新人教英语优秀精美课件：选修八UNIT 1 A LAND OF DIVERSITY（可编辑）.ppt

1、英语高考总复习人教版选修八英语高考总复习人教版选修八英语高考总复习人教版选修八1._streIt n海峡 2._minz n手段；方法3_mdrtI n大多数；大半4._klIk adj.天主教的 n天主教徒5_ekrft n飞行器；航空器；飞机英语高考总复习人教版选修八6._nnltI n国籍；民族7_reIl adj.人种的；种族的8._ktl n.牛(总称)9_lId n.英 行李(美baggage)10._trm adj.(有轨)电车11_slIp vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒英语高考总复习人教版选修八12_beIkrI n.面包房；面包厂13._ferI n.渡船；渡口 vt

2、.摆渡；渡运14_haI(r)vt.&n.租用；雇用15_mInIstrI n(政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责16_hdIp n苦难；困苦17._fedrl adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的18_reIl n铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条英语高考总复习人教版选修八19_bum n(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期20_ImIreIn n移民；移居入境21._reIl adj.人种的；种族的22_krsI n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道23_vaIs n.&adj.代理；副职英语高考总复习人教版选修八24._nefju n侄子；外甥25_pl n地极；电极；磁极26._kstmz

3、n海关；关税；进口税27_eIv vt.&vi.(shaved；shaved，shaven)刮；剃28_breIk n闸；刹车；制动器英语高考总复习人教版选修八29_kndkt n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥30_l n角；角度31._nwe adv.无处；到处都无32_dstIs n正义；公平33._mn vt.&vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛英语高考总复习人教版选修八34_rItI n权威；权力 pl.当局；官方35_rIfm vt.&vi.改革；革新 n改革；改造；改良36_rspvt.&n抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案：1.strait2.means3.maj

4、ority4.Catholic5.aircraft6.nationality7.racial8.cattle9.luggage10.tram11.slip12.bakery13.ferry14.hire15.ministry16.hardship17.federal18.rail19.boom20.immigration21.racial22.crossing23.vice24.nephew25.pole26.customs27.shave28.brake29.conductor30.angle31.nowhere32.justice33.mourn34.authority35.reform3

5、6.grasp英语高考总复习人教版选修八1._n 申请人_v _n 申请；请求；实施2_n 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的_n 社会主义3_vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示_n.4_adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的_adv.英语高考总复习人教版选修八5_adj.清晰的_n 差别，区分6_vt.选择；选举某人_n 选举7_vt.处罚；惩罚_n.8_adj.公民的；国内的_n 公民_n 文明9_vt.感谢_adj.感激的英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案：1.applicant，apply，application2.socialist，socialism3.indicate，indicat

6、ion4.apparent，apparently5.distinct，distinction6.elect，election7.punish，punishment8.civil，civilian civilization9.thank，thankful英语高考总复习人教版选修八1.用办法；借助_2.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生_3某人自己的；自己做的_ 4.某人想到_5包括；吸收；欺骗_6.与作战_7另外；除此之外_英语高考总复习人教版选修八8.在不同的时期_9在十九世纪六十年代_ 10.与合作或一起工作_11划线标出界线_ 12.许多；大量的；很多_13继续生存_ 14.继续，维持_15

7、背靠背_ 16.申请_英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案：1.by means of 2.make a life3.of ones own4.occur to sb.5.take in6.fight against7.in addition8at various times9.in the 1860()s10.team up with.11.mark out12.a good/great many13.live on14keep up15.back to back16.apply for英语高考总复习人教版选修八1.我们用词句来表达思想。(用by means of)_答案：We express o

8、ur thoughts by means of words.英语高考总复习人教版选修八2他没有地方可睡，于是我们就提出让他留宿。(用offer和take in)_答案：He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in.英语高考总复习人教版选修八3我突然想起去探望父母。(用it occurs to sb.译成两个不同句式的句子)_答案：It occurred to me to visit my parents.It occurred to me that I should visit my parents.英语高考总复习人教版选修八4汤姆开

