2019版高考英语江苏专版二轮复习阅读理解组合练（三） WORD版含解析.doc

1、阅读理解组合练(三)(限时30分钟)A(2018扬州高三一模)As you enter university, you are likely to be confused by new demands and challenges. You need to decide for yourselves what you want to achieve when you graduate. It is important that you have appropriate and realistic expectations of a university education and know h

2、ow far you can go towards achieving your personal and academic goals, so that you will have a sense of achievement at the end of your first year as well as when you graduate.This website aims to be a quick one stop information hub to help you understand more about learning at HKU and make better use

3、 of HKUs support services.University life is an adventure that literally everyone here is a key player.Your strategic moves at each stage have a direct impact on the outcomes of this adventure. The key to winning is mainly about how you manage your resources, especially your time. Most successful pl

4、ayers engage themselves in activities that meet their needs and goals.First Year ExperienceAs a new player, you may find yourself standing at the crossroads and wondering which directions you should go. An open mind for handling new challenges and a roadmap or planning and setting priorities during

5、your stay at HKU are what you need to start your journey.And dont forget to check out the following to familiarise yourself with the “game rules”， “support and resources” and “opportunity cards” on hand：* HKU Education aims to know what you are expected to achieve.* The key cards that contribute to

6、your academic, professional and social excellence, eg. Horizons Office, Common Core, Centre for Sports and Exercise (CSE), Centre for Applied English Studies (CAES)语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个旨在帮助大学新生尽快适应大学生活的网站。1According to the passage, which is the most important for students academic success?ASeeking s

7、upport from their teachers.BSetting personal and academic goals.CBeing familiar with school facilities.DMaking good use of their time.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下面的第二句“The key to winning is mainly about how you manage your resources, especially your time.”可知，一个学生要获得学业上的成功，最重要的是利用好时间。2The purpose of this web

8、site is to _. Aattract more excellent students to attend HKUBhelp new students adapt to their university lifeCencourage students to seek adventure at universityDadvertise roadmaps and key cards among students解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段“This website aims to be a quick one stop information hub to help you unders

9、tand more about learning at HKU and make better use of HKUs support services.”可知，这个网站的目的是帮助新学生快速适应大学生活。B(2018南京、盐城高三二模)Grant Woods American Gothic is a painting thats puzzled generations whove stopped to wonder at the real meaning behind it. We all know it: a seriouslooking couple in front of their

10、gothicarched wooden house in a style called Carpenters Gothic, for which the painting is named.It was painted in 1930, when US artists were inspired to paint realist scenes of rural America during the Depression in a style that became known as Regionalism.The couple are identified either as a farmer

11、 and his wife, or as a daughter with her unsmiling and overprotective father. Woods sister, Nan, who posed for the picture, always insisted the two were father and daughter, perhaps finding the age gap too improper. The relationship has always remained interestingly conflicting.Unlike her elder comp

12、anions fixed stare, the woman glances off to the side. Her expression is actually difficult to determine. She looks sorrowful, or perhaps uncomfortable, though her straitlaced primness (拘谨保守的古板) is weakened by an escaping coil of hair at the back of her neck. As if holding guard against those antici

13、pated intruders (侵入者) probably protecting his daughterwifes virtue, though she doesnt seem particularly happy about it the man holds a pitchfork in a soldierlike fashion. And that is what lends the work its uneasy (不协调的) comedy. Everything about it is an artful setup.First of all, Nan never actually

14、 posed with the man in the picture, nor are they in any way related. Wood had spotted the house during a drive to the town of Eldon in Iowa. It immediately gave him an idea.“That idea was to find two people who, by their straitlaced characters, would be suitable for such a home，” he later explained.

