2022届高考英语二轮专题复习2 阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）.docx

1、阅读理解（应用文、记叙文）1(2020广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一)British MuseumWhen the British Museum opened in 1759 it was the first of its kind in the world: the only national museum open to the public. It wasand still isfree to visit. The displays are organised by location and time period: Ancient Iran, Greece, China from 50

2、00 BC onwards, Roman Britain and so on. Overwhelmed? Follow a free eyeopener tour on your smart phone or book the Around the World in 90 Minutes guided tour.The National GalleryYou cant miss this artistic institution in Trafalgar Square. There you can see some of the worlds finest works of art for f

3、ree. Founded in 1824 to display a collection of just 36 paintings, today The National Gallery is home to over 2,000 works from artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Vincent Willem van Gogh and Pablo Ruiz Picasso. The National Gallery hosts free afterwork events for adults. So if you want to learn more

4、about these famous artworks over a glass of wine, come along.Science MuseumAs one of Londons favourite handson museums, the Science Museum features seven floors of entertaining and educational exhibits! If youre going with little ones, head to Pattern Pod or The Garden, where children can directly e

5、xplore basic scientific principles with sound and water.The Cartoon MuseumThis highly entertaining London tourist attraction covers the history and development of British cartoons from the 18th century to the present day. See how artists portrayed important events and the great and the good over the

6、 centuries. Its great value at only 7,00 for entry.1. Which place provides a free digital guide?A. British Museum.B. The National Gallery.C. Science Museum.D. The Cartoon Museum.2. How is the Science Museum different from the other three places?A. It is the only one where entry is free.B. It offers

7、free events after regular working hours.C. It allows visitors to carry out simple experiments.D. It is the museum with the longest history in London.3. Where would you most likely find this passage?A. In a British schoolbook.B. On a London street map.C. In a London travel guidebook.D. On the British

8、 Museum entrance board.【答案】1-3 ACC【解析】本文是应用文。介绍了英国的大英博物馆、国家美术馆、科学博物馆和卡通博物馆的相关情况。1. 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“Follow a free eyeopener.Minutes guided tour”可知，使用智能手机就可以进行一次大英博物馆的大开眼界的免费之旅，据此可知A项正确。2. 细节理解题。由题干关键词the Science Museum定位至第三段，根据第三段第一句中的“As one of Londons favourite handson museums”可知，科学博物馆是一家可以进行实际操作的博物馆

9、；根据该段尾句中的“where children can directly explore basic scientific principles with sound and water”可知，在该博物馆，孩子们可以直接用声音和水探索基本的科学原理。据此可知，科学博物馆与其他三个地方的不同之处是该博物馆允许参观者做简单的实验。故C项正确。3. 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国四个著名的地方大英博物馆、国家美术馆、科学博物馆和卡通博物馆，据此可以推知，本文最可能摘自一本伦敦旅游手册。故C项正确。2(2020合肥市高三第二次诊断检测)There are a number of eve

10、nts going on at the Cooperage Project, located at 1030 Main Street in Honesdale. Enjoy! Remember more events can be found on the Calendar of Events or under our Community Link.The Cooperage Maker FairThe Cooperage Maker Fair will be held from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm on Friday, June 12th on the grounds o

11、f the City Museum. The Maker Fair is a place where people show what they are makinga showcase for invention and creativity, and share what they are learning. Anyone interested in presenting their projects, hobbies and experiments should apply to take part at .Such Sweet ThunderAt 7:00 pm on Wednesda

12、y, June 17th, there will be a film screening of comedy Twelfth Night as part of the Such Sweet Thunder: Shakespeares Plays on Film Series. Dr.Robert Dugan will introduce the play with a brief background. Admission is free, but due to limited seating, booking is required at www.suchsweetthunder, com.

13、Sounds Like Teen SpiritOn Thursday, June 25th, there will be an event called Sounds Like Teen Spirit from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm. Sounds Like Teen Spirit is designed to provide an opportunity to showcase the talent of our communitys youth. Schoolaged students are encouraged to share their performing art

14、 on stage at the Cooperage Project!Great Brazilian Music TourOn Saturday, June 27th, a fantastic opportunity is ready for you to listen to some great Brazilian music by the musical group Minas. It is from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm, and doors open at 2:00 pm. We encourage children and their families to come

15、 to learn all about the rhythm, excitement and sound of Brazilian music. The twohour performance is sure to be fun for the whole family. The admission charge is $5 for each person, and all the money will go to the local food bank. You can also give away old clothes and money at the entrance.4. When

