上海市金山区张堰中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试卷 WORD版含答案.docx

1、2020-2021学年上海市金山区张堰中学高二下学期期中英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the gi

2、ven word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Albert Einstein completely changed scientific thought. After he (21)_ (develop) the Theory of Relativity, Einstein opened the door for the creation of the atomic bomb. Although Einstein was not famous in his lifetime, he later be

3、came (22)_ (famous) scientist of the 20th century.Although Einstein (23)_ (consider) the best example of genius, in the first two decades of his life, many people thought Einstein was the exact opposite. When Einstein didnt talk until was three years old, his parents worried something was wrong with

4、 him. Einstein also failed (24)_ (impress) his teachers. From elementary school through college, his teachers and professors thought him lazy, sloppy, and insubordinate (不屈服的). Many of his teachers thought he would never amount to anything.(25)_ appeared to be laziness in class was really boredom. R

5、ather than just memorizing facts and dates, Einstein preferred to consider questions such as what makes the needle of a compass point in one direction? Why is the sky blue? What would it be like to travel at the speed of light?Unfortunately for Einstein, these were not the types of topics he was tau

6、ght in school. (26)_ his excellent grades, Einstein found regular schooling to be strict and unfair. Things changed for Einstein when he (27)_ (treat) Max Talmud friendly, the 21-year-old medical student (28)_ ate dinner at the Einsteins once a week. (29)_ Einstein was only eleven years old, Max int

7、roduced Einstein to numerous science and philosophy books and then discussed their content with him. Einstein flourished in this learning environment and it wasnt long (30) _ Einstein surpassed (超过) what Max could teach him.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the b

8、ox. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. abstract B. altering C. constantly D. delicately E. intentional F. loweredG. packed H. reliability I. shaking J. tremble K. vitalIf women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to bla

9、me. Because they (31) _ at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it

10、, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe (32) _ full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the (33) _ creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Wom

11、en who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time (34) _ the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are (35) _ or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion design

12、ers are rarely concerned with (36) _ things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in hi

13、s life smiled at the sight of a woman (37) _ in a thin dress on a winter day, or (38) _ picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the (39) _ changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonder

14、s, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and (40) _? That is for you to decide.III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）Section ADirections: For ea

15、ch blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.Studies show that older people tend to remember the positive things in life rather than the negative things, while younger people remember the

16、 positive and negative equally well. The dominant psychological theory to explain this is that older people are aware of their limited time left, so they (41)_ positive emotional experiences. But about a decade ago, I worked with biologist Robert Trivers on his idea that there was a(n) (42)_ basis f

17、or older peoples increased positive outlook. Our research took us in the fascinating direction of exploring how the body (43)_ its energy.When our (44)_ needed more energy than usual, perhaps while being chased by a tiger, they had to get that energy from somewhere in the body. Could they borrow it

18、from the brain? That organ uses 20 percent of ourmetabolic output, whether we are solving math problems or watching television reruns. Due to this constant energy requirement, borrowing energy from the brain when our need (45)_ the available supply is not an option. Perhaps we could borrow energy fr

19、om our muscles. Because we use far more muscle energy when we are active than when at rest, (46)_, we could borrow energy when we are sitting. But the problem is that most of the energy-demanding emergencies of our ancestors (47)_ a muscular response. There was no way to borrow energy from our muscl

20、es during an emergency because relaxing when a tiger showed up was not a(n) (48)_ response. This brings us to our immune system, which, when (49)_, protects us from many illnesses and diseases. Like the brain, the immune system works at great metabolic cost, but largely in the (50)_ of keeping us he

21、althy in the future. We have an enormous number of immune cells coursing through our body, a(n) (51)_ break from production is fine. So, when our body needs extra energy, one of the places it goes is our immune function. When youre being chased by a tiger, you dont need to waste energy making immune

22、 cells to fight off tomorrows cold. What you need is to (52)_ all available energy resources to your legs, with the hope that you will live to experience another cough or sneeze.(53)_, our immune system evolved to run in maximum amounts when were happy, but to slow down dramatically when were not. W

23、ith this background in mind, Trivers supposed that older people evolved a strategy of turning this relationship on its head, becoming more (54)_ the positive things in life in an effort to enhance their immune functioning. This was helped along by their knowing much more about the world than younger

24、 adults, so they can deal with some of the (55)_ things in life more easily.41. A. switchB. energizeC. prioritizeD. undergo42. A. regularB. evolutionaryC. solidD. fundamental43. A. usesB. squeezesC. spreadsD. classifies44. A. bodiesB. generationsC. ancestorsD. seniors45. A. surpassesB. meets C. resp

25、ondsD. requires46. A. at random B. in principleC. at timesD. in case47. A. rejected. neglectedC. expectedD. required48. A. objectiveB. effectiveC. emergentD. negative49. A. vulnerableB. efficientC. defensiveD. strong50. A. serviceB. basisC. searchD. shift51. A. momentaryB. voluntaryC. energeticD. in

