2020-2021学年英语北师大版必修4学案：UNIT 12 单元语法（一）——跟动名词和不定式作宾语的动词或动词短语 WORD版含解析.doc

1、Period SixGrammar单元语法(一)跟动名词和不定式作宾语的动词或动词短语语法图解语法感悟单句语法填空1As soon as Peter saw me, he stopped talking (talk) to his friends and came over.2Remember to_close (close) the windows before you leave.3He is looking forward to spending (spend) his holiday in Britain.4I cant afford to_waste (waste) money on

2、 cheap souvenirs.5I really dislike my job but I have to pretend to_enjoy (enjoy) it.一、只接动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语这类词语可借助以下口诀来记忆：考虑建议盼原谅(consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon)承认推迟没得想(admit, delay/put off, fancy)避免错过继续练(avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice)否认完成就欣赏(deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate

3、) 禁止想象才冒险(forbid, imagine, risk)不禁介意准逃亡(cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape)难以忍受始反对(cant stand, set about, object to)想要成功坚持忙(feel like, succeed in, stick to, insist on, be busy in)习惯放弃有困难(be used/accustomed to, give up, have difficulty/trouble in)导致专心防道歉(lead to, devote to, prevent.from., apologiz

4、e for)At last he had to admit taking the mans wallet.最后他不得不承认他拿了那个人的钱包。Try to escape being caught in the rain.尽量不要被雨淋着。Im looking forward to hearing from you.我期待着你的回信。The old are accustomed to living in the countryside.那些老人们已习惯于在乡下生活。即学即用1单句语法填空1I wouldnt consider making (make) these changes.2When i

5、t comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him.3Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going (go) for a swim?4I dont mind traveling (travel) by bus, but I hate standing (stand) in queues.5We cant imagine her succeeding (succeed) in the entrance examination, for she has never been to scho

6、ol.二、只接不定式作宾语的动词1这类词语可借助以下口诀来记忆：同意提出做计划(agree, offer, intend/plan/attempt)要求答应来帮忙(demand/ask, promise, help)准备决定遭拒绝(prepare, decide, refuse)敢于选择有希望(dare, choose, wish/hope/want/expect)设法负担决心坚(manage, afford, determine)不能做到莫假装(fail, pretend)Many families couldnt afford to send their children to schoo

7、l in the old days.旧社会，许多家庭无法送孩子上学。Those who dare to break the law will be punished.那些敢违法的人一定会受到惩罚。We failed to persuade him to change his mind.我们没能说服他改变主意。You can offer to answer questions in class and challenge yourself to speak more in public.你可以主动在课堂上回答问题并且激励自己在公开场合多讲话。2动词不定式作tell, show, understa

8、nd, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等动词的宾语时，不定式前面常带疑问词，即构成动词疑问词(how, when, where, what, who)to do。He doesnt know how to operate the machine.他不知道该如何操作这台机器。3在某些动词后，可用it代替不定式短语作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语，构成“主语动词it形容词/名词to do sth.”结构。这些动词常见的有：find, think, consider, feel, make, believe, judge等。 We thi

9、nk it our duty to protect the environment.我们认为保护环境是我们的职责。 即学即用2单句语法填空1Dont forget to_apologize (apologize) to your brother for losing your temper when you see him.2When one loses confidence, he can never expect to_do (do) his work well.3I finally managed to_find (find) the book I was looking for.4Ma

10、ny people would like to_take (take) holidays abroad.5The question is how to_put (put) it into practice.三、既可接不定式作宾语又可接v.ing作宾语的动词或动词短语1既可跟动名词，也可跟动词不定式，意义基本没有区别的动词：love, like, hate, dislike, begin, start, continue, prefer等。Now many children like playing/to play computer games.现在许多孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。When they s

11、tarted to work/working, they found something strange.当他们开始工作的时候，他们发现了一些奇怪的事情。2有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词 宾语的形式 意义forgetto do忘记要做doing忘记做过rememberto do记着要去做doing记得做过regretto do遗憾/抱歉要做doing后悔做了tryto do尽力做doing尝试做meanto do打算做doing意味着stopto do停下来去做(另一件事)doing停止做(同一件事)go onto do接着做(另外一件事)do

12、ing接着做(同一件事)She told me to go and lock the door. She didnt remember locking the door after supper.她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.当你离开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。They didnt mean to go and help you.他们不打算去帮助你们。His words meant going to help you without delay.他的话意味

13、着他将毫不迟疑地前去帮助你们。3need, want, require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。Your house needs repairing/to be repaired.你的房子需要维修。The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately.这个问题需要立即予以解决。4在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit后面直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：allow/permit/forb

14、id/advise doing sth.允许/同意/禁止/建议做某事；allow/permit/forbid/advise sb. to do sth.允许/同意/禁止/建议某人做某事。He forbids smoking during office hours.他禁止在办公时间抽烟。Allow me to congratulate you on your great success.让我向你伟大的成功祝贺。即学即用3单句语法填空1Dont forget to_post (post) the letter for me.2I remember having_written/writing (w

15、rite) him a letter a year ago.3I like swimming (swim) very much, but I dont like to_swim (swim) this morning.4Every half an hour Mr Smith would stop to_have (have) a smoke.5After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on to_thank (thank) all the people who had helped in

16、her career.单句语法填空1Men find it easier to give up smoking (smoke) than women.2Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to_ride (ride) a bicycle.3If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely to_bring (bring) your work home.4After a brief introduction, the

17、 book went on to_describe (describe) his experiences in the army.5Sorry. We dont allow smoking (smoke) here.6It is no use telling (tell) his father about it.7Can you imagine yourself studying (study) at the university?8Success comes to those who are willing to risk committing (commit) mistakes to ac

18、hieve their goals and able to learn from those mistakes.9Have you forgotten meeting (meet) her in Beijing Airport?10The engine just wont start. Something seems to_have_gone (go) wrong with it.完成句子1Lets postpone making_a_decision until we have more information.咱们在了解了更多情况之后再作决定吧。2Here we dont permit_s

19、moking in the office.我们这儿不允许在办公室吸烟。3I have never dreamed_of_visiting that place.我从未梦想过去参观那个地方。4The floor needs_washing/to_be_washed and you need to do it before Friday.地板需要清洗了，你需要在周五之前做完。5Fred didnt have any money, so he decided_to_look_for a job.弗雷德没有钱了，因此他决定找份工作。6Tom pretended_not_to_have_heard about it, but in fact, he knew it very well.汤姆假装没有听说过，但是事实上他很了解这件事。