71 清明时节解习俗文明祭奠树新风 2022年中考英语时文热点话题题型专练.docx

1、71 清明时节解习俗，文明祭奠树新风2022年中考英语时文热点话题题型专练清明节的传承密码2022-04-03 07:43环球网来源：光明日报【守望家园】作者：苑利（中国艺术研究院研究员、博导）清明节成熟于周，距今已有2500多年的历史了。据古书记载，因这一时节气清景明，故称“清明”。水边赏花是清明节的习俗。李韵摄祭扫烈士陵园，缅怀英烈，已成为当代清明节的习俗。李韵摄山西很多地方还保留着清明节制作花馍的习俗，子推燕是最具代表性的样式。李韵摄清明节前后，南方大部分地区的油菜花盛开，一派人与自然和谐共处的景象。李韵摄清明节有哪些特别之处？相较于其他节日，清明节有两个特别之处：一是中国的二十四个节气

2、中，唯有清明被列入了中国传统节日。这是纯属偶然，还是另有原因，值得我们认真研究。但无论如何，其地位都非同一般。二是中国的传统节日，通常内容都相对单一。如端午的重点是送瘟神，七夕节的重点是祭拜牛女，重阳节的重点就是登高避疫。但与这些传统节日不同，清明节的内容要庞杂得多。细而化之，它主要由以下三方面内容构成：一为禁火：按传统，清明前后是需要禁火的；二是扫墓：按旧俗，清明这天，人们需携带酒食果品、纸钱香烛等物到墓地扫墓并祭奠先人；三是踏青：清明同时也是一个娱乐性较强的传统节日，每逢清明，人们都会携家带口到郊外踏青游玩，孩子们在草地上、树林里蹴鞠、斗鸡子、荡秋千、打毯、拔河、放风筝仅从娱乐角度看，清明

3、节确实是中国传统节日中为数不多的以娱乐为主的传统节日。为什么清明的主题会是如此庞杂呢？笔者以为，这很可能与历史上的三节合一经历有关。与其他节日不同，清明是由三个传统节日融并而成的传统节日。历史上，上巳节、清明节、寒食节这三个节日离得很近。这就犯了一个大忌讳。在汉语中，“节”的本义是“竹节”的意思。竹子要想长高，就必须有节。一个社会的发展也需要有张有弛有板有眼有节奏。而这个节奏的“板眼”就是“节日”。“节日”产生原因有二：一是让人们在紧张一段之后，有意识地放松自己，在节日里养精蓄锐，以迎接下一次挑战；二是人们在劳作一段时间之后，也需要通过节日，特别是节日中的仪式，为自己充电，为整个社会充电。比如

4、，通过从正月初一到十五的种种拜年仪式，来强化自己与家人、亲朋、好友、邻里、同事，以及乡党间的人际关系，对已经出现问题的人际关系，进行重新的“格式化”。这种一年一度的仪式，还可以改善人与自然的关系。如哈尼族春节期间举行的祭神山仪式，目的就是强化人与自然的关系，在保护当地水源地的同时，保护梯田用水，确保农业丰收。按道理，传统节日之间的间隔应该是等距的。如果违反这一规律，将几个节日堆放在一起，就会打破原有的生活节律，使生活变得毫无头绪。为避免类似问题发生，最简单的办法，就是将它们合并。正是因为这个原因，清明节由上巳、清明、寒食这三个传统节日，被合并到了一起。“三节合一”的清明节带来了什么？其一，禁火

5、原本是寒食的习俗，而随着寒食节的融入，清明节便多了一个不许动烟火、只能吃凉食的习俗。另外，纪念介子推的子推燕，也出现在了清明习俗中。其二，随着上巳节的融入，清明节中多了踏青习俗。上巳节起源于古代的春社。在上古，春社是个男女相会的日子。周官地官司徒云：“中春之月，令会男女，于是时也，奔者不禁。”这一习俗到了唐代，便蜕化成为青年男女郊外踏青、水边赏花的习俗。杜甫丽人行所描述的：“三月三日天气新，长安水边多丽人”，描绘的正是这种场景。在水边沐浴很可能与简狄吞卵生商的故事有关。今河南淮阳人祖庙会、西南少数民族地区的三月三，很可能就是远古上巳节、春社习俗在当代的遗存。其三，随着三节合一，清明扫墓祭祖习俗

6、被完好地保留了下来。清明节祭祖扫墓、追念先人功德，在感恩祖先的同时，也找到了扫墓者与祖先之间的情感联系、血亲联系，同时为自己的做人做事，找到了学习的榜样。同时，扫墓活动在客观上也进一步加强了扫墓者之间的情感联系，使整个家族、整个社会变得更加团结。其实，扫墓在秦以前就已出现，但在时间上并不固定。最终定在清明，是秦之后的事。保护一个2500年前产生的节日意义何在？清明节已具有2500年历史，保护这样一个传统节日，到底有哪些意义呢？首先，一年一度的扫墓仪式可以增强中国人的感恩意识。慎终追远，缅怀祖先，是中华民族自古形成的传统美德。这一传统不仅有利于孝道亲情的弘扬，还可唤醒整个家族共同的文化记忆，显然