16、does the event take place where kids can put on their own performances?A. On June 12th.B. On June 17th.C. On June 25th.D. On June 27th.5. Which event requires people to make a reservation?A. Such Sweet Thunder.B. Sounds Like Teen Spirit.C. The Cooperage Maker Fair.D. Great Brazilian Music Tour.6. Wh

17、at can you do at Great Brazilian Music Tour?A. Show your gift for invention.B. Learn to make music.C. Perform with Minas on stage.D. Make a donation.【答案】4-6 CAD【解析】本文是应用文。该文主要介绍了在Cooperage Project要举行的四项活动。4. 细节理解题。根据Sounds Like Teen Spirit部分中的“Schoolaged students are encouraged to.at the Cooperage P

18、roject!”可知，在该项活动中孩子可以进行自己的演出，而该项活动的举行日期为6月25日。故C项正确。5. 细节理解题。根据Such Sweet Thunder部分中的“due to limited seating, booking is required at ”可知，Such Sweet Thunder活动需要预订。故A项正确。6. 细节理解题。根据Great Brazilian Music Tour部分中的“You can also give away old clothes and money at the entrance.”可知，在Great Brazilian Music To

19、ur活动中，人们可以进行捐物和捐款。故选D。3(2020太原市高三年级模拟试题一)I sent a message to my sister at 12:30 p.m. during my lunch to ask her about my fathers progress. He was having his second knee surgery and my expectations were the same as the previous successful surgery. My brother picked me up from school and we headed for

20、 the hospital.When we arrived at the hospital, my first question was “How is he doing?” My father was connected to a breathing machine and his face was very swollen. I tried my best not to cry because I was supposed to interpret for him what was happening as the nurses did not speak Spanish. I had n

21、ever seen my father this way. He looked so fragile and different from the strong man I knew. I asked him how he was feeling and he said he was fine. I returned to the lobby and I was in a state where I realized that my hero, best friend, and loved one in life was in a dangerous state and at that poi

22、nt anything could happen.I recalled what happened when I was a child. “Im going to the store” was always his words, and that was without doubt my cue to follow him. We would walk to the car, and sometimes if I was lucky, I got away with sitting in the front seat. We would arrive at the store and he

23、always said “Get whatever you want and something for Ana”; Ana is my sister. My dad and I were best friends. He never showed preference with his children, but I just always happened to follow him. It was okay for me to cry when I wanted something because I was his youngest girl, he couldnt say no to

24、 me.All along my father had dedicated his life to giving us the best. Growing up does not necessarily mean that one must distance oneself from his parents because it is childish; it is time to take action and embrace the feelings because it is the right thing to do. Life presents us with signals to

25、acknowledge and value what is the most important in life.7. How was the authors father when she arrived at the hospital?A. He was dangerously weak.B. He was worried about his life.C. He remained healthy and strong.D. He was unconscious and couldnt speak.8. How did the author feel after knowing her f

26、athers situation?A. Sympathetic.B. Worried.C. Optimistic.D. Indifferent.9. What can we learn about the authors childhood?A. She never took no for an answer.B. She was her fathers favorite child.C. She followed her father a lot as a young girl.D. She got away from her family at an early age.10. What

27、advice does the author give at the end of the text?A. Value your loved ones and be close to them.B. Grow up and share your parents responsibility.C. Care about your parents health before its too late.D. Distance yourself from your family and be independent.【答案】7-10 ABCA【解析】本文是记叙文。作者的父亲进行了第二次膝盖手术，她在医

28、院里看到虚弱的父亲已不再是印象中那个强壮的人，于是意识到自己人生中的英雄、最好的朋友以及最爱的人正处于危险的境地，在那个时刻任何事都有可能发生。然后作者回想起小时候父亲陪伴自己成长的点点滴滴，并深刻地认识到：长大成人不一定意味着要疏远父母，而是要珍视和他们之间的感情。7. 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容，特别是倒数第三句“He looked so fragile and different from the strong man I knew”和尾句“I returned to the lobby.at that point anything could happen”可知，当作者赶到医院时，她

29、的父亲很虚弱，正处于危险的状态。故A项正确。8. 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句中的“I tried my best not to cry”和第二段尾句可知，作者知道父亲的状况后，应是感到很担心。故B项正确。9. 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句“My dad and I were best friends.happened to follow him”可知，作者小时候经常跟随父亲。故C项正确。10. 推理判断题。根据本文尾段中的“Growing up does not.value what is the most important in life”可推知，作者建议我们应当珍视所爱之人，与他们

