山东省济南市十一学校2021届高三下学期联考英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、济南市2021届高三十一学校联考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABest Places to Travel for a Girls HolidayCannesWhen you thin

2、k of France, often the famous capital Paris comes to mind. However, youre with your girls. So why not leave the city of love and journey south to Cannes? This holiday is for the girls that want to live like the stars for a weekend or two, and have budgeted for it too. Not only does it offer a beauti

3、ful view, but also you will feel like celebrities as you wander around the place film stars call home during the Cannes Film Festival.IbizaNo place says girls, holiday is like a trip but Ibiza does. Whether you are looking to wander the San Antonio Sunset Strip at 2： 00 am or walk along the cobbled(

4、鹅卵石的)streets of the old town, Ibiza has it all. For the party lovers, youll find a home in San Antonio. Partying from morning to night is right for you. So begin your day at Aiyanna Ibiza, in Cala Nova.BrazilAs one of the few places on Earth that are warm all year round, where temperatures rarely di

5、p below 20C , Brazil is the perfect destination for a girls, holiday. Being the largest country in South America, its no surprise that it has everything for everyone.ThailandStart with Bangkok, the city of angels. For the girls, trip thats all about sightseeing, a visit to Wat Pho is a must. Home to

6、 the Reclining Buddha, this incredible statue is covered in gold leaves and stands at fifteen meters tall and forty-six meters long. From the clear waterfalls, the elephants and the full moon parties, Thailand offers countless adventures for a girls,trip.1. What can we learn about Cannes?A. It lies

7、to the south of Paris.B. It offers beautiful scenery only.C. It is home to all the film stars.D. It suits girls with tight budgets.2. Which place is the best choice for girls fond of parties?A. Cannes.B. Ibiza.C. Brazil.D. Thailand.3. What kind of girls may prefer Thailand?A. Fashionable.B. Adventur

8、ous.C. Outgoing.D. Ambitious.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合女生假期最好的旅游去处。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Cannes中提及的“When you think of France, often the famous capital Paris comes to mind. However, youre with your girls. So why not leave the city of love and journey south to Cannes?”（当你想到法国，你的脑海中通常会浮现出著名的

9、首都巴黎。然而，你和你的女儿们在一起。那么，为什么不离开这座爱情之城，南下戛纳呢?）可知，戛纳位于巴黎的南边。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Ibiza中提及的“For the party lovers, youll find a home in San Antonio. Partying from morning to night is right for you. So begin your day at Aiyanna Ibiza, in Cala Nova.”（对于派对爱好者，您会在圣安东尼奥找到家。从早到晚开派对最适合您。因此，您可以在Cala Nova的Aiyanna I

10、biza开始新的一天。）可知，对于喜欢派对的女孩子们来说，Ibiza是个不错的地方。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章对Thailand 介绍中提及“From the clear waterfalls, the elephants and the full moon parties, Thailand offers countless adventures for a girls, trip.”（从清澈的瀑布、大象和满月派对，泰国为女孩们提供了无数的冒险之旅。）可知，女孩子们喜欢泰国是因为它提供了无数的冒险。故选B项。BLike most couples, my husband and

11、 I dreamed of becoming homeowners. Sure, apartment living comes with its own set of advantagesless housework, shared comfort, less to clean up and care for, and usually cheaper rent. As a result, we decided to downgrade from our neat five-bedroom, 2,700-square-foot house on the water to a three-bedr

12、oom, 1,369-square-foot apartment, with two kids.Once we arrived in our new apartment, we were surprised to find that things flowed relatively smoothly. There was so much less to keep up withfewer floors to mop, fewer windows to clean, fewer walls to wipe, etc. Now I think of our home as our little p

13、layhouse, since its much smaller and everything is closer together. That also makes it so much easier for me to keep up with as a mom. I collect laundry all on one floor comparing with having to climb stairs to the houses second floor!In our new home, we use lots of shoe organizers inside of every c

14、loset door for more than just shoesbaby items, office items, and medicines. We also have a functional room that serves as an office and gym. Since both my husband and I work from home, we require at least one room to share as an office with fitness equipment fitted into a corner.While many people ch

15、oose to downsize for financial reasons, that actually wasnt a factor in our decision. We wanted to be in a lively area with like-minded young families. That was our first priority. Though we may still buy another house in this area at some point down the line, for now, were thrilled with the concept

16、 of renting an apartment. Let me put it this way: Were not really the “handy” types, so being able to call maintenance(维修)for any repairs is worth every rent coin!4. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Our old house was upgraded.B. Living in a house has advantages.C. Our new apartment was downsize