7、这对于促进家族乃至民族团结，增强整个家族乃至整个民族的凝聚力与向心力，对于构建社会主义和谐社会，具有重要的现实意义。其次，清明节同时也是一个让人们亲近自然的节日。中国有许多节日，但专门用来亲近自然的，清明恐怕是唯一的。春暖花开的日子，人们携亲带友踏青游玩，享受到更多亲情与快乐的同时，也能体会来自大自然那种美好。这些活动无疑会激发起人们对于大自然的热爱，对建设环境友好型社会同样具有重大意义。再次，作为中国四大传统节日之一，清明节不仅是中国人的，而且是越南、韩国、朝鲜、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、新加坡等东南亚各国人民的共同节日。随着近百年来的移民，清明甚至已经成为世界上许多国家和地区华人的共同节日。弘

8、扬这一传统节日，对于推动中华文明的传播，增强各国人民间的友好，同样具有重要的现实意义。光明日报（ 2022年04月03日 08版）一、单项选择1During the three-day holiday of Qingming Festival, the film My Sister has become _ dark horse on the top of the chart (排行榜).AbigBbiggerCthe biggerDthe biggest【答案】D【解析】句意：在清明节的三天假期里，电影我的姐姐成了排行榜上最大的黑马。考查形容词最高级。big，大的，形容词原级，其比较级形式为

9、bigger，最高级形式为biggest，形容词最高级之前要加定冠词the。根据比较的范围“on the top of the chart (排行榜)”可知，空处形容词应用最高级形式。故选D。2 Lisa, have you heard of Along the River During the Qingming Festival? Of course. _ painting is considered as “Chinas Mona Lisa”.AABanCThe【答案】C【解析】句意：Lisa，你听说过清明上河图吗？当然。这幅画被誉为“中国的蒙娜丽莎”。考查冠词辨析。此空特指前文提到的清明

10、上河图，表特指用定冠词the，故选C。3What should (应该) we do on Qingming Festival?I think doing _ special for our ancestors (祖先) is the best choice.AnothingBanythingCeverythingDsomething【答案】D【解析】句意：清明节我们应该做什么？我认为为我们的祖先做些特别的事情是最好的选择。考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么；anything任何事，用于疑问句或否定句中；everything每件事；something某事，用于肯定句中。根据题干“I th

11、ink.special for our ancestors is the best choice”可知，本句是肯定句，且指为祖先做一些特别的事，故用something。故选D。4Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huguo Moutain at Qingming Festival? Yes. Luckily, hundreds of firemen went there and _ the fire immediately.Aput offBput awayCput downDput out【答案】D【解析】句意：你听说过清明节时

12、护国山发生的那场大火吗？是的。幸运的是，数百名消防员去了那里，立即把火扑灭了。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；put away整理；put down放下；put out扑灭。根据“Luckily,”和“the fire”可知，是扑灭大火，故选D。5Tomb-sweeping Day, also known as Qingming Festival, fell _ April 4 _ 2021.Ain; onBon; onCon; inDin; in【答案】C【解析】句意：扫墓节，也被称为清明节，在2021年的4月4日。考查介词辨析。in用于年、月和季节之前；on用于具体的某一天之前，“A

13、pril 4”是具体的某一天，其前介词应用on；“2021”是年，其前介词应用in。故选C。6Qingming Festival became _ important holiday from an originally simple farming day.AaBanCtheD/【答案】B【解析】句意：清明节从最初简单的农业节日变成了一个重要的节假日。考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指；/是零冠词。句中holiday泛指“假日/节日”，important以元音音素开

14、头，需用an修饰，故选B。7About 30 thousand visitors came to Baokang in Qingming holiday.So it is _ us to keep our city clean and tidy.Aharmful forBgood withCconvenient toDnecessary for【答案】D【解析】句意：清明节期间约有三万名游客来到保康。所以我们有必要保持我们的城市干净整洁。考查形容词短语。be harmful for对有害；be good with擅长和相处；it is convenient to.做某事是方便的；it is n

15、ecessary for us to.对我们来说做某事是必要的。清明节期间很多游客到访保康，所以为了保康的城市形象和旅客的旅游体验，保持城市的干净整洁是有必要的。故选D。8The Qingming Festival of 2021 falls _April 4th and thousands of cars poured into highways _ the early morning of the holiday.Aon; inBin; onCon; on【答案】C【解析】句意：2021年的清明节是4月4日，在这个假日的清晨，成千上万辆汽车涌上了高速公路。考查时间介词。in，时间介词，表示

16、一段时间，其后接上午、下午、晚上、季节、月份、年；on，时间介词，用在星期前，或具体的某一天或具体某一天的早中晚；句中的April 4th 4月4日，属于具体的某一天，其前应使用介词on；the early morning of the holiday这个假期的清晨，属于具体某一天的早上，其前应使用介词on。故选C。二、完形填空第1篇Qingming, meaning clear and bright, is the most important festival in spring. It is also called Tomb Sweeping Festival. It comes _1_

17、 early April. On that day, people visit tombs (墓) to honor the dead. They always _2_ some time cleaning the tomb area. They usually plant some trees near the tombs and decorate them with fresh _3_. But it is not _4_ a day for honoring the dead. It is also a good time to celebrate the _5_ of spring.