30、保持亲密的关系，故A项正确。4(2020郑州高三第一次质测)If there was a subject at school that made me anxious, it was science. Maybe thats because in my tenth grade, I couldnt understand my physics teachers instructions, causing me to accidentally set fire to the classroom. So, when my husband and I decided to homeschool our

31、 daughters, we made a deal: he would teach science, while I would handle everything else. But thats not how things have been going these past few weeks since my husband has been too busy to teach the girls.Recently, while out on my morning hike before starting lessons, I noticed that the sky was a b

32、eautiful blue, and the air was filled with the sweet smell of flowers. Thats why I decided that the days lessons would be taught outside, although I remembered that my daughters hadnt had any science classes from my husband for a while.I returned to the house to get the girls ready. We headed up int

33、o the forest, settling ourselves by a pond that rarely has any visitors. My daughter Saoirse started to pick up pondweed and catch frogs, while my other daughter Ula looked at me, waiting to be instructed. I handed her a drawing board and colored pencils. “We wait,” I told her, “and see if something

34、 comes along. In the meantime, just draw whats around you.”We worked for more than an hour, hardly speaking. A bird flew across the water, and then settled in front of a fallen tree. I quickly told Ula, worrying that shed not seen the creature. But she had, and she started drawing it. An hour later,

35、 she finished her picture and I stared down at it. She drew the bird on her paper with amazing accuracy. But there was one other interesting fact about this drawing: she also drew me, sitting beside her.I realized, as I stared at this childs drawing of us watching a bird, how Id lived for 40 years,

36、received 10 years of higher education, and never understood the foundation of science before this moment. The foundation of science is a sense of wonder; it isnt about accurately reciting words from a textbook. It is first and foremost about stepping outside our busy lives and being amazed at the wo

37、rld around us.11. How did the author feel about science when in school?A. She was nervous about it.B. She was fond of it.C. She was confused about it.D. She was eager for it.12. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to “_”.A. the fallen treeB. the forestC. the birdD. the picture13. Which of

38、 the following best describes Ula?A. Shes very outgoing.B. Shes good at observing.C. Shes very hardworking.D. She shares interests with her sister.14. What is the foundation of science in the authors opinion?A. Attention to accuracy.B. Curiosity about the outside world.C. Determination to find out t

39、he truth.D. The ability to understand teachers instructions.【答案】11-14 ACBB【解析】本文是记叙文。上学的时候，作者总是对自然科学感到担心，然而成年后和女儿们一起到户外学习的经历使作者认识到：学习自然科学的基础是对外界的好奇心。11. 细节理解题。根据第一段，尤其是第一句“If there was a subject at school that made me anxious，it was science.”可知，作者在上学时对学习自然科学感到焦虑。12. 代词指代题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句“A bird flew ac

40、ross the water.worrying that shed not seen the creature.”并结合画线词所在句中的“But she had”可知，她看到了那只鸟并开始画它，故代词it指代那只鸟。13. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She drew the bird on her paper.sitting beside her.”可知，Ula以惊人的准确性在纸上画了那只鸟，而且还画了坐在她旁边的作者，由此可推知Ula擅长观察。14. 观点态度题。根据尾段的内容，尤其是第二句中的“The foundation of science is a sense of wonde

41、r;”以及尾句中的“being amazed at the world around us”可知，作者认为学习自然科学的基础是对外界的好奇心。5It was the early morning of August 5,1888, and her husband was still sleeping. She left a note for her husband on the table, saying that she and their two sons had already left to visit Pforzheim, Germany, 90 kilometers away. Sh

42、e purposely didnt mention her means of transportation. It wasnt until Carl Benz checked the workshop in his factory that he realized his family hadnt taken the train. His new invention was gone.Bertha had just committed the worlds first car theft. Her husband was a brilliant engineer who had designe

43、d the worlds first automobile in 1885. However, without sharp business mind, his product wasnt going anywhere. Bertha understood what every modern business knows: marketing a product requires different skills than designing one. To provide a proof that the vehicle was reliable and could also master

44、long-distance routes, she intended to drive with the motor from Mannheim to Pforzheim to show what it could do.Once the three hit the road, they had to conquer novel problems. At 2.5 horsepower, they could not climb steep slopes without pushing it from behind. Going downhill, the car burnt out the b

