Unit 1 building up your vocabulary 词汇讲练 【新教材】人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册.docx

1、Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Building up your vocabulary 词汇讲练1.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。give way to 让步;屈服 give _ 放弃;认输 give _ 分发;赠送;泄露 give _

2、 (to)屈服;投降;让步;上交(hand in) give _ 归还;恢复 give _分发(hand out); 发出(光/热/信号等); 耗尽,筋疲力尽 give _ 发出(气味/光/热等) 1) At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to _ without even trying. 2) The children were requested to _ their examination paper at once. 3) Last weekend, we went to a near

3、by neighborhood and _ a lot of money to the people there. 4) The bad banana are _ a bad smell, so youd better throw them away. preserve vt. 保存;保护;维持 n. 保护区 preservation n. preservefrom 保护免受 = protect from 5) The nature preserve was set up _ endangered species _ dying out. 2. Finding and keeping the

4、right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展和文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。 balance n. C天平 U 平衡 v. 权衡；使平衡 _ adj. 平衡的;均衡的 keep/lose (ones) balance保持/失去平衡 balance A against B权衡/比较A和B keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食 6) While _ (learn) to ride a bicycle, you

5、 must learn _. Once you _, you will fall down. 学骑自行车时必需要保持平衡。一旦失去平衡你就会摔倒。 7) You have to _ the advantages of living in a big city _ the disadvantages. 8) _ (live) a healthy life, we must learn to _. 3. But the proposal led to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and d

6、estroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypts cultural heritage. 但这个提议引发了抗议。大坝的水可能会破坏一些寺庙，并摧毁埃及文化遗产中的部分重要文物。proposal n. 提议;建议 _ vt. 提议;建议 make/come up with a proposal (that should do) 提出建议 propose doing/ to do 建议做某事 propose that(should) do /It is proposed that (should) do 建议9) People

7、proposed _ (set) up a nature preserve to protect Tibetan Antelope (藏羚羊). = People _ a nature preserve _ to protect . = It _ a nature preserve _ to protect .lead to 导致;通向 lead/live a(n) life过着的生活 lead sb. to/into 带某人到/进入 lead sb. to do使某人做某事10)The discovery of new evidence _ the thief _ (catch).11) I

8、 want to know _ (是什么让你开始从事演艺事业) acting as a career. 12) All roads _ Rome and I want to find the nearest one _ it. 条条大路通罗马,我想找到最近的那条。 13) He _ the people _ the garden, showing them that he was _(过着快乐的生活). likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地 _ adj. 不可能的 sb./sth be (very/more) likely to do sth. = It is (very/more

9、) likely that sb./sth will do sth. (很/更)可能 14)Tom _ miss the early bus because he got up late. = _ Tom would miss the early bus because he got up late. 15) _ my parents will allow me to go to the cinema. = My parents _ allow me to go to the cinema. = It is possible/ probable that my parents will all

10、ow me to go to the cinema. = It is possible for my parents to allow me to go to the cinema. 4. A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. (人们)建立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的丢失。 limit n.限度;限制 vt. 限制;限定 _ adj.有限的 limitation n. 限度;局限. limit

11、 sb./sth. to 把某人/事物限制在范围内 be limited to 局限于 there is a/no limit to 对是有/无限的 set a limit to 限制 within the limits of 在的限定范围内 16) Ive been asked to _ my speech _ ten minutes maximum. 17) Violent crime _ (不局限于) big cities. 18) _ ones life but _ the people. 人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。prevent sb. (from) doing sth

12、.=stop sb. (from) doing sth.=keep sb. from doing sh.阻止某人做某事(被动from都不省) 19) _ he has _, no one can _ him _ carrying out the plan. 一旦他下定决心，没有人能阻止他执行这个计划。= ., no one can _ his plan _out. 20) They were _ (被阻止进入) the burning building. It was so dangerous. 21) Im so sorry to keep you waiting for me. 很抱歉_。

13、loss n. 损失;丧失 lose (lost-lost-losing) v.失去;丢失;输掉;迷路;专注于 lost adj.失去的;丧失的;迷惑的be lost in 全神贯注于;沉浸于 suffer great loss 遭受重大损失 make up for the loss 弥补损失be at a loss 不知所措;感到迷惑 a sense of loss失落感 memory loss=loss of memory失忆 22) People _ in the big fire. 23) _(陷入沉思), he didnt know his classmates had left t

