专题04 阅读理解之议论文10篇（第三期）-2023高考英语名校模拟真题速递（新高考专用）.docx

1、2023高考英语名校模拟真题速递（新高考专用）第三期专题04 阅读理解之议论文10篇（2023河北保定统考一模）The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.Nature provides the starting point for an organism

2、 that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organisms life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). For the Geneticists, they believe that our lives are entirely determined by genetics,

3、which is nature. An opposing view is that there is no indication that genes (基因) determines ones personality, rather there is growing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factor in personality development.Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after bi

4、rth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.The argument of nature and nurture as to which is more important is necessitated by an attempt to diffe

5、rentiate how much effect genetics has on a persons development against how easily humans are influenced by ones environment.While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of ones personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The

6、 impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance. Even without n

7、urture, the nature impact can still stand independently without necessarily causing destruction. More so, even when the nurture impact is successfully effected, it does not remove the genetic characteristics of a person. It therefore stands correctly that nature is that which determines the substanc

8、e of a person.1What can we learn from Paragraph 2?ANatures role is supported by additional evidence.BPersonality development is determined by nurture.CNature impacts gene expression in later generation.DEnvironment shapes personality more than genetics.2What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AWhat

9、nurture means to human beings.BHow living things develop after birth.CHow nurture shapes human development.DHow surroundings influence human beings.3How does the author stress the greater importance of nature?ABy giving examples.BBy making contrast.CBy conducting experiments.DBy citing research data

10、.4What is the best title for the text?AA Long Story of Nature and NurtureBA New Research on Nature and NurtureCWho Can Tell What Makes Who We Are?DWhich Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?（2023辽宁鞍山统考二模）We have long been attracted by quick solutions that could increase our intelligence. Today, peop

11、les hopes lie in brain training apps, some of which claim to result in “smarter minds”. But is this quick solution all it is said to be? There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memory tests and logi

12、c and pattern-matching problems into quick games. Some apps tell us that the more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get. It is really a big promise. Many of the apps say they are based on “science”, a claim I found surprising as a former neuroscientist (神经系统科学家). The concept that incre

13、asing intelligence would be as simple as practicing a few mini-games every day flies in the face of what we have discovered about how humans think and learn. After surveying thousands of users across a wide variety of apps, researchers at Western University in Canada discovered that brain training h

14、ad no great effect on cognitive (认知的) functioning in the real world. The positive effects that have been found are limited to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit

15、 to other skills. If you are expecting them to improve your ability to write a novel or make a complex computer program, I am afraid you will want to look elsewhere. Puzzle video games such as “Baba Is You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentrati

16、on in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game.5What does the author say about brain training apps?AThey have scientific support.BThey work in the form of games.CThey require problem-solving skills.DThey are based on complex arithmetic.6What does the underlined part “flies in the fac

17、e of” in paragraph 3 mean?AGoes into details of.BTakes advantage of.CGoes against.DComes from.7Which best describes the effects that brain training apps have on memory?ALimited.BIndirect.CDamaging.DFar-reaching.8What is the authors attitude to “Baba Is You”?ADoubtful.BIntolerant.CUninterested.DFavor

18、able.（2023辽宁校联考模拟预测）Libraries have existed for nearly as long as humans have had written languages. They have been esteemed (受尊敬的) places of learning and comprehensive repositories (储藏室) of human knowledge, history, and ideas. Written materials from all over the civilized world have been collected a

19、nd preserved in libraries and without them much of what was known to ancient peoples would have been lost in the moden world.Open societies especially like the free exchange of ideas and informationall ideas, not just those that are socially acceptable at a particular point in time and all opinions,

20、 no just mainstream ones.Our public libraries need to be places that broaden our perspectives and stretch our minds and imaginations. Theres no reason to ban any books from the general public. Thats not to say all books are appropriate for all age groups. But its easy enough to limit access of the v

21、ery young to “adult” literature without preventing mature readers from a full range of materials.Private libraries may sometimes regard certain topics as too offensive (冒犯的) or objectionable to include in their collection. And elementary school libraries should probably not include books that would

22、be inappropriate for young children on their bookshelves. All libraries have to be selective, due to limited budgets, and space and age are always considered in acquisition (购置) decisions. But this is very different from actually banning specific titles.And who is to decide what is acceptable and wh

23、at is not? Should we get rid of all materials that are unconventional, that challenge the present situation, or that make anyone uncomfortable? Should we restrict all materials in public libraries to what is inoffensive to the most sensitive members of society or to what overprotective parents belie

24、ve will not disturb young children?Open societies, as they say, are messy. The Harry Potter novels may be the greatest childrens books ever written. Howard Zinns A Peoples History of the United States may be a publication of nations rich history, but sometimes brutal history to some else, especially

25、 those ever hurt by the country. Anyway, libraries exist to preserve all human thoughts and recorded experience.9Which of the following does the author most probably agree with?AAll books are suitable for all age groups.BIts a right decision to ban some bad books.CMany young readers have become matu

