2020-2021学年英语人教版必修3学案：UNIT 4 SECTION Ⅱ　LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE & USING LANGUAGE WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Learning about Language & Using Language一、词汇过关二、短语互译三、重点句式课文预读月球之旅第12段译文我的朋友李彦平是一位天文学家，上个月我非常有幸有机会同他一起去太空旅行。我们乘宇宙飞船游览了月球！在起程之前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入太空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。这种引力太强了，以至于我们彼此间都不能说话了。渐渐地，这个力量慢慢减小，我才能够同他讲话。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船不会落回到地球呢？

2、在地球上的时候，如果我从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。”李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有地球引力了。当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。”我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。第34段译文我们到达月球时，我就想立即进行探测。“来吧，”我说，“要是你讲得对，我的重量就会比在地球上小，因为月球更小，而我就能更自由地活动了。如果我在月球上待的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我的体重肯定也会变得更轻！”我笑着从宇宙飞船的梯级上爬下来。

3、但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。”过了一会儿，我才掌握了走路的诀窍，我们这才开始感到自如了。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球引力那样痛苦。但是返回到地球的经历却是非常吓人的。我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。当我们回到地面时，我们又(感到)被重重地推回在座位上。我说道：“真是精疲力尽了，但也很激动人心。关于引力，我现在懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以去别的星球上游览吗？”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗星球上去呢？”课文理解.Read the passage and

4、judge whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F)1The force of gravity changed three times and the last change was the most powerful.(F)2We were too far from the earth to feel its pull.(T)3On the moon, our weight would be less than on the earth because we were too far from it.(F)4Leavi

5、ng the moons gravity was as painful as leaving the earths.(F)5Space travel was very exhausting, so the writer didnt like it at all.(F). Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1The passage is mainly about _.Aan introduction of the moonBthe gravity that I felt on my way to the moonCmy

6、visit to the moonDmy friend Li Yanping, an astronomer答案：C2When we were going up, we felt _.Awe were pressed back into our seatsBwe were heavier than we were on the earthCas if we were flyingDthe rocket was shaking strongly答案：A3When or where did the author feel strongest of the gravity of the earth?A

7、On the moon.BOn the half way to the moon.CAt the very beginning.DOn their leaving from the moon.答案：C4Why was the spaceship not falling back to the earth?ABecause it was too far from the earth to feel its pull.BBecause it was too big.CBecause it was far from the moon.DNot mentioned in the text.答案：A5W

8、hat causes the author to feel that he becomes weightless on the moon?ASpaceship.BGravity.CHis friend.DGood feelings of the author.答案：B crash vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落；使撞毁 n. (汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；突然发出的巨响(教材P29)Other scientists believe that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance.其他科学家

9、认为，很久以前一颗彗星与地球相撞，从而导致(恐龙)灭绝。crash into/onto.撞到里/上a plane/car crash 飞机失事/汽车撞车事故即学即用(1)He witnessed a serious car crash today. Two cars crashed into each other and let out a loud crash.今天他目睹了一起严重的撞车事故。两辆车撞在了一起，发出了很大的响声。(2)It is a miracle that most of the passengers survived the plane crash.大部分乘客从飞机失事事

10、故中生还，这真是个奇迹。(3)The car crashed into a bus on the bridge, and the car driver was killed on the spot.在桥上这辆轿车与一辆公共汽车相撞了，轿车司机当场被撞死。(4)Pilots were trying to repair a fault in the plane when it crashed (crash)飞行员正在试图排除飞机故障的时候，飞机坠毁了。(5)The pilot stopped a tragedy when he succeeded in preventing the plane c

11、rashing (crash)飞行员成功地避免了飞机的坠毁，从而避免了一场悲剧。2 (教材P30)As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。pull down摧毁，推翻，拆除pull in 进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull out 离站；开上路；(使)摆脱困境pull up 停车；停住pull over

12、 使停靠在路边pull through 恢复健康；渡过危机即学即用(1)Would you mind giving the bell a pull?不介意的话，请拉一下铃好吗？(2)He gave the tablecloth a pull, and all the dishes went flying.他拉了一下桌布，所有的盘子都飞起来了。(3)I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我感觉有人拉了一下我的袖子，于是我就转过身去。(4)用 pull 相关短语的适当形式填空The earthquake pulled_down most of th

