2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit2LessonsinlifeSectionⅡUsinglanguage课时作业含解析外研版选择性必修第四册202107021214.docx

1、uUnit 2 Lessons in lifeSSection Using language.阅读理解AThe word proactivity is fairly common in management literature, but you wont find it in the dictionary. It means that as a human being you take responsibility for your own life.Look at the word responsibility: the ability to choose your response, r

2、esponseability. Effective people are proactive because they take responsibility. Their behavior is a product of their own decisions, based on values, rather than being a product of their own conditions, based on feelings. For instance, you are planning a picnic with your family. Youre excited. You h

3、ave all the preparations. Youve decided where to go, and then it becomes stormy, killing your plan. Proactive people carry_weather_within_them. They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if its in their own basement with some special games, and make

4、the best of that situation. The opposite of being proactive is to be reactive. Reactive people would say, “Whats the use？”“We cant do anything.”“Oh, this is so upsetting after all of our preparations and arrangements.” They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancel

5、led.Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. Your basic nature is to act, and not to be acted upon. Thats true, despite widespread theories of determinism used to explain human nature. Determinism says that you dont really choose anything and that what you call choices are not

6、hing more than automatic responses to outside conditions.The language of reactive people is like: “I cant.”“Dont have time.”“I have to.”“I must.” The whole spirit of that language is the transfer of responsibility. They think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or by

7、their conditioning or their genetic makeup. Psychologically, people who believe they are determined will produce the evidence to support the belief, and they increasingly feel victimized and out of control. Theyre not in charge of their life at all.On the contrary, a proactive person exercises free

8、will and is free to choose the response that best applies to his values. In that way, he gains control over the circumstances, rather than being controlled by them.1According to the passage, a proactive persons behavior can result from _.Athe environment Ban inner beliefCthe genetic makeup Da tempor

9、ary feeling2What does “carry weather within them” in the second paragraph probably mean?AManage to improve the weather.BGive in to the weather passively.CStress the influence of the weather.DFind a solution to the weather problem.3When a picnic plan is threatened by a sudden storm, reactive people w

10、ill probably _.Ahave the picnic as plannedBmake the best of the picnicCcomplain and give up the picnicDfind somewhere else for the picnic4It can be concluded from the passage that determinists (宿命论者) _.Aaccept things passivelyBare in charge of themselvesCare similar to proactive peopleDrespond to ou

11、tside conditions activelyBToni Morrison was an American writer who received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Her novels, Beloved, SongofSolomon and others explored the way AfricanAmericans search for freedom and identity in a country obsessed (受困扰的) with skin colour. Morrison was nearly 40 when she pu

12、blished her first novel TheBluestEye in 1970. The Nobel Prize committee described her writing as “language itself, a language she wants to liberate from race”. Her novels discussed Americas past, focusing on black history and the effects of slavery and racism. She called her characters“theunfree at

13、the heart of the democratic (民主的) experiment”In 1988, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel Beloved, the story of a mother who kills her baby daughter rather than permit her to return to slavery. It became a bestseller and was later made into a film. Many Americans admired her as the countrys gre

14、atest writer, including former President Barack Obama.She was born in 1931. She attended Howard University, an allblack university in Washington, DC. At Howard, she read African, British and American literature, including writers William Faulkner and Virginia Woolf. After a short marriage, she becam

15、e a single mother of two sons and worked as a book editor in New York.Several publishers rejected her first book TheBluestEye, but it impressed TheNewYorkTimes book critic (评论家) John Leonard, who believed Morrison was an important new voice. He said her writing was “so full of pain and wonder that t

16、he novel becomes poetry”Morrison enjoyed her literary fame and was proud of her Nobel Prize.5What are Toni Morrisons books mainly about?AWomens equality and rights.BThe development of America.CThe literature of America.DBlack history and racism.6Which of the following helped Toni Morrison receive th

17、e Pulitzer Prize?ABeloved.BSongofSolomon.CTheBluestEye. DTheNewYorkTimes.7Why is former President Barack Obama mentioned?ATo show Barack Obamas support in literature.BTo prove Toni Morrisons greatness as a writer.CTo stress Toni Morrisons contribution to America.DTo remind readers of the skin colour

18、 of Barack Obama.8What can we infer from John Leonards words?AHe thought highly of Morrison.BHe rejected the book The Bluest Eye.CThe book The Bluest Eye made him painful.DToni Morrisons book was hard to understand.七选五Hope is the most powerful motivating force (驱动力) that helps people to overcome the

19、 difficulties. _1_ you need the guiding force to keep you moving toward your goals. Hope keeps you on your feet and makes you much stronger.Hope is your strength and inner faith in the battle of your life. _2_ you lose everything. You do hard work and make a great effort to succeed in life but fail.