26、re ones.DIdeas which are not the mainstream should be accepted.10What can we learn from the text?AThe libraries should be child-friendly.BSome libraries have their unique needs.CPublic libraries are better than private ones.DLibraries should get rid of conventional materials.11What does the underlin

27、ed word “brutal” in the last paragraph probably mean?ACruel.BStrange.CUnfamiliar.DImportant.12What does the text mainly talk about?AThe history of libraries around the world.BThe classification of books in libraries.CWhether some books should be banned in libraries.DThe differences between public an

28、d private libraries.（2023湖北武汉统考三模）Online grocery delivery has skyrocketed (飞涨) all over the world. Since COVID-19 cases have been declining, new companies such as Zapp, GoPuff, or Getir have entered the grocery delivery market with a mission to permanently change consumer habits. These rapid grocery

29、 delivery services make a novel promise: Groceries can be delivered within minutes to your door. This option sounds great to busy parents who cannot leave their children alone to pop into the store or people who have guests and urgently need a few extra beers without leaving the house. However, shop

30、pers should watch out for the allure (诱惑) of rapid delivery whenever possible. While a one-time rapid delivery is certainly harmless for the shopper and the whole market, repeatedly using such services will ultimately harm grocery shops and corner shops. So far, rapid delivery companies have been ba

31、cked by capital fund (资金) to finance their costs，but they need to be profitable in the long run to survive. So they will push up prices and gradually cancel promotions once their capital funding has dried up. Last week, a delivery company was reported to have shut down after running out of cash, lea

32、ving its workers jobless. We should think about the serious outcome that may come up, such as much less lively cities that miss the small shops and delivery workers who face tight deadlines and little job security. As consumers,we often think that our daily decisions are harmless. Just as one doughn

33、ut (甜甜圈) doesnt compromise our healthy diet and one skipped workout doesnt affect our fitness,one rapid delivery will not harm the little shops that make our neighborhood lively. Research shows that consumers who perform a behavior regularly for about six weeks have created a habit. So ordering rapi

34、d delivery every day will hurt our neighborhoods and make us poorer once prices increase. Thus, approach the rapid delivery option as you would refuse to accept any other allure. Be careful not to create a habit that you might later come to regret.13What makes rapid grocery delivery appealing to con

35、sumers?ASaving time and energy.BAvoiding disease exposure.CFollowing the global trend.DBuying highly desirable goods.14What consequence may the massive growth of rapid delivery have?AJob market will be less completive.BDelivery services will make more profits.CLocal commercial business will be promo

36、ted.DSmall shops and delivery workers will be hurt.15What is the function of paragraph 3?ATo explain the harm of bad habits.BTo make the argument more persuasive.CTo add some background information.DTo stress the value of decision-making.16Whats the best title for the text?ADelivery companies will c

37、hange how we shopBHow can we manage to avoid being cheated online?CShoppers should try to resist the allure of rapid deliveryDHow do grocery delivery companies affect small stores?（2023山东泰安统考一模）Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employee

38、s from working well. One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours a year in the U.S. alone.Many meetings occur without a specific reason. Another motive for meetings is what s

39、ome scholars call the Mere Urgency effect, in which we engage in tasks such as a meeting where each person recites what theyre working on, whether others need that information or not to help us feel like we are accomplishing something actual.But the real problem with meetings is not lack of producti

40、vity its unhappiness. When meetings are a waste of time, job satisfaction declines. And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls. Thus, for a large population, eliminating meetings or at least minimizing them is one of the most straightforward ways to increase well-being.Nobody lik

41、es excessive and unproductive meetings. First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of meetings, after which you are exhausted and havent accomplished much. Second, people tend to engage in “surface acting” (faking emotions that are deemed appropriate) during work mee

42、tings. Finally, researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the participants. If you are asking yourself, “Why am I here?” you are not likely to think that the meeting is a good use of your time which is obviously bad for your work satisfacti

43、on.Taken together, the research on meetings shows that if you want to be happier at work (or want your employees to be happier), you should fight against the time-consuming, unproductive meetings at every opportunity. If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a

44、necessary evil. They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable, and should thus be used as little as possible for the sake of productivity and happiness.17Why does the author mention the survey in Para 1?ATo explain the su

45、rvey.BTo introduce the topic.CTo stress the importance of meeting.DTo state the disadvantage of meeting.18Which of the following best explains “eliminating” underlined in Para 3?AReducing.BHosting.CIncreasing.DAvoiding.19What is mainly talked about in Para 4?AHow to increase peoples job satisfaction

46、.BThe importance and necessity of minimizing meetings.CWhy excessive and unproductive meetings lower job satisfaction.DActive involvement by the participants indicates meeting effectiveness.20Which is the most suitable title for the text?AWork meetings A necessary evilBWork meetings The less, the be

47、tterCWork meetings The more, the betterDWork meetings Excessive and unproductive（2023湖南校联考一模）We have long been attracted by quick fixes that could increase our intelligence. Today, peoples hopes lie in brain training apps, some of which claim to result in “smarter minds”. But is this quick fix all i