13、e buildings in the city.The express from Beijing pulled_in on time.When all passengers were on board, the train pulled_out of the station.He is still quite sick, but the doctor is sure that he will pull_through.1 (教材P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin

14、watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。cheer sb. up使某人振作起来cheer for 为而欢呼即学即用Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by a warm welcome.一走进教室，作者因为热烈的欢迎而高兴起来。Lets go to the football game and cheer for our favorite team

15、.咱们去看足球比赛吧，为咱们最喜爱的球队呐喊助威。2 (教材P31)“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。”now that “既然”，引导原因状语从句，其中的 that 可以省略。即学即用Now that everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。Now_that_dinner_is_ready,_wash your han

16、ds.既然晚饭准备好了，你去洗手吧。名师点津引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since, because, as, considering (that), in that 等。3 (教材P31)We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。break up解散；打碎break in 进入；插话break away from. 脱离break down 发生故障；(精神、身体)垮掉；分解

17、break into 强行进入(某处)；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)即学即用After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment was destroyed.实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。If you go on working like that, you will break down sooner or later.如果你继续像那样工作的话，你迟早会累垮的。A thief broke into my house and stole my necklace.一个小偷闯进我家偷走了我的项链。名师点津(1)break out 强调战争、疾病、

18、火灾等的突然爆发。(2)break out, take place, happen 等动词及动词短语有两个共同点：终止性不用于进行时；不及物不用于被动语态。4 watch out for留意watch over 照顾；监督；保护即学即用Watch out! There is a car coming!注意！有辆车开过来了！Watch out for the haze; it may do great harm to us.当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们造成很大损害。There must have been an angel watching over me that day.那天一定有个天使在

19、保护着我。名师点津watch out 的同义短语还有 look out, take care, be careful。 When we get closer to the moon， we shall feel its gravity pulling us， but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。(1)句中“as strong a pull as”属于“asadj.a/ann.as”结构，意为“像一样的”，其中的名词必须是可数名词的单数形式，用于否定

20、句中可用“not so/as.as.”结构。She is as good a teacher as her mother.她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。(2)how, so, too 也和 as 一样可以用于上述结构。即 how/so/tooadj.a/an可数名词单数。You dont know how_difficult_a_problem this is.你不知道这是一道多么难的题。(3)as.as 结构的其他几种形式：Weve got food for as_many_people_as want it.我们的食物无论多少人吃都够了。 But when I tried to step fo

21、rward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。(1)twice as far as.属于“倍数as形容词/副词原级as.”结构，是一种倍数的表示方法。This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。(2)倍数表达法的常见结构：.timesThis book is three_times_as_long_as/twice_longer_than/three_

22、times_the_length_of_that_one.这本书是那本书篇幅的三倍。The production of this year is twice that of last year.今年的产量是去年的两倍。The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。名师点津(1)两倍用 twice 或 double，三倍及三倍以上用.times 表达。(2)前面的倍数还可以是分数、百分数、小数等。(3)that/those of.多用于产量、生产等方面的比较，that/those指代前面的同名异物

23、名词。.单词拼写1A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.2The young man knows little about Newtons law of gravity (引力)3As we all know, Qian Xuesen is a famous physicist (物理学家)4The smell of new bread floated (飘动) up from the kitchen.5Dont pull (拉) so hard or the handle will go off

24、.6He cheered (振奋) up at the thought of buying a new car.7He arrived home very late last night, exhausted (精疲力尽的)8He is a man gentle (文雅) in manner but firm in action.选词填空(可变换形式)break out， cheer up， now that， block out， watch out， get the hang of1The heavy curtain blocked_out the light, which made me

25、 uncomfortable.2Now_that you wouldnt like to go there, you can stay where you are.3The atmosphere in the classroom relaxed after the teachers humorous talk cheered us up.4To our great disappointment, a trade war broke_out between the two countries at last.5It seems difficult at first, but youll soon

26、 get_the_hang_of it.6Watch_out for cars when you cross the busy road.补全句子1Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。2She has as_attractive_a_voice_as her sister.她和她的姐姐一样有着吸引人的嗓音。3He went back home, tired_and_hungry.他回到家时又累又饿。4Now_that_youve_got_a_chance,_you might as well make full use of it.你既然得到了一个机会，不妨充分利用它。5Last_night_a_fire_broke_out,_causing great damage to the house.昨天晚上发生了火灾，给房子造成了很大损失。- 12 - 版权所有高考资源网