26、tensive52. A. submitB. activateC. shiftD. accumulate53. A. In the meantime B. On the contraryC. In the endD. As a result54. A. addicted toB. free ofC. focused onD. enthusiastic about55. A. emotional B. crucialC. unforgettable D. depressingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each

27、passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Math, Taught like FootballGrowing up,I thought math class was somethi

28、ng to be endured, not enjoyed.I disliked memorizing formulas and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. But my problem wasnt with math itself. In fact,I spent countless hours as a child doing logic and math puzzles on my own, and as a teenager, when a topic seemed particularly

29、interesting,I would go to the library and read more about it.By high school, none of my teachers questioned my mathematical talent, but none of them really encouraged it, either. No one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. M

30、y ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.The chances of that happening were very low. In high school,I was just an above-average athlete and my high school was not a feederschool for college sports programs.That didnt stop me from dreaming, though. And it didnt stop m

31、y coaches fom encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. It didnt matter thatI didnt initially attract much interest from the big schools. My coaches kept

32、picking up the phone, and kept convincing me to try to prove myself. In the end,a Big Ten school, Pennstate, did offer me a scholarship.A growing body of research shows that students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond o the passion of their teachers and th

33、e engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from spedific instructions, constant feedback and a culture of earning that encourages resilience in the face of failure.Until I got to college,I didnt really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as problem sets

34、and laborious computations. Then one day, one of my professors handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasnt easy, but it was fascinating.My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them. Before long, he was introducing me to problems that had never b

35、een solved before and urging me to find new techniques to help crack them.I am now a Ph.D. candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and I have published several papers in mathematical journals.I still feel that childlike excitement every time I complete a proof.I wish I

36、d known this was possible when I was a kid.56. Why did the writer think math class in schaol was something to be enduredbefore entering college?A. Because he wasnt interested in math.B. Because his math teachers didnt care to push him.C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.D. Becaus

37、e he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.57. According to the writer, students are affected by the following things fom teachers or coaches EXCEPT_.A. passionB. constant feedback C.a sense of purposeD. specific instructions 58. We can conclude that after entering college, the writer_.A. wa

38、s busy looking for problem sets to crack B. began to realize what mathematics really is C. met with laborious computations in his studies D. studied on his own just as he was in high school 59. What doesthisin the last sentence mean?A. Feeling the children excitement.B. Different mathematical resear

39、ch.C. Generating curiosity and creativity.D. Being a professional mathematician.(B)Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmenNow you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken Eng

40、lishHere are some advertisements about English language training from newspapersYou may find the information you need60. You work from 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. every day. Which school will you choose? AGlobal English Center and the International HouseBGlobal English Center and Modern Language SchoolCM

41、odern Language School and the 21stCentury DThe 21st Century and the International House61. The 21st Centuryis different from the other three schools in that _Aits teaching quality is betterBit requires an entrance examCits courses are more advancedDit is nearest to the city center62. You will probab

42、ly prefer to go to the International House because it _Aoffers sightseeing and social activities at low pricesBcosts less than the other schools Chas a special course in spoken English Dhas native English teacher（C）Press your fingers into the back of your head,just above your neck. If you feel a sma

43、ll bony bump, you may find evidence of human evolution:it could be your body responding to common smartphone use in the 21st century.According to a recent study,published in Scientific Reports,young people increasinglyhave bony bumps at the base of their skulls,right above the neck.Medical professio

44、nals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances(EEOPs,枕外隆突）。Australian health scientist David Shahar,author of the study,told the BBC that over thepast 10 years hes seen more and more patients with EEOPs. Together with other researchers from the University of the Sunshine Coast,Australia,th

45、ey examined 1,200 skull x-rays from people aged 18-30. They also measured the bumps and noted each persons posture.They found that one in four people had developed these growths. This led to their theory that smartphones are the cause.According to their research,looking down at our phones adds stres

46、s onto the top of ourspines(脊柱）。 To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bump to help reduce the extra stress.Most of the EEOPs measured just a few millimeters. However,several subjects were found with EEOPs as large as 30 mm.In his report,Shahar said the results “

47、highlightedthe need for intervention. In other words, we need to change our posture while using our phones.Many people assume our bones are solid and unmoving once we reach adulthood. In reality, they are alive and covered with blood vessels, which allows them to develop in unique ways for each pers

48、on.Aside from EEOPs, other noticeable recent changes in human bodies include shrinkingjaws, narrower elbows and generally smaller skeletons(骨骼）。The human body is adapting to modern life, so who knows what people in the future might look like?63.What did the recent study find about EEOPs?A. They grow

49、 on ones neck.B.They may stop growing when you reach 30.C.They could lead to many health problems.D. They increasingly occur among young people.64.What is the main cause of EEOPs?A.Gene problems.B. Aging bone layers.C. Cellphone use.D .Extra stress.65. Which of the following would Shahar probably ag