45、rake shoes. Bertha stopped off at a cobbler and asked him to equip the brake shoes with a leather lining. In so doing, Bertha Benz became the inventor of brake lining. The fuel amount was also underestimated. Bertha made her first fuel purchase at the Stadtapotheke, where the store still proudly dis

46、plays a sign of being the first gas station in the world.Following the “first shock”, as written in his memoirs, Carl felt an inner pride in his wifes daring “test drive”. And sales soon stepped up with the spread of Berthas daring trip. Today, drivers can still experience this part of Mercedes-Benz

47、 success story along the Bertha Benz Memorial Route between Mannheim and Pforzheim, just as the first woman driver did.15. Why did Bertha secretly take the road trip?A. To save money on long-distance train fares.B. To teach children how to drive automobiles.C. To prove the performance of Carls inven

48、tion.D. To understand the knowledge of modern business.16. What does the underlined word “novel” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Unexpected.B. Common.C. Additional.D. Slight.17. What can we learn from the passage about Berthas trip?A. Berthas trip ended at the Stadtapotheke.B. Berthas trip helped to promote

49、car business.C. The car turned out to be a failure on the road.D. Bertha fixed the brake shoes herself during the trip.18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. A Regrettable CrimeB. A Surprising DiscoveryC. A Creative InventionD. A Pioneering Undertaking【答案】15-18CABD【解析】这是一篇记叙

50、文。主要讲述了Carl Benz的妻子Bertha为了证明Carl的发明的性能，秘密地进行了公路旅行。在这次旅行中发现了存在一些问题同时Bertha的旅行促进了汽车行业的发展。15. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“To provide a proof that the vehicle was reliable and could also master long-distance routes, she intended to drive with the motor from Mannheim to Pforzheim to show what it could do.(为了证明这辆车是可靠的，

51、也能掌握长距离的路线，她打算驾驶着这辆车从曼海姆到普福尔茨海姆来展示它的能力)”可知，Bertha秘密地进行公路旅行是为了证明Carl的发明的性能。故选C。16. 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“At 2.5 horsepower, they could not climb steep slopes without pushing it from behind. Going downhill, the car burnt out the brake shoes.”可知，在2.5马力的马力下，如果不从后面推它，他们就无法爬上陡峭的斜坡。下坡时，汽车的刹车片烧坏了，可见车上路后出现了一些意外的问题，故

52、画线词意思是“意外的”。A. Unexpected.意外的；B. Common.普通的；C. Additional.额外的；D. Slight.轻微的。故选A。17. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And sales soon stepped up with the spread of Berthas daring trip.(随着Bertha大胆旅行的传播，销售额很快就增加了)”可知，Bertha的旅行促进了汽车行业的发展。故选B。18. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Today, drivers can still experience this part of Mercedes-Benz s

53、uccess story along the Bertha Benz Memorial Route between Mannheim and Pforzheim, just as the first woman driver did.(今天，沿着从曼海姆到普福尔茨海姆的伯莎奔驰纪念路线，司机们仍然可以体验到梅赛德斯-奔驰成功故事的这一部分，就像第一位女司机一样)”结合主要讲述了Carl Benz的妻子Bertha为了证明Carl的发明的性能，秘密地进行了公路旅行。在这次旅行中发现了存在一些问题同时Bertha的旅行促进了汽车行业的发展。可知，D选项“开拓性的事业”最符合文章标题。故选D。6(2

54、020安徽省部分重点中学高三联考)Remember Vitaminwaters “free of rolling screens for a year” challenge that people to be free from smartphones for a whole year will win $100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming the grand prize.Vitaminw

55、ater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survived for an entire year without a handheld smar

56、t phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29yearold fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has been a free and eyeopening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone,

57、 she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends, because she really doesnt want to go back to days when she overused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it, and was obsessedwith social media.But not having access to her smartphone really made certain situations a

58、 lot harder than she could have imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However，once，I almost get stranded (被滞留的) in the SeaTac Airport because the phone number Id written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who

59、could help me,” the young writer said.Another time, her cars “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldnt use her phones GPS, or even check what the light meant online or find a nearby car repair shop. But she learned to overcome these situations.

