Welcome Unit 单元语法Grammar 句子成分和基本句型-2023-2024学年高一英语单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）（必修第一册）.docx

1、Welcome Unit单元语法 句子成分和基本句型一、单项选择1The singer fell in love with Mozarts music when he sang for the college choir.从句中主语是：AThe singerBMozarts musicCheDthe college choir2After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering college in 1896. 句子谓语是？AstudyingBmanagedCpassDentering3Whether s

2、he will keep it a secret is unknown to all of us. 句子的主语是：Aa secretBWhether she will keep it a secretCall of usDit4That dream comes true! 以上句子中comes的成分是：A主语B谓语C宾语D状语5选出以下句子的结构类型: He tells them a funny story.ASVOBSVOCCSV IO DODSV6The maths homework looks easy. 以上句子中The maths homework的成分是:A主语B谓语C宾语D状语7

3、Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order . 句子中的谓语动词是_.AtiredBknowingChadDorder8This years Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin.句子中的主语是：Athis yearBNobel PrizeCphysiologyDmedicine9We

4、 will make him our monitor. (分析句子结构)AS+V+OBS+V+DO+IOCS+V+PDS+V+O+OC10My father bought me a new bike last week.(分析句子结构)AS+VBS+V+CCS+V+IO+DODS+V+P11The young man offered the old man his own seat. ()A宾语B定语C宾语补足语D表语12The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is _AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+DO+OCDS+V+P13An

5、alyze the structure of the following sentence: “We should keep the classroom clean and tidy.”ASV (主+谓)BSVO (主+谓+宾)CSVIO DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)DSVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补)14William Tyndale wrote the Bible in English so all could read it.AadverbialBsubjectCpredicateDattribute15The International Day of Families, which was

6、 set by the United Nations in 1993, is held on 15 May every year.ApredicativeBobjectCpredicateDobject complement16Today, American English is in common international use.AadverbialBobjectCpredicativeDpredicate17Features are written in an individual style, with extra detail and background.AadverbialBo

7、bject complementCsubjectDattribute18I showed her eggs and sadly explained what happened.AsubjectBadverbialCattributeDobject19I was tiding my room and found an old photo in a notebook.AsubjectBpredicativeCobjectDobject complement20Many people grow their own tea gardens.AadverbialBobjectCsubjectDpredi

8、cate21Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother.AsubjectBpredicateCattributeDappositive22You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock.AobjectBsubjectCadverbialDattribute23If you feel like you have problems that you cant solve, you will make yourself miserable.Aadverbi

9、alBattributeCobjectDobject complement24The sentence structure of “I painted the wall white.” Is_AS+V+DO+OCBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+ODS+V+P25The sentence structure（结构）of “Mr. Wu teaches us English.”is_AS+V+DO+OCBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+ODS+V+P26She found it difficult to do the work.句子的宾语补足语是_ASheBfoundCitDdifficult27Lil

10、ys mother bought her a pet dog as a birthday present.A主+系+表B主+谓+宾+宾补C主+谓+间宾+直宾D主+谓+直宾+间宾28Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “SVOC”?(S: Subject;V: Verb;O: Object;C: Completement)AI cant wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.BI consider the work

11、 challenging.CA journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.DJoining clubs was a great way to meet British students.29In the sentence “I can read well enough without glasses.”, the underlined part is a _.ANPBAdjPCAdvPDVP30Analyze the structure of the following sentence: “We should keep the

12、 classroom clean and tidy.”ASVBSVOCSV IO DODSVOC31Choose the correct structure of this sentence “He lent me a book.”AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+PDS+V+DO+OC32The sentence structure of “He often makes me happy is_.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+O+OCDS+V+P33Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning

13、English. The structure of the sentence is _.A主+谓+宾B主+谓+宾+宾补C主+系+表D主+谓+间宾+直宾34Imagination is more important than knowledge.选出该句的句子结构。ASVBSVOCSVPDSVOC35“The news makes me feel very happy.” The structure of this sentence is “_”.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+PDS+V+O+C二、写出画线部分在句中所作的成分36Jack is a senior high schoo

14、l student and is curious about everything on campus.37The school organised a collection exhibition, and students presented their collections one by one.38When a person is panicked or embarrassed, he has difficulty breathing.39When you are faced with challenges, you will feel pressure, but keep calm.

