【春季课外拓展】05：非谓语复习 阅读理解之AB篇-2022年高二春季课外拓展精品讲义15讲（上海）.docx

1、 第五讲 非谓语复习+阅读AB篇 词汇打卡考纲词汇默写051.概念 n. conception2.音乐会 n. concert3.混凝土 n. concrete4.指挥；导体 n. conductor5.讨论会 n. conference6.冲突；战斗 n. conflict7.代表大会 n.congress8.良心 n. conscience9.结果；后果 n. consequence10.当代的 adj. contemporary11.消费者；顾客 n. consumer 12.上下文；背景 n. context13.便利设施 n. convenience14.走廊 n. corridor

2、15.咳嗽 n. cough16.与.有关的 be concerned with17.关心；担心 be concerned about18.得出结论 draw/reach arrive at/come to a conclusion19.状况良好 in good condition20.对.有信心 have confidence in/be confident of21.祝贺他赢得比赛 congratulate on his winning the program22.意识到. be conscious of/that./be aware of23.考虑听有关健康的讲座 consider at

3、tending a/the lecture on health24.对某人体贴的；为某人着想的 be considerable of sb.25. 由.组成 consist of/be composed of/be made up of26.与某人保持联系 keep in contact with sb.27.对.感到满意 be contend(ed) with28.与他原来期待的相反 contrary to what he expected29.对.做贡献 make contributions to doing30.使某人确信某事 convince sb. of sth.1. 生物（动物或人

4、）n. creation2. 音乐会 n. concert3. 罪犯 n. criminal4.至关重要的 adj. crucial5.黄瓜 n . cucumber6.食橱；碗橱 n. cupboard7.课程 n. curriculum8.骑自行车的人 n. cyclist9.垫子；气垫 n. cushion10.潮湿的 adj. damp11.牛奶公司；乳品店 n. dairy12.最后期限 n. deadline13.使腐烂；使腐朽 vt. decay14.得体的；适当的 adj. decent15.定义；释义 n. definition16.狂热于. be crazy about17

5、.犯罪 commit a crime18.挤满 .be crowed with19.对.感到好奇be curious about20.处于失去生命的危险中 be in danger of losing ones life21.至今 to this day22.在白天 in the day(time)23.追溯到，起源于 date from/date back to24.赶上截止日期 meet the deadline25. 处理这情形 deal with this situation 26.欠债 be in debt 27.做决定 make a decision 28.在某种程度上 to so

6、me degree29.获得博士学位 win a doctors degree 30.推迟做某事 delaying doing sth.语法微练非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的作用 句子成分非谓语 主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词分 词二、非谓语动词的时态和语态不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式to doto be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式to be doing/与谓语动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式doingbeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式having

7、 donehaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式doingbeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式having donehaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前三、非谓语动词的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语的比较1) 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动名词常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.2) 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj/n + (for/of sb) to

8、 do sth。而动名词常用于It + is+ no good, no use, a waste of time/money, fun, useless, nice, boring, foolish, worthwhile +doing句型。Its no use complaining.2、不定式、动名词作宾语的比较1) 只能接不定式的动词：agree (同意), aim (旨在), afford (承担得起), appear (似乎), attempt (试图), beg (恳求), begin, choose, demand (要求), decide, desire (渴望), deter

9、mine (决定), expect, fail (未做), forget, guarantee (保证), hope, happen (碰巧), hesitate (犹豫), hurry, intend (打算), long (渴望), manage (设法做成), mean (打算), offer (愿意), plan, prefer, pretend (假装), promise, pray (祈祷), prove (证明), refuse (拒绝), resolve (决心), regret (遗憾), remember, remain (有待), strive/struggle (奋力)

10、, seem, tend (往往会), try (努力), unite (联合), volunteer (自愿), wish (想要).2) 只能接动名词的动词：admit (承认), allow (允许), advise (建议), avoid (避免), appreciate (欣赏), ban (禁止), consider (考虑), delay (推迟), deny (否认), dislike, escape (逃避), enjoy, end up (以.结束), encourage, explain, excuse (原谅), feel like (想), finish, forbi

11、d (禁止), forgive (原谅), fancy/ imagine (想象), include/involve (包括), keep, mention (提及), mind (介意), miss (错过), pardon (原谅), practise, permit (允许), prohibit (禁止), postpone/put off (推迟), quit (停止), propose/ recommend (建议), recall (记起), report (报告), resist (抵抗), risk, save (避免), suggest, tolerate (忍受), und