48、t is said to be?There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术)，memory tests and logic and pattern-matching problems into quick games. The more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get-or so some

49、apps tell us. It is really a big promise.Many of the apps say they are beaked by “science”, a claim I found surprising as a former neuroscientist. The concept that increasing intelligence would be as simple as practicing a few mini-games every day flies in the face of what we have discovered about h

50、ow humans think and learn.After surveying a diverse spread of thousands of users across a wide variety of apps, researchers at Western University in Canada discovered that “brain training has no appreciable effect on cognitive (认知的) functioning in the “real world”，even after extensive training perio

51、ds”. The positive effects that have been found are restricted to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills.If you are expecting them to improve your ab

52、ility to write a novel or construct a complex spreadsheet. I am afraid you will want to look elsewhere.Puzzle video games such as “Baba Is You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentration in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game.

53、21What does the author say about brain training apps?AThey have scientific support.BThey work in the form of games.CThey require problem-solving skills.DThey are based on complex arithmetic.22What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in paragraph 3 mean?AAgrees with.BTakes advantage of.CG

54、oes against.DComes from.23Which best describes the effects that brain training apps have on memory?ALimited.BIndirect.CDamaging.DFar-reaching24What is the authors attitude to “Baba Is You”?ADoubtful.BIntolerant.CUninterested.DFavorable.（2023江西抚州金溪一中校联考一模）On TikTok, “#Selfcare” has 28.2 billion views

55、, while the hashtag (主题标签) can be found on over 66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care often top many people s shopping lists.On the surface, it makes complete sense. Who wouldnt like the idea of making oneself feel better and taking care of their mind, body and soul? Yet, we have t

56、o be careful not to view self-care as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care pursued without awareness of your specific needs and consistent evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical consequences.According to Zishan Khan, a psychologist with Mindpath Health, self-care ca

57、n lead to a person becoming overwhelmed (不知所措的) when met with a sea of advice, emerging everywhere from podcasts to self-help books. “So dont allow what others suggest to cloud your internal voice,” says Khan. “Self-care can only benefit a person if its consistent with their goals and values.”Khan f

58、urther emphasizes the danger of unregulated physically-centered self-care advice, such as from influencers. “Their content often overly focuses on beauty and improving ones looks. This can unintentionally lead to body image concerns and thus actually worsen ones mental health,” she says.Another dang

59、er can come when self-care actions reach the level of obsession or addiction, says Melissa Boudin, a psychologist of Choosing Therapy. “When you spend a large amount of time thinking about or practising a certain self-care behavior, this may be a sign that self-care has gone from beneficial to harmf

60、ul,” she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as to develop an eating disorder.Lena Suarez-Angelino, a licensed clinical social worker, recommends creating a list of activities that make you feel better but dont overextend you. Worthwhile and beneficial s

61、elf-care may include anything from time with loved ones to walking. If you cant really afford to buy dinner for the fifth time this week, thats not it.25What does paragraph 1 mainly suggest?ASelf-care pursuit needs restricting.BOnline interaction becomes popular.CAwareness of personal needs matters.

62、DPeople attach much attention to self-care.26What can do harm to the self-care practice in Zishan Khans opinion?ABeing open to new self-care ideas.BAlways keeping your goals in mind.CTaking up too many responsibilities.DCaring too much about others advice.27Why does Melissa Boudin mention the exampl

63、e about eating in paragraph 5?ATo prove addiction to self-care actions can be harmful.BTo warn physically-centered self-care advice is useless.CTo show how to make yourself feel better in a right way.DTo tell the reason for peoples worry about others views.28What is the authors purpose in writing th

64、e text?ATo introduce the dangers of self-care advice.BTo encourage us to read more self-help books.CTo remind us to be cautious to pursue self-care.DTo discuss some ways to make ourselves better.（2023福建漳州统考三模）This month, the Internet was flooded with wonderful digital art portraits, thanks to the wo

65、rk of the latest artificial intelligence-assisted application to go viral: Lensa. Users uploaded their photographs to the App and thenfor a small feeit used AI to transform their profile pictures into, say, a magical warrior princess version of themselves, in no time at all.This year has seen a brea

66、kthrough for AI-driven image generators, which are now better than ever in quality, speed and affordability. If that sounds great to you, you might not be one of the millions of humans whose livelihoods depend on being able to exchange those skills for money.Some artists predicted that a computer wo

67、uld recreate the aura of a masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci in the near future. As long as there are enough data for the AI to train itself, it can copy numerous masterpieces just in several minutes. It seems unavoidable that a large number of artists would lose their jobs.“I see it less as a threat

68、 and more of an opportunity,” the UK-based illustrator Michelle Thompson said, adding, “Like everything else, there will always be artists who can use the tools better.”These tools are only as good as the data sets they are trained on. Human imagination, on the other hand, has no limit. For Dryhurst

69、, an artist from Germany, AI models “could attempt to make a pale version of something we did years ago”, but that “doesnt account for what we might do next”.The kind of artificial intelligence we might imagine replacing artistsan entirely autonomous creative robotdoes not yet exist, but it is comin