15、40Tom is fond of photography, drama, playing the piano and playing badminton.41The students held a sharp debate, explored the truth and argued about this topic.42In his view, dolphins are intelligent mammals and he is waiting to watch them with eagerness.43John graduated from college but still hasnt

16、 found any job opportunities. At this moment he is feeling disappointed.44 He and his teammates are going all out for the game at the gym.45After the wind and rain, the rainbow is particularly awesome.写出下列句子的句子结构46Does Jennifer live here? _47Chris started learning English a little over three years a

17、go. _48The secret of success is honesty and fair dealing. _49Whaley invites the rest of the class to join him. _50I heard a knock on the door. _51This development did not take place overnight. _52There are times when your heart is not in your work. _53Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers. _54It g

18、ives us a great feeling of peace. _55Our hosts shared many of their experiences. _参考答案：1C【详解】考查句子成分分析。句意：这位歌手在大学唱诗班演唱时爱上了莫扎特的音乐。分析可知，本句是含有时间状语从句的复合句。when为时间状语从句的引导词，he为从句的主语，sang为谓语，for the college choir为状语。故选C。2B【详解】考查句子结构。句意：在又学习了一年之后，他设法通过了考试，在1896年进入大学。分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾状结构。 he 是主语，managed是谓语，to pa

19、ss the exam是宾语；After studying for another year和entering college in 1896是状语。故选B。3B【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她是否会保守这个秘密我们大家都不知道。根据句子结构，句子的主语是“Whether she will keep it a secret ”系动词为is，表语为unknown。故选B。4B【详解】考查句子成分。句意：梦想成真了！此处主语为dream，come为谓语。故选B。5C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：他给他们讲了一个有趣的故事。句中He为主语， tells为谓语动词，them为间接宾语，a funny st

20、ory为直接宾语，所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选C。6A【详解】考查句子结构。句意：数学作业看起来很简单。The maths homework 为主语，谓语动词为系动词looks，easy为表语，所以本句为主系表结构。故选A。7C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们又累又饿，又不会说中文，根本不知道怎么点餐。句子主语是I，谓语动词是had，宾语是no idea，构成主谓宾结构。Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese为状语成分。故选C。8B【详解】考查句子结构。句意：今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖被授予屠呦呦，她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。分析可知，句

21、中涉及一个whose引导的非限制性定语从句，因此句子主语应在主句部分找；主句中：主语为Nobel Prize，This years和for physiology or medicine分别作为Nobel Prize的前置定语和后置定语；谓语为has been awarded to ；宾语为Tu Youyou。故选B。9D【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知，“We”在句中作主语（S），“will make”作谓语（V），“him”作宾语（O），“our monitor”作宾语补足语（OC），故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选D项。10C【详解】考查句子结构。句意

22、：我爸爸上周给我买了一辆新自行车。此处主语为my father；bought为谓语；me为间接宾语；a new bike为直接宾语。属于“主谓宾宾”结构。故选C。11A【详解】考查句子成分。句意：那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了老人。分析句子可知，“The young man”在句中作主语，“offered”作谓语，“the old man”作间接宾语，“his own seat”作直接宾语，故画线部分在句中作宾语。故选A项。12B【详解】考查句子结构。句意：“他借给我一本书”的句子结构是He是主语，lent是谓语，me是间接宾语，a book是直接宾语，因此句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选B。

23、13D【详解】考查基本句型和句子成分。句意：分析以下句子的结构：“我们应该保持教室干净整洁。”分析句子可知，“We”作主语，“should keep”作谓语，“the classroom”作宾语，“clean and tidy”作宾语补足语，句子为“SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补)”结构。故选D项。14B【详解】考查句子成分。句意：威廉廷代尔用英语写了圣经，以便所有人都能读到。A. adverbial状语；B. subject主语；C. predicate谓语；D. attribute定语。分析句子可知，so连接并列句，all是后一分句的主语。故选B。15C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：联合国于1

24、993年确定的国际家庭日每年5月15日举行。A.predicative表语；B. object宾语；C. predicate谓语；D. object complement宾语补足语。分析句子可知which was set by the United Nations in 1993是定语从句修饰主语The International Day of Families，句子是一般现在时的被动语态，划线词is held是谓语动词，时间状语是on 15 May every year。故选C。16C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：今天，美式英语在国际上普遍使用。A. adverbial状语；B. object