12、erstand, worth (值得). 3) 接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词： remember to do记得去做 remember doing记得做过 forget to do忘记去做 forget doing忘记做过 regret to do遗憾去做 regret doing 后悔做过 try to do设法去做 try doing试着做 go on to do继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事 mean to do打算做 mean doing意味着做 stop to do停下来去做 stop doing停止做 cant help (to) do 不能帮助做 ca

13、nt help doing 忍不住做4) 要接动名词的几个句型： prevent/stop/keep sb/sth from doing. 阻止.做 how about/what about doing spend/waste time (money) in doing sth. 在.上花费或浪费时间或钱 have some difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing做.有困难 have a hard/good time/fun in doing 做.很艰难或做.很愉快5) 动词不定式在but, except后面时，前有do后无to have no choic

14、e but to do sth.没有别的选择，只好做.do nothing but do除了做.什么都没做cant choose/help but do只好做 cant but do只好做6) allow/advise/encourage/forbid/permit/recommend+doing/sb to do7) sth need/want/require+doing/to be donebe worth doing = be worthy+to be done/of being done3、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1) 不定式、动名词作表语，表示主语的内容。My job is

15、teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是my job的内容)2) 一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质特征，用过去分词表示主语的状态。常用动词：surprise: surprising, surprised。类似动词有：excite, astonish, shock, scare, disappoint, move等。3) 在be, seem/appear, prove/turn out, remain等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语。 4、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的比较1

16、) 不定式作宾补有3种情况： 可以用带to的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有: advise, allow, ask, assign (分派), beg (恳求), cause (使), call on (号召), challenge (质疑，强烈建议), command (命令), dare (激某人做某事), direct (指示), drive (驱使), employ (雇佣), enable, encourage, expect, force (迫使), forbid (禁止), get (让), invite, inspire (鼓舞), instruct (指示), lead, ord

17、er, oblige (迫使), permit (允许), persuade (说服), prepare (准备), remind (提醒), require (需要), request (要求), recommend (建议), send (派遣), teach, tell, tempt (吸引，诱惑), urge (力劝), want, warn. 动词不定式在动词feel (一感)，hear, listen to (二听)，have, let, make (三让)，notice, see, watch, observe, witness (五看) (即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语

18、中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。 在动词help后可以跟带to的不定式作宾补，也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾补。2) 感官动词sb + do / doing / done/being done (分别表示全过程/正在发生/被动完成/正在发生且表示被动) 感官动词：see/ look at/ watch/ notice/ observe/ witness/ hear/ listen to/ smell/ feel 3) 表使役或致使的动词后接分词作宾补的具体情况：动词havekeepgetleavemakecatchsend现在分词过去分词4) With的复合结构：With+宾语

19、+形容词/副词/介词短语/to do/doing/done。to do 表示将来，doing 表示主动和进行，done表示被动和完成。5) It is said / reported / thought / known /believed that 可转化为：sb/sth be said / reported/known/believed to do/to be doing/to have done sth.5、不定式、动名词、分词作定语的比较1) 在the only、no、all、any、序数词（the first/second）、顺序词（the last, the next）或形容词最高级

20、修饰的名词后接不定式作定语。动词和形容词后接不定式，其相应的名词后也用不定式作定语，如agreement, desire, failure, intention, anxiety, curiosity, eagerness。名词本身是抽象名词，不定式解释其中的内容：efforts, opportunity, plan, position, power, way等。2) 不定式作定语时，句子主语就是不定式的逻辑主语时，用主动表被动。3) 动名词作定语表用途，分词作定语可转化为定语从句。4) 不定式和分词作定语的区别：动作表将来，主动时用to do，被动时用to be done； l 动作正在进行

21、，主动或不及物动词时用doing，被动时用being done； l 动作已完成，表被动时用done；不及物动词只表动作完成。 6、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语的比较1) 不定式作目的、原因、结果状语 目的：eg. She had to shout to make herself heard. 常见于：to do, in order to do, so as to do (不用于句首) 原因：不定式常放在表示情绪反应的形容词后。如：happy, sorry, glad, sad, surprised, disappointed. 如：I am sorry to hear that your

22、 father is ill. 结果：常用 only to do.来表示末曾预料到或令人不快的情况，其动作发生在谓语动作之后。另外，固定结构：too.to do, enough to do, so/such.as to do 中，不定式也作结果状语。 在形容词后作状语，只用不定式如：The book is easy to read. (=It is easy to read the book.) 2) 现在分词、过去分词可作时间、条件、让步、方式、原因、结果、伴随状语。分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句。分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式：* doing：用来表示主动，且前后动作同时进行* havi