9、会迟到的原因是因为他病了。(用主从复合句)_答案：The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.英语高考总复习人教版选修八5我不理解她想要什么。(用make out)_答案：I cant make out what she wants.英语高考总复习人教版选修八一、帮你归纳1by means of 以方法by no means 绝不Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我

10、们的生活品质绝不令人满意。英语高考总复习人教版选修八辨析：method，way，means与approach(1)method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。尤指有次序的，有计划的方法，较正式。常用介词with。(2)way普通用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法。常用介词in。(3)means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。(4)approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径。英语高考总复习人教版选修八这样考过(2009海南中学)May I stay home from school?_.Or youll miss a lot of le

11、ssons.ANever mindBHelp yourselfCIt can never be too goodDBy no means答案：D英语高考总复习人教版选修八2majority n.大多数the majority of大多数，后常接复数谓语动词。the majority作主语，谓语动词用单复数均可。the majority of people=most of the people=most peoplemajor adj.主要的英语高考总复习人教版选修八这样考过(2007江南十校)What is boys favorite sport?_ of the boys like play

12、ing football.ANoneBThe mostCThe majority DEvery解析：A项回答不符合常理；most of表示“大多数”，前面不用冠词；every常与单数名词连用；the majority of意为“大多数”，符合题意。答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八还可能这样考The majority of students_favour of his suggestion.Aare in Bis inCare for Dare at解析：students是复数形式，故谓语动词用are。in favour of支持，拥护，是固定结构。答案：A英语高考总复习人教版选修八3elec

13、t vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人be elected as.被选举为be elected to do.决定做英语高考总复习人教版选修八这样考过(2009太原测试)Obama is the first African America_ president of the United States.Achosen Bpicked upCelected Dfound out解析：过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句who is elected president of the United States。答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八4keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗，传统等)keep aw

14、ay 使离开；使站开keep back 阻止；阻挡keep down 控制；压制keep out 关在门外；不准入内keep to 坚持；保持；不离开keep on 继续英语高考总复习人教版选修八这样考过(2009郑州预测)If we _ this speed，we will finish the task ahead of time.Ahold up Bbreak upCkeep up Dtake up解析：结合句意“如果我们保持目前的速度，我们将能够提前完成任务”可知，应选keep up“继续，保持”。hold up“举起，耽搁”；break up“打碎，分解”；take up“开始从事，

15、占去”显然不符合句意。答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八5indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indicate sth.to sb.向某人指出/暗示某物indicate that.示意；表明indication of doing sth.=indication as to sth./that的迹象英语高考总复习人教版选修八这样考过(2009济南模拟)How badly reform is needed was _ recently by the rising youth crime figures.Asuspected BindicatedCinfluenced Dannounced

16、解析：句意为：不断上升的青少年犯罪人数表明改革是多么得迫切。indicate表示表明，暗示。而suspect表示怀疑；influence表示影响；announce表示宣布。答案：B英语高考总复习人教版选修八6make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等come to life 突然苏醒；突然开始工作；突然变得活跃live/lead a.life过着生活come back to life苏醒过来，恢复生气full of life 充满生气make/earn a/ones living 谋生start/make a new life 开始新生活英语高考总复习人教版选修八7team up wi

17、thwork together with 与合作或一起工作in a team/on a team 属于队a team game 一项团队运动a team player 有团队精神的人teamwork n.配合，协同工作team spirit 团队精神，合作精神team up 结成队，合作英语高考总复习人教版选修八8mark out 划线，标出界线；显示或注定(某人)可能成功；勾销；指定；制订出；选出mark sb.out for sth.选择某人接受某物mark down 记下；减价；给低分mark off 用界线隔开，划分开mark up 涨价；提高；标记be marked with.用做上

18、记号make a mark 做记号英语高考总复习人教版选修八可能这样考Many streets in this city have been _ for extension.Astretched out Bmarked outCleft out Dstood out解析：句意为：这个城市的许多街道已被划线标出以进行扩修。stretch out“伸展”；mark out“划线标出”；leave out“删去”；stand out“突出，显眼”。由句意知B项正确。答案：B英语高考总复习人教版选修八9take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗take away拿走；使离开；消除(病痛等)take dow