70、g. And as AI becomes more universal, artists, illustrators and designers will ultimately be set apart not by if, but by how, they use the technology.29Why does the author mention Lensa in Paragraph 1?ATo recommend the new App.BTo inform latest news.CTo lead in the AI topic.DTo introduce its new func

71、tion.30What is Michelle Thompsons attitude towards AI?AConcerned.BFavorable.CUnclear.DCritical.31What might be a weakness of AI in creating art works?AAccuracy.BDiversity.CCreativity.DEfficiency.32Which can be the best title for the text?AIs AI coming into our daily life?BCan AI copy masterpieces of

72、 great artists?CShall we welcome new AI technology?DWill AI replace artists in the future?（2023广东汕头统考一模）“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for. ” This is dedicated to my first

73、-year self four years ago, who was addicted to getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer. Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your c

74、lasses, and took it away when you didnt. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. As an international student, I sometimes felt our parents didnt quite understand the heavy academic weight.There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply p

75、utting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all strive to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been always wired to follow the latter. I used to believe school killed the creative spirit inside all of us, but as I get o

76、lder and further into my academic career, I find that it is we who make the choice to kill that creative spirit. I am definitely not saying that you should throw your GPA out of the window and go painting all day. However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to sha

77、pe our lives. Take some classes on topics that youre genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. And most of all, accept the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life. I promise

78、 you, when you look back at these four years, you will not remember the good grades or the bad grades, but you will hold in your memory the connections you made with people, the things that inspired you to create and the times you learned something special. And so I ask you now, what do you want to

79、get out of college?33Who is the author of the passage?AA professor.BA freshman.CA parent.DA graduate.34What did the authors parents stress most on his college life?ASeeking happiness.BGetting good grades.CBuilding self-worth.DDeveloping various interests.35What is bettering ourselves for according t

80、o the author?ATo be a better self.BTo realize our dreams.CTo push our boundaries.DTo live up to others expectations.36Which of the following may the author probably agree with?AAcademic growth helps to promote creativity.BStudents themselves have a say in their hobbies.CFailures can be avoided with

81、more efforts put in.DSchool is to blame for killing students creativity.（2023山西校联考模拟预测）Math and music are two entirely different fields of study, but there is a strong relevance between them. At some point, they tend to overlap, and it is common for people good at math to be good at music. It may se

82、em illogical to compare the two, but there are more similarities between math and music than you would imagine.Numbers can tell us more about music. Sounds strange but its true. Music is divided into sections that are called measures, where each measure has equal amounts of beats. This is comparable

83、 to mathematical divisions of time. Now, each piece of music will tell us how many beats there are in each measure. All the music notes have numerical connections and a number of beats. It is important to understand the value of fractions (分数) and notes to count the music correctly.The biggest simil

84、arity between math and music in pattern. For example, music has repeating choruses while math uses patterns to explain the unknown. You can use different mathematical phenomena in music. These include geometry (几何学), signal processing, etc. In fact, research has shown that when music shows some math

85、ematical structure, it tends to be more popular.In addition to their shared elements, math and music can be taught using the principles of both. A student who enjoys math and music can benefit from both. For example, music can enhance cognition and reasoning skills. For instance, Einstein listened t

86、o music when solving math problems to increase clarity. Similarly, playing music can improve cognition, as it increases communication between the two brains.Music is a gateway to many things, and until now, you probably didnt realize that its just as demanding, analytical, logical and scientific as

87、math. Something as simple as learning “Mary Had a Little Lamb” on the piano is actually setting your child up for bigger and better things; maybe theyll pick up Pythagoras (毕达哥拉斯) in a flash, maybe theyll be a genius in math, perhaps theyll one day discover their own theory of relativity.37What does

88、 the author think about math and music?AMath and music are deeply intertwined.BMusic is a totally different subject from math.CIt sounds reasonable to compare math and music.DPeople expert at math all tend to be music lovers.38Whats mainly about the paragraph 2?AMeasure is a piece of music.BMath hel

89、ps in reading music.CMusic sound appears strange.DMusic beats equal to math numbers.39What statement will the author probably agree with?APatterns are common in both math and music.BCertain music skills are practised via choruses.CMusic principle seems easier than mathematics.DReasoning skills in ma

90、th chiefly rely on music.40What message does the last paragraph convey?AMusical involvement promotes to be a genius.BMusic allows kids to combine math with piano.CMusic offers kids potential success in mathematics.DMusic may enhance the mathematics skills of all kids.参考答案：1C2A3B4D【导语】本文是一篇议论文。先天和后天这

91、两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。1细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organisms life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes

92、in offspring (后代). (在有机体的一生中，先天为有机体提供了与滋养、环境相互作用的起点。先天不仅会影响一个生物体的一生，还会直接影响其后代的基因表达)”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C。2主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, educ

93、ation, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.(后天指的是生物出生后生长发育的条件。当应用于人类时，它指的是一个人是如何成长的，包括营养、教育、照顾，以及环境的类型，如文化影响、家庭和朋友)”可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A。3推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of ones personalit