17、d.D. Smaller size means more housework.5. How do the couple feel about the new apartment?A. Confused.B. Amazed.C. Tired.D. Challenged.6. Why do the couple make changes to their new home?A. To build up their body.B. To create a home office.C. To enlarge all the rooms.D. To make full use of space.7. W

18、hat is the couples first concern when moving?A. Transportation.B. Neighbourhood.C. Repair work.D. Money.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者从一个比较大公寓搬进小型公寓的原因。4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Like most couples, my husband and I dreamed of becoming homeowners. Sure, apartment living comes with its own set

19、of advantagesless housework, shared comfort, less to clean up and care for, and usually cheaper rent. As a result, we decided to downgrade from our neat five-bedroom, 2,700-square-foot house on the water to a three-bedroom, 1,369-square-foot apartment, with two kids.”（像大多数夫妻一样，我丈夫和我都梦想着拥有自己房子。当然，公寓生

20、活有它自己的优势少家务，共享舒适，不用打扫和照顾，通常租金更便宜。因此，我们决定把这幢整洁的、有五间卧室、2700平方英尺的水上住宅降级为一套带两个孩子的、有三间卧室、1369平方英尺的公寓。）可知，作者的公寓变小了。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Once we arrived in our new apartment, we were surprised to find that things flowed relatively smoothly. There was so much less to keep up withfewer floors to mop, few

21、er windows to clean, fewer walls to wipe, etc. Now I think of our home as our little playhouse, since its much smaller and everything is closer together. That also makes it so much easier for me to keep up with as a mom. I collect laundry all on one floor comparing with having to climb stairs to the

22、 houses second floor!”（我们一到新公寓，就惊讶地发现一切都还算顺利。要擦的地板少了，要擦的窗户少了，要擦的墙壁也少了，等等。现在我觉得我们的家就像我们的小玩具屋，因为它比以前小得多，而且所有东西都靠得更近。这也让我更容易跟上作为一个母亲的步伐。比起爬楼梯到房子的第二层，我在同一层收集所有的衣服!）可推知，作者夫妻两对新公寓大为惊奇，认为很适合他们。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“In our new home, we use lots of shoe organizers inside of every closet door for more th

23、an just shoesbaby items, office items, and medicines. We also have a functional room that serves as an office and gym. Since both my husband and I work from home, we require at least one room to share as an office with fitness equipment fitted into a corner.”（在我们的新家中，我们在每个壁橱门内使用大量的鞋子整理器，而不仅仅是鞋子婴儿用品，

24、办公用品和药品。我们还设有一间用作办公室和健身房的多功能室。 由于我和丈夫都在家工作，因此我们至少需要一个房间作为办公室共享，角落里装有健身器材。）可知，作者夫妻对新家做出改变主要是为了充分利用空间。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“While many people choose to downsize for financial reasons, that actually wasnt a factor in our decision. We wanted to be in a lively area with like-minded young families. Th

25、at was our first priority.”（尽管许多人出于经济原因选择缩小规模，但这实际上并不是我们做出决定的因素。我们希望与志趣相投的年轻家庭一起生活在一个热闹的地区。 那是我们的首要任务。）可知，搬家时，作者夫妇首先关心的是希望能和志趣相投的年轻家庭一起生活在一个热闹的地区。故选B项。CSugar cane（甘蔗）contains around 10% sugar. But that means it contains around 90% non-sugarthe material known as bagasse （甘蔗渣）which remains once the su

26、gar-bearing juice is squeezed out. World production of cane sugar was 185 million tonnes in 2017 , which results in a lot of bagasse.At the moment, most of it is burned. But Zhu Hongli, a mechanical engineer at Northeastern University, in Boston, thinks it can be put into better use. As she, and her

27、 colleagues describe, in Matter this week, with a bit of improving bagasse makes an excellent and biodegradable （可生 物降解的）replacement for the plastic used for disposable food containers such as coffee cups.Dr. Zhu is not the first person to have this idea. But previous attempts tended not to survive

28、contact with liquids. She knew from previous research that the main reason why past efforts fell to pieces when wet is that bagasse is composed of short fibres which are unable to hold the finished product. She therefore sought to insert a suitably long-fibred substance. Bamboo seemed to be the best

29、 choice. It grows quickly /degrades readily and has appropriately long fibres. And it worked. When the researchers blended bamboo remaining into bagasse, they found that the result had a strong crossing of short and long fibres.To put their new material through its paces, Dr. Zhu and her colleagues

30、first poured hot oil onto it and found that, rather than passing through the material, as it would have with previous, bagasse products, the oil was resisted by their invention. They also found that when they made a cup out of the stuff and filled it with water heated almost to boiling point, the cu