18、With the coming of spring, nature _6_, dressing the world in green. All is new, clean and fresh. Birds begin to _7_ houses for their babies. In forests and fields, many animals have babies at this time of year. Days begin to get _8_ and the weather gets warmer, _9_ Qingming is also a happy time for

19、people to enjoy the outdoor activities, _10_ flying kites, swinging and hiking. This is why this festival has been very popular for thousands of years.1AonBatCinDby2AspendBpayCcostDtake3AairBfoodCflowersDwater4AsometimesBjustCstillDalways5AgoingBchangingCcomingDsetting6Acomes downBwakes upCrises upD

20、falls off7AputBbuildCclimbDfly8AhigherBshorterCcoolerDlonger9AbutBwhenCsoDif10Asuch asBas ifCfor exampleDlook like【答案】1-5 CACBC6-10BBDCA【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清明节这个节日。【答案解析】【第1题】句意：它是在四月初到来的。on后面接具体的某一天；at后面接具体的某一时刻；in后面接年/月/季节等；by不迟于，根据空后的“early April”可知，应该用介词in，故选C。【第2题】句意：他们总是花一些时间打扫墓区。spend花费，主语是

21、人，花费的是时间或金钱；pay花费，主语是人，花费的是金钱；cost花费，主语是物，花费的是金钱；take花费，主语是it或物，花费的是时间，根据空后的“some time”可知，花费的是时间，排除B和C，主语“They”是人，排除D，故选A。【第3题】句意：用鲜花装饰它们。air空气；food食物；flowers花；water水，根据空前的“decorate them with fresh”可知，应该是鲜花装饰它们，故选C。【第4题】句意：它不仅仅是缅怀先烈的日子。sometimes有时；just仅仅；still仍然；always总是，根据下文的“It is also a good time

22、”可知，此处指的是这不仅仅是缅怀先烈的日子，故选B。【第5题】句意：这也是庆祝春天来临的好时机。going去；changing改变；coming来；setting放，根据空后的“With the coming of spring”可知，应该是庆祝春天的到来，故选C。【第6题】句意：随着春天的到来，大自然开始苏醒。comes down下来；wakes up苏醒；rises up上升；falls off掉落，根据后文的“dressing the world in green. All is new, clean and fresh”可知，大自然开始苏醒，故选B。【第7题】句意：鸟儿开始为它们的宝宝

23、建造房子。put安置；build建造；climb爬；fly飞，根据空后的“houses for their babies”可知，应该是为宝宝建造房子，故选B。【第8题】句意：白天开始变得更长。higher更高；shorter更短的；cooler更凉爽的；longer更长，根据“Days begin to get”并结合实际可知，春天到了，白天开始变得更长，故选D。【第9题】句意：所以清明也是人们享受户外活动的快乐时光。but但是；when当时；so所以；if如果，根据后句“Qingming is also a happy time for people to enjoy the outdoor

24、 activities”是前句“Days begin to get longer and the weather gets warmer”是结果，所以用连词so，故选C。【第10题】句意：例如放风筝，游泳和踏青。such as例如；as if好像；for example例如；look like看起来像，根据空前的“Qingming is also a happy time for people to enjoy the outdoor activities”和空后的“flying kites, swinging and hiking”可知，空缺处是举例子，排除B和D，for example作“

25、例如”讲时，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末，由空后没有逗号可知，应该用such as，排除C，故选A。第2篇Every April, there is a special day in China. It is Qingming Festival, also called Tomb-Sweeping Day. On that day, people _1_ and honor (纪念) their ancestors (祖先). Qingming is a(n) _2_ Chinese festival. It has a long hist

26、ory. It began over 2,000 years ago. A famous poem _3_ the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu describes the day: Rain falls heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by (行人) with lowered spirits go.Tomb-Sweeping Day has been a public _4_ on the Chinese mainland (中国大陆) since 2008. On this day, _5_ bring flowers, fo

27、od and wine to their ancestors tombs (墓). They put food like cakes and fruit in front of the tombs. After that, they _6_ the dirt off the tombs and remember their dead family members.Why do Chinese people do this? Thats because people think that visiting tombs is to _7_ respect (尊重) to their dead fa

28、mily members.However, Tomb Sweeping Day is not only about this. During that time, the weather is becoming _8_. People are able to garden (从事园艺) and _9_ outdoor activities. Families often _10_ for outings (远足) or to fly kites at this time.1AfindBmeetCseeDremember2ApopularBfamousCtraditionalDunhappy3A

29、byBforCwithDas4AweekendBweekdayCjourneyDholiday5AclassesBfamiliesCfriendsDgroups6AturnBkeepCsweepDgo7AbringBshowCmakeDtake8AwarmerBcolderCcoolerDshorter9AenjoyBchooseCdevelopDaccept10Ahave funBwork hardCpull togetherDget together【答案】1-5 DCADB6-10CBAAD【短文分析】本文主要讲述了中国的传统节日清明节的一些传统习俗。【答案解析】【第1题】句意：在那一天