94、y, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and t

95、he basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance.(不可否认，后天培养在一个人的个性成长和发展中起着一定的作用，但先天的作用远远超过后天培养，因为先天可以被比作基础。后天对人的发展的影响是不能完全否认的。然而，先天被认为是最重要的，因为它提供了一个机会，创造了一个基础，为后天问题的出现提供了基础)”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B。4主旨大意题。根据第一段“The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison

96、 since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.(先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。争论的核心问题是，究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们)”及下文论述可知，文章主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。由此可知，Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?(先天和后天，哪个更重要？)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。5B6C7A8D【导语】本

97、文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了大脑训练应用程序在提高认知能力和智力方面的有效性，说明了虽然这些应用程序可以提高一些特定技能，例如算术和记忆能力，但对其他技能的益处有限，并且它们的整体有效性是值得怀疑的。作者还建议，解谜视频游戏可能提供了一种更复杂和有效的训练认知能力的方式。5细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memory te

98、sts and logic and pattern-matching problems into quick games. (有很多大脑训练应用程序，但它们都有相后的特点：它们将简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑和模式匹配问题等心理练习变成了快速游戏。)”可知，脑力训练应用程序的共同点是：把简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑匹配等脑力练习变成了快速游戏，它们以游戏的形式发挥作用。故选B项。6短语猜测题。根据第二段中“Some apps tell us that the more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get. It is really

99、a big promise. (一些应用程序告诉我们，你玩这些迷你游戏越多，你就会变得越聪明。这真的是一个很大的承诺。)”可知，作者认为靠玩游戏变聪明是一个很大的承诺。结合第四段中“The positive effects that have been found are limited to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmeti

100、c, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，通过玩游戏进行的脑力训练对认知功能等其他技能没有好处，故可知这一很大的承诺并不能达成。因此，可推测作者认为脑力训练的理念违背了人类思考和学习的原理，并未达到预期效果。故可推测短语flies in the face of 意为“与相反”故选C项。7推理判断题。根据第四段“The positive effects that have been found are limite

101、d to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，已知的脑力训练的积极影响仅限于非常特定的一些小游戏和训练任务

102、，但对其他技能几乎没有好处。由此推知，脑力训练对记忆力的提高具有局限性。故选A项。8推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Puzzle video games such as “Baba Is You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentration in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game. (益智电子游戏，如“Baba Is You”和“Return of the Obra Din

103、n”使玩家能够以比任何脑力训练迷你游戏复杂得多的方式运用他们的逻辑、记忆和注意力技巧。)”可知，作者认为“Baba Is You”和“Return of the Obra Dinn”这类益智游戏更能激发玩家在逻辑、记忆和注意力方面的能力，其复杂程度远超过任何脑力训练小游戏。由此推知，作者是对“Baba ls You”这类益智游戏持赞成态度。故选D项。9D10B11A12C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了图书馆的资料是否应该限制在对社会上最敏感的人无害的范围内，还是限制在过度保护的父母认为不会打扰幼儿的范围内。9推理判断题。根据第二段“Open societies especially li

104、ke the free exchange of ideas and informationall ideas, not just those that are socially acceptable at a particular point in time and all opinions, no just mainstream ones.(开放的社会尤其喜欢思想和信息的自由交流所有的思想，而不仅仅是那些在特定时间点被社会接受的思想，和所有的观点，也不仅仅只是主流思想)”可知，作者认为所有的思想和观点都应该存在与开放的社会中，最可能同意的观点是非主流的思想应该被接受。故选D。10细节理解题。

105、根据第三段“Our public libraries need to be places that broaden our perspectives and stretch our minds and imaginations. Theres no reason to ban any books from the general public.(我们的公共图书馆需要成为拓宽我们视野、拓展我们思维和想象力的地方。没有理由禁止公众阅读任何书籍)”以及第四段“Private libraries may sometimes regard certain topics as too offensive

106、or objectionable to include in their collection. And elementary school libraries should probably not include books that would be inappropriate for young children on their bookshelves.(私人图书馆有时可能会认为某些主题过于冒犯或令人反感，无法将其纳入馆藏。小学图书馆的书架上可能不应该放不适合幼儿阅读的书籍)”可知，一些特定的图书馆可能有其独特的需求。故选B。11词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Howard Zinns A

107、 Peoples History of the United States may be a publication of nations rich history, but sometimes brutal history to some else, especially those ever hurt by the country.(霍华德津恩的美国人民的历史可能是一本关于美国丰富历史的出版物，但有时对其他人来说是brutal历史，尤其是那些曾经受到美国伤害的人)”可知，对曾经受到美国伤害的人来说，美国人民的历史一书可能介绍了残酷的历史，推测划线单词表示“残酷的”，与cruel同义。故选A

108、。12主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Should we restrict all materials in public libraries to what is inoffensive to the most sensitive members of society or to what overprotective parents believe will not disturb young children?(我们是否应该将公共图书馆的所有材料限制在对社会最敏感的成员无害的范围内，或者限制在过度保护的父母认为不会打扰幼儿的范围内？)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讨论了图书馆的资料是否应该限制