31、p remained unbroken for more than two hours. Though this is not as long as a plastic cup would Hast, it-is long enough for all practical purposes.8. What do we know about bagasse?A. It is widely used.B. It is usually wasted.C. It can not be degraded.D. It takes up 10% of sugar cane.9. Why do the pre

32、vious attempts fail?A. The cups are not disposable.B. The fibres of bagasse are short.C. The plastic can not be replaced.D. The material is not biodegradable.10. What is special about Zhus invention?A. It can let oil pass through.B. It can be boiled in the water.C. It can hold liquid and resist heat

33、.D. It can reduce the use of bamboo.11. What would be the best title for the text?A. New Bamboo ContainersB. A New Application of FibresC. Young and Promising MaterialsD. A Perfect Mix of Cane and Bamboo【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了甘蔗渣占甘蔗的90%，目前被浪费很多。研究者发现，经过改善甘蔗渣可以被用于制作杯子，以减少环境污染

34、。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“At the moment, most of it is burned. ”（目前，大部分的甘蔗渣都被烧毁了。）可知，甘蔗渣大部分被浪费掉了。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段以三句“She knew from previous research that the main reason why past efforts fell to pieces when wet is that bagasse is composed of short fibres which are unable to hold the finished p

35、roduct. ”（她从以前的研究中了解到，过去的努力失败的主要原因是甘蔗渣是由短纤维组成的，无法承载成品。）可知，以前的试验失败是由于蔗渣的纤维很短。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“They also found that when they made a cup out of the stuff and filled it with water heated almost to boiling point, the cup remained unbroken for more than two hours. ”（他们还发现，当他们用这种材料制成杯子，并将其装满加

36、热到几乎沸点的水时，杯子可以保持两个多小时不破裂。）可知，朱红丽的发明特殊之处在于它能盛装液体并耐热。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文以甘蔗渣的浪费为开头，后面几段都是在讲朱红丽团队如何研究并巧妙利用甘蔗渣结合竹子的长纤维发明出可盛装液体并耐热的杯子。故选D项。【点睛】DIf you visit Uluwatu temple in Bali, be cautious. The long-tailed temple monkeys there are well-known thieves. Since a long time ago, they have made a li

37、ving by robbing visitors of their possessions and then holding those objects until a ransom in the form of food is paid. But Jean-Baptiste Leca of the University of Lethbridge, in Canada, wondered whether these monkeys are cleverer still. Sometimes, they do not accept the first offer and hold out fo

38、r more. He therefore asked himself whether they are able to assess how valuable an object is to its owner, and factor that into their negotiations.Dr. Leca and his colleagues conducted their experiment by wandering around the temple with video cameras, recording the activities of the monkeys. Every

39、time they saw a monkey show interest in a particular tourist? they recorded the interaction. To work out what was going on, they had first to establish the relative values of food rewards to monkeys, and of stealable objects to people.To confirm which stealable objects are most valued by people, the

40、y divided them into six classes: empty containers, such as phone cases and plastic bottles; accessories (搭配物) such as hairpins and key rings; hats and shoes; spectacles and sunglasses; and electronics and wallets. They then observed how often victims bothered to bargain with the thief for the return

41、 of property belonging to different classes, and thus classified objects into low value, medium value and high value.They found that monkeys do, indeed, have a complicated sense of what they are doing at least, adults and sub-adults do. These animals have a preference for stealing high-value items,

42、and will often hold out either for more rewards, or for better ones, if they are in possession of such items. But this is something that they have to learn how to do as they grow up. Young monkeys make no such distinctions, and sub-adults are less good at doing so than adults.12. What is the purpose

43、 of Lecas research?A. To prove monkeys are cleverer than men.B. To find out what is valuable for monkeys.C. To record the negotiations between monkeys.D. To make sure monkeys can judge item values13. What does the underlined word ransom in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Bilk.B. Reward.C. Tax.D. Rent.14. How ar

44、e the values of objects classified in Paragraph 3?A. By the material of objects.B. By the preference of victims.C. By the buying price of objects,D. By the frequency of bargaining.15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Young monkeys can evaluate items.B. All monkeys prefer high-value items

45、C. Monkeys have a simple sense of acts.D. Monkeys stealing is an acquired skill.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者援引研究发现，成年猴的偷窃行为和与受害者讨价还价已获得的高回报的行为是后天习得的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But Jean-Baptiste Leca of the University of Lethbridge, in Canada, wondered whether these monkeys are cleverer

