确；实在（用以加强very等词的语气）确实，实在（表示让步）当然；固然（表示进一层的意思）甚至Are you pleased at your

23、sons success?对你儿子的成功你感到高兴吗？Yes,indeed.是的，实在高兴。e.g.I was indeed very glad to hear the news.我听到这条消息的确非常高兴。These problems are indeed difficult ones,but I am sure they can be solved.这些问题固然是一些难题，但我相信是能够解决的。There are many good deeds in our class,indeed in the whole school.我们班上好事很多，甚至全校都是这样。3.A fathom is e

24、qual to six feet or 1.83 meters.一英寻等于6英尺或1.83米。（1）fathom英寻，长度单位，相当于6英尺(1.83米)，主要用于测量水深。（2）be equal to等于；与相等，有的能力（勇气、力量等），胜任，能干，忍耐得住e.g.One li is equal to half a kilometer.一华里等于半公里。It is equal to me whether he comes or not.他来不来对我都一样。John is quite equal to the job of running the office.约翰很能胜任管理这个办事处的工

25、作。He was equal to the occasion.他能应付这个局势。She did not feel equal to receiving visitors.她的身体不适，不能接见客人。4.Over the next two decades he was a printer,a riverboat pilot,a soldier,a gold miner,a businessman and a newspaper reporter.在这之后的40年里，他当过印刷工、领航员、士兵、矿工、商人、还当过新闻记者。over prep.在期间，在时间内e.g.over many years在

26、许多年内work over night通宵工作over the years在这些年Lets talk more over a cup of tea.让我们再喝杯茶，多聊会儿。5.His writing became famous for its description of common people and the way they talked,but especially for his humor.他的作品因描写普通老百姓及其交谈方式而著名，但尤其出名的是他的幽默。be/become famous for 以著名e.g.This town is famous for its beaut

27、iful buildings.这个城镇以它漂亮的建筑而出名。France is famous for its fine food and wine.法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。6.Yale and Oxford Universities honored him for his writing.耶鲁大学和牛津大学都因他的优秀的作品而给予他很高的荣誉。honor vt.给以光荣；礼遇；赐给；尊敬；崇拜；承兑；兑现e.g.You honor us by being with us today.今天你能跟我们在一起，我们深感荣幸。Children should honor their mother and

28、 father.孩子们应该尊敬父母。Flowers were placed there to honor the dead.为了纪念死者，人们把鲜花放在那里。hono(u)r a check承兑支票7.However,the last years of his life were filled with sad events,lonelines and the loss of much money.但是，他的后半生却充满了悲伤，孤独和经济损失。be filled with充满着，用填满e.g.My heart is filled with joy.我的心里充满欢乐。The sails are

29、filled with wind.帆被风张满。He filled the bucket with water.他把水桶装满水。Grammar1.表语从句作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词除了as if/as though,because外，其余与引导主语从句的关联词一样。(1)引导表语从句的thate.g.The face is (that) he doesnt agree with you about it.事实是关于这一事件他不同意你的观点。My hope is that youll get well very soon.我祝愿你早日康复。（2）引导表语从句的关联词as if/

30、as thoughe.g.It looks as if it is going to rain this afternoon.看来好像今天下午会下雨。The question is whether he will come or not.问题是他会不会来。It seems (as if) they have already finished the work.看来好像他们已经完成任务。（3）wh-疑问词引导表语从句Changsha is not what it used to be.长沙不再是过去的样子了。（what=the city that，充当表语）The problem is who

31、is in charge of it.问题是谁负责这项工作。（who=which person，充当主语）Thats why he decided to buy a mobile phone.那就是他决定买手机的原因。（why=the reason that，充当原因状语）This is where we often have a chat.这就是我们常常聊天的地方。（where=the place that，充当地点状语）2宾语从句置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（af

32、raid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。(1)关联词thate.g.He said he would come to attend a class today.他说他今天来听课。We all know that lost time is never found again.我们都知道光阴一去不复返。(2)当宾语从句后接宾语补足语时I think it dangerous that you go out alone at night.我想你在晚上单独出去是危险的。We think it a pity that you didnt try harder.我认为你未曾努力些去尝试是一件

33、遗憾的事。They found it impossible that she should marry me.他们觉得她和我结婚是不可能的。(3)由wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句：Where does he live?他住在哪里？宾语从句：Do you know where he lives?你知道他住在哪里吗？He asked me what I wanted.他问我要什么。思维拓展a large amount of/a great deal of/a little/a bit of 这些词后都跟不可数名词。a great/good many/a large number of后只能跟

34、可数名词。a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a large quantity of/large quantities of后既可跟可数名词，又可跟不可数名词。思维拓展as conj.还可以有其他用法:当时/在期间e.g.I watched her as she combed her hair.她梳头的时候我一直看着她。思维拓展deal with 处理、对付e.g.Whats the best way to deal with the grammar points?处理这个语法点的最好办法是什么？deal with 在疑问句中与how搭配。e.g.How to deal wi

35、th the waste is still a problem.如何处理这些垃圾还是个问题。思维拓展bet v. 打赌、赌博e.g.I dont enjoy betting.我不喜欢赌博。He spent all his money on horses.他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。I bet that.= Im sure that.我敢肯定思维拓展I think the movie is interesting.What do you think of it?=How do you like it?思维拓展类似的短语有：supply sth. to sb./supply sb. with sth

