it的指代功能点拨（讲义）.docx

1、高中英语it的指代功能点拨1. 通过学习本课，能够掌握it作为代词的基本指代作用。2. 通过学习本课，能够区分it与其他相关代词的用法之不同。重点：it作为人称代词和非人称代词的基本用法。难点：能够熟练区分one、it、that以及which之间的不同。it的用法是常考的热点与重点。考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错中，在书面表达中，正确地运用含有it用法的重要句式，也能够为文章增加亮点和文采。it用作人称代词人称代词it是有实义的，是单数第三人称代词。主格与宾格相同。1. 指代人以外的一切生物或事物，如前文提到的事物或未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；2. 替代前文中的this, that；3.

2、 指代婴儿、小孩或性别不明的人。Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it? 宁波是座美丽的城市，是不是？It doesnt matter. 没关系。This is your plan? Will you hand it in? 这是你的计划？你要交上去吗？The baby is crying. It might be hungry. 婴儿在哭，或许是饿了。Someone is ringing the doorbell. Who might it be? 有人按门铃，可能是谁呢？It must be my friend Tom. He (不可用It) wants t

3、o see you. 一定是我的朋友汤姆，他想要见你。I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy _.A. oneB. itC. this D. that答案：B 思路分析：句意：我喜欢这座前面有漂亮花园的房子，但是我没有足够多的钱来买它。it指代上文所提到的房子。it作非人称代词it用作无人称的主语，不指物，而表示时间、天气、气候、季节、距离等自然现象，或指事物的状态。What a long way it is from Beijing to London! （

4、it指距离）从北京到伦敦是多么长的一段距离啊！ It was nearly midnight when she came back. （it指时间）她回来时快半夜了。It was very quiet in the caf. （it指环境）咖啡馆里静悄悄的。Its early spring, but its already very hot. （前面的it指季节，后面的it指气温）刚到初春，但是已经很热了。If it hadnt been for the snow, we could have climbed over the mountain. （it指情况）要不是因为下雪，我们可能已经翻越

5、了那座山。 was one oclock when I got home yesterday.A. It B. That C. This D. When答案：A思路分析：句意为：我昨天到家的时间是一点钟。此处选择it，指代时间。it与one、that和which的区别1. it指上文出现过的同一事物，而one则泛指与前面事物同属一类中的一个。2. that作代词替代前面提到的事物, 可数名词、不可数名词皆可。代替可数名词时可以用the one替换。that的复数形式为those,只可替代可数名词复数,在句中相当于the ones。3. that在并列分句中,可以替代前面某一个名词或整个句子内容

6、,可用it替换。4. it和which都可以用来指某一件事，关键要看中间是否有并列连词，如果有就用it，反之则用which。This was the last dictionary in that bookstore. So I took it.（it特指前面提到的那本词典）这是那家书店最后一本词典，所以我买下了它。There are many dictionaries in that bookstore. So I bought one. （one泛指其中之一）那家书店有许多词典，所以我买了一本。The head teacher in your class is younger and mo

7、re active than that in theirs.你们的班主任比他们的班主任年轻而且更活跃。The students who do best in the exam are not always those with the best brains.考试考得最好的学生并不总是那些最聪明的学生。She heard a terrible noise, and that brought her heart into her mouth.她听见一个可怕的声音，让她的心跳到了嗓子眼。He was badly ill, and it made his mother worried. 他病了，那使

8、他母亲很担心。（it指代“他病了”这件事，注意and。）He was badly ill, which made his mother worried.（which代表前面整个主句，在定语从句中作主语）Do you have enough glasses for each guest to have _?A. it B. them C. that D. one答案：D思路分析：one泛指同类物品之一。句意：你有足够的玻璃杯给每位客人一个吗？1. Have you heard the latest news about Tom?No, what _?A. was itB. were they C

9、. are they D. is it2. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.A. it B. that C. which D. he3. There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow_?No. Id rather buy _ in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; oneC. one; it D. it; it4. The Parkers bought a new

10、house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which5. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet.A. one B. ones C. it D. them答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A思路分析：1. 句意为：你听说关于汤姆的最新消息了吗？没有，那消息是什么？ it指代上文的the news。2. 句意为：爱丽丝收到了来自她老板的邀请，这对她来说是一件值得惊讶的事。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整句话。3. 句意为：图书馆里还有一本那个书，你想要去把它借出来吗？不，我想要去书店买一本。it指代前面提到的图书馆的那本书；one指具备此特点的东西之一，是泛指。4. 句意为：帕克斯夫妇买了一所新房子，但是在他们搬进那所房子之前还有大量的工作要做。it指代前文中的“the house that the Parkers bought”本身。5. 我们一直在看房子，但是目前还没有找到一所我们喜欢的房子呢。 one泛指“房子”之一。