46、still. Sometimes, they do not accept the first offer and hold out for more. He therefore asked himself whether they are able to assess how valuable an object is to its owner, and factor that into their negotiations.(但是加拿大Lethbridge大学的Jean-Baptiste Leca怀疑这些猴子是否更聪明。有时，它们不接受第一个报价而坚持要更多。因此，他问自己，它们是否能够评估

47、一件物品对其拥有者的价值，并将这一因素纳入谈判)”可知，Leca研究的目的是想了解猴子是否学会了评估物品对其拥有者的价值从而提出更多的要求。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Since a long time ago, they have made a living by robbing visitors of their possessions and then holding those objects until a ransom in the form of food is paid.(从很久以前开始，它们就以抢劫访客的财产为生，然后拿着这些物品直到以食物的形式的ra

48、nsom)”可知，提问题ransom前提及“猴子们以抢劫游客的财产为生”。因此可推断，此处表示猴子在抢到游客的东西后，并以此作为勒索的条件，直到游客以给予食物为代价拿回东西为止。因此，此处的ransom应表示“酬金，奖励”。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To confirm which steal able objects are most valued by people, they divided them into six classes: empty containers, such as phone cases and plastic bottles; ac

49、cessories (搭配物) such as hairpins and key rings; hats and shoes; spectacles and sunglasses; and electronics and wallets. They then observed how often victims bothered to bargain with the thief for the return of property belonging to different classes, and thus classified objects into low value, mediu

50、m value and high value.(为了确定人们最看重的失窃物品是什么，他们将这些物品分为六类：空容器，如手机壳和塑料瓶；发夹、钥匙圈等配件；帽子和鞋子；眼镜和太阳镜；电子产品和钱包。然后，他们观察受害者为了归还属于不同类别的财产而与猴子讨价还价的频率，从而将物品分为低价值、中价值和高价值)”可知，研究者通过讨价还价的频率来分类物品的价值。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“They found that monkeys do, indeed, have a complicated sense of what they are doing at least, adul

51、ts and sub-adults do. These animals have a preference for stealing high-value items, and will often hold out either for more rewards, or for better ones, if they are in possession of such items. But this is something that they have to learn how to do as they grow up. Young monkeys make no such disti

52、nctions, and sub-adults are less good at doing so than adults.(他们发现，猴子确实对自己在做什么有复杂的认识。至少，成年猴和亚成年猴都可以。这些动物偏爱偷走高价值的物品，如果拥有这些物品，它们往往会争取更多的奖励或更好的奖励。但这是它们长大后必须学习的方法。幼猴没有这种区别，次成年猴则不如成年猴)”可知，猴子的偷窃行为是后天习得的技能。因为幼猴不会这种偷窃行为，而次成年候的偷窃能力不如成年候。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

53、。The Simple Trick Can Help You SleepFor those who cant sleep easily, prepare for the best nights sleep ever. No more tossing and turning into the early hours of the morning. No more counting sheep on Sunday evenings. And no more lying, wide-eyed, in the dark after waking up in the middle of the nigh

54、t. _16_ This all-natural solution is called the 4-7-8 method, and yes, its as simple as it sounds. First, get settled into a comfortable position on your bed. Then, simply breathe in air through your nose for four seconds, hold your breath for seven seconds, and then breathe the air out slowly throu

55、gh your mouth for eight more seconds. _17_Thats all there is to it! Dont believe us? Just ask Harvard-educated medical doctor Andrew Weil, who adopted this exercise from a centuries-long Indian yogi meditation practice. The yogis use this method to achieve a state of complete relaxation, reducing st

56、ress and anxiety. Slowing down your breathing forces the rhythm of your heart to slow down, too. _18_ In other words, its a natural way to make you calm for your body and mind.“The theory is that by putting certain rhythms on the breath with your voluntary system, gradually these are made into the i

57、nvoluntary nervous system, he said. _19_So its the regularity of doing this over a period of weeks, months , years that produces the changes that you want.”There you go! _20_ If youre still tossing and turning dont miss these tips from sleep doctors which are almost guaranteed to give you a better n

58、ights sleep.A. And that comes with time.B. Finally , repeat until you fall asleep.C. It makes the rest of your body relax.D. That enables you to fall asleep more easily.E. Here comes the explanation for your sleepless nights.F. Once you start sticking to it, you can quit counting sheep for good.G. T

59、heres now an easy and expert-approved way to fall asleep in less than a minute.【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文作者提出了一个可以简单改善睡眠的方法。【16题详解】根据划线前句“And no more lying , wide-eyed , in the dark after waking up in the middle of the night.(再也不用躺着，睁大眼睛，在半夜醒来后的黑暗中)”可知，对于晚上睡不好觉的问题，作者认为已经找到了解