14、he classroom. 24) The beauty of the lake will leave you at a lost for words. = The beauty of the lake is beyond description. 25) Faced with/Facing such a complex situation, I was at a lost what to do next. 面对如此复杂的情形,_. 5. The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds

15、within the international community. 该组织要求不同部分捐款，并在国际社会筹集资金。 contribute vi.&vt. 捐献;捐助;投稿 _ n. 捐款;贡献;捐赠 contributor n.做出贡献者;捐助者;投稿者contribute to有助于;导致;为做贡献 contribute to 为做贡献/捐献/投稿make a (great) contribution/contributions to 对做出(重大)贡献 26) A _ diet is a major factor _ your body. 均衡饮食有助于增强体质。 27) He _ (

16、做出了积极贡献)the success of the project. 28) Mr. Smith _ huge amounts of money _ the _ (被地震袭击的) town.29) He _ articles _ the newspaper on a regular basis/ regularly.6. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem and citizens who lived near the the dam, the government turned to the Unite

17、d Nations for help in 1959. 在听取了研究这个问题的科学家和住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，1959年政府求助于联合国。turn to 向求助;致力于;翻到(书的某页);转向 turn to sb. for help/advice = ask sb. for help/advice向求助/征求意见 turn _打开(水/电/气等) turn _关上 turn _关小;拒绝 turn _开大;出现 turn _结果是;证明是;生产出 turn _使变成/成为 turn away把转过去/打发走 turn in上交 in turn依次;轮流;反过来 take turns 轮流

18、;依次 30) The meeting has already begun, but the chairman hasnt _ yet. 31) It that the job was much harder than we had thought. 32) Tom _ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was very busy.7. A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile?worthwhile adj.

19、 值得做的;值得花时间或精力的 worth adj. 值得的;值的 worthy adj. 值得的 It is worthwhile doing/to do 值得做 be (well) worth + N./doing 值得 be worthy of +N/being done 值得be worthy to do 值得做 33) _ Im concerned, it is worthwhile _ (visit) the West Lake = _ my opinion, the West Lake is well worth _. = _ my point of view, the West

20、 Lake is worthy _. 34) She has devoted all her life to the medical cause (事业), so she is worthy _ (receive) such honor. 8. promote 促进;提升;促销;晋级 vt. _ n. 提升;晋级;促进promote sb. (from) to 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 win/get promotion 获得晋级;得到提升 35) They discuss _(如何促进两国间的合作) between the two countries. 36) Advertising

21、companies are always having to _(想出新方法来促销产品). 37) He got _ in the company. Recently he _ general manager. 9. application n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序) _ vt. 应用;运用vi. 申请;请求 _ n. 申请人 apply (to) for(向)申请 apply oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 applyto 把应用到/涂/敷到上38) _(我将不胜感激) you could take my _ into consideratio

22、n.39) Over the next few months, he _ (致力于提高) his spoken English. 40) You have much experience in voluntary work so that I find it a good idea for you _the position. 41) We should _ what weve learned _ our daily life. 10.take (an active) part (in) (积极)参加(某事/某活动) play a part/role in 在中起作用/扮演角色 42)They

23、 all dressed up _ the New Years Party. 他们都盛装打扮去参加新年晚会。 43) _ the activity was, he didnt want _.无论活动多么有吸引力，他都不想参加。 44) We students should _ (积极参加)social activities during summer vocation. 45) As China _(扮演更重要的角色) global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to learn Ch

24、inese. 辨析: take part in 参加会议或群众性活动, 着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用 join 参加某个党派/团体/组织等, 成为其中的一员; 和某人一起做某事 join sb. in (doing) sth. join in 多指参加小规模的活动, 如: 球赛/游戏等, 常用于日常口语中attend 是正式用语, 指参加会议/婚礼/葬礼/典礼/去上课/上学/听报告等。句子的主语是去听/去看,自己不一定起积极作用 46) Many friends came to _ my birthday party yesterday. Some of them began