36、. 供给或供应某人所需或可用的物品；向某人提供某物e.g.The company supplies consu-mers with gas，electricity，etc.这家公司向客户提供煤气、电等。思维拓展be about to do 这是将来时的一种表达法，但不能与tomorrow，next moment，right away 等表示时间的状语连用。思维拓展good luck (to sb.)祝某人好运和顺利 e.g.Im going to take the examination for the entrance of college.我要参加高考了。Good luck.祝你好运。(祝

37、你考试成功。)bad luck 倒霉，不走运，遗憾思维拓展lose 构成的一些短语：lose ones temper发脾气lose ones shirt 输光所有的钱，赔光本钱lose ones life 丧生，遇害lose ones heart 爱上某人思维拓展和hear用法类似的其他感官动词还有：see sb. doing 看到某人正在做某事see sb.do sth. 看到某人做过某事see sth. done 看到某事被做思维拓展简略答语作表语时，一般用宾格形式的代词。e.g.Who knocks at the door?Its him.思维拓展through 和across 两个介词

38、都有“穿过”的意思。across 与on 有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的。思维拓展permit的同义词是allow，其用法如下:allow sb. to do sth.allow doing sth.allow和permit基本可以互换，permit比allow预期更强，更侧重明文规定。思维拓展比较：in all 总共，总计above all 首先，最重要的是e.g.We were fifteen in all.我们总共15人。We must work;above all，we must believe in ourselves.我们必须工作，最重要的是我们的相信自己。思维拓展wond

39、er 不能直接跟名词作宾语，所以如加宾语，宾语前有介词at，构成wonder at.对感到惊奇、惊讶。e.g.We wondered at his learning.我们佩服他的学问。No wonder that-从句难怪思维拓展注意对 mind 问句的回答。Do you mind.?No，go ahead.不介意，做吧。Do you mind.?Yes，youd better not.介意，你最好别做。思维拓展to be honest，也可以表达这种意思。全析提示by any chance万一，碰巧e.g.Would you by any chance have change for $5?

40、你能换五美元吗？思维拓展stare sb.into sth.瞪着某人使其做出某种反应e.g.I stared her into silence.我瞪着她，她不出声了。stare sb. in the face就在某人面前，十分明显思维拓展survive “比活得长”e.g.His wife survived him by two years.他妻子比他多活两年。She survived her own daughters by ten years.她比自己的亲生女儿多活了十年。思维拓展give oneself up to sb.投案，自首，投降e.g.After a week on the r

41、un he gave himself up to the police.他经过一周的逃亡之后向警方投降了。思维拓展相同意思的短语有：generally speaking一般来说honestly speaking老实说思维拓展此短语也可表示“即将；迈向”。e.g.Another book is on its way.又一本书即将出版。思维拓展care for=take care of 照顾e.g. You must care for your own health.你必须照顾好你自己的身体。思维拓展show sb. in 带某人进入房间e.g.It was the waitress who sh

42、owed us in.是那个女服务员把我们带进去的。思维拓展lose ones way 迷失方向e.g.We lost our way in the forest.我们在森林里迷失了方向。in a way 在某种程度上e.g.In a way，its nice to be working alone.在某种程度上，独自工作是愉快的。思维拓展describe(与as连用)把说成是to describe him as a liar说他是个撒谎者全析提示indeed adv.（表示惊讶、讽刺、轻蔑等）真的；真是（表示惊奇、反语等）真的吗，的确e.g.Did he say that?Indeed!他是

43、那么说的吗？真是的！Who is this woman?这个女人是谁？Who is she,indeed!她是谁，真是！I earn $1000 a day.我一天赚一千美元。Indeed?真的吗？思维拓展1.fathom vt.揣摩；领会I cant fathom his meaning.我无法领会他的意思。2.相似词组be the equal to ones word说到做到be without equal无比，无敌feel equal to能胜任other things being equal在其他条件都相同的情况下要点提炼over作为介词还有下列含义：上方；在上面；覆盖在之上；跳过；跳

44、到；跳上；横越；横，超过；在那边；在对面；遍及；通过；多于思维拓展相似词组：be famous at(=be a famous hand at)是的名手，善于be famous as作为著名全析提示hono(u)r n.荣誉，名誉，信用，尊敬，敬意，高位，高官，恩惠，恩典，荣誉hono(u)r 阁下（尊称）；廉耻心；节操pl. 优异成绩；（英）优异成绩，奖金思维拓展fill的常见短语drink/eat ones fill ofhave/take ones fill of饱受，充分享用weep ones fill尽情地哭fill away乘风前进fill in填写，填上全析提示that在表语从句

45、中只起连接作用，不能起指代作用，没有实际的意义，在口语中或非正式的场合中常可省略。思维拓展as if/as though的意思是“好像”，whether的意思是“是不是，是否”。这两个关联词虽有汉语意思，但在表语从句中不起任何语法作用。全析提示wh-疑问词有其汉语意思，并在表语从句中充当一定的成分，表语从句的语序为陈述语序。注意：关联词because只能引导名词性从句中的表语从句，其汉语意思为“因为”。注意它与why引导表语从句的区别。全析提示that引导宾语从句，没有实际意义，而只起连接作用，即在宾语从句中不充当任何成分。在口语中常省略。全析提示当宾语从句后接宾语补足语时，必须用代词来充当形式宾语，将宾语放在宾语补足语之后。能运用在这个结构的谓语动词有believe,consider,make,feel,find,think等。全析提示由wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句，其语序为陈述语序。