60、决方案了。G项“现在有一种简单且经专家认可的方法可以让你在一分钟内入睡。”正是为前句暗指的解决方案。同时G项中的“an easy and expert-approved way to fall asleep”指代的后文中提及的“This all-natural solution is called the 4-7-8 method.(这种纯天然的解决方法被称为4-7-8法)”。故选G项。【17题详解】根据划线前句提及“Then, simply breathe in air through your nose for four seconds, hold your breath for seve

61、n seconds, and then breathe the air out slowly through your mouth for eight more seconds.(然后，简单地用鼻子吸气4秒，屏住呼吸7秒，然后再用嘴慢慢地呼气8秒)”可知，此处在阐述前文提及的4-7-8助眠法。根据前文已提及“First,.”和“Then,.”可知，此处应表示最后一步应该如何做。因此B项“最后，重复直到你睡着。”切题。故选B项。【18题详解】根据划线前句提及“Slowing down your breathing forces the rhythm of your heart to slow d

62、own, too.(放慢你的呼吸也会迫使你的心跳节奏放慢)”可知，放慢呼吸能让你的心跳节奏也放慢。通过这种方式可以让你全身放松。C项“它使你身体的其他部分放松。”中的It指代前文提及的“放慢呼吸和心跳节奏放慢”，同时C项又是前句的结果。故选C项。【19题详解】根据划线后文“So its the regularity of doing this over a period of weeks, months, years that produces the changes that you want.(因此，在数周，数月，数年的时间内进行此操作的规律性会产生你想要的更改)”可知，进行此助眠法需要时

63、间的练习。因此A项“这是随着时间的推移而来的。”是对后句的内容进行总结，和后句内容构成前后因果关系。故选A项。【20题详解】根据划线前句“There you go!(这下你会懂的)”可知，作者建议读者可以试试这种方法来改善自己的睡眠。F项“一旦您开始坚持下去，就可以永远不再数羊了。”再次强调坚持这种助眠法的好处。前后句进一步推荐睡眠有问题的人可以尝试这种助眠法来改善睡眠。故选F项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When my aunts children wer

64、e small, she decided to get them a puppy. Her neighbors dog had given _21_ to a couple of puppies a few weeks earlier and so my aunt arranged to _22_ one of the puppies once they had been weaned （断奶）.The day came to bring home the little puppy and the children were _23_; they named it Shorty happily

65、 and _24_ welcomed it, preparing its food and a comfortable _25_ in a basket. The next day the children gave it some milk before kissing it goodbye and _26_ for school. When they returned, they were _27_ to discover that Shorty was missing. They _28_ the whole house inch by inch, _29_ it was nowhere

66、 to be found. A few hours later, the _30_ who sold them the puppy came over carrying Shorty, _31_ . He explained that the mother dog had slid into my aunts house and carried the puppy back to his home.For a number of days my aunt and her neighbour tried _32_ to keep the puppy in his new home, becaus

67、e each day the mother dog would _33_ it from the tiny bed. Finally, my aunts neighbour gave up and offered her a refund （退款）I came to realize that mothers love is flowing all over the places you can imagine , _34_ in the kingdom of animals. By the way, if you would like to keep a puppy as a _35_ you

68、 might as well keep the mother dog at a distance.21. A. riseB. birthC. wayD. attention22. A. buyB. borrowC. stealD. rent23. A. cautiousB. cheerfulC. awkwardD. allergic24. A. merelyB. frequentlyC. immediatelyD. temporarily25. A. bedB. seatC. netD. bag26. A. looking outB. heading offC. taking awayD. c

69、oming up27. A. alarmedB. relievedC. interested.D. ashamed28. A. discoveredB. cleanedC. searchedD. explored29. A. soB. thoughC. orD. but30. A. parentB. friendC. relativeD. neighbor31. A. praisingB. apologizingC. promisingD. blaming32. A. in vainB. in turnC. on purposeD. on time33. A. feedB. kissC. bi

70、teD. fetch34. A. justB. yetC. evenD. still35. A. toyB. guardC. companionD. colleague【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的阿姨从邻居家为孩子们买来一只小狗，但狗妈妈每天溜进阿姨家将小狗带走，他们最后只能让小狗回到它妈妈的身边。作者由此意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方，甚至在动物的王国里。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意