30、，人们想起并纪念他们的祖先。find发现；meet遇到；see看到；remember记得。根据“It is Qingming Festival, also called Tomb-Sweeping Day.”可知，在清明这天人们会想起（记得）祖先。故选D。【第2题】句意：清明节是中国的传统节日。popular流行的；famous著名的；traditional传统的；unhappy不幸的。根据“It has a long history.”可知，是中国的传统节日。故选C。【第3题】句意：唐代诗人杜牧的一首名诗描述了这一天。by由创作的；for为了；with和；as作为。根据“the Tang D

31、ynasty poet Du Mu”可知，由唐代诗人杜牧创作的。故选A。【第4题】句意：自2008年以来，清明节一直是中国大陆的公共假日。weekend周末；weekday工作日；journey旅行；holiday假日。由Tomb-Sweeping Day可知，清明节是中国的公共假日。故选D。【第5题】句意：在那天，家人带着鲜花、食物和酒来到祖先的坟墓前。classes班级；families家人；friends朋友；groups小组。根据“bring flowers, food and wine to their ancestors tombs(墓).”可知，带着鲜花、食物和酒来到祖先的坟墓前

32、的应该是家人。故选B。【第6题】句意：之后，他们清扫坟墓上的泥土，纪念死去的家人。turn转动；keep保持；sweep打扫；go去。根据“the dirt off the tombs”可知，应该是扫除坟墓上的泥土。故选C。【第7题】句意：那是因为人们认为扫墓是对逝去的家人的尊敬。bring带来；show表示；make制作；take带去。根据“ respect (尊重) to their dead family members.”可知，此处是表达对逝去的家人的尊敬。show respect to sb.对表示尊敬。故选B。【第8题】句意：在那期间，天气变得越来越暖和。warmer暖和的；col

33、der冷的；cooler凉爽的；shorter短的。根据常识可知，清明节在春天，天气开始变暖。故选A。【第9题】句意：人们可以在花园里欣赏户外活动。enjoy欣赏，享受；choose选择；develop发展；accept接受。由空后的outdoor activities. 可知，应该是欣享受外活动。故选A。【第10题】句意：在这个时候，家人经常聚在一起郊游或放风筝。have fun玩得高兴；work hard努力工作；pull together合作；get together聚在一起。由Families often可知，家人聚在一起郊游或放风筝。故选D。三、语法选择阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、

34、B、C、D三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。The main activities in the Qingming Festival are tomb sweeping(扫墓), taking a spring outing and flying kites.Tomb sweeping is the most _ tradition in the Qingming Festival. Cleaning the tomb and paying respect to the dead person with offerings _ the two important parts of rememberi

35、ng the past relatives. People often away the grass around the tomb and add fresh soil to show care of the dead. They also take the dead persons favorite food and wine to sacrifice(供奉) to them as _ as paper money. They take the food and burn the paper money to hope the dead wont lack food. Kowtowing(

36、叩头) is also necessary.This tradition of spring outing began in the Tang Dynasty and _ till today. It is a day for remembering the dead and having a good time. During March, trees turn green, flowers blossom(开花), and the sun shines brightly. It is a fine time to _ out and enjoy the beauty not only ad

37、d joy to life but also develop a healthy body and mind.Flying kites is _ activity loved by many people during the Qingming Festival. Kites are flown day and night. Little lanterns are tied to the kite. When the kite _ in the sky, the lanterns _ twinkling(闪烁的) stars. That adds special scenery to the

38、sky during the night. It is said that this brings good _ and illness can be taken away.In a word, the Qingming Festival is special _it connects the tears to the dead with the laughter from the spring outing.1AimportantBimportantlyCmore importantDthe most important2AisBareCwasDwere3AwellBgoodCbetterD

39、best4AlastBlastsClastedDhas lasted5AgoBgoesCto goDgoing6AaBanCtheD/7AfliesBflyCis flyingDhas flown8AfeelBfeel likeClookDlook like9AluckBluckyCluckilyDunlucky10AbecauseBandCsoDbut【答案】1-5 ABABA6-10BCDAA【短文分析】本文介绍了清明节，这个节日很特殊，因为它把人们的眼泪和死去的人联系在一起，把人们的欢声笑语和春游联系在一起。【答案解析】【第1题】句意：扫墓是清明节最重要的传统。important 重要的

40、；importantly 重要地；more important 更重要；the most important 最重要。此空修饰名词tradition，要用形容词，且空格前the most是形容词最高级的构成词，此空应填形容词原级，故选A。【第2题】句意：扫墓和祭拜逝者是缅怀逝者的两个重要环节。is 是，单数；are 是，复数；was 是，过去式；were 是，过去式。and连接并列内容作主语，且句子是一般现在时，be动词用are，故选B。【第3题】句意：他们还拿死者最喜欢的食物和酒以及纸钱给他们供奉。well 好；good 好的；better 更好；best 最好。as well as是一个固

41、定词组，表示“和”，故选A。【第4题】句意：这种春游的传统始于唐代，一直持续到今天。last 持续；lasts 第三人称单数；lasted 过去式和分词；has lasted 现在完成时。陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语“This tradition of spring”是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故选B。【第5题】句意：这是一个很好的时间走出去，享受美丽，不仅给生活增添乐趣，也发展一个健康的身心。go 动词原形；goes 动词三单形式；to go 动词不定式；going 动名词。此空作time的后置定语，空格前有to，此空应填动词原形，故选A。【第6题】句意：在清明节期间，放风筝是一项许