19、n记下来；拆掉take for(错)当做；(误)以为take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下take on呈现；雇用take over接收，接管，取代take up占去，占据；开始；从事英语高考总复习人教版选修八(2009天津滨海新区)It is a common theme in many fiction stories that the world may one day be _ by insects.Abroken in Brun over Ctaken over Dfilled in解析：“世界终有一天会被昆虫控制”。选C“控制；接管”。A“强行进入；打断”；B“溢出；轧过”；D“填满”

20、。答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八(2009安徽)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all _.Agiven away Bkept awayCtaken up Dused up解析：句意：我们想找一个7张人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。give away 出卖，赠送；keep away 远离；take up 占据；use up 用光。答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八10hire vt.&n(短期)租用，雇用hire and fire 聘用与解雇hire out 出租(短期)for hire可供出租辨析：employ，hire 与

21、rentemploy 雇，雇人，指商店或公司长期雇用的人。hire 租，雇，指按工作量或时间雇用人。rent 租，指长期租赁土地、房屋等，若暂时租借也可用hire。fire/dismiss.解雇某人英语高考总复习人教版选修八二、帮你解疑1Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California，no one really knows.没有人知道，第一批开拓者首次到达我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的确切时间。Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now kn

22、ow as California是when引导的宾语从句，该从句作knows的宾语，移至句首以示强调。该从句中what we now know as California是arrive in的宾语从句，其中what属于连接代词。英语高考总复习人教版选修八A modern city was built in what used to be a wasteland.一座现代化的城市在过去的荒地上建了起来。She is always thinking of what she can do to help others.她总是想着应该做什么来帮助别人。英语高考总复习人教版选修八2By the time

23、 California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。(1)by the time 到时候为止，引导时间状语从句。如果状语从句的谓语动词为一般现在时，则主句的谓语动词使用将来完成时。Ill have finished my work by the time you come.你来时我将完成工作了。英语高考总复习人教版选修八如果状语从句

24、的谓语动词为一般过去时，则主句的谓语动词使用过去完成时。By the time he was fourteen years old，he had learnt maths all by himself.当他14岁时，他就已经自学了数学。(2)Its(high)time(that)sb.did/should do sth.“该是的时候了”。该句型中的that从句需要用虚拟语气，谓语动词常用过去时或should动词原形，且should不可省略。英语高考总复习人教版选修八(3)This/It/That is the first/second/last time(that)sb.hasdone sth

25、.“是某人第几次”在该句型中，从句中的谓语动词必须用完成时。英语高考总复习人教版选修八3That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。句中的why引导的为表语从句，注意以下句式区别(1)Thats why.这就是为什么(why从句表示结果)(2)Thats because.这是因为(because从句表示原因)(3)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(表语从句常用that

26、引导，而不用because)英语高考总复习人教版选修八Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他生病了。Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是因为他病了。英语高考总复习人教版选修八1(2009江西五校联考)Im afraid that I can

27、t finish the task as soon as planned._.ADont be afraid BDont mention itCI suppose so DTake your time答案与解析：DA项“别担心/别害怕”；B项“别提了”；C项“我想如此”；D项“别着急”。第一个说话人的意思是：我恐怕不能按计划完成任务。故应选D。英语高考总复习人教版选修八2(2009江西九所联考)I apologise for not helping you._.AOh，not at all BOh，thats rightCOh，well，thats life DWell，its the dea

28、l英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案与解析：C“Oh，well，thats life.”的意思为“没什么”或“生活就是这样”。用于鼓励人接受不愉快的事情或表示对于发生的事情无能为力。英语高考总复习人教版选修八3(2009江西重点联考)Your mother wont agree with you on that；you know，this hairstyle is not suitable for a student._？I dont care what she thinks.Anyway，I am not a child any more.AHow come BSo whatCWhat for