25、宾语；C. predicative表语；D. predicate谓语。American English为句子主语，画线部分在句中作表语。故选C。17A【详解】考查句子成分。句意：特写是以个人风格写的，带有额外的细节和背景。A. adverbial状语；B. object complement宾语补语；C. subject主语；D. attribute定语。分析可知，划线部分为介词短语，在句中用作状语。故选A项。18D【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我给她看鸡蛋，并悲伤地解释了发生的事情。A. subject主语；B. adverbial状语；C. attribute定语；D. object宾语。w

26、hat happened为从句，接在动词explained后，作宾语成分。故选D。19C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我在整理房间的时候，在一个笔记本里发现了一张旧照片。A. subject主语；B. predicative表语；C. object宾语；D. object complement宾语补足语。此处主语为I；was tiding作谓语，room为宾语；found为谓语，an old photo为宾语。故选C。20D【详解】考查句子成分。句意：很多人种他们自己的茶园。A.adverbial 状语。B.object宾语C.subject主语D.predicate谓语。本句是主谓宾的结构。主

27、语是many people，grow是谓语动词，是主语发出的动作，宾语是gardens。故选D项。【点睛】21D【详解】考查句子结构。句意：昨天我遇到了汤姆，我哥哥的朋友。A. subject主语；B. predicate谓语；C. attribute定语；D. appositive同位语。a friend of my brother是来解释说明Tom是谁，所以是同位语成分，同时在句中作宾语，即作宾语同位语。故选D。22D【详解】考查句子成分。句意：你的码头尽头总有一盏通宵亮着的绿灯。A. object宾语；B. subject主语；C. adverbial状语；D. attribute定语。

28、此处画线部分为定语从句修饰先行词light。故选D。23B【详解】考查句子成分。句意：如果你觉得自己有无法解决的问题，你会让自己痛苦的。A.adverbial 状语；B.attribute定语；C.subject主语；D.object complement宾语补足语。分析句子可知，划线部分是定语从句，作定语修饰problems。故选B。【点睛】24A【详解】考查句子结构。该句中，主语是I，谓语是painted ，宾语是wall ，形容词white作宾语补足语。故选A项。25B【详解】考查句子结构。句意：吴老师教我们英语。在本句中，Mr. Wu 是主语；teaches是谓语动词；us是间接宾语；

29、English是直接宾语，因此本句属于S+V+IO+DO（主谓宾宾），故选B。26D【详解】考查句子成分。句意：她发现做这项工作很困难。句子中，she为主语，动词found为谓语，it作形式宾语，形容词difficult意为“困难的”，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语，动词不定式to do the work为真正的宾语。故选D。27C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：丽丽的妈妈给她买了一只宠物狗作为生日礼物。主语为Lilysmother,谓语动词为bought，间接宾语为her，直接宾语为a pet dog，故本句结构为：主+谓+间宾+直宾。故选C。28B【详解】考查句子结构。A项句意：我等不及要给你

30、描述一下高中生活是什么样子了。B项句意：我认为这份工作很有挑战性。C项句意：千里之行，始于足下。D项句意：加入俱乐部是认识英国学生的好方法。分析句子结构可知，B项为主谓宾宾补结构，主语为I，谓语为consider，宾语为the work，宾语补足语为challenging。A项为主谓宾结构，主语为I，谓语为cant wait，宾语为to describe.。C项为主谓宾结构，主语为A journey of a thousand miles，谓语为begins with，宾语为a single step.。D项为主系表结构，主语为Joining clubs，系动词为was，表语为 a great

31、 way.。故选B项。29C【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我不戴眼镜也能看书。分析可知，划线部分well enough是副词短语，作状语，意为“很好”，修饰动词read，副词短语即AdvP，故选C。30D【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们应该保持教室干净整洁。分析句子结构可知，本句的主语是we，谓语动词是should keep，宾语是the classroom，形容词clean and tidy作宾语补足语。所以整个句子的结构为主谓宾补。故选D。31B【详解】考查句子结构。句意：选择这个句子“He lent me a book.”的正确结构。分析句子可知，是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语，故选B。

32、32C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：“他经常让我开心”的句子结构是“主谓宾宾补”。He是主语，often makes是谓语动词，me是宾语，happy是宾语补足语。故选C。33C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：课外阅读在学习英语中是必要和重要的。此处主语为Reading outside school；is为系动词， necessary and important作表语，句子为主+系+表结构。故选C。34C【详解】考查句子结构。句意：想象力比知识更重要。由Imagination is more important可知，句子是“主系表”结构，即SVP，故选C。35D【详解】考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知