15、 The couple were actually painted separately, and neither sitter was painted in front of the house. The farmer, as you might have already guessed, isnt actually a farmer, but a certain Dr. Bryon McKeeby, a wealthy dentist from Cedar Rapids, where Wood lived with his mother and sister. The couples cl

16、othing too has been carefully handpicked by the artist.In addition, both their faces, Nans in particular, have been thinned and lengthened, as has the famous gothic window and roof. And, if you look carefully, you might even detect something funereal about the scene, beyond the tombstone features of

17、 the couple. Its suggested by the womans primly buttoned black dress, and in the mans smart black overcoat.Some thought the work mercilessly laughed at the lifestyle in the Midwest. Meanwhile, some critics praised the painting as a cutting smalltown satire (讽刺). Still others saw the painting as hono

18、ring the Midwest and its strong values.Regarding the paintings comic tone, Wood himself gave contradictory accounts.“There is satire in it，” he once said，“but only as there is satire in any realistic statement.”Perhaps it is this ambiguity that has made the painting the most symbolic in US history.语

19、篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Grant Wood的绘画作品American Gothic的艺术风格及人们对这一作品的理解。3What is uncertain about American Gothic?AThe identity of the models.BThe characters relationship.CHow the painting got its name.DWhere the background house was.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第三段，尤其是最后一句的“The relationship has always remained interesti

20、ngly conflicting”可知，人们无法确定画中的人物关系。4What indicates the womans straitlaced primness?AHer glancing off to the side.BHer carefully buttoned black dress.CThe determination in her expression.DThe escaping coil of hair at the back of her neck.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“though her straitlaced primness (拘谨保守的古板) i

21、s weakened by an escaping coil of hair at the back of her neck”可以判断D项错误，而A项和C项都与straitlaced primness无关。根据第六段最后一句可知，B项中的carefully buttoned black dress最能反映出她的古板。5What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AAmbiguity is an essential part of any good painting.BIt is beyond doubt that the painting has

22、a comic tone.CThe statement that Wood himself gave clarifies nothing.DAmerican Gothic is the most controversial in US history.解析：选C推理判断题。根据该段中的关键词“contradictory (矛盾的)”和“ambiguity (模棱两可)”可知，Wood所说的话并没有澄清任何东西。C(2018苏北四市一模)In 2015 a paper published in a science magazine reported on the personality type

23、s of people living in various London districts. Extroverts (外向的人), the researchers who wrote it had discovered favored Richmond. Those who were most open to experience gathered in Hackney. People in Barnet scored lower than average on emotional stability.What this study did not address was whether s

24、omeones home range reflects their personality traits or imposes them. In other words, is what is going on “nature” or “nurture (培育)”？ However, in a piece of research just published, Dr. Holtmann of Otago University, in New Zealand, and his colleagues have filled that gap at least, they have filled i

25、t for dunnocks. The dunnock is a European bird. It has, though, been introduced to New Zealand and its population has boomed there. It is a wellstudied species, and, in particular, some being measurably bolder (更大胆的) and more tolerant of potential threats, such as nearby human beings, than others. T

26、he teams research area was the Botanic Garden in Dunedin. This is open to the public, but some areas are more frequented by visitors than others. Dunnocks have small territories, so it was possible to measure the amount of human disturbance in a given territory with reasonable precision. And, by wra

27、pping each of the dunnocks in the garden with colourcoded bands it was possible to identify individuals by sight. Altogether, the researchers looked at 99 of them.They worked out a birds level of threat tolerance by the simple method of walking towards it, and then measuring how close one could get

28、before the bird flew away. They did this several times for each bird every breeding season, and repeated the process over the course of three seasons. A particular birds flight distance (i.e. how closely it could be approached before it departed) was, they found, consistent within a breeding season.

29、 From season to season most birds got a little bolder probably as they learnt more about the world and what they could safely get away with. But this increase in boldness with age was small compared with the different starting points of bold and shy birds when they first arrived in a territory. It d

30、id not, therefore, much affect the fact that, on average, birds flight distances were inversely correlated (负相关) with the level of human disturbance in their territories. This was a consequence of disturbed territories being settled by bold birds, and undisturbed territories by shy ones.In the case

31、of dunnocks, then, nature wins over nurture. Dr. Holtmann was able to show that personalities match circumstances, rather than being created by them. Dunnocks can recognize which places suit them best, and choose to settle in them shortly after they are fully fledged(羽翼丰满). Most likely, that is happ

32、ening in London districts, too.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种欧洲鸟类会根据自己的性格特点选择栖息地。6What does the underlined words “that gap” in the second paragraph refer to?AWhat the paper published in 2015 failed to handle.BWhy extroverts favour certain areas in London district.CHow Dr. Holtmann involved dunnocks in his