23、ng done：表示主动，且动作发生在主句之前* done：表示被动且完成 * having been done：用来表示被动，且动作发生在主句之前3) 独立主格结构独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 名词(代词)+现在分词：Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 名词(代词)+过去分词： The test finished (= When the test was finished), we began our holiday. 名词(代词)+不定式： Many trees and grass to b

24、e planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 例1. 选择题1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.【2019川沙期中】A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting2. Did she appreciate _ her mistakes?【2019曹二期中】A. you to point outB. for you to point outC. you po

25、inting outD. you pointed out3. If she accepts this position, she will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.【2019曹二期中】A. to meet B. meets C. meeting D. meet4. _ standing outside the classroom alone because of being late, Bob didnt know what to do.【2019奉贤期中】 A. To be left B. Having leftC. Le

26、ftD. Leaving5. All flights _ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.【2019奉贤期中】 A. had been cancelled B. having been cancelled C. had cancelled D. having cancelled6. _ by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed.【2019南模期中】A. Asked B. Being asked C. Having asked D. To hav

27、e asked7. This is the only way that I can think of _ the problem of water waste in urban areas.【2019南模期中】A. setting B. to settle C. settle D. settled8. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion.【2020复兴高级期中】A. indicatinginterruptingB. indicatedinterruptingC. indicatinginterrupted

28、D. indicatedinterrupted9. _ , the thief hid himself under the bed without daring to make a sound.【2020复兴高级期中】A. Not caughtB. Not having caughtC. Not to be caughtD. Not being caught10. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.【2020复兴高级期中】A. to have inventedB. inventingC. to invent

29、D. having invented【答案】DCACB BBACA例2. 填空1. It is considered no good _ (recite) without understanding.2. To avoid _ (fire), you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit the company.3. The hall was so noisy that the speaker couldnt make himself _ (hear).4. Returning home, he foun

30、d the back door open and something _ (steal).5. Though _ (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.6. We will hold a meeting this afternoon because everyone finds these problems worth _ (discuss).7. He advised us _ (see) the film, which was produced by the world-famous director.8.

31、There is no point _ (argue) with those who stick to their own opinions.9. About ten Chinese students were reported _ (kill) in the earthquake in New Zealand.10. We cannot help but _ (wonder) what unknown greatness human beings have has not yet been discovered.11. _ (work) in the government for many

32、years, he becomes famous among the citizens.12. Once _ (lose), such a chance will never come again.13. It was his carelessness that led to him _ (fail) in the exam.14. A high-tech park is announced _ (build) in this area, but when the project will be put into practice has not been scheduled.15. Afte

33、r her success as a child actor, Taylor had no trouble _ (move) into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress.16. Mary left her coat _ (lie) in the train.17. _ (not prepare) for the coming examinations before, I have no time for the film.18. _ (compare) with their life in the past, ours is much bet

34、ter.19. The two prisoners of war came into the room, _ (follow) by two soldiers gun in hand.20. It has been proved that _ (eat) vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.【答案】1. reciting 2. being fired 3. heard 4. stolen 5. lacking 6. discussing 7. to see 8. a

35、rguing 9. to have been killed 10. wonder 11. Having worked 12. lost 13. failing 14. to be built 15. moving 16. lying 17. Not having prepared 18. Compared 19. followed 20. eating 一、填空1. _ (not take) a plane before, the old woman felt very sick.2. It was a beautiful morning, and I saw a _ (sing) bird

36、in the tree.3. When little Tom hurried to the classroom, he found many foreigners _ (seat) at the back of the room.4. Marys father was very happy because of her _ (give) a prize.5. Wet umbrellas are not allowed _ (take) into this hotel.6. The big tower _ (build) in the Tang dynasty is _ (repair) nex

37、t spring.7. The problem _ (relate) to popularize education in mountain areas is well worth _ (discuss).8. Id rather lose the game than _ (hurt) my opponents.9. Mr. Brown was made_ (give) up his teaching because of his poor health.10. I am exhausted. You cant imagine what difficulty I have _ (climb)

38、the steep hill.11. Professor Smith has his students _ (write) compositions every Friday.12. Can you imagine yourself _ (stay) on a lonely island for three years?13. Steven has devoted all his life to _ (make) films, and Kate, his wife, is also _ (devote) to the duty of her profession.14. The film yo

