专项04 复合句之定语从句 -备战2022年中考英语语法专项讲练复习.docx

1、 复合句之定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或某一句子起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。He said he couldnt understand people who talked fast.他说他听不懂那些说话快的人。I like the books that I can understand.我喜欢我能看懂的书。上面两句中的 people和books是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that， which，who(宾格whom，所有格 whose)和关系副词where，when，why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用

2、，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。考点三 定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或某一句子起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。He said he couldnt understand people who talked fast.他说他听不懂那些说话快的人。I like the books that I can understand.我喜欢我能看懂的书。上面两句中的 people和books是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that， which，who(宾格whom，所有格 whose)和关系副词where，when，why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行

3、词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。 1.关系代词的用法(1)定语从句中关系代词用that不用 which的情况:1)当先行词中既有物又有人的时候。I cant forget he people and the place that I know well.我不能忘记我所熟悉的人和地方。2)当先行词被 the last, the very或the only 修饰时。This is the very pen that I am looking for. i这正是我正在找的钢笔。The only book that I want to read is missing.我唯一想

4、看的书不见了。3)当先行词有序数词或最高级修饰时。You are the first person that I want to see.你是我想要见的第一个人。This is the best book that I can find.这是我能找到的最好的一本书。4)当先行词被all，every，no等修饰时。I want to read all books that were written by Lu Xun.我想读所有鲁迅写的书。5)当先行词为 anything，everything, nothing等时。Everything that we have seen in China is

5、 moving.我们在中国看见的事情件件感人。I have nothing that is worth reading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。2.关系副词的用法1）关系词：when 作用：状语 先行词：时间 例句：I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。2）关系词：where 作用：状语 先行词：地点例句：This is the school where my mother works. 这就是我妈妈工作的那个学校。 3）关系词：why 作用：状语 先行词：原因例句： Could you explai

6、n the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 1)when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如I still remember the year when you graduated School from No 8 Middle school.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年。2）why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的 reason一词。如:We dont know the reason why he was late for school.我们不知道他为什么上学迟到。3）where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语、如：Th

7、at is the school where I studied three years ago.那是我三年前就读的学校。 精炼版：定语从句讲练一 懂概念1. 定语：修饰名词，代词或某一句子例子：The man in the park is Mr Li. in the park作定语2. 从句：有标志，引导词+陈述语序 主句：很普通3. 引导词：where，why ，when，that， which.4. 陈述语序: 主语在前+谓语在后5. 定语从句：一个句子作定语例子：I like the books that I can understand.6.先行词：在定语从句之前，被修饰的词二学考点

8、：引导词的选择1.关系代词：从句成分不完整，填关系代词. _ love you. 缺少成分，填代词如I.2.关系副词：从句成分完整，填关系副词.When:那会，修饰时间名词Where:在哪里，修饰地点名词例子：I still remember the day when I was young. 从句完整，填关系副词。I still remember the farm where we played together. 从句完整，填关系副词.3. 判断从句是否完整：1） 当谓语动词是及物动词时，主谓宾齐全才完整；例如：I love you. Love后必须加名词才完整。2） 当谓语动词是不及物动

9、词时，主谓齐全就完整；例如：I cried. 不加名词就完整。 即时练习：1. (2017河南,33)I hate the dogs _ live in the next house.They make loud noises all night.A. who B. that C. what D. whom解析：正确答案是 B从句缺少成分，横线上应填关系代词；先行词是the dogs，指物，应用关系代词that或者which,综上所述选择that。2. (2017福建, 34)-Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV?-Sur

10、e. Its a great TV programme _ brings the habit of reading back into the public.A. who B. that C. what解析：正确答案是 B从句缺少成分，横线上应填关系代词；先行词是TV programme，指物，应用关系代词that或者which,综上所述选择that。3. (2017湖北黄网,38)- Have you heard of Hansel and Gretel?-Yes. Hansel is a smart boy_ often comes up with a good idea.A. who B

11、. whom C. where D. which解析：正确答案是 A从句缺少成分，横线上应填关系代词；先行词是 boy，指人，应用关系代词who,综上所述选择who。4. (2016河南,32,) Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience _ people cannot get at home.A. that B. who C. whom D. what解析：正确答案是 A从句缺少成分，横线上应填关系代词；先行词是 movie experience，指物，应用关系代词that或者whic

12、h,综上所述选择that。5. I still remember the college and the teachers_I visited in London years ago.A. what B. who C. that D. which 解析：正确答案是 C从句缺少成分，横线上应填关系代词；先行词是the college and the teachers，又指人又指物，这时只能用应用关系代词that,综上所述选择that。6. She is the girl _ invention got the first prize in the school competition .Awho Bthat Cwhich D. whose解析：正确答案是 Dinvention和 girl是所属关系，女孩的发明，这里应填whose。