2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练30.docx

1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第30课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种

2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注出选择答案的依据。For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techn

3、iques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. The authors intention remains as mysterious as his name; he may have been simply taking notes f

4、or his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills the author described. You simply cant get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it, she says. Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isnt

5、 just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists d

6、iscovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus. The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. Whats more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked

7、 like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We cant appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you

8、 can do only when you have a road map. Smith has put the manuscripts ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and probl

9、em solving. Back when sciencethen called “the new philosophy”took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light. If we can rediscov

10、er the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.1. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?A. Confused about the technical terms.B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.C. Discouraged

11、 by its complex structure.D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.2. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _.A. restore old workshopsB. understand the craftsmenC. improve visual effectsD. inspire the philosophers3. Why does the author mention museums?A. To reveal the beaut

12、y of ancient objects.B. To present the findings of old science.C. To highlight the importance of antiques.D. To emphasis the values of hand skills.4. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for ArtistsB. Craftsmanship Leads to New TheoriesC. Craftsmanship Makes Bet

13、ter ScientistsD. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.re-create _2.long-forgotten _3.manuscript _4.instruction _5.grasp _6.old-fashioned _7.reconstruction _8.craftsman _9.reveal _10.present-day _11.drug-resistant _12.preserve _13.highlight _14.experimentation _15.hands-

14、on _16.handiness _17.marry v_二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. devote oneself to _2. come across _3. consist of _4. remain mysterious _5. take notes _6. be struck mainly by _7. get an understanding of _8. bring insights for _9. wear down _10. in practice with _11. put the manuscripts ideas into practice _12. brin

15、g . to life _13. take shape _14. to better bend light _三 词汇应用 请根据句意理解划线单词的词义：1.revealA survey of the American diet has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight._It was revealed that important evidence had been suppressed. _He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth. _Companies should

16、 be made to reveal more about their financial position. _2.preserveHe was anxious to preserve his reputation. _Is he really 60? Hes remarkably well preserved . _The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. _The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation. _3.highli

17、ghtThe report highlights the major problems facing society today. _Ive highlighted the important passages in yellow. _The match is likely to prove one of the highlights of the tournament. _It should highlight what you have to offer the company, such as a specific skill or experience. _四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：

18、1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.分析：_翻译：_2.But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt

19、 truly grasp any of the skills the author described.分析：_翻译：_3.Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them.分析：_翻译：_4.We cant appreciate these kinds of detai

20、ls without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally dont flash the same length of gre

21、en twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes

22、.That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble

23、 and cost of travels between work and home.“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.For all of Bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke,

24、 a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “Its not going to fix everythi

25、ng, but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities,” he says.In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue

26、 Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.1. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Increased length of green lights.B. Shortened traffic signal cy

27、cle.C. Flexible timing of traffic signals.D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.2. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?A. They work better on broad roads.B. They should be used in other cities.C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.D. They are less helpful in cities seriously jam

28、med.3. What can we learn from Bellevues success?A. It is rewarding to try new things.B. The old methods still work today.C. I pays to put theory into practice.D. The simplest way is the best way.词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第30课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家Paula Smith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古代的手工技能和现

29、代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills the author described. You simply cant get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it, she says.” 让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来了解这些手工作品。” 由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种

30、手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, ” 重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭示他们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The work has also brought insights for museums, Sm

31、ith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. Whats more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down.” 史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强

32、调手工技能的价值，故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. ”史密斯说，如果我们能重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。C选项Cr

33、aftsmanship Makes Better Scientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.re-create v. 改造，改制，重新创造2.long-forgotten 长期被遗忘的3.manuscript n. 手稿；原稿；底稿；手写本4.instruction n. 用法说明5.grasp v. 理解；掌握6.old-fashioned adj. 过时的；守旧的7.reconstruction n. 重建；复原物8.craftsman n. 工匠；手艺人；名匠；技工9.reveal v. 揭示；展

34、示10.present-day adj. 现在的；当今的，现代的11.drug-resistant adj. 耐药的，抗药的12.preserve v. 保持；保护；腌制13.highlight v. 突出，强调；（使）醒目14.experimentation n. 实验，试验15.hands-on adj. 亲自实践的；实际动手操作的16.handiness n. 巧妙，轻便，敏捷17.marry v. 相结合二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1. devote oneself to 致力于，献身于2. come across 偶然发现，偶然遇见3. consist of 由.组成（或构成4