39、u saw last night was made _ (base) on a true story that happened many years ago.15. As we all know, newspapers, magazines and radios as well as television broadcasts can keep us _ (inform) of what is happening in the world.16. _ (compare) with yours, our library is of too small a size.17. The discov

40、ery of new evidence led to the thief _(catch).18. _ (allow) to travel abroad during the coming summer holidays makes Sara feel on top of the world.19. The long-lasting war, _ (fill) with blood and deaths, ended in peoples sadness, _ (reach) no result.20. We were told that the stone figure _ (date) b

41、ack to the 16th century was of great value.【答案】1. Not having taken 2. singing 3. seated 4. being given 5. to be taken 6. built, to be repaired 7. related, discussing 8. hurt 9. to give 10. climbing 11. write 12. staying 13. making, devoted 14. based 15. informed 16. Compared 17. being caught 18. Bei

42、ng allowed 19. filled, reaching 20. dating专题精选阅读理解A篇A篇阅读多以记叙文为主。记叙文又可分写人类和叙事类。写人文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。叙事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意文中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。文章结构有：顺序、倒叙、插叙及夹叙夹议。Reading Comprehension ADame Zaha Hadid, the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures le

43、ft a mark on skylines and imaginations around the world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age. She was not an average designer. She liberated architectural geometry(几何), giving it a whole new expressive identity. Geometry became, in her hands, a vehicle for unprecedented and ey

44、e-popping new spaces. Her buildings elevated uncertainty to an art, conveyed in the odd ways.Her work implying mobility, speed, freedom and uncertainty spoke to a worldview widely shared by a younger generation. “I am not European, I dont do conventional work and I am a woman, Strikingly Ms. Hadid n

45、ever allowed herself on her work to be categorized by her background or her gender. And she was one of a kind, a path breaker. In 2004, she became the first woman to win the Pritzker Prize, architectures Nobel.Zaha Hadid was born in Baghdad on October 31, 1950. Then in 1972, she arrived at the archi

46、tectural association in London, a center for experimental design. Her teachers included Elia Zenghelis and Rem Koolhaas. “They aroused my ambition,” she would recall, “and taught me to trust even my strangest instincts.” By the 1980s she had established her own practice in London. And she began to d

47、raw attention with an unrealized plan in 19821983 for the Peak Club. Her partner, Patrick Schumacher, played an instrumental and collaborative role in her career. Mr. Schumacher coined the term parametric(参数的) design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firms most weird concepts be

48、come reality. Ms. Hadid called what resulted in an organic language of architecture, based on these new tools, which allow us to combine highly complex forms into a fluid(流线的) and complete whole. Her sources were nature, history or whatever she sought useful. When her Rosenthal Center, a relatively

49、modest project, opened in 2003, Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic declared it “the most important American building to be completed since the end of the cold war”.“She was bigger than life, a force of nature,” as Amale Andraos, the dean of Columbia Universitys architecture school, put it, “s

50、he was a pioneer.”She was. For women, for what cities can desire to build and for the art of architecture.1. What features the structures designed by Zaha Hadid?A. Free architectural geometry. B. Conventional design. C. Odd imagination. D. Colorful patterns.2. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, which

51、of the following statement is TRUE?A. Zaha Hadid taught herself to trust instincts.B. The plan for the Peak Club hasnt been carried out.C. The architects gender influenced her work dramatically.D. Zaha Hadid was the first architect to win the Pritzker Prize.3. How did the computer-based approach mak

52、e a difference to Zaha Hadids work?A. It contributes to realizing the strange ideas.B. It simplifies the complex structure as a whole.C. It provides new tools to translate the language.D. It serves as an instrument to interpret the concepts.4. The purpose of the passage is to _.A. present Zaha Hadid

53、s life experienceB. praise Zaha Hadids inspiration and diligenceC. compare Zaha Hadids works in different timesD. show Zaha Hadids great contributions to architecture答案及解析： A B AD本文是记叙文。文章讲述了女性建筑家扎哈哈迪德对城市建筑所做出的贡献。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She liberated architectural geometry( 几何), giving it a whole new ex

54、pressive identity. Geometry became, in her hands, a vehicle for unprecedented and eye-popping new spaces.”可知，她解放了建筑几何学，赋予它一种全新的表现身份，几何学在她手中成为了一个前所未有的、令人瞠目结舌的新空间的载体。由此可知，扎哈哈迪德设计的结构特点是自由的建筑几何。故A项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And she began to draw attention with an unrealized plan in 19821983 for the Peak Clu