42、多人喜欢的活动。a 一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an 一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the 这个；/ 零冠词。此空表示“一项活动”，表泛指，且activity是以元音音素开头的单词，故选B。【第7题】句意：当风筝在天上飞时，灯笼看起来就像是闪烁的星星。flies 飞，动词第三人称单数；fly 动词原形；is flying 现在进行时；has flown 现在完成时。此处是when引导的时间状语从句和进行时态的结合，根据语境，风筝在天上飞是可以一直延续的，故用现在进行时态。故选C。【第8题】句意：当风筝在天上飞时，灯笼看起来就像是闪烁的星星。feel 感觉；feel like 想要；l

43、ook 看起来；look like 看起来像。根据“lanternstwinkling(闪烁的) stars”可知，灯笼看起来像闪烁的星星，故选D。【第9题】句意：据说这能带来好运，疾病也能被带走。luck 幸运，名词；lucky 幸运的，形容词；luckily 幸运地，副词；unlucky 不幸的，形容词。形容词good后接名词作宾语，故选A。【第10题】句意：简而言之，清明节之所以特别，是因为它把人们的眼泪和死去的人联系在一起，把人们的欢声笑语和春游联系在一起。because 因为；though 尽管；so 所以；but 但是。空格后是解释“清明节是特别”的原因，用because引导原因状

44、语从句，故选A。四、阅读单选第1篇The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-sweeping(扫墓) Day, which falls on April 46 each year, is one of the Chinese Twenty-four Solar Terms(节气). From that date, temperatures begin to rise and rainfall becomes more. It is an important time for farmers to plant seeds(播种) in the field

45、s. So the festival has a close relationship with farm work. However, it is not only a seasonal symbol, but also a day of remembering the dead. A lot of families would visit the tombstone to sweep the tombstones, and burn spirit money to remember the dead. Qingming Festival is also a time for people

46、to do some other activities.Spring outing Qingming is the best time for Taqing, or a spring outing. People always go out and enjoy the early flowers before summer. It is a fine time to enjoy the beauty of nature during the festival.SwingingSwings are very popular among children and are usually found

47、 on playgrounds. As a popular custom on Tomb Sweeping Day, swinging not only stops the coldness from eating cold food, but also develops a childs bravery.Kite FlyingFlying kites is also an important custom enjoyed by many people, young and old, during the Qingming Festival. In the past, people cut t

48、he string(线) to let the kite fly freely. This custom is believed to bring good luck and get rid of illness.1People always go out and enjoy the early flowers before .AspringBsummerCautumnDwinter2Which of the following is TRUE in the passage?AThe Qingming Festival has no relationship with farm work.BO

49、nly young people fly kites during the Qingming Festival.CThe temperatures begin to rise and rainfall becomes less from the Qingming Festival.DMany families would burn spirit money to remember the dead on Tomb-Sweepig Day.3What does the passage mainly talk about?AWhen the Oingming Festival is.BThe cu

50、stoms about the Qingming Festival.CQingming Festival is a time for people to go outside.DWhere the Qingming Festival comes from.【答案】1-3BDB【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了清明节不仅是一个具有季节象征性的节日，也是人们祭祀死者的节日；文中还介绍了人们在清明节期间常做的一些活动。【答案解析】【第1题】细节理解题。根据“People always go out and enjoy the early flowers before summer”可知，人们总是在

51、夏天前外出赏花。故选B。【第2题】细节理解题。根据“A lot of families would visit the tombstone to sweep the tombstones, and burn spirit money to remember the dead”可知，清明节这天，很多家庭会去墓碑上清扫墓碑，烧纸钱来纪念死者。故选D。【第3题】主旨大意题。根据“However, it is not only a seasonal symbol, but also a day of remembering the dead”以及“Qingming Festival is also a

52、 time for people to do some other activities”可知，文章主要介绍清明节的风俗习惯，故选B。第2篇A well-known poem by Tang dynasty poet Du Mu tells of a sad scene in early April: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.”This scene takes place on Tomb Sweeping Day, also known as Qingming F

53、estival. Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It began in the Zhou dynasty, over 2500 years ago. Chinese people celebrate it to remember and honor their ancestors. This year, it falls on April 4. Tomb Sweeping Day became a public holiday in the Chinese mainland in 2008. People have o

54、ne day off for that day.On this day, families bring flowers, food and wine to the grave sites(墓地)of their ancestors. They place cakes, fruits in front of the graves and some may burn joss paper, as money for the dead. After that, they sweep the tombs and cherish(怀念)the memories of their dead family

55、members.Tomb Sweeping Day gives us a chance to show respect to our ancestors and family members who have passed away and show that we miss them. This tradition shows that family values are an important part of Chinese culture.Tomb Sweeping Day is also the beginning of the time for gardening and outd

56、oor activities in China. Families often get together for outings or fly kites at this time.1The Chinese meaning of the underlined word “passers-by” is _.A行人B陌生人C故人D古代人2Tomb Sweeping Day is celebrated for people to _.Ago out to fly kitesBhave a public holidayCget together with their familiesDremember