33、，本句主语The news；谓语makes；宾语me；宾补feel very happy（此处使用省略to的动词不定式作宾补），S主语，V谓语，O宾语，P表语,IO间接宾语，DO直接宾语，C补语，故选择D项。36定语 37谓语动词 38表语 39宾语 40表语 41宾语 42定语 43状语 44主语 45状语【解析】36考查介词短语。句意：杰克是一名高中生，他对校园里的一切都很好奇。on campus，意为“在校内”，修饰everything，作后置定语。故填：定语。37考查动词。句意：学校组织了一个收藏品展览，学生们一个接一个地展示他们的收藏品。 presented，意为“向公众展示，展现”

34、，作谓语动词。故填：谓语动词。38考查形容词。句意：当一个人感到恐慌或尴尬时，他会呼吸困难。panicked为动词panic的过去分词，意为“使恐慌”，embarrassed，意为“尴尬的”，形容词短语。划线部分panicked or embarrassed在系动词之后，作表语。故填：表语。39考查名词。句意：当你面对挑战时，你会感到压力，但要保持冷静。pressure为名词，意为“压力”，作谓语动词feel的宾语。故填：宾语。40考查形容词。句意：汤姆喜欢摄影、戏剧、弹钢琴和打羽毛球。fond为形容词，意为“喜爱的”，作系动词be的表语。故表：定语。41考查名词短语。句意：学生们就这个话题展

35、开了激烈的辩论，探讨了真理，展开了辩论。a sharp debate为名词短语，意为“一个激烈的争论”，作谓语动词held的宾语。故填：宾语。42考查形容词。句意：在他看来，海豚是聪明的哺乳动物，他正热切地等待着观察它们。intelligent为形容词，意为“聪明的”，作名词mammals的前置定语。故填：定语。43考查介词短语。句意：约翰大学毕业了，但仍然没有找到工作机会。此刻他感到失望。At this moment为介词短语，意为“目前，现在”，作句子的时间状语。故填：状语。44考查代词和名词。句意：他和他的队友正在体育馆里全力以赴地打比赛。He为代词主格，his teammates为名词

36、短语，意为“他的队友们”，划线部分He and his teammates在句中作主语。故填：主语。45考查副词。句意：风雨过后，彩虹格外美丽。particularly为副词，意为“特别是，格外”，在句中作状语。故填：状语。46主语+谓语+状语 47主语+谓语+宾语+状语 48主语+系动词+表语 49主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 50主语+谓语+宾语+状语 51主语+谓语+状语 52存现句(there be句型) 53主语+系动词+表语 54主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 55主语+谓语+宾语【解析】46考查句子结构。句意：詹妮弗住在这里吗? Jennifer 是主语，live是谓语动词， h

37、ere是副词作状语，故结构是主语+谓语+状语。47考查句子结构。句意：克里斯三年多前开始学英语。Chris 是主语，started learning是谓语动词，English是宾语， a little over three years ago. 是状语，故结构是主语+谓语+宾语+状语。48考查句子结构。句意：成功的秘诀是诚实和公平交易。The secret of success 是主语，is是谓语动词，honesty and fair dealing.作表语，故结构是主语+系动词+表语。49考查句子结构。句意：威利邀请全班同学加入他的行列。Whaley是主语，invites 是谓语动词， th

38、e rest of the class 是宾语，to join him.不定式作宾补，故结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。50考查句子结构。句意：我听到有人敲门。I是主语，heard是谓语动词， a knock 是宾语，on the door.是介词短语作状语，故结构是主语+谓语+宾语+状语。51考查句子结构。句意：这种发展不是一夜之间发生的。This development是主语， did not take place 是谓语动词， overnight.是副词作状语，故结构是主语+谓语+状语。52考查句子结构。句意：有时你的心不在工作上。times 是主语，There are times

39、when your heart is not in your work.是谓语动词，There are 是there be句型，when your heart is not in your work.是状语从句，故结构是存现句(there be句型)。53考查句子结构。句意：猴子似乎对数字很有一套。Monkeys 是主语，seem 是系动词，to have a way with numbers.是不定式作表语，故结构是主语+系动词+表语。54考查句子结构。句意：它给我们一种宁静的感觉。It是主语，gives 是谓语动词，us是间接宾语， a great feeling of peace.是直接宾语，故结构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。55考查句子结构。句意：我们的主人分享了许多他们的经历。Our hosts 是主语，shared 是谓语动词，many of their experiences.是宾语，故结构是主语+谓语+宾语。