109、在对社会上最敏感的人无害的范围内，还是限制在过度保护的父母认为不会打扰幼儿的范围内，即图书馆是否应该禁止某些书籍。故选C。13A14D15B16C【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了购物者应努力抵制网购快递服务诱惑的理由。【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“This option sounds great to busy parents who cannot leave their children alone to pop into the store or people who have guests and urgently need a few extra beers witho

110、ut leaving the house.（对于那些忙得不能把孩子一个人留在店里的父母或者有客人，急需在家里多喝几瓶啤酒的人来说，这个选择听起来很棒。）”可知，吸引消费者的是快递配送能够节省时间和精力。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“While a one-time rapid delivery is certainly harmless for the shopper and the whole market, repeatedly using such services will ultimately harm grocery shops and corner shops.(虽然一次

111、性快速配送对购物者和整个市场来说肯定是无害的，但重复使用此类服务最终会伤害杂货店和街角商店。)”“We should think about the serious outcome that may come up, such as much less lively cities that miss the small shops and delivery workers who face tight deadlines and little job security（我们应该考虑可能会出现的严重后果，比如不那么热闹的城市，错过了小商店和面临紧迫的截止日期和几乎没有工作保障的快递员）”可知，快

112、递的大规模增长会给小商店和快递员造成损害。故选D。3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Research shows that consumers who perform a behavior regularly for about six weeks have created a habit. So ordering rapid delivery every day will hurt our neighborhoods and make us poorer once prices increase.（研究表明，经常做一件事六周左右的消费者已经养成了一种习惯。因此，一旦价格上涨，每天订购快速送货会伤

113、害我们的社区，让我们变得更穷。）”主要阐述了消费者容易网购成瘾，一旦养成习惯会给小商店和消费者自身带来损害。也就是进一步阐述抵制快递的原因，使文章论点更有说服力。故选B。4. 主旨大意题。文章主要论述了购物者应努力抵制网购快递服务诱惑的理由。根据第一段的中心句“However, shoppers should watch out for the allure of rapid delivery whenever possible.（然而，购物者应该尽可能地警惕快速配送的诱惑。）”以及最后一段“Thus, approach the rapid delivery option as you wou

114、ld refuse to accept any other allure. Be careful not to create a habit that you might later come to regret.（因此，对待快速交货的选择，就像你拒绝接受任何其他诱惑一样。小心不要养成一个你以后可能会后悔的习惯。）”可知，最佳标题是“购物者应该努力抵制快速送货的诱惑”，故选C。17B18D19C20B【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。17推理判断题。根据

115、第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well. One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours

116、 a year in the U.S.alone. (许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作。一项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间)”可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well。故选B项。18词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句

117、“When meetings are a waste of time, job satisfaction declines. And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls. (当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当工作满意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降)”可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句“.or at least minimizing themis one of the most straightforward ways to in

118、crease well-being. (或者至少把会议减到最少是提高幸福感最直接的方法之一)”。由此推断，“eliminating”应该是“取消，避免”，浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了，与“avoiding”意思相近。故选D项。19主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Nobody likes excessive and unproductive meetings. (没有人喜欢过多和没有成效的会议)”可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of m

119、eetings, after which you are exhausted and havent accomplished much. Second, people tend to engage in “surface acting”(faking emotions that are deemed appropriate) during work meetings. Finally, researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the

120、 participants. (首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成多少。其次，人们在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”(假装被认为合适的情绪)。最后，研究人员发现，会议有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与)”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选C项。20主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep e

121、mployees from working well. (许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作)”及最后一段“If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a necessary evil.They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable,and sho

122、uld thus be used as little as possible for the sake of productivity and happiness. (如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需要记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应该尽可能少使用)”可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Work meetings The less, the better. (工作会议越少越好)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。21B22C23A24D【导语】本文是一篇说明文

123、。指出没有证据表明脑力训练应用程序可以使人更聪明。21细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术)，memory tests and logic and pattern-matching problems into quick games. (有很多大脑训练应用程序，但它们都有相同的特点：它们将简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑和模式匹配问

124、题等心理练习变成了快速游戏。)”可知，脑力训练应用程序的共同点是：把简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑匹配等脑力练习变成了快速游戏，它们以游戏的形式发挥作用。故选B项。22词句猜测题。根据第二段最后两句“The more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get-or so some apps tell us. It is really a big promise. (一些应用程序告诉我们，你玩这些迷你游戏越多，你就会变得越聪明。这真的是一个很大的承诺。)”可知，作者认为靠玩游戏变聪明是一个很大的承诺。根据第四段最后一句“The posit

125、ive effects that have been found are restricted to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对

126、其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，通过玩游戏进行的脑力训练对认知功能等其他技能没有好处，故可知这一很大的承诺并不能达成。因此，可推测作者认为脑力训练的理念违背了人类思考和学习的原理，并未达到预期效果。故可推测短语fly in the face of 意为“与相悖”。故选C项。23推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The positive effects that have been found are restricted to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability

127、 to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，已知的脑力训练的积极影响仅限于非常特定的一些小游戏和训练任务，但对其他技能几乎没有好处。由此推知，脑力训练对记忆力的提高具有局限性。故选A项。24推理判断题。根据最后一段“Puzzle video games such as “Baba I

128、s You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn ”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentration in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game. (益智电子游戏，如Baba Is You和Return of the Obra Dinn，使玩家能够以比任何脑力训练迷你游戏复杂得多的方式运用他们的逻辑、记忆和注意力技巧。)”可知，作者认为“Baba Is You” 和“Return of the Obra Dinn”

129、 这类益智游戏更能激发玩家在逻辑、记忆和注意力方面的能力，其复杂程度远超过任何脑力训练小游戏。由此推知，作者是对Baba Is You这类益智游戏持赞成态度。故选D项。25D26D27A28C【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了在自我保健中的误区，并建议人们谨慎追求自我保健。25推理判断题。根据第一段中“On TikTok, #Selfcare has 28.2 billion views, while the hashtag(主题标签) can be found on over 66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care of

130、ten top many people s shopping lists. (在TikTok上，#自我保健的浏览量为282亿次，而在超过6600万条Instagram帖子上可以找到该标签。此外，关于自我保健的书往往是许多人购物清单上的首选。)”可知，人们非常注重自我保健。故选D项。26推理判断题。根据第三段中“So dont allow what others suggest to cloud your internal voice. (所以不要让别人的建议影响你的内在声音。)”以及“Self- care can only benefit a person if its consistent

131、with their goals and values. (自我保健只有在符合一个人的目标和价值观的情况下才能让他受益。)”可知，Zishan Khan认为过度在意别人的建议会损害自我保健。故选D项。27推理判断题。根据第五段中“Another danger can come when self-care actions reach the level of obsession or addiction, says Melissa Boudin, a psychologist of Choosing Therapy. When you spend a large amount of time

132、thinking about or practising a certain self-care behavior, this may be a sign that self-care has gone from beneficial to harmful, she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as to develop an eating disorder. (选择疗法的心理学家Melissa Boudin说，另一种危险是当自我保健行为达到痴迷或上瘾的程度时

133、。她说：当你花大量时间思考或实践某种自我保健行为时，这可能是自我保健已经从有益走向有害的迹象。她以通过健康饮食自我保健为例，然后发展到饮食失调的程度。)”可知，Melissa Boudin提到了关于吃的例子是为了证明沉迷于自我保健行为是有害的。故选A项。28推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段中“Yet, we have to be careful not to view self-care as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care pursued without awareness of your specific needs and c

134、onsistent evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical consequences. (然而，我们必须小心，不要把自我保健视为解决我们问题的万灵药。在没有意识到自己的具体需求和持续评估的情况下追求自我保健会导致情感、经济、精神和身体上的后果。)”可知，文章的目的是为了提醒我们要谨慎地追求自我保健。故选C项。29C30B31C32D【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就未来人工智能是否会取代艺术家展开讨论。29推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This month, the Internet was flooded wit

135、h wonderful digital art portraits, thanks to the work of the latest artificial intelligence-assisted application to go viral: Lensa. Users uploaded their photographs to the App and thenfor a small feeit used AI to transform their profile pictures into, say, a magical warrior princess version of them

136、selves, in no time at all.(这个月，互联网上充斥着精彩的数字艺术肖像，这要归功于最新的人工智能辅助应用程序:Lensa。用户将他们的照片上传到应用程序，然后只需支付一小笔费用，它就可以利用人工智能将他们的头像转变成他们自己的魔法战士公主版本。)”和文章第二段“This year has seen a breakthrough for AI-driven image generators, which are now better than ever in quality, speed and affordability.(今年，人工智能驱动的图像生成器取得了突破，在质

137、量、速度和价格上都比以往任何时候都更好。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Lensa是为了引起人工智能这个话题。故选C。30推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I see it less as a threat and more of an opportunity,” the UK-based illustrator Michelle Thompson said, adding, “Like everything else, there will always be artists who can use the tools better.”(“与其说这是一种威胁，不如说这是一种机会，”英国插画家米歇尔汤普森

138、(Michelle Thompson)说，“就像其他事情一样，总会有艺术家能更好地使用这些工具。”)”可知，Michelle Thompson认为这是一种机会.由此可推知，他对人工智能持支持的态度。故选B。31推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“These tools are only as good as the data sets they are trained on. Human imagination, on the other hand, has no limit. For Dryhurst, an artist from Germany, AI models “could attem

139、pt to make a pale version of something we did years ago”, but that “doesnt account for what we might do next”.(这些工具只能和它们所训练的数据集一样好。另一方面，人类的想象力是无限的。对于来自德国的艺术家德雷赫斯特来说，人工智能模型“可以尝试做出我们几年前做过的东西的苍白版本”，但这“并不能解释我们下一步可能会做什么”。)”可推知，创造力可能是人工智能在创作艺术作品时的弱点。故选C。32主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The kind of artificial intelligence

