Unit 5 语法（复习讲义）-2023-2024学年五年级英语上册单元速记·巧练（译林版三起）.docx

1、Unit 5 What do they do?语法梳理：一般现在时的陈述句精讲精练 (含答案)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或表示现在的特征或状态，也可表示客观事实或普遍真理。一、第三人称单数的具体情况总结我们已经了解当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要相应地使用第三人称单数形式。那么如何判定主语是否是第三人称单数呢?具体有以下分类：1. 人称代词 he, she, it 作主语。2. 单个的人名、地名或称呼作主语。例如:My sister works here.我的姐姐/妹妹在这里工作。3. 可数名词单数或“this/that/the/a等+可数名词单数”作主语。例如:This boy l

2、ooks happy. 这个男孩看上去很高兴。 The rabbit jumps high.这只兔子跳得高。4. 不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等以及指示代词this和that作主语。例如:Someone talks in class.有人在课堂上说话。5. 不可数名词作主语。例如:The soup is too hot. 汤太烫了。6. 数字或者字母作主语。例如:Thirteen and seven is twenty.十三加七等于二十。7. 特殊疑问句中，what，who等疑问代词作主语。例如：Who lives h

3、ere? 谁住在这儿? What makes you happy? 什么让你高兴?二、一般现在时的肯定句基本结构为“主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他.”。例如：He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 I go to school every day.我每天去上学。This giraffe is so tall.这只长颈鹿是如此的高。 Miss Li teaches English. 李老师教英语。三、一般现在时的否定句1.含有 be动词的句子，改为否定句时，在 be动词后加 not，句中如有some则改为 any。例如：Im a student. Im not a stu

4、dent. There is some milk. There isnt any milk.2.含有情态动词(can, should, would等)的句子,改为否定句时,在情态动词后加 not。例如:I can sing well. I cant/cannot sing well.3.含有行为动词的句子，改为否定句时，需要使用助动词 do 或 does，后加 not，然后再接动词原形。do not 常缩写为 dont, does not 常缩写为 doesnt,后接动词原形。例如:My teacher buys some toys. My teacher doesnt buy any toy

5、s.We make a fruit salad together. We dont make a fruit salad together.注意：此处do 和 does作为助动词，本身没有实际意义。do/does 作为实义动词时，意思是“做，干(某事)”。例如:He does homework in the evening. He doesnt do homework in the evening.四、动词第三人称单数一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，在一般现在时中，由于主语不同，动词会发生相应的变化。1. 主语为第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数时，动词为原形。例如：I eat lunc

6、h at twelve oclock. 我在12 点吃午餐。You look very nice. 你看上去很好看。They often go to school together. 他们经常一起去上学。Su Hai and Su Yang usually fly kites on Sundays. 苏海和苏洋通常在星期天放风筝。2. 主语为第三人称单数(能用 he，she，it代替)时，动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：He helps sick people. 他帮助病人。 Miss Li speaks English well. 李老师英语说得好。在一般现在时中，动词的第三人称单数变化规则如

7、下：分类例词读音一般情况下，在动词词尾直接scookcooks swimswimswritewrites readreadss在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音和元音后读/z/;与/t/和/d/连 起来时读/ts/和/dz/以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接在词尾加splayplays saysays buybuyss读/z/(因为一般以“元音字 母+y”结尾的读音是元音)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加esflyflies studystudiescarrycarries crycriesy变i后读音不变, es读/z/以“辅音字母+o”结尾的动词，一般在词尾加esgogoes dodo

8、es es读/z/以“s,x,sh,ch”结尾的动词,一般在词尾加esguessguesses fixfixes(修理)pushpushes watchwatcheses读/z/不规则变化:have 和 be动词havehas beishas/hz; hz/ is/z/注：部分动词变为第三人称单数时，原词的元音部分发音会发生变化，如：dodoes，saysays。【考题精练】一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1. find _ 2. stop _ 3. push _ 4. give _5. have _ 6. dance _ 7. read _ 8. skate _9. fly _ 10.

9、 work _ 11. play _ 12. live _13. do _ 14. sit _ 15. wait _ 16. visit _17. buy _ 18. go _ 19. study _20. come _二、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Jim _(like) his new sweater.2. Let Helen _(have) a look at the book.3. Julia _(want)_(sing) an English song.4. Miss Wu _(teach) us English this term.5. Su Hai and Su Yang

10、_(sleep) for 8 hours a day.6.Who _(live) in Nanjing in your family?My brothers _(live) there.7. Mike often _(go) _(swim) in summer.8._(be) your sister a _(cook)? No, she _(be).9. Liu Tao often _(play) table tennis with Wang Bing. They _(be) happy.10.What _(do) your uncle _(do)? He _(be) a doctor.11.

11、 This child _(do) not have breakfast in the morning. Its not good for him.12. _(not do) eat anything in the library.13. Tina _(do) not play table tennis after class.14. The twins _(not do) like tigers. But they like lions.15. The boy _(do) his homework at home.16. He sometimes _(go) to the park and

12、_(draw) pictures in it.17. My father and mother often _(watch) TV in the evening.18. My uncle is a _ cook. He can cook _.(good)19. Its very cold. The water _(turn) into ice. Lets go _(skate).20. Helen always _(have) _(dance) lessons on Sundays.21. The girl sometimes _(chat) with her e-friend on the

13、Internet.22. Tina _(not go) to school on Sundays. She _(sleep) at home.23. The teachers in Class One _(be) friendly.24. My aunt _(not look)happy,because(因为)my cousin _(not do)his homework.三、 按要求改写句子。1. They can sing and dance.(改为否定句)They _sing _ dance.2. My father goes fishing on Saturdays.(改为否定句)My

14、 father _ _ _on Saturdays.3. Lily would like to buy some fish.(改为否定句)Lily _ _to _ _fish.4. Ben doesnt speak Chinese well either.(改为肯定句)Ben _ _ well _.5. Wang Bing draws well.(改为同义句)Wang Bing _ _ _drawing.6. Mr Brown is a music teacher.(改为同义句)Mr Brown _ _.7. Sam sends his e-friends emails.(改为同义句)Sam

15、sends emails _ _ _.8. My friend often goes to the cinema at weekends.(改为同义句)My friend often _ _ on _ and _.参考答案一、1. finds 2. stops 3. pushes 4. gives 5. has6. dances 7. reads 8. skates 9. flies 10. works 11. plays 12. lives 13. does 14. sits 15. waits 16. visits 17. buys 18. goes 19. studies 20. com

16、es二、1. likes 2. have 3. wants; to sing4. teaches 5. sleep 6. lives; live7. goes swimming 8. Is; cook; isnt9. plays; are 10. does;do; is11. does 12. Dont 13. does 14. dont 15. does16. goes; draws 17. watch 18. good; well19. turns; skating 20. has dancing 21. chats22. doesnt go; sleeps 23. are 24. doesnt look; doesnt do三、1. cant/cannot; or 2. doesnt go fishing3. wouldnt like; buy any 4. speaks Chinese; too 5. is good at 6. teaches Music 7. to his e-friends 8. watches/sees films; Saturdays; Sundays