50、ree with?A.EEOPs increase the stress on our spines.B.EEOPs are actually beneficial to our spines.C.Young peoples bones adapt in similar ways.D.Young people should exercise to improve their posture.66.Whats the main purpose of the text?A.To persuade readers to protect their spines.B.To recommend some

51、 healthy habits of using phones.C. To explain why human bodies develop EEOPs.D. To show some recent changes in human bodies. Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more

52、sentences than you need.A. You can email them about campus life.B. Firstly,choose some colleges youd like to go.C. There is no college that is wonderful for everyone.D. The following is something you may need to know about.E. So dont believe in what others tell you without any research by yourself.F

53、. Try hard to keep an open mind as you research the hundreds of colleges in the US.The more you know about how colleges in the United States choose their students,thebetter chance you will have of getting in. If you understand how to evaluate yourself,how to research schools,and how to see differenc

54、es between one college and another,your chances will be very good. 67_You will be choosing 10 or 12 colleges that you must get to know very well.You can read about them,research them online,and find other Chinese students at the school 68_Find the email address of the admissions office on the colleg

55、e website and ask for the names and email addresses of other Chinese students.69_ The more you learn what a particular college is like,even if you havenever heard of it before,the more informed choices you will be able to make.That means collecting information from many sources. Its easy to believe

56、what others say,things likeSomeone told me that Colorado College is too small, and “Someone told me that Michigan is too big.The truth is that every college has something for someone.70_Not even the Ivy League schools! Just because you have heard the name of a college does not mean it will be a good

57、 place for you. Just because you have not heard the name of a college does not mean that you will not like it.Look only at four-year,accredited(鉴定合格的），residential colleges where at least 75percent of the students live on campus. You must apply to some that are easier to get into than others.The typi

58、cal residential college of 2,000 students feels different from a state university of 20,000 students. Most colleges of 2,000 are communities where everyone gets to know each other,and professors spend a lot of time with the students.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize

59、 the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are you a textaholic?Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends?Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message?Are you m

60、oody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone?Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much?If you answered Yes to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is

61、addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状) if messages fail to come in, lending to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye s

62、train,and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to bec

63、ome the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young.So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic?The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasiona

64、lly when you go out, Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family,and make time to re-learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover th

65、e pleasure of true communication.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这档节目是否办下去取决于观众的态度。（depend）73. 人们经常把米其林(Michelin)星级餐厅与精致的事物,优质的服务联系在一起。（associate）74. 这名有伤的运动员不顾伤势加重的风险，依然决定参加比赛。（regardless）75. 中国人民如此注重生活水平的提高，很多人已将电瓶

66、车换上了小汽车。（So）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit” 的英语演讲比赛，请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一件事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神； 2. 你获得的启发及感受。【答案】语法填空21. developing22. the most famous2

67、3. is considered24. to impress25. What26. Despite27. treated28. who29. Although30. before十一选十31-35 JGEBF 36-40 KIDCH完形填空41-45 CBACA 46-50 BDBCA 51-55 ACDCD阅读理解5659 BCBD 60-62 ABC 63-66 D C D C 67-70 D A C E概要写作Textaholics are those who cant live without text messages, without which health problem ma

68、y arise physically and mentally. The problem is caused by mental trouble a person has in life. To solve it, one should try to live a balanced life, getting isolated from the mobile phone and having more personal communication with famly and friends.翻译72. Whether the show will continue depends on the

69、 attitude of the audience. 73. Michelin-starred restaurants are often associated with fine food and excellent service.74.The injured athlete decided to take part in the race regardless of the risk of further injury. 75. So much do the Chinese people pay attention to the improvement of their living s

70、tandards that many people have replaced their electric cars with cars.【参考范文】Ladies and gentlemen, Good morning! I am Li Hua from Mingqi Middle School. Its my great honor to be here and say something about Chinese Spirit. Broad as it is, being preserving is one aspect of the spirit that struck me the

71、 most when the news came that the Chinese Women Volleyball Team claimed the World Cup title this September.The team has successfully defended its World Cup crown with 11 straight victories, winning great honors for our country and the Chinese people. No matter how strong their counterparts were and

72、how slim the chances were, the players didnt fear any opponents and kept fighting hard until the last minute, demonstrating the never-say-die-spirit to the extreme.What inspires me most is how important perseverance is in the face of adversity, which is far from being uncommon in our daily life. Tak

73、e me for example, even encountering minor difficulties like failure to work out a maths problem would make me feel depressed and want to give up. However, the message that the Chinese Women Volleyball Team delivered to me is that going one more step further before surrender gradually paves the way to success and that we should always carry on until we succeed. Thanks to the values the team has conveyed in their competitions, I think we teenagers should also be persevered in our study whatever difficulties we may meet in the future.Thank you for listening