55、b.”可知，1982年至1983年，她为匹克俱乐部制定了一项未实现的计划，开始引起人们的注意。未实现的计划，也就是说她的匹克俱乐部的计划没有被实施。故B项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Mr. Schumacher coined the term parametric(参数的) design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firms most weird concepts become reality.”可知，舒马赫创造了“参数化设计”这个术语，以包括基于计算机的方法，这种方法帮助公司将最怪异的概

56、念变成了现实。由此可知，基于计算机的方法有助于实现扎哈哈迪德的奇怪的想法。故A项正确。【4题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Dame Zaha Hadid, the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures left a mark on skylines and imaginations around the world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age.”可知，英国建筑家扎哈哈迪德设计的高大的建筑在世界各地的天际线和想象中留下了印

57、记，并在这一过程中重塑了现代建筑。由此可知，本文主要介绍的就是扎哈哈迪德对建筑所做出的贡献，故D项正确。阅读理解B篇B篇阅读理解体裁一般为应用文；题目类型以细节题居多。应用文是在日常工作和生活中使用的文体，通常以实用性为目的、以真实性为基础、以时效性为根本、以规范性为准则。该文体一般可分为两大类：一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等；另一类是叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。目的都是向读者传输信息。1、文体特点1）选材特点信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。2）内容特点生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务

58、介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。3）形式特点标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。4）语言特点人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。5）命题特点主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。2、解题技巧1）先题后文先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。2）题干定向根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同对号入座；问题与原文相同同义替换、归纳事实等。3）生词模糊遇到生词，如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据

59、语境、构词法等猜词。4）信息补全对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。例1. 阅读B篇Directions: Read the following passage. It is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have j

60、ust read.【2020奉贤中学期中】(B)CommentsontheMarchIssueofReadersDigest40 Smart Ways to Save at the SupermarketYour caution not to fall for the sales reminded me of the days when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-brand vegetables. I priced them at t

61、en cents a can. I dont think we sold more than sis cans - until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone.EDWARD DECKERD, Perryville, MissouriBills Last, Best GiftTracy Grants article resonated (引起共鸣) deeply with me. Twe

62、lve years ago, my husband, Don, was found to have terminal brain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace. ANITA L

63、AWRENCE, Diego, CaliforniaTrapped Inside a GlacierReading about John Alls experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thoug

64、ht to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Readers Digest, stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most. SAM KIEFFER,Richardson, TexasDishes Professional Chefs Cook in the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters is cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Sw

65、itzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them alive. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane (人道的) practices instead of very cruel and violent ones. JANETTOOLE,Ph

66、oenixville, Pennsylvania60. What happened to Anita Lawrence after her husbands diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffers letter, what can we learn about Joh

67、n All?A. He is an expert in mountaineering.B. He wrote the article entitledTrapped Inside a Glacier.C. Few people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read inReaders Digest.62. In her letter, Janet Toole quoted two examples of Switzerla

68、nd and Italy in order to_.A. advise chefs to stop cooking live lobstersB. show how cruel it is to cook lobsters liveC. raise chefsawareness of protectanimalsD. share with readers these countries laws regarding cooking【答案】BCA阅读B篇Directions: Read the following passage. It is followed by several questi

69、ons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【2020行知中学期中】(B)Lets say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen? Consid

70、er putting the habit loop to use.Heres how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First, theres a cue, something that tells your brain to operate automatically. Then theres a routine. And finally, a reward, which helps your brain learn to desire the behavior. Its what you can use to create-or break-h

71、abits of your own. Heres how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick a rewardsay, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brain will start longing for t

72、he reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you wont need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?60. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HAB

73、IT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue. B. Form a new habit.C. Design a new resolution. D. Choose a new reward. 61. Whats the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Years resolution.D. To motiv

74、ate yourself with satisfactory rewards.62. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour.” What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C.