60、And now she claims the last eight months of phonefree life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that shell keep it for another four months.19. Whats the challenge “free of rolling screens for a year”?A. People free from smartphones can live a richer life.B. People living a telephonef

61、ree life can be awarded money every year.C. People living without computers for a year will win a grand prize.D. People spending a year free from smartphones will get a reward.20. Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2?A. Satisfied with.B. Accustomed to.C. Addict

62、ed to.D. Popular with.21. What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3?A. Its fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.B. Its unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.C. Its unnecessary to refer to information with a smartphone.D. Its difficult to get out of the trou

63、ble without a smartphone.22. What can we learn about Elana Mugdan?A. She couldnt live without a smart phone.B. She finds no one can help her in the adventure.C. She has not won the grand $100，000 prize yet.D She used to use her smartphone to write fiction.【答案】19-22 DCDC【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Elana Mugdan在参

64、加Vitaminwater发起的一年不用手机的挑战过程中所遇到的困难及其感受。19. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“challenge that people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100,000”可知，这个挑战要求参加者一年内不使用手机，参加者完成挑战后可以获得奖金。故选D。20. 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句中的“she really doesnt want to go back to days.all hours of the night on it”可知，Elana Mugdan曾经过度

65、使用手机，浪费了时间，并且还熬夜玩手机。由此可以推测出，画线处表示她当时对社交媒体非常迷恋，即上瘾。故选C。21. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“But not having access to.imagined them before.”以及本段所列举的事例可知，Elana Mugdan在第三段想告诉我们，没有手机很难摆脱困境。故选D。22. 细节理解题。根据尾段最后一句中的“shell keep it for another four months”可知，Elana Mugdan还要继续四个月的挑战，由此可知她还没有获得奖金。故选C。7 (2020武汉市高中毕业生质量检测)Teenage

66、life is quite dramatic but that doesnt mean you cannot enjoy your life in these years. Even with your daily troubles, your life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them.I know exactly how you feel. Teenage life can be hard. You are not a kid anymore, because you are smart enough to observe

67、 and analyze your surroundings. However, you are still not an adult because there are still lots of experiences that you need to have and lessons that you need to learn from these experiences. To top it all, the hormonal (荷尔蒙的) imbalance in your body can really mess you up. I have been there. I was

68、in it for six years exploring what life is about!As a teenager, I had a major problem completing my chores on time. And at that time, all that I needed to do was to finish my assignments, study for the upcoming tests and clean my room. Now, I have much more things to do: cooking, cleaning and workin

69、g while striking a balance between all my relationships related to work, family and friends. That really is a lot of work. So, I will just give you one golden tip, quoting from Benjamin Franklin, “Never leave that till tomorrow which you can do today.”Life becomes much easier now because I finish al

70、l my work on time and I have enough time to let my hair down. Half the problems as a teenager appear because we hate doing things. Wed rather go and have fun than sit down and take on our responsibilities. That is why you have so much trouble in your life；your parents wont let you go out with friend

71、s because you havent cleaned your room or your teacher is always criticizing you because you havent finished your assignments.23. What does the writer mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?A. Teenage life is tough.B. Teenagers cant enjoy life.C. Teenage life is changeable.D. Teenagers should learn m

72、ore.24. What plays a key role in making teenage life hard according to the writer?A. The adolescent changes.B. The lack of life experience.C. The failure of concentration.D. The unfamiliar surroundings.25. How did the writer feel about her teenage life?A. It was difficult.B. It was simple.C. It was

73、enjoyable.D. It was boring.26. What does the writer advise teenagers to do?A. Abandon their friends.B. Go and have fun.C. Complete their homework.D. Shoulder the burden.【答案】23-26 DAAD【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：如果你懂得如何处理日常烦恼，你的青少年生活就没有那么难了。23. 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Even with your daily troubles.how to deal

74、with them”可推知，第一段中作者传递的信息是青少年应该学习处理自己的日常烦恼，故选D。24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To top it all，the hormonal(荷尔蒙的)imbalance in your body can really mess you up.”可知，在所有的影响因素里面，最糟糕的是，身体里的荷尔蒙的不平衡会使青少年心情变差。由此可知，青春期的变化是让青少年的生活变得困难的关键因素，故选A。25. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“As a teenager, I had a major problem completing my chores on time.”以及尾段第一句中的“Life becomes much easier now”可推知，作者的青少年生活也是困难的，故选A。26. 细节理解题。根据全文内容，尤其是尾段第三、四句“Wed rather go and.you havent finished your assignments”可推知，作者建议青少年承担自己的责任，这样生活就没有那么难了，故选D。14