29、DHow so英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案与解析：B根据答语后半部分内容可知说话人不在乎母亲对自己发型的看法，所以用“那又怎么样？”A项表示“怎么会呢？”C项表示“为什么”。英语高考总复习人教版选修八4(2009东北三校联考)Are you getting a new apartment this year?_ I cant afford to pay my bills，let alone buy a new apartment.ADont mention it.BYou must be joking!CAre you sure?DGood idea!英语高考总复习人教版选修八答案与解析：B

30、根据答语中I cant afford to pay my bills.可知，答话者对对方所说的事情表示否定，认为他是在开玩笑，自己连一般的生活开支都承担不起，怎么可能买得起房子呢。由此可知B项“你一定是在开玩笑吧”符合题意。英语高考总复习人教版选修八5(2009成都外国语学校)I failed todays math test！What shall I do?_！Try once more.ACheer up BHurry upCTake it easy DDont mention it答案与解析：A 结合答语Try once more“再试一次”可判断此处选Cheer up。说话人在安慰对方

31、，希望对方“提起精神，振作起来”。英语高考总复习人教版选修八1(2010安庆联考)Some of the scientists held the point _ the book said was right.Awhat whatBthat thatCwhat that Dthat what答案与解析：D 以that引导的同位语从句进一步说明解释the point的内容，从句中有以what引导的主语从句。英语高考总复习人教版选修八2(2010北京海滨区)Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf.Its _ our children cant

32、 reach it.Awhat BthatCwhere Dhow答案：C英语高考总复习人教版选修八3(2010湖南四市九校联考)The textbook is filled with cases about _ our life has developed thanks to new inventions.Awhat BwhereCwhy Dhow答案：D英语高考总复习人教版选修八4(2010南京师大附中)Faced with challenges，you should believe your courage is _ makes a difference.Athat BwhatCwhich

33、 Dwhatever答案：B英语高考总复习人教版选修八5(2010盐城测评)Never give children false hope by promising to offer _ they cant easily get.Awhat BwhichCthat D/答案：A英语高考总复习人教版选修八(2009四川)All too often，a choice that seems sustainable(可持续的)turns out on closer examination to be problematic.Probably the best example is the rush to

34、 produce ethanol(乙醇)for fuel from corn.Corn is a renewable resourceyou can harvest it and grow more，almost limitlessly.So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea.英语高考总复习人教版选修八One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it，which could still make ethanol m

35、ore sustainable than gas generally，but thats not the end of the problem.Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people，which drives up the cost of food.That result leads to turning the fallow landincluding，in some cases，rain forest in places such as Brazilinto farmland

36、，which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide(CO2)into the air.Finally，over many英语高考总复习人教版选修八years，the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the loss.But by then，climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.英语高考总复习人教版选修八You cannot really declare any practice“s

37、ustainable”untilyou have done a complete lifecycle analysis of its environmental(环境的)costs.Eventhen，technology and public policy keep developing，and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results.The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.英

38、语高考总复习人教版选修八1What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text?AThe growing demand for energy to make ethanol.BThe increasing carbon dioxide in the air.CThe greater need for farmland.DThe big change in weather.答案与解析：C 细节理解题。第二段第二句：使用谷物乙醇会导致要把fallow land，包括rain forest变为耕地来种谷物。故选C

39、。英语高考总复习人教版选修八2The underlined word“it”in the second paragraph refers to“_”Athe energy benefit Bthe forest lossCclimate change Dburning ethanol答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据前面一句话：多年后，从燃烧谷物乙醇中得来的能源好处会弥补森林流失。但是，到那时气候变化如此之大也许这样的能源好处就得不偿失了。故选A。英语高考总复习人教版选修八3The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is _.A

40、impractical BacceptableCadmirable Duseless答案与解析：A 细节理解题。第一段第一句：通常，一个似乎是可持续的选择一经仔细检查却证明是很有问题的。然后举用谷物乙醇代替汽油为例说明那是不切实际的。英语高考总复习人教版选修八4What does the author mainly discuss in the text?ATechnology.BSustainability.CEthanol energy.DEnvironmental protection.答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。结合第一段第一句，第三段首句和最后一句可知应选B。英语高考总复习人教版选修八