75、An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.【答案】DBA能力提升练一、翻译1. 广泛阅读是扩大词汇量的最有效途径之一。(enlarge)2. 为了保证游客安全，游客在九点之后不得进人公园。(admit)3. 无论多忙，我们都应该花点时间锻炼身体。(spend)4. 在我们获得比赛胜利之前就讨论如何庆祝有意义吗？(point)5. 当面对困难时，你越有信心，就越有可能摆脱困境。(likely)6. 错过了头班地铁，我们别无选择，只能等着下列车的到来。(but)【答案】1. Reading widely is one of the m

76、ost effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.2. To ensure the visitors/tourists safety, visitors/tourists are not allowed to be admitted to the park/parks after nine.3. No matter how busy we are, we should spend some time doing (physical) exercise.4. Is there any point (in) discussing how to celebra

77、te before we win the game?5. When faced with troubles, the more confident you are, the more likely you are to get rid of it.6. Having missed the earliest subway, we had no choice but to wait for the next train to come.二、十一选十Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each

78、word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. contrast B. unknown C. trapped D. responsibility E. willingness F. externalG. sense H. cease I. encounter J. indecisive K. passiveThere are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People hav

79、e generally viewed personal growth as a(n) _31_ result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new languageall these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their effor

80、ts.By _32_, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as we _33_ n

81、ew experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends. There are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a _34_ to take risks. And we are supposed to be ready to f

82、ace the _35_, and to accept the possibility that we may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we

83、 think were _36_ and shy? Then our _37_ of shyness can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think were slow to adapt to change or that were not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? If so, then we are likely to take a more _38_ rol

84、e or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. We will _39_ to grow, if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, and if we protect ourselves too much. We become _40_ inside a shell of our own ma

85、king.【答案】FAIEB JGKHC三、完型填空Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.【2020南汇期中】More Parents Shifting Careers to Achieve Work-life BalanceAs a television news host, Cyn

86、thia Demos schedule made her home life a challenge. Working nights and weekends meant she rarely put her 3-year-old son and 5-year-old daughter to bed, or spent Saturdays at the park. So, three years ago, Demos began testing the waters to see if operating her own business making marketing videos wou

87、ld create an option for more _41_ time.Last month, Demos took a leap. Instead of renegotiating her _42_, she left her job to take her venture to the next level building her own video production/media training company. Its a career shift on a path to work-life balance that more _43_ are making. New r

88、esearch shows the top reason why people leave their jobs is to _44_ opportunities with a better work-life balance. Those who make the _45_ say there almost always is a main cause, either work- or home-related. It could be a life-changing event like the birth of a child, or it could be a new demandin

89、g boss, change in job responsibilities, or too many missed milestone events. It might even be a more _46_ job offer.For Denie Harris, the main cause was the attraction of a better _47_ situation for a mom with young daughters. Harris had been marketing director for two companies in South Florida whe

90、n an opportunity came her way to hold a similar position at her daughters school. It was a decision that required _48_ all factors. The upside included seeing her children during the workday and sharing the same _49_ with them. The downside was leaving the corporate world and earning less. “Everythi

91、ng in life is a give-and-take,” Harris says. “For a mom, working at your childrens school is the best possible place to be.”In the _50_ to achieve work-life balance, working mothers having been “quitting” jobs for more than a decade, choosing to stay at home with their children when _51_ possible. B

92、ut today, both men and women are making job changes, choosing work options that better fit their _52_ lifestyle. The shift often means serious consideration of _53_, including salary, advancement and fulfillment.Doug Bartel, who left his job as a TV news producer more than a decade ago, says that wh

93、at working fathers often look for is predictability and control over their schedules. They are starting their own law firms or becoming self-employed consultants to gain that _54_.Big salaries arent necessarily the golden handcuffs (手铐) they used to be. With the traditional 40-hour workweek becoming

94、 out of date, a survey of nearly 9,700 full-time workers by the global firm of Ernst & Young found that most parents are willing to make _55_ and financial concessions (让步) for work-life balance. 41. A. balanceB. businessC. familyD. entertainment42. A. issueB. contractC. futureD. contribution43. A.

95、employersB. employeesC. childrenD. parents44. A. give upB. seek outC. act onD. substitute for45. A. changeB. mistakeC. differenceD. effort46. A. budget-friendlyB. female-friendlyC. family-friendlyD. business-friendly47. A. workB. livingC. securityD. education48. A. identifyingB. understandingC. desc

96、ribingD. weighing49. A. ideaB. feelingC. valueD. schedule50. A. struggleB. permissionC. decisionD. ability51. A. physicallyB. medicallyC. financiallyD. logically52. A. pastB. desiredC. interestingD. modern53. A. jobsB. hobbiesC. sacrificesD. partners54. A. powerB. supportC. skillD. control55. A. identityB. careerC. mentalD. considerate【答案】CBDBA CADDA CBCDB