57、 and honor their ancestors3What does the passage mainly discuss?APeople bring many things to the grave sites.BDu Mu wrote a poem about Qingming.CTomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival.DQingming Festival is a good time for outdoor activities.【答案】1-3ADC【短文分析】这是一篇说明文，告诉我们关于清明节这个中国传统节日的由来，以

58、及这一天人们做什么。【答案解析】【第1题】词义猜测题。杜牧的诗句“Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.”原文是“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂”，pass是动词，意为“经过 ”，从构词法来看passers-by是“路过的人”，结合诗句意思推断出是“行人”，故选A。【第2题】细节理解题。根据第二段“Chinese people celebrate it to remember and honor their ancestors.”可知中国人用清明节来纪念自己的祖先，故选D。【第3

59、题】主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了清明节这个中国传统节日的由来，以及人们在这一天做什么。A项、B项和D项都只是提及文章的部分内容，排除，故选C。第3篇The Qingming Festival, which usually falls between April 4 and 6 each year, on the 108th day after the Winter Solstice, is one of the 24 seasonal division points in the traditional Chinese calendar.Qingming, strictly meaning

60、“pure and bright”, shows rising temperatures and increased rainfall at the start of spring. It always rains around Qingming, providing a typical scene for the festival. Some 1,200 years ago, a Chinese poem written by the great Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu illustrated a scene of Qingming:A drizzling rain

61、falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourners heart is going to break on his way. Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours? A cowherd points to a cots mid apricot flowers.The Qingming Festival in spring is the occasion for visiting ancestral graves. Qing Ming is popularly associated

62、 with Jie Zitui, who lived in Shanxi province in 600 BCTo mark Jie, the lord Chong Er ordered all fires in every home to be put out on the anniversary of Jies death. Thus began the “cold food feast”, a day when no food could be cooked since no fire could be lit. The “cold food” festival falls on the

63、 eve of Qing Ming and is often considered as part of the QingMing festival. As time passed, the Qing Ming festival replaced the “cold food” festival. Whatever practice is observed, the basic observation of Qing Ming is to remember ones elders by making a special effort to visit their graves, ashes o

64、r ancestral tablets.One of the most important activities on this day is to tend graves to honor ancestors, dead relatives and friends. On Tomb Sweeping Day, thousands of Chinese families will head to cemeteries to clean and sweep the tombs of dead family members.People in different places enjoy diff

65、erent food. For example, Qingtuan, or green rice balls, are widely popular in Chinas Jiangnan area-the region south of the Yangtze River-on Tomb Sweeping Day. The seasonal delicacies are usually made from glutinous rice mixed with pounded mugwortan edible wild herb thought to prevent toxic insect bi

66、tes.1The poem “A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day, The mourners heart is going to break on his way.” refers to _.A望君烟水阔，挥手泪沾巾。B清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。C无为在歧路，儿女共沾巾。D落花时节近清明，东风料峭雨难晴。2Qing Ming is popularly associated with _.AJie ZituiBDu MuCChong ErDQu Yuan3In Chinas Jiangnan area, Qingtua

67、n is usually made from glutinous rice mixed with pounded mugwort _.Ajust for funBto prevent toxic insect bitesCwith good wishesDto remember ones elders4According to the passage _.AQing Ming is an important time to harvestBpeople in the north of China enjoy Qingtuan on Tomb Sweeping DayCone of the mo

68、st important activities on Qingming is to tend gravesDJie Zitui wrote a poem to illustrate a scene of Qingming 1,200 years ago【答案】1-4BABC【短文分析】本文介绍了中国的清明节，包括节日的主要活动、有关节日的诗作以及传统活动等。【答案解析】【第1题】词句猜测题。分析“A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day, The mourners heart is going to break on his w

69、ay.”可知，哀悼日的细雨如泪，送葬者的心在路上要碎了，本句表达的诗句是“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂”，故选B。【第2题】细节理解题。根据“Qing Ming is popularly associated with Jie Zitui”可知，清明通常与介子推联系在一起，故选A。【第3题】细节理解题。根据“The seasonal delicacies are usually made from glutinous rice mixed with pounded mugwortan edible wild herb thought to prevent toxic insect bites

70、.”可知，这种时令美食通常由糯米和捣碎的艾蒿制成，艾蒿是一种可食用的野生草本植物，被认为可以防止有毒的昆虫叮咬。故选B。【第4题】推理判断题。根据“One of the most important activities on this day is to tend graves to honor ancestors, dead relatives and friends.”可知，这一天最重要的活动之一就是扫墓，祭奠祖先、死去的亲戚和朋友。故选C。第4篇Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) is a traditional Chinese festival

71、 for families to pay respect（尊敬） to their ancestors. People visit their ancestors grave sites and offer food, drinks and flowers. The festival falls on April the fourth this year. There are some Chinese poems that offer clues to Chinese history and culture through ancient expressions. Here we look a

72、t one of the classic poems in the history of Chinese literature:In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain. The poet is traveling far away from home on these rainy days. The rain and lonely walks lead to the separation of the soul and body, which adds a sad mood to this poem.

