广西北海市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编（五）及答案 WORD版含解析.doc

1、广西北海市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编（五）及答案【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）C阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rate among young people and the small birth rate, which led to an aging and eventually shrinking（萎缩） population. Most young Ja

2、panese women simply dont seem interested in having many children.Now what began in Japan is happening globally. As David Brooks wrote, birth rate is becoming smaller in much of the world, from Iran 1.7 births rate per woman to Russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the p

3、opulation is already shrinking. And this includes US, which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.Its true that global aging is going to present some major c

4、hallenges. Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? Its all true. Sometimes I worry about a coming generational war over resources, just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as I worry about who mi

5、ght take care of me.But heres the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. As we all know, the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure

6、our energy use, along with our birthrates, reaches a sustainable（可持续的）level. After all, were supposed to get smarter as we got older. Hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.1. The population issue in Japan was mentioned to _.A. show young peoples preference to marriageB. introduce the topi

7、c of global birth rate becoming smallerC. indicate the deeper cause of Japans depressionD. emphasize the revolution of Japanese women 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to David Brook?A. The birth rates all over the world are becoming smaller.B. The most developed countries have

8、higher death rates.C. America is the only developed country with higher birth rate.D. Birth rates becoming smaller means a great risk to aging countries.3. Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?A. Aging society.B. Environmental problems.C. High death rates.D. Low employmen

9、t rates.4. Whats the authors attitude to the worldwide birth rates becoming smaller? A. Anxious.B. Disappointed.C. Hopeful.D. Doubtful.C篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，老龄化国家将面临着照顾大量老龄人口的重负。 对于地球而言也有利的一面给环境带来更少的压力，使我们赢得 更多的时间，以确保能源消耗和生育率达到一个可持续的水平。1.B【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。 【试题解析】由题干中的The population issue

10、in Japan 定位到第一段，结合第二段首 句可知。 2.D【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。【试题解析】由题干中的David Brooks 定位到第二段。生育率降低对老龄化国家意味着重负和风险。3.A【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。【试题解析】根据文章内容可知出生率过低会导致社会老龄化，其他三个选项均与此题无关。4.C【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者态度的理解能力。【试题解析】本文主要论述了生育率降低以及世界老龄化问题。作者在肯定问题的 同时，最后两段也阐述了其利好的一面。由此可推断作者对此问题持 乐观态度。2016高考英语阅

11、读理解人物传记/故事类 People are being lured（引诱）onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service, and dont realize that theyre paying for it by giving up loads of personal informationFacebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages Most Faceboo

12、k users dont realize this is happeningEven if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what theyre paying for Facebook, because people dont really know what their personal details are worth The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rulesEarly on, you co

13、uld keep everything privateThat was the great thing about Facebookyou could create your own little private networkLast year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many thingsyour city, your photo, your friends nameswere set, by default（默认）, to be shared with everyone on the Internet Accordin

14、g to Facebooks vice president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people dont share information, they have a “less satisfying experience” Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more moneyIts original business model, which involv

15、ed selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failedWho wants to look at ads when theyre online connecting with their friends？ The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in WashingtonIn April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policyH

16、e also urged the Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites“I think the senators rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far

17、 to invade（侵犯）our privacy, its only the beginning，which is why Im considering deactivating（撤销） my accountFacebook is a handy site, but Im upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont trustThat is too high a price to pay【小题1】What do we learn about Facebook from the first par

18、agraph？ AIt is a website that sends messages to targeted usersBIt makes money by putting on advertisementsCIt earns money by selling its users personal dataDIt provides a lot of information to its users【小题2】What does the author say about most Facebook users？ AThey dont know their personal data enric

19、hes FacebookBThey are unwilling to give up their personal informationCThey dont identify themselves when using websiteDThey care very little about their personal information【小题3】Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage？ ATo help its users make more friendsBTo obey the

20、Federal guidelinesCTo make money by attracting more usersDTo offer better service to its users【小题4】What does Senator Charles Schumer argue for？ ASetting guidelines for advertising on websitesBSetting rules for social-networking sitesCStopping sharing users personal informationDRemoving ads from all

21、social-networking sites【小题5】Why does the author plan to stop using his Facebook account？ AHe is dissatisfied with its serviceBHe finds many of its users untrustworthyCHe doesnt want his personal data abusedDHe is upset by its frequent rule changes 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 I always avoid g

22、oing on field investigations with the toxics (毒物)team, unless its absolutely necessary. Its not that I mind the hard work, or am afraid of coming into contact with toxic substances. What I fear is quickly losing hope about the work I do. However, doing field research with the toxics team, all I see

23、and feel is filthnothing else. Even if I close my eyes, I can smell the smell of food processing, rotting organic waste from paper mills and chemicals from clothing manufacturers. One morning, I went to investigate a discharged pipe to document and collect samples of pollutants secretly being emitte

24、d by a textile mill. I had to work with the utmost secrecy in order to avoid being discovered by the textile mill. I dipped a long measuring pole into the large polluting pipe to measure the volume of polluted water being emitted. But the surface of the water, covered in oil and filth, made me feel