35、. remain mysterious 保持神秘5. take notes 记笔记6. be struck mainly by 主要对.感到震惊7. get an understanding of 了解8. bring insights for 洞悉；领悟；顿悟.9. wear down 磨平；磨光10. in practice with 在实践中11. put the manuscripts ideas into practice 把手稿的想法付诸实践12. bring . to life 使得.复活，重现生机13. take shape 成形，初具规模；形成14. to better be

36、nd light 为了改善曲光（能见度）三 词汇应用 请根据句意理解划线单词的词义：1.revealA survey of the American diet has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.透露; 显示It was revealed that important evidence had been suppressed. 透露He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth. 露出Companies should be made to reveal more abou

37、t their financial position. 披露2.preserveHe was anxious to preserve his reputation. 维护Is he really 60? Hes remarkably well preserved . 保养The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 保护The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation. 保存3.highlightThe report highlight

38、s the major problems facing society today. 强调Ive highlighted the important passages in yellow. 使醒目The match is likely to prove one of the highlights of the tournament. 最精彩的部分It should highlight what you have to offer the company, such as a specific skill or experience. 突出四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断

39、从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.分析：三个现在分词短语：doing research作为时间状语； consisting of用作定语修饰manuscript； covering 用作定语修饰instructions。翻译：在为她的新书做研究时，她偶然发现了一份16世纪的法国手稿，其中包括近1000套说明书，涵盖了从工具制作到寻找最好的沙子的主题。2.分析：同位语从句that she didnt truly grasp any of the skills修饰the fact；定语从句the author described修饰先行词the skills。翻译：但让史密斯震惊的

40、主要事实是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。3.分析：定语从句who lived centuries ago修饰先行词the craftsmen；三个连接词how，what，and what连接了reveal的宾语从句；定语从句that produced them修饰先行词the workshops。动名词短语Reconstructing the work作为谓语动词can reveal的主语。翻译：重建生活在几个世纪前的工匠们的作品，可以揭示他们是如何看待这个世界的，他们的家中充满了什么东西，以及在生产它们的车间里发生了什么。4.分析：双重否定形式cant.without表达肯定含意；

41、状语从句as they originally appeared表示方式；同位语something之后有定语从句Smith believes you can do，时间状语从句when you have a road map。翻译：我们不看到最初出现的艺术品，就不能欣赏这些细节史密斯认为只有有了路线图才能做到。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句这是一篇说明文。美国华盛顿州的Bellevue采用了能随交通状况而调节交通灯时间的适应性信号灯，大大缓解了交通压力，也表明人们对于交通阻塞问题不再只是拓宽道路，而是能够采用新方法。1.

42、指代猜测题。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段内容尤其是第一段最后一句“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C项。2.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中“adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways(但自适应信号

43、并不是解决拥堵道路的万能药)”及第二句中“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference(其他城市交通堵塞如此严重，只有减少道路上的车辆才能起有意义的作用) ”可推知，Kevin Balke认为适应性信号灯对于交通堵塞很严重的城市没有太大帮助。故选D项。3.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significa

44、nt declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.(这些灯，被称为适应性信号灯，已经大大减少了通勤的麻烦和花费)”最后一段第一句“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.(在Bellevue，对适应性信号灯的转变是一个在欢迎新方法的价值方面的榜样)”可推知，从Bellevue的成功中可以得出，尝试新事物是值得的。故选A项。词汇与句型积

45、累：1.additional adj. 附加的，添加的2.push v. 推（进）；督促；激励3.fast-growing 快速增长的4.adaptive adj. 有适应能力的5.decline v. 减少；衰落；下降；衰退6.address v. 解决，处理7.cure-all n. 万灵药8.switch v. 转变；交换，调换9.automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的；10.increased traffic 增加的交通量11.traffic signals 交通信号12.at rush hour 在高峰时间13.a burst of 突然爆发； 一阵14.gaining po

46、pularity 受欢迎15.jammed roadways 堵塞的道路16.make a meaningful difference 产生有意义的影响17.Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference.分析：a research engineer是同位语；says that连接宾语从句；while连接让步状语从句；so jammed that后连接结果状语从句翻译：德州农工大学交通研究所的研究工程师凯文巴尔克说，虽然智能灯对一些城市特别有益，但其他城市却非常拥挤，只有道路上汽车数量的大幅减少才会产生有意义的影响。