73、The writer, Du Mu describes a rainy scene in a village in the first two lines. Then in the last two lines, the poet wants to find a place to take a rest, drink some wine（酒） and get rid of the sad mood. Where can I find a good tavern? In the last line, a cowherd points to a direction, which vividly d

74、epicts（生动描绘） two people looking far ahead on the rainy day.Mourning DayDrizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day,The mourners heart is going to break on his way.Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours?A cowherd points to a cot amid apricot flowers.(Translated by Xu Yuanchong,

75、Chinese translator)In this poem, Du Mu presents a village with apricot flowers around as the direction of the tavern. He doesnt describe its details on a rainy day but leaves it to the readers imagination.Qingming is not only a sad festival, but can also be a happy time for people to enjoy the sprin

76、g and get closer to nature in an outing. Trees are green and flowers are blooming, so its a good time to be outside.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1The Chinese title of this poem is _.A清明B咏柳C春望D秋思2The weather on Qingming Festival is always _.AsnowyBwindyCcoldDrainy3The writer wants to find a place to _.Amake friends

77、Beat some foodCdrink some wineDbuy a raincoat4A cowherd may means _.Aa boy sits on the cowBa place where the cow livesCa person who herds the cowDa place where the cow eats grass5We can _ on Qingming Festival according to the writer.Aoffer food, drinks and flowers to old peopleBpay respect to our an

78、cestors and enjoy the springCfeel sad all day and drink some wine with familyDfind a beautiful place with a lot of flowers around【答案】1-5ADCCB【短文分析】文章介绍了有关清明节的起源和中国文化以及有关清明节的古诗等。【答案解析】【第1篇】推理判断题。根据“In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain.Du Mu describes a rainy scene in a v

79、illage in the first two lines.”可知，这首诗是描述清明的景象，中文名是清明，故选A。【第2篇】推理判断题。根据“In China, around the time of Qingming Festival, there is more rain.”可知，清明节的天气雨水很多，故选D。【第3篇】细节理解题。根据“Then in the last two lines, the poet wants to find a place to take a rest, drink some wine”可知，作者想要找个地方喝点酒，故选C。【第4篇】词义猜测题。根据“In th

80、e last line, a cowherd points to a direction, which vividly depicts（生动描绘） two people looking far ahead on the rainy day.”以及图片提示可知，cowherd指的是放牛的人，故选C。【第5篇】细节理解题。根据“Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) is a traditional Chinese festival for families to pay respect（尊敬） to their ancestors.”以及“Qingming i

81、s not only a sad festival, but can also be a happy time for people to enjoy the spring and get closer to nature in an outing.”可知，清明不仅是一个悲伤的节日，也可以是一个快乐的时间，让人们享受春天，亲近大自然的郊游。故选B。五、阅读回答问题阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。In April, there is a special day when people remember their ancestors (祖先).

82、It is Qingming Festival. This year, the day is on April 4th.Qingming Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. On this day, families bring flowers, food and wine (酒) to the tombs (坟墓) of their ancestors. They first sweep dust off the tombs. After that, they put cakes and fruits in front of the tom

83、bs and remember their dead (去世的) family members.Why do Chinese people do this? Because people want to show respect (尊重) to their dead family members.Qing Ming Festival is also a good time to start gardening and doing outdoor activities in China. Families often get together for outings or to fly kite

84、s at this time.1Is Qing Ming Festival a traditional American festival?_2When is Qing Ming Festival this year?_3What do families bring to the tombs of their ancestors on this day?_4Why do Chinese people have Qingming Festival?_5Who often get together for outings on this day?_【答案】1No, it isnt.2Its on

85、April 4th./On April 4th.3They bring flowers, food and wine.4Because they want show respect to their dead family members.5Families.【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是人们在清明节的一些习俗与清明节的意义。【答案解析】【第1题】根据文中第二段“Qingming Festival is a traditional Chinese festival.”可知清明节是一个中国传统节日。故填No, it isnt.【第2题】根据文章第一段“This year, the d

86、ay is on April 4th.”可知今年的清明节在4月4号。故填Its on April 4th./On April 4th.【第3题】根据文章第二段“On this day, families bring flowers, food and wine to the tombs of their ancestors.”可知他们会带花，食物和酒去祖先的坟前。故填They bring flowers, food and wine.【第4题】根据文中“Why do Chinese people do this? Because people want to show respect to t

87、heir dead family members.”可知他们做这些事是为了向死去的亲人表示尊敬。故填Because they want show respect to their dead family members.【第5题】根据文中“Families often get together for outings or to fly kites at this time.”可知家人之间在清明节时经常聚在一起外出或游乐。故填Families.六、短文选词填空returnreasonsactharmfulbyEvery year, forest fires happen at times in

88、 different places. Local firefighters have to _1_ quickly and put out the fires. The fires are so _2_ that lots of trees and houses may be burned. They even cause the deaths of firefighters. Most of the firefighters are even young. Their deaths touch our hearts all over China. Forest fires are commo

89、n in spring. People believe there are many _3_ for forest fires. Warm and dry weather, thick grass and trees and hot winds can easily make fires happen. As far as we know, 90% of forest fires are caused _4_ humans. During the holidays of Qingming, millions of people _5_ to their hometowns to honor a