71、：阿姨邻居家的狗几周前生下一对小狗，我阿姨打算一旦小狗断奶后就买一只。A. rise上升；B. birth出生；C. way方法；D. attention关注。根据下文“and so my aunt arranged to buy one of the puppies once they had been weaned （断奶）.”可知，阿姨要等到小狗断奶后买一只，所以在这之前应该是这只狗生下一对小狗。give birth to，生孩子。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. buy 买；B. borrow借；C. steal偷；D. rent租。根据下文“Finally,

72、my aunts neighbour gave up and offered her a refund （退款）”（最后，我阿姨邻居放弃了并给我阿姨退款）可知，阿姨是要买一只小狗。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把小狗带回家的日子到来了，孩子们都很高兴；他们高兴地给它起名叫“小不点”，马上就欢迎它，给它准备了食物，并在篮子里给它铺了一张舒服的床。A. cautious谨慎的；B. cheerful高兴的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. allergic过敏的。根据下文“they named it Shorty happily”可知，孩子们高兴地给这只小狗起名字，所以孩子们是

73、高兴的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. merely只是；B. frequently频繁地；C. immediately立即；D. temporarily暂时。根据前文“they named it Shorty happily” 和下文 “preparing its food and a comfortable 5 in a basket.”可知，孩子们先是高兴地给这只小狗起名字然后又给它准备食物和床的，所以孩子们是立即欢迎这只小狗。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bed床；B. seat 座位；C. net网：D. bag包。根据常识，萌宠

74、驾到，孩子们应该是给小狗安排睡觉的地方，故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，孩子们给了它一些牛奶，和它吻别，然后就去上学了。A. looking out 留心，提防；B. heading off 启程、离开；C. taking away 带走，拿走； D. coming up 提出，出现。根据下文“When they returned, they were 7 to discover that Shorty was missing.”（当他们从学校回来时，他们惊恐地发现小不点不见了）可知，孩子们是启程去上学。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们从学校回来

75、时，他们惊恐地发现小不点不见了。A. alarmed担忧的，惊恐的；B. relieved感到宽慰的，放心的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. ashamed羞愧的，内疚的。根据下文“that Shorty was missing.”小不点不见了。可知，孩子们是感到惊恐的。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子，可是哪儿也找不到。A. discovered发现；B. cleaned打扫；C. searched寻找；D. explored探索。根据下文“9 it was nowhere to be found.”（哪儿也找不到）可知，孩子们搜寻小狗。

76、故选C项。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子，可是哪儿也找不到。A. so因此；B. though尽管；C. or或；D. but但是。根据上文“They 8 the whole house inch by inch”（他们一寸一寸地找遍了整幢房子）及下文“9 it was nowhere to be found.”（哪儿也找不到。）可知，空格处前后是转折关系。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，卖小狗给他们的邻居抱着小不点过来道歉。A. parent父母；B. friend朋友；C. relative 亲属；D. neighbor邻居。

77、根据上文“Her neighbors dog had given 1 to a couple of puppies a few weeks earlier and so my aunt arranged to 2 one of the puppies once they had been weaned（断奶）.” （阿姨邻居的狗几周前生下一对小狗，阿姨打算一旦小狗断奶后就买一只）可知，小不点是从邻居那买来的，故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. praising赞扬；B. apologizing道歉；C. promising许诺；D. blaming责备。根据上下文语境，邻

78、居把小狗卖给了阿姨，而小狗又跑回去了。可知，邻居是过来给阿姨道歉。故选B项。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：阿姨和她的邻居好几天都没能把小狗养在它的新家，因为狗妈妈每天都要把它领走。A. in vain 徒劳地，白费力气地；B. in turn依次，反过来；C. on purpose故意地；D. on time按时。根据下文“Finally, my aunts neighbour gave up and offered her a refund （退款）.”（ 最后, 阿姨的邻居放弃了并给她退款）可知，阿姨和她邻居的努力是白费力气。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.

79、 feed喂养；B. kiss吻；C. bite 咬；D. fetch去取。根据上下文语境，一连几天阿姨和她邻居试投将小狗养在它的新家，因为狗妈妈每天都去将小狗领回来。故选D项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方，甚至在动物的王国里。A. just仅仅，只是；B. yet还，但是；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据上文“I came to realize that mothers love is flowing all over the places you can imagine ,”（我开始意识到，母爱流淌在你可以想象的所有地方）

80、母爱应该是人类才有的，可作者说母爱可以流淌在任何你可以想象的所有地方。及下文“in the kingdom of animals.”（在动物王国里）所以，作者的意思是“甚至在动物王国里”，表示一种递进关系，故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：顺便说一下，如果你想要养一只小狗作为你的小伙伴，你最好与狗妈妈保持一定的距离。A. toy玩具；B. guard守卫；C. companion同伴；D. colleague同事。根据生活常识人们养狗大部分是作为陪伴自己的宠物。故选C项。【点睛】第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的

