专题07 形容词.docx

1、专题7 形容词和副词 形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。英语中的形容词和副词都有等级的变化。我们从中考题型分析可知，对于形容词与副词的语法能力考察集中于以下三点： （1）比较级（2）最高级（3）原级词义辨析考向分析：中考对于形容词与副词的考察要求考生们：（1）掌握形容词作定语、表语、宾语补足语等的基本用法；（2）掌握形容词作定语时的位置，一般放在被修饰词前；但当修饰不定代词时要后置，如something interesting、someone beauti

2、ful等；（3）掌握形容词&副词的比较级、最高级的构成；（4）掌握形容词、副词表示比较的几种结构。（5）掌握副词的定义、用法及分类考向一：形容词的位置形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possiblealive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等the only person awake表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词a bridge 50 meters longelse修饰疑问词和不定代词时what else，so

3、mething else考向二：形容与&副词的语法功能1.形容词的语法功能用法位置例句注意作定语放在名词前This is an interesting book.作表语放在系动词之后The book is interesting.Leaves turn yellow You look very happy. 系动词主要有:be动词、三变化(turn ,get, become),五感官(feel, sound, look, smell, taste)以及keep和seem等。作宾补放在宾语后，常与keep，make，find，feel，think等动词连用We should keep our c

4、lassroom clean and tidy. What he said made me happy.常用于下面的句型中：keep sth +adj.make sb+ adj.find/feel/think it+adj.to do sth2.副词的用法 副词一般充当状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词,此外还可修饰整个句子, 副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。如 :Its raining heavily now. It often rains in our hometown. 2.副词的分类 (1) 时间副词:ago, before, already, now,

5、 just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。 (2)地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。 (3)程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 (4)疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。 (5)方式副词:quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, strongly, badly, happily等。 考向三：形容与&副

6、词比较级及最高级构成用法（1） 形容词&副词比较级及最高级的变化规则构成方法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er, -estsmallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加-r,-stnicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加-er,-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词，双写末尾的字母再加-er,-estredbigthinredderbigg

7、erthinnerreddestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more, mostinterestingimportantmore interesting more importantmost interestingmost important不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)， well(健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)，ill(有病的)worseworstmany，much(多的)moremostlittle，few(小的，少的)less，fewerleast，fewestfar(远的)fartherfurtherfarthestfurth

8、estold(年岁大的)olderelderoldesteldest考向四：形容与&副词比较级及最高级常用句式句型意义例句as形容词/副词原级as两者比较，程度相同。“asas” This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as形容词/副词原级a(n)可数名词单数形式asTom is as good a person as his uncle.not as /so形容词/副词原级as两者相比，一方不及另一方I didnt do my homework as carefully as you.形容词/副词比较级+

9、than两者进行比较The sun is bigger than the earth.She usually gets up earlier than others.比较级and比较级“越来越”，多音节的用more and more形容词或副词原级She is growing fatter and fatter.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.the比较级，the比较级“越，越”，如果“the比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后The busier the old man is, the happier he feels

10、.The more money he gets, the more he wants.具体数字(如倍数)+as as 是的倍The city is two times as big as my hometown.形容词最高级+介词短语(比较范围)(三者或三者以上)最的He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我们班里最高的男孩。副词最高级+介词短语(比较范围)(三者或三者以上)最的He works hardest in his class.他是班上学习最用功的一个。l 比较级与much、a little 、little、even 、a lot等连用，可修饰程度。

11、（4）相关句型1.“A+谓语动词+one of the+ 最高级+复数名词+in/of短语” “是最的之一”The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.2.“A+谓语动词+the+序数词+最高级+in/of短语” “是第最的”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.3.too+ adj. / adv.（原级） +to do sth. ：太。以至于不能4.so + adj. / adv.（原级）+ that :如此。以至于5.adj. / adv.（原级

12、）+enough to do sth. ：足以能做某事考向五：形容与&副词辨异（重点考向）在专题一里面作了重点讲解和训练。（参照专题一）1.（2023武汉） Mary is _ about what she eats. She never has junk food. A good habit.A. carefulB. angryC. nervousD. relaxed【答案】A【解析】句意：玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。一个好习惯。考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“She never has junk food”