25、 to sing Happy Birthday to me, and soon others _ them. We all enjoyed ourselves. Because we had to get up early to _ school the next morning, we had to end the party at nine. 11. donate vt. (尤指向慈善机构)捐赠;赠送;献(血) _ n. 捐献/赠/款/赠物 donator n. 捐赠者 donate to 向捐赠 make a donation to 向捐赠 47) The old man _ much

26、money _ the school, which enabled the students to return to their classroom.12. attempt n.&vt. 企图;试图;尝试(make an) attempt to do sth.企图/尝试做某事 at ones/the first attempt 第一次尝试 48) The prisoner _(试图越狱), but failed. 49) Much _ her joy, she passed the test for driving license _(第一次尝试). 13.make sure (that/o

27、f )确保/信;查明,弄清楚 be sure of/about/that对有把握;确信 be sure to do sth.一定做某事50) As long as you work hard, you _. 只要努力你就一定会成功。51) Please _ you have turned off all the lights before you leave the room. 52) Youd better _ the exact time of the arriving time so that I can go to meet you at the airport. 53) Ive ma

28、de full preparations for the coming English speaking contest, so I _ my success.句式：14. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new. 新旧更替的时代已经到来. there 表方位，位于句首，其后句子用倒装；when引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “a time”. There引起的全部倒装句：表地点的副词there，here位于句首时，其后用完全倒装结构，即：“There/Here +谓语+主语”。这类倒装句的谓语动词通常是系动词be和co

29、me，go等表示移动的不及物动词或stand, lie, live, appear, seem, exist, remain, follow, happen, arise等表示状态的动词。、 特别提醒：here，there引起的完全倒装句，谓语动词是come,go时，常用 一般现在时表正在进行的动作。 up, down, in, out, away, off等表方位的副词和表地点的介词短语置于句首以示强调时，需用完全倒装句，即“谓语+主语”；若主语是代词，则不用倒装。如：Here you are. Out they rushed./Out rushed John.54). 河边传来了求救声。_

30、 for help from the river.55). 房间的角落里坐着一个小女孩。_56). 鸟儿都飞走了。_57). 突然John/他跑了. _15). Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had (also) learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以

31、牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，还明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。not only.but also.当连接句子时，not only后的句子用部分倒装，but also后的句子不到装。not only.but also.连接两个并列成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，在意义上强调后者。not only.but also.当连接两主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。58)他不仅在学校教书，还写小说。_59)Not only I but also Tom and Mary _(喜欢看这部电影).60). 他们不但说相同的语言，还分享许多社会习俗。 _综合练习：一、完形填空：A group

32、of homeless children in the Indian capitalNew Delhi publish a newspaper.It tells about their own _1_.It is called Balaknama,which means “childrens voice”.It is written and _2_by children.About 10,000 people _3_it.The children write about poverty,child labor,underage marriages and drugs.When _4_ arri

33、ve and the team sits down to select stories,lots of fights _5_. They argue,“This story will have more impact than that story.”So there are a lot of _6_ before the final _7_ goes to print.The newspaper has 70 _8_ in several states and 14 in the capital.All of the reporters,editors and managers are _9

34、_ children.Many of their parents are _10_ and cannot read or write.The children now earn money,and many of them _11_ classes online that may help them find a job.The newspaper is published every month.It has eight pages.In 2002,when it began _12_, the newspaper was published four times a year.It has

35、 _13_ the lives of many of the children who publish it,and hopes to _14_ the lives of thousands of others.Non-governmental organizations and charity groups _15_ the newspaper.Sanjay Gupta leads a group that helps the children and _16_ money to the newspaper.“They feel very encouraged when people _17

36、_ them.I think this is a really _18_ tool to empower(使自主) them,”he said.The newspaper costs about three cents.That is less than the _19_ of a small cup of tea in India. _20_, the small cost gives the children hope that they will someday have a home and a job.1.A.familiesB.parentsC.livesD.hopes2.A.ed

37、itedB.soldC.boughtD.told3.A.joinB.readC.coverD.run4.A.messagesB.papersC.reportsD.events5.A.break outB.give outC.work outD.start out6.A.problemsB.questionsC.debatesD.actions7.A.decisionB.selectionC.subjectD.discussion8.A.reportersB.actorsC.managersD.children9.A.homelessB.strictC.energeticD.organized1