81、正确形式。To promote various applications of Dunhuang art patterns in daily life design and achieve- the development of cultural heritage represented by Dunhuang art patterns, the Chang Shana Design Award in 2021 _36_ (announce) on January 21.Chang Shana, _37_ outstanding designer and educator in China,

82、was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang _38_ (begin). Born in France, she returned from Paris with her father and devoted _39_ (they) to the cause of cultural heritage. She was much _40_(young) than the other members in the conservation and research team at the Mogao Caves _41_ leader was her

83、 father Chang Shuhong (1904 1994) ,a noted painter and director of the Dunhuang Academy. Chang has spent her entire life carrying on her fathers _42_ (commit) to Dunhuang. She applied the classic patterns _43_ her own modern designs in a creative way after _44_ (conduct) research into the variety of

84、 patterns found on the murals (壁画).In the hope that more designers can understand and use the Dunhuang art patterns _45_ (appropriate) ,the competition is also meant to spread Dunhuang culture, practice the “Silk Road Spirit and promote cultural exchanges along with the Belt and Road Initiative.【答案】

85、36. was announced 37. an 38. began 39. themselves 40. younger 41. whose 42. commitment 43. to 44. conducting 45. appropriately【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述常沙娜设计奖的由来以及常沙娜的经历和她与敦煌艺术的渊源。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：为推动敦煌艺术图案在日常生活设计中的多种应用，实现以敦煌艺术图案为代表的文化遗产的发展，1月21日公布了“2021年常沙娜设计奖”。分析句子可知，根据时间状语on January 21，应用一般过去时，主语th

86、e Chang Shana Design Award in 2021和谓语announce之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，故填was announced。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：常沙娜是中国杰出的设计师和教育家，她与敦煌的恋情开始时才13岁。分析句子可知，逗号后为Chang Shana的同位语，表示“一个中国杰出的设计师和教育家”，应用不定冠词，outstanding以元音音素开头，故填an。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：常沙娜是中国杰出的设计师和教育家，她与敦煌的恋情开始时才13岁。分析句子可知，设空处为时间状语的谓语动词，讲述过去的事情，应是一般过去时，故填began。【3

87、9题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她出生于法国，随父亲从巴黎回国，投身于文化遗产事业。短语devote oneself to，意为“致力于，献身于”，根据句意，故填themselves。【40题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：她比莫高窟保护和研究小组的其他成员要年轻得多，该团队的负责人是她的父亲常淑红（1904-1994），著名画家和敦煌学院主任。分析句子可知，设空处接在be动词后作表语，应用形容词，后面有比较级标志词than，应用比较级形式，故填younger。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她比莫高窟保护和研究小组的其他成员要年轻得多，该团队的负责人是她的父亲常淑红（1904-1994），著名

88、画家和敦煌学院主任。分析句子可知，_6_ leader was her father Chang Shuhong (1904 1994)为定语从句，修饰先行词 research team，设空处为引导词，在从句中作定语，故填whose。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：常沙娜一生都在履行她父亲对敦煌的承诺。分析句子可知，设空处为介词on的宾语，应用名词形式，故填commitment。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在对壁画上的各种图案进行研究后，她创造性地将经典图案运用到自己的现代设计中。短语applyto，意为“把应用到”，根据句意，故填to。【44题详解】考查现在分词。句意：同上。分析句子可

89、知，设空处在从句中作状语，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填conducting。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：本次大赛旨在传播敦煌文化，践行“丝绸之路精神”，促进“一带一路”倡议下的文化交流，希望更多的设计师能够更好地理解和运用敦煌艺术图案。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词use作状语，应用副词，故填appropriately。第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假设你是李华，下周一你校拟面向外国留学生组织关于“北京冬奥会”的讲座，请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知，告知相关事宜，要点包括：1.讲座的时间和地点；2.主讲人和主要内容;3.欢迎大家积极参与。注意：1

90、.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NOTICE_【答案】One possible versionNOTICETo help you have a better understanding of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games, our school will organize a lecture for us.As scheduled, we will meet at 5:30 p.m. on Monday at the school lecture hall. The one-hour l

91、ecture, will be given by Professor Li Qiang, who is an expert in P.E. and Olympics. Current situation and relevant information of the Games will be introduced. Please prepare your questions in advance for Mr.Li.Your active participation is highly appreciated.The Student Union【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生

92、写一则告知关于组织外国留学生关于“北京冬奥会”的讲座的通知。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.讲座的时间和地点；2.主讲人和主要内容;3.欢迎大家积极参与。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）have a better understanding of; Current situation and relevant information; in advance; highly appreciated第三步：连词成句1.To help you have a better un