140、 we might imagine replacing artistsan entirely autonomous creative robotdoes not yet exist, but it is coming.(我们可能想象的那种取代艺术家的人工智能完全自主的创意机器人还不存在，但它正在到来。)”可知，文章主要就未来人工智能是否会取代艺术家展开讨论。故选D。33D34B35A36B【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为自己四年前一味沉迷于好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐。告诉读者应该参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事，从大学中学到特别的东西。33推理判断题。根据第一段中“T

141、his is dedicated to my first-year self four years ago, who was addicted to getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.(这句话献给四年前一年级的自己，当时的我沉迷于取得好成绩，没有从大学所能提供的一切中寻找快乐)”可推知，这篇文章的作者是毕业生。故选D。34细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like some people, I grew up with a fa

142、mily that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didnt. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success.(和一些人一样，我在一个重视学业胜过一切的家庭中长大，当你在课堂上表现出色时，他们会给你一点额外的爱，当你表现不好时，他们就会把你的爱拿走。结果，我的自我价值与我的学业成功紧

143、密相连)”可知，作者的父母对他大学生活的最大压力是取得好成绩。故选B。35细节理解题。根据第三段“There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all strive to do the former, but unfortunately our

144、mindsets have been always wired to follow the latter.(努力让自己变得更好，和简单地把太多事情放在自己的盘子里，直到你因为试图达到某些期望而筋疲力尽，这两者是有区别的。我们都应该努力做到前者，但不幸的是，我们的心态总是倾向于后者)”可知，在作者看来，改善自己是为了成为更好的自己。故选A。36细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Take some classes on topics that youre genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or wo

145、rk on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. And most of all, accept the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.(参加一些你真正感兴趣的课程，而不是敷衍了事。加入俱乐部或参与能引起你共鸣的项目，让你超越自己的界限。最重要的是，接受这个事实，失败和失去在生活中有时是不可避免的)”可知，作者认为学生对自己的爱好有发言权。故选B。37A38B39A40C【导语】本文为一篇议论文。数学和音乐

146、属于两个完全不同的研究领域，但是两者间有着很强的相关性，数学引导人们理解音乐，而小时候学音乐也可能使人今后在数学方面取得成就。37推理判断题。根据第一段“Math and music are two entirely different fields of study, but there is a strong relevance between them. At some point, they tend to overlap, and it is common for people good at math to be good at music. It may seem illogic

147、al to compare the two, but there are more similarities between math and music than you would imagine. (数学和音乐是两个完全不同的研究领域，但它们之间有很强的相关性。在某些时候，它们往往会重叠，擅长数学的人擅长音乐是很常见的。比较两者似乎不合逻辑，但数学和音乐之间的相似之处比你想象的要多。)”可知，音乐和数学之间有重叠，有很强的相关性，与A项“Math and music are deeply intertwined (数学和音乐深深交织在一起)”意思相近，故选A项。38主旨大意题。根据第二段

148、“Numbers can tell us more about music. Sounds strange but its true.Music is divided into sections that are called measures,where each measure has equal amounts of beats. This is comparable to mathematical divisions of time.Now, each piece of music will tell us how many beats there are in each measur

149、e. All the music notes have numerical connections and a number of beats. It is important to understand the value of fractions (分数) and notes to count the music correctly. (数字可以告诉我们更多关于音乐的信息。听起来很奇怪，但这是真的。音乐被分成几个小节，每个小节都有等量的节拍。这与数学上的时间划分相当。现在，每一段音乐都会告诉我们每个小节有多少拍。所有的音符都有数字连接和节拍数。理解分数的价值和音符对正确计算音乐很重要)”可

150、知，本段主要阐述数字能告诉我们音乐的信息，即：数字有助于我们理解音乐。故选B项。39细节理解题。根据第三段“The biggest similarity between math and music in pattern. (数学和音乐最大的相似之处在于模式。)”可知，作者同意“模式在数学和音乐是共有的”这个说法。故选A项。40推理判断题。根据最后一段“Music is a gateway to many things, and until now, you probably didnt realize that its just as demanding, analytical, logic

151、al and scientific as math. Something as simple as learning Mary Had a Little Lamb on the piano is actually setting your child up for bigger and better things; maybe theyll pick up Pythagoras (毕达哥拉斯) in a flash, maybe theyll be a genius in math, perhaps theyll one day discover their own theory of relativity. (音乐是通往许多事物的大门，直到现在，你可能还没有意识到它和数学一样要求高、分析性强、逻辑性强、科学性强。像在钢琴上学习玛丽有只小羊羔这样简单的事情，实际上是在为你的孩子做更大更好的事情做准备，也许他们会在一瞬间学会毕达哥拉斯（的数学），也许他们会成为数学天才，也许有一天他们会发现自己的相对论。)”可知，音乐有助于孩子获取其他的知识，学习音乐的孩子将来可能会在数学方面取得成功。故选C项。