38、0.A.patientB.healthyC.joblessD.careless11.A.attendB.discoverC.createD.found12.A.operationsB.designsC.reactionD.performance13.A.recordedB.changedC.treatedD.replaced14.A.improveB.enlargeC.reformD.choose15.A.supplyB.adoptC.copyD.support16.A.lendsB.paysC.donatesD.returns17.A.appreciateB.refuseC.believeD

39、.invite18.A.uselessB.powerfulC.gratefulD.unnecessary19.A.shapeB.qualityC.tasteD.price20.A.ThereforeB.MeanwhileC.BesidesD.However二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cultural relics from Russias Peterhof State Museum-Reserve are 1_ display at the China Millennium Monument in Beijing.The exhibit, 2_ bega

40、n on April 4,echoes(附和) Chinas Belt and Road Initiative,and 3_(aim) to strengthen cultural exchanges between the two nations.Chinese elements also found 4_(they) way into many showpieces among the 243 cultural 5_(relic).One painting features 6_ Chinese-style study room in the Summer Palace of Peter

41、the Great.Portraits of 14 tsars(沙皇) 7_(feature) by the exhibition, along with royal 8_(belonging),such as costumes,watches,fans and kitchen wares.The treasures 9_(show) for the first time in Beijing.The exhibit 10_(last) about two months.Unit 1 Building up your vocabulary词汇讲练答案：1. give up; give away

42、; give in; give back; give out; give off 1). give up 2). give in to 3). gave way 4). giving off 5). to preserve/protect, from2. balanced 6). learning, to keep balance; lose your balance 7). balance, against 8). To live, keep a balanced diet3. propose 9). setting/to set; =made/came up with a proposal

43、 that; (should) be set up=was proposed that; (should) be set up 10). led, to be caught 11). what led you to/into 12). lead to; leading to 13). led, into, leading a happy life 14). was likely to=It was likely that 15). It is likely that=are likely to4. limited 16). limit, to 17). is not limited to 18

44、). Theres a limit to, no limit to serving 19). Once, made a decision/made up his mind, prevent/stop/keep, from=prevent/stop/keep, from being carried out 20) prevented from entering 21). 让你一直等我22). suffered great loss 23). Lost in thought25). 我不知道接下来做什么5. contribution26). balanced, contributing to27)

45、. has made positive contributions to28). contributed, to, quake-hit/stricken 29). contributes, to6. turn on; turn off; turn down; turn up; turn out; turn into 30). turn up31). turned out32). turned down7. 33). As far as, to visit/visiting=In, a visit/visiting=From, of being visited/to be visited34).

46、 to receiving8. promotion35). how to promote cooperation 36) think up new ways to promote product37). promotion; has promoted himself to (He got rapid promotion and ended up as a general manager.)9. apply, applicant; 38). I would appreciate it, application 39). is applying himself to improving 40).

47、to apply for 41). apply, to10. 42). to take part in 43). No matter how/However attractive, to take part (in it) 44). take an active part in 45) is playing a more/increasingly important part/role in 46)take part in/join in; joined; attend11. donation 47) donated to12. 48). made an(a frustrate) attemp

48、t/attempted to escape from prison49). to, at her/the first attempt13. 50). are sure to succeed51). make sure 52). make sure of 53). am sure of/about14. 54). There came shouts55). In a corner of the room sat a little girl 56). Away flew the birds57). Suddenly away ran John/Suddenly away he ran.15. 58

49、). Not only did he teach at school, but he wrote novel. 59). like watching this movie 60). Not only do they speak the same language, but they also share a large number of social customs.完形：CABCA CBAAC AABAD CABDD语法填空：1. on 2. which 3. aims 4. their 5. relics 6. a 7. were featured 8. belongings 9. ar

50、e being shown 10. will last短文语法填空：Today is Sunday. Ive been in Canada for two months. This is the first time that I 1_(be) away from my family for 2_ a long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of mine, Ive soon got used to 3_(live) without my parents around. Katia, like many other Russian 4_(gi

51、rl), are nice and lively. We became friends shortly after we 5_ (meet) each other. Although her English is a little hard to understand, we enjoy 6_(chat) and we usually talk a lot about our own families . Were both 7_( surprise ) that Chinese culture and Russian culture are so different . Now, we 8_(plan) a small party for next Sunday. There, Katia 9_(introduce) me to some of her friends, one of 10_ has been to China several times. I just cant wait.