33、study.DWhat the former and latter study have in common.解析：选A词义猜测题。由第二段第一、二句“What this study did not address was whether someones home range reflects their personality traits or imposes them. In other words, is what is going on nature or nurture (培育)？”可知，这项研究没有解决的问题是，一个人的家庭范围究竟是反映还是强加给了他们的个性特征，换句话说，“

34、天性”或“后天”是怎么回事？gap是指“缺口，空白”，与选项A“这篇发表在2015年的论文没能解决的问题”相吻合。7From Paragraph 3, we can know that dunnocks _. Aare native to New ZealandBhave distinct personalitiesCare bolder than human beingsDcan be easily identified by its colour解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段第三句“It is a wellstudied species, and, in particular, some

35、being measurably bolder (更大胆的) and more tolerant of potential threats, such as nearby human beings, than others.”可知，dunnocks有独特的性格特征，故选B。8What conclusion did Dr. Holtmann draw from his study?AIts nurture rather than nature that matters in the case of dunnocks behaviour.BBirds flight distances were i

36、n proportion to human disturbance in their territories.CDunnocks choose their habitats wisely in the first place rather than adapt to them.DBold birds and shy birds alike settle in undisturbed territories in the botanic garden.解析：选C细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句“This was a consequence of disturbed territories bei

37、ng settled by bold birds, and undisturbed territories by shy ones.”可知，这是由于胆大的鸟定居在受干扰的地区，而胆小的鸟则选择了不受干扰的地区安家。故dunnocks会首先明智地选择栖息地而不是适应栖息地，所以选C。9What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo argue that circumstances cultivate certain personalities.BTo entertain readers with some funny facts ab

38、out dunnocks.CTo present the finding of a scientific research about dunnocks.DTo confirm the assumption that personalities match circumstances.解析：选D写作目的题。纵观全文，作者描述霍德曼博士的研究是为了证明个性与环境相匹配，从最后一段的最后一句也可以得知，作者认为这种情况也可能发生在伦敦市区。也就是说，鸟类的这种性格差异可能也适用于人类，完善了2015年研究的结果。由此可知选项D符合文意。D(2018镇江高三一模)Over the past deca

39、de, the growth in highskilled jobs has largely been limited to Australias biggest cities. Meanwhile, in rural and regional Australia lowerskilled jobs have been growing fastest. This skills gap is increasing regional differences in income and employment opportunities, despite the promises of technol

40、ogy and infrastructure as solutions to the tyranny of remoteness.Our research finds that jobs, particularly the highly skilled, whitecollar kind, are becoming increasingly collaborative (协作的). Complex tasks and rapidly changing work environments have increased the need for workers who can collaborat

41、e with others to solve problems and who are open to continuous learning. Roles for highly skilled workers are becoming more specialized. This specialization means more collaboration with other specialists and greater space for market positioning.The productive advantages of cities are selfreinforcin

42、g. Skilled workers benefit from the opportunity to learn from and add value with other skilled workers. The coordination (协调) costs of this collaborative work are reduced when team members are colocated.Employers also benefit from proximity (接近) to similar firms because there is a larger pool of ski

43、lled candidates for new jobs and better access to potential business partners. All these advantages encourage further specialization and productivity gains, with the result that workers and business continue to concentrate around large city centers.The growing skills divide between urban and rural A

44、ustralia reflects a paradox (悖论) of the digital economy. While digital technology represents a channel for bridging geographic distance, highly skilled workers are increasingly crowding into cities. The latest census (人口普查) data shows no change in the rate of working from home, despite muchimproved

45、digital infrastructure in some areas. In time this may change, perhaps as video conferencing technology improves. However, while better technology might allow regional workers to interact with colleagues and clients in cities, it will also make it easier for citybased professionals to service region

46、al areas.Employment is still growing in regional Australia. But the fact that cities make highly skilled workers more productive means the gap in skilled employment is likely to continue to widen.Attempts to swim against this tide by moving skilled jobs to the country will be expensive. Currently, s

47、ubsidies (补助金) are needed to attract and retain (保留) highly skilled health professionals to regional communities. Despite this, our analysis of the latest census data shows that the skills gap between regions and cities is still growing.So these subsidies are not translating into sustainable, collab