25、as if to vomit. All of a sudden, I felt someone hit me on my back. It frightened me so much that I almost fell into the water. I grasped the pole and looked behind me to see an old man standing there. He asked:“Can you catch fish here?”I realized that he thought I was holding a fishing pole, so I ke

26、pt calm and said: “Yes, I heard that theres a kind of small fish living in this water, and it has medicinal benefits.” The old man grew quite curious and replied:“That may be. If a fish can survive in water as dirty as this , it must have a lot of resistance. So it wouldnt be too strange if such fis

27、h had medicinal benefits.” It was clear he was just passing by, so I answered:“Yeah, survival of the fittest. Fish that adapt can survive, just like us humans.” He kept talking to me and didnt want to leave. He wanted to see whether or not I would catch the small fish with medicinal benefits.71. The

28、 text is mainly about . A. a research report about pollution B. an exciting experience of fishing C. an experience of doing research on pollution D. an unforgettable talk with an old man72. Which word can take place of the underlined word in the 2nd paragraph? A. fish B. textile C. water D. pollutan

29、ts73. What is the writer of the text most probably? A. A newspaper reporter. B. A researcher about pollution. C. A fisherman. D. A worker of the textile mill.74. Why did the writer tell the old man he was fishing? A. Because he wanted to satisfy the old mans curiosity B. Because the old man was inte

30、rested in fishing too C. Because he did the research secretly D. Because the old man wanted to buy the fish75. We can infer from the last paragraph that . A. the old man had found out the secret B. the old man wanted to catch the fish by himself C. the writer would have to tell the old man the fact

31、D. the old man was sent to watch over the writer【答案】71-75 CDBCC2016高考英语阅读理解人物传记/故事类阅读A、B、C三篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Winter Olympics is also called the White OlympicsAt this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great GamesThe first stamps marking the opening came out on January 2

32、5, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White OlympicsFrom then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswearIt was th

33、e first time that the rings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics In the 1950s, the stamps of this kind became more colorfulWhen the White Olympics came, the host countries as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those GamesChina also published four stamps in February 1980,

34、 when the Chinese sportsmen began to take part in the White Olympics Japan is an Asian country that has ever held the White OlympicsAltogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meet Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stampsPeople can enjoy the beauty of

35、the wonderful movements of some sportsmen【小题1】The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics _ Aare the same thing Bare different gamesCare not held in winter Dare held in summer【小题2】The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world Games _ Aafter the year 1936 Bafter the 3rd Winter Oly

36、mpicsCbefore the 3rd White Olympics Dbefore the year 1932【小题3】The Winter Olympics is held once _ Aevery two years Bevery three yearsCevery four years Devery five years【小题4】Which of the following is true? AOnly the host countries can publish stamps to mark those GamesBOnly the non-host countries can

37、publish stamps to mark those GamesCAll the countries can publish stamps to mark those GamesDJapan cant publish stamps to mark those Games【小题5】What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics? ABasketball BTable tennis CFootball DSkating 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Walking down a path throu

38、gh some woods in Georgia, I saw a small pool of water ahead on the path. I angled my direction to go around it on the part of the path that wasnt covered by water or mud. As I reached the pool, I was suddenly attacked!Yet I did nothing for the attack. It was so unpredictable and from somewhere total

39、ly unexpected. I was surprised as well as unhurt though I had been struck four or five times. I backed up a foot and my attacker stopped attacking me. Had I been hurt I wouldnt have found it amusing. And I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!Having stopped laughing, I took a

40、 step forward. My attacker rushed me again. He charged towards me at full speed, attempting to hurt me but in vain. For a second time, I took a step backwards while my attacker paused. I wasnt sure what to do. After all, its just not everyday that one is attacked by a butterfly. I stepped back to lo

41、ok the situation over. My attacker moved back to land on the ground. Thats when I discovered why my attacker was charging me only moments earlier. He had a mate and she was dying.Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of th

42、at butterfly in his concern for his mate. He had taken it up on himself to attack me for his mates sake , even though she was clearly dying and I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few precious moments of life, should I have been careless enough to step on her. His courage in attac

43、king something thousands of times larger and heavier than himself just for his mates safety seemed admirable. I couldnt do anything other than reward him by walking on the more difficult side of the pool. He had truly earned those moments to be with her, undisturbed.Since then, Ive used that butterf

44、lys courage as an inspiration and to remind myself that good things are worth fighting for.51. The writer changed his direction while walking down a path because he want_.A. To get close to a butterfly. B. To escape a sudden attack.C. To look over the bad situation.D. To avoid getting his shoes dirt

45、y.52. What made the man feel funny?A. Making the attacker pause. B. Being stepped on by his mate. C. Being attacked by a butterfly. D. Discovering the angry butterfly.53. From this experience the man learned_.A. how he should deal with attacks B. people should protect butterflies C. how to deal with challenges in his lifeD. people should show sympathy to the weak54. Which of the following words can best describe the butterfly?A. careless B. amusing C. courageous D. aggressive 【参考答案】51-54 DCCC