93、derstanding of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games, our school will organize a lecture for us.2.Current situation and relevant information of the Games will be introduced.3.Please prepare your questions in advance for Mr. Li.4.Your active participation is highly appreciated.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态

94、问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, And then, In the end2.表并列补充关系：What is more连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1To help you have a better understanding of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games, our school will organize a lecture for us.（不定式做目的状语）高分句型2The one-hour lecture, will be gi

95、ven by Professor Li Qiang, who is an expert in P.E. and Olympics.（who引导非限制性定语从句）高分句型3Current situation and relevant information of the Games will be introduced.（被动句式）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In July 2019, to celebrate his 45th birthday, Colin Dowler booked off a week from h

96、is job as a maintenance manager for the Vancouver Island Health Authority. He planned to spend two days on his own, finding a route he would eventually use to climb Mount Doggie Dowler.His wife Jenifer didnt like the sound of her husbands latest plan. She was used to Dowler going on adventures by hi

97、mself, but this time hed boat to an unknown bay, bike an unpopulated road , hike through grizzly bear country, and camp overnights alone. There was too much room for disaster.The night before his journey Colin packed the necessities. He filled the remaining pockets of his bag with a handheld GPS, hi

98、king poles, his homemade sausage, and a few other essentials. Instead of his usual Swiss Army knife, he took a three-inch stainless steel pocket knife given to him by his dad.The weather that Sunday, July 28 was nice. Colin pulled his car into the Campbell River port and quickly launched and set off

99、 in his motorboat with a mountain bike on board. About eight oclock in the morning, he arrived at Ramsay Arm, and found a spot to tie the boat near a logging （伐木）camp where he chatted with some logging workers.One of the workers , Vito, gave him a ride in his truck until the forest got too thick. Co

100、lin took off his bike and backpack from the truck and started his hiking and route searching. In order not to lose the way back, he marked his trail with blue ribbons （布条）.As he made his seven-kilometer marker, he came around a bend and suddenly put on the brakesa dirty grizzly bear stood right in t

101、he middle of the narrow road, 30 meters away. Colin calculated his chances of turning around for a quick escape, but the bear could easily catch up and stop him before he picked up speed.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The bear suddenly stood up in a threatening way. _After what seemed like hou

102、rs, Colin came to himself._【答案】One possible versionParagraph 1:The bear suddenly stood up in a threatening way. Meanwhile, Colin threw the sausages in his backpack towards the bear, hoping the flavor would attract it. Unfortunately, the bear rushed to him. Colin was pushed to the ground and bit in t

103、he left leg. “Ah!” he screamed with the unbearable pain. Blood flowing out, Colin suddenly remembered the knife in his pocket. He stabbed the bears neck as fast and strong as possible. The bear roared with pain and ran away. Losing much blood, Colin lost his consciousness afterwards.Paragraph 2:Afte

104、r what seemed like hours, Colin came to himself. He found himself surrounded by the logging workers in the camp. He was being cared for by a doctor. It was Vito who saved Colin. When he drove back, he spotted the bleeding bear and sensed that something terrible must have happened. With the blue ribb

105、ons leading his way, he finally found Colin. “You are so lucky, Colin.Without being noticed, you could have been killed for loss of blood. God help those who help themselves.” said the doctor.【解析】【分析】本文以冒险旅行为线索展开，讲述了Colin Dowler为庆祝生日计划骑自行车穿过无人行走的道路上，然后徒步穿越灰熊的领地，最后可以攀登Doggie Dowler山，结果在灰熊领地，路遇灰熊，与灰熊搏

106、斗，受伤，最终被人发现并获救的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“那只熊突然站了起来，以一种威胁的姿态。”可知，第一段可描写Colin和灰熊搏斗，结果负伤。由第二段首句内容“似乎过了好几个小时，科林才清醒过来。”可知，第二段可描写Colin苏醒后被照顾的获救过程。2.续写线索：搏斗不幸负伤幸运获救3.词汇激活行为类搏斗：struggle with the bear/fight the bear/ be pushed to the ground.负伤：be injured /be hurt/be bit.获救：be saved/be cared for/ be rescued情绪类.不幸：unfortunately /unluckily.幸运：so lucky /good fortune【点睛】 高分句型1. Blood flowing out, Colin suddenly remembered the knife in his pocket.（独立主格结构作状语）高分句型2. Losing much blood, Colin lost his consciousness afterwards.（现在分词作状语）高分句型3. It was Vito who saved Colin.（强调句运用）