48、orative communities of highskilled regional workers. Instead, regions need to focus on their strengths, and foster the entrepreneurship that can create new sources of gainful employment.The governments move towards more individualised funding arrangements in the aged care and disability care sectors

49、 will increasingly become a resilient (有弹性的) source of income for workers and businesses in regional communities. Demand for aged care services is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades, such that by 2050 some 3.5 million Australians will require aged care. Adding to this, regional

50、communities are experiencing population ageing at a faster rate than the large capital cities.These are important jobs which should be recognised as such. There will be opportunities for regional businesses to provide the technology and services (ranging from personalised transport to food services)

51、 which allow older people and Australians with disability to remain active and healthy.Currently people from the regions who are eager for professional careers typically move to the city to study. In many cases they do not return. Here, technology may be part of the solution. Combining specialised o

52、nline educational resources with good local support teachers could enable students to access a much wider range of courses from regional areas.Regional communities will also need entrepreneurs (企业家) to develop the future industries and microbusinesses which improve the diversity and resilience of th

53、e local economy. However, startups and existing businesses are more likely to survive and expand when there is a supportive entrepreneurship ecosystem, including access to relevant skills development opportunities.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了技术性工作在加拿大的城市和农村之间差距越来越大这一现象及其原因。10What is the remarkable characteri

54、stic of the highskilled job?ACollaboration.BComplexity.COrganization. DSustainability.解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Our research finds that jobs, particularly the highly skilled, whitecollar kind, are becoming increasingly collaborative (协作的)”可知，高技能的工作的突出特征是具有合作的精神。11Workers and business continue to concentrat

55、e around large city centers in that _. Ahighly skilled workers increase the coordination costsBpotential business partners live close to large city centersCthey encourage selfdependence and increase differencesDthey benefit from specialization and productive advantages解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“All these

56、advantages encourage further specialization and productivity gains, with the result that workers and business continue to concentrate around large city centers.”可知，所有的这些优势都鼓励进一步的专业化和提高生产力，这就导致了大量的生意和工人集中在城市地区。12What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?ADigital infrastructure in some are

57、as have been greatly improved.BThe lowerskilled workers are likely to have a considerable income.CDigital technology doesnt necessarily bridge the gap in skilled employment.DThe government will have more support and preferential policies for business.解析：选C句意理解题。画线句后面一句的意思是说，数字技术声称能跨越地理的距离，但其实并没有，优秀的

58、人才还是涌入城市。所以画线句的含义是，数字技术并没有真正地为有技能的受雇者缩小地理上的距离。13The author mentions “aged care services” to indicate that _. Athey lack proper managementBthey can bring new jobs to regionsCthey focus on their technical strengthsDthey help regions funding arrangements解析：选B推理判断题。根据倒数第四段第一句“The governments move toward

59、s more individualised funding arrangements in the aged care and disability care sectors will increasingly become a resilient (有弹性的) source of income for workers and businesses in regional communities.”可知，作者谈到老年化服务和残疾人服务是为了说明这些做法能够给乡村带来新的工作机会。14What is the key message of the last paragraph?ACombining

60、 online resources with local support teachers is a good way.BEntrepreneurs can improve the diversity to develop their own industries.CRegional communities supply sufficient subsidies to pay skilled workers.DSupportive entrepreneurship ecosystems play a crucial role in regional areas.解析：选D段落大意题。最后一段的

61、大意：地方发展未来的产业需要企业家的支持，而现在那些刚起步的公司和已经成立的商业公司在一个支持创业的环境中更容易生存，所以一个支持创业的环境很重要。故答案选D。15What does the passage mainly talk about?ALowskilled jobs have been growing fast in regional Australia.BRegional Australia is committed to the development of local economy.CThe skill jobs gap is increasing between cities and regions in Australia.DHighly skilled workers crowd into cities to pursue career development.解析：选C主旨大意题。文章第一段提到在过去的十年中，澳大利亚技术含量高的工作都集中在城市，而技术含量低的工作都集中在农村，而且农村和城市工作在技术含量方面的差距是越来越大了。这个就是文章的主题，接下来的几段都是在阐述造成这种现象的原因。