90、ncestors. The risks of fires in mountains are higher. So experts remind people to be more careful.【答案】1act2harmful3reasons4by5return【短文分析】文章介绍了火灾的危害以及发生火灾的原因。【答案解析】【第1题】句意：当地消防队员必须迅速行动，把火扑灭。根据“quickly and put out the fires”及备选词汇可知，此处是act“行动”，是动词，have to后接动词原形，故填act。【第2题】句意：火灾危害极大，许多树木和房屋可能被烧毁。根据“lot

91、s of trees and houses may be burned. They even cause the deaths of firefighters”及备选词汇可知，此处是harmful“有害的”，是形容词作表语，故填harmful。【第3题】句意：人们认为森林火灾有很多原因。根据“Warm and dry weather, thick grass and trees and hot winds can easily make fires happen.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指火灾的原因，reason“原因”，空格前有many修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填reasons。【第4题】句

92、意：据我们所知，90%的森林火灾是由人类引起的。根据“90% of forest fires are caused.humans.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指“被，由”，应用介词by，故填by。【第5题】句意：清明节期间，数百万人回到家乡祭祖。根据“to their hometowns to honor ancestors”及备选词汇可知，此处是指“返回”，return“返回”，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填return。七、填写适当的单词补全对话A: Hi, Lisa. Do you know the Tomb Sweeping Day?B: Not at all. I

93、s it also a Chinese _1_ festival like the Spring Festival?A: Yes. Its time for people to _2_ their ancestors. It is also _3_ as Qingming Festival. This year, the holiday _4_ on April 4.B: What do you usually do on that day?A: Families always bring flowers, food and wine to the tombs (墓) of their anc

94、estors. They _5_ sweep dust off the tombs. After that, they put food and fruits in front of the tombs and sometimes tell stories about their _6_ family members.B: Why do Chinese people do like this?A: Its believed that visiting tombs during Qingming Festival is a good way to show _7_ to the dead and

95、 talk with their ancestors.B: Oh, I _8_. Its so meaningful.A: _9_, around this time the weather is warming up. Tomb Sweeping Day is also good time for family to go out for some _10_ activities, such as taking a walk or flying kites.B: It seems a sad festival but you make it quite different. Thank yo

96、u for telling me.【答案】1traditional2remember3known4falls5first6dead7repect8see9Moreover10outdoor【对话解析】本文是A和B的对话，主要讲中国传统节日清明节的意义及人们在这一天做的事情。【答案解析】【第1题】根据后文“like the Spring Festival?”可知此处指清明节像春节一样是中国传统节日，故填traditional。【第2题】根据常识可知清明节是祭祖的，故填remember。【第3题】“Tomb Sweeping Day”也叫清明节，be known as表示“作为而出名”，故填kno

97、wn。【第4题】根据后文“on April 4.”可知此处是指清明节落在哪一天，主语是单数，谓语动词用三单形式，故填falls。【第5题】根据后文“After that, ”可知前文是指一开始，先清扫墓碑上的灰尘。故填first。【第6题】根据后文“family members”及常识可知清明节人们怀念逝去的人，故是讲逝去的人的故事，故填dead。【第7题】清明节是向逝去的人表示尊重的一个好方法，此处是短语show reespect to表示“向表示尊重”，故填respect。【第8题】根据文中“Oh.Its so meaningful.”可知此处是指经过A的解说，B明白了。故填see。【第9

98、题】根据后文“Tomb Sweeping Day is also good time for family to go out for some.”可知此处是讲清明节另一个目的，即是更进一步说明清明节的意义，故填Moreover。【第10题】根据后文“such as taking a walk or flying kites.”可知提到的两个活动都是户外活动，故填outdoor。八、书面表达75清明节(Qingming Festival)是中国的传统节日之一，习俗甚多。请你根据图片信息介绍清明节并描述今年祭祖方式的变化，并就这些改变简单阐述你的观点(至少两点)。参考词汇：worship/hon

99、or ancestor (祭祖)graveyard (墓地)要求：1. 词数100 左右；2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名字；3. 文章应包括以上图片的所有信息，语言通顺，意思连贯；书写规范。_【满分优秀范文】Asamostimportantdayofsacrifice, QingmingFestivalisadayofsadnessand happiness. QingmingFestival is a festival when people worship ancestors. OneachQingmingFestival,all graveyardsarecrowdedwit

100、hpeoplewhocome todotomb-sweepingandoffersacrificesin memoryoftheirancestors. In contrasttothesadnessofthetomb sweeps,peoplealsoenjoythe hopeofSpring onthisday.Itisatimewhenpeoplegoon familyoutings, plantingtrees, singingand playingontheswing. Anotherpopularthing todoistoflykitesintheshapesofanimals

101、ofcharactersfromChineseopera. Butthis year,thewayofancestorworshiphas changed. Networkancestorworshipis welcomedbypeople.Itsaves resourcesandprotectstheenvironment.It alsoinheritscivilization.Atthesametime,it hasstrongapplicabilityandconvenience.【解析】1.题干解读：题目要求根据提示词语和图片，写出清明节人们要做的一些事情以及今年清明节的改变，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。2.写作指导：写作时要结合图片描述的内容，用第三人称来写作，时态以一般现在时为主，描写这个节日的常态现象，要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。