20、 That makes you upset and depressed. You do not know what to do. At that time hope comes to your rescue and gives you encouragement. _3_Hope increases the productivity, efficiency and creativity of people. A hopeful person is a positive person who can succeed in any field of his choice. _4_ The best

21、 service we can do to mankind is giving hope to hopeless people._5_ Yes, hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live. Give hope to people and they will become more creative and more productive. Hope is vital to the life of every person. Besides, hope is necessary not only f

22、or life but also for living a healthy life. Hope is the best medicine that keeps away from tension, depression, despair, high blood pressure and other health problems. I had two big heart attacks and while at the edge of death, I had hope that I would survive. And the hope of getting well kept me al

23、ive.AA hopeless person is a failed person who can never succeed in life.BHave you ever lost hope and felt sorry for yourself?CSince youre full of hope for the future，DYou try one more time and succeed.EIn the ups and downs of life，FIs hope necessary for life?GIf you lose hope，课时作业(五).阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一

24、篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极的人和消极的人的区别，例如在遭遇天气不好野餐计划搁浅的时候，积极的人会想办法进行野餐，而消极的人会直接取消计划。积极的人行为动力来自内心，而消极的人却由周围的环境左右其决定。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第三段前两句Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. Your basic nature is to act，and not to be acted upon.可知，积极主动其实就是忠于你的人性。人的本性是行动，而不是任人摆布。由此可知一个积极的人，他的行动源于他的内心和本性。故

25、选B。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段画线部分后面的内容They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if its in their own basement with some special games.可知积极的人明白他们真正的目的是什么，尽管天气对计划不利，但他们会选择合适的地方，即使是在自家的地下室里进行一些特别的游戏，最终达到目的。所以当环境不利于计划的时候，积极的人会创造性地想出解决方法，达到目的。由此推断，第二段的“carry wea

26、ther within them”可能是指找到解决天气问题的办法。故选D。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled.可知消极的人会试图说服他们周围的人并最后取消野餐。所以当野餐计划受到突然的暴风雨威胁时，消极的人可能会抱怨并放弃野餐。故选C。4答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段中They think things are determined by their environment, or by their condi

27、tions, or by their conditioning or their genetic makeup.可知，消极的人认为事情是由环境决定的，或由他们的条件或基因组成决定。再结合第二段野餐的例子可推断出，消极的人在面对计划不得不改变时，他们会抱怨但接受现实，而不会想办法去创造机会实现目标。由此推断出宿命论者消极地接受事物。故选A。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国诺贝尔文学奖得主托妮莫里森的作品以情感炽热、简短而富有诗意，并对美国黑人生活的敏锐观察而闻名。5答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中的Her novels discussed Americas past, foc

28、using on black history and the effects of slavery and racism.可知，她的小说主要是关于黑人历史和种族歧视的。故选D项。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1988，she won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel Beloved可知，帮助她获得普利策奖的是小说宠儿。故选A项。7答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的Many Americans admired her as the countrys greatest writer, including former President Ba

29、rack Obama.可推知，文中提到前总统奥巴马是来证明托妮莫里森作为作家的影响力之大。故选B项。8答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的.John Leonard，who believed Morrison was an important new voice. He said her writing was “so full of pain and wonder that the novel becomes poetry”可知，约翰伦纳德对莫里森评价很高。故选A项。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论希望对于人的重要性：希望是最强大的驱动力，帮助人们克服困难。1答案与

30、解析：E根据后面you need the guiding force to keep you moving toward your goals(你需要引导力量，让你朝着目标前进)可知，前半句提及的应是困难的情境，需要引导力量帮助前行。E选项In the ups and downs of life(在人生的起起落落中)符合语境。故选E项。2答案与解析：G根据前一句Hope is your strength and inner faith in the battle of your life.(希望是你在人生奋斗中的力量和内心的信念。)可知，希望是很重要的。因此，失去希望就失去了一切。G选项If

31、you lose hope(如果你失去希望)与后面you lose everything可结合在一起表达此意。故选G项。3答案与解析：D根据前一句At that time hope comes to your rescue and gives you encouragement.(那时，希望会来搭救你，鼓励你。)可知，希望鼓励人们再次努力尝试。D选项You try one more time and succeed.(你再试一次就成功了。)为希望鼓励人们成功的结果，符合语境。故选D项。4答案与解析：A根据后一句The best service we can do to mankind is g

32、iving hope to hopeless people.(我们能为人类做的最好的事就是给绝望的人希望。)可知，设空处应提及绝望的人为什么需要被给予希望。A选项A hopeless person is a failed person who can never succeed in life.(一个没有希望的人是一个在生活中永远不会成功的失败的人。)符合语境。故选A项。5答案与解析：F根据设空处后的回答Yes，hope gives meaning to life as without hope there is no reason to live.(是的，希望赋予生命意义，因为没有希望就没有生活的理由。)可知，设空处在对希望是否重要提问。F选项Is hope necessary for life？符合语境，故选F项。