13、可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。2.（2023湖北荆州） The girls are talking about the art festival _.Yes, they have so many fun things to share.A. suddenlyB. sadlyC. badlyD. happily【答案】D【解析】句意：这些女孩们正在快乐地谈论艺术节。是的。她们有很多有趣的事情一起分享。考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；sadly难过地；badly严重地；happily开心地。根据“they have so many fun things to sha

14、re”，可知她们应该很开心，故选D。3. （2023湖北荆州）Could you tell us _ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?Talking about weather is a common way.A. whenB. whyC. whereD. how【答案】D【解析】句意：你能告诉我们怎样和外国人开始对话吗？谈论天气是一种常见的方式。考查疑问副词辨析。when何时；why为什么；where哪里；how如何。根据“Talking about weather is a common way.”可知，上文问的是如何开场打开话题，

15、故选D。4（2023江苏扬州）Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much _.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best【答案】C【解析】句意：慢煮似乎能更好地保持肉的味道。考查比较级。根据空前“much”可知，much是修饰比较级的词，此处应用比较级形式，故选C。1（2023江苏扬州）I like your teapot. It has a very funny but interesting shape.Thank you. Its a work of art, but it is also _ for te

16、a making.A. naturalB. practicalC. equalD. general2. (2023湖北鄂州) Is Julie as tall as you?No, she isnt. Shes _ than me.A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest3. (2023湖北黄石) In Switzerland, keeping only one goldfish isnt allowed, because it is very bad to make such _ animals live alone.A. luckyB. social

17、C. patientD. dangerous4. (2023湖北十堰市) As far as I know, the high-speed railway from Shiyan to Xian will be finished soon.Yeah. It will be more _ for us to travel to Xian.A. dangerousB. difficultC. convenientD. traditional5. (2023江苏徐州) My cousin is _. He never forgets the things he needs to do.A. ener

18、geticB. curiousC. organizedD. confident6. (2023江苏无锡)Dressing up as a ghost is _ unusual in our culture. People think it will bring bad luck.A. hardlyB. hardC. highlyD. high7. (2023安徽) Camping trips in spring have become very _ in southern China. Exactly. Thats because these areas have warmer weather

19、 and an earlier flowering season. A. hotB. safeC. cheapD. hard8. (2023安徽)From my childhood, I _ remember my parents working hard day and night.A. clearlyB. patientlyC. suddenlyD. politely9. (2023沈阳)The delicious food and _ waiters made us happy with the restaurant. A. slowB. tiredC. awfulD. polite10

20、. (2023山东滨州) How amazing ChatGPT is!Yes. The new invention makes it quite _ for people to write papers and stories. A. lateB. simpleC. naturalD. difficult11. (2023山东滨州) Fathers Day is around the corner, but I dont have money to buy a gift for my dad. Why not make a card by yourself? He will _ love i

21、t.A. widelyB. smoothlyC. hardlyD. certainly12. (2023山东青岛)It was reported that visitors were _ on May Day this year. A. everywhereB. anywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere13. (2023山东青岛) We should eat _ fruit and vegetables to keep healthy.A. freeB. freshC. softD. sweet14. (2023山东青岛)Tom, an English doctor, ho

22、pes to go _ for vacation. China is his first choice. A. backB. downC. abroadD. up15. (2023北京) Which do you like _, swimming or skating? Swimming.A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best16. Being homesick is a feeling _ to many people in the world.Yes. Thats why many poets worldwide have written about this

23、 topic.A. similar B. common C. close D. strange17. Its said that people usually raise their voice when telling a lie. Thats probably because they are _.A. angry B. uneasy C. excited D. surprised18. Clear waters and green mountains are as _ as mountains of gold and silver.A. silent B. general C. valu

24、able D. private19. The boy isnt _ to go to school, and he has to stay at home with his mother.A. enough old B. old enough C. enough young D. young enough20. What do you think of the man in the talent show? He is so _. He can make different changing pictures with sand.A. common B. creative C. careles

25、s D. helpful21. Daniel can get good marks in all his subjects, but he never shows off and always helps others. I cannot agree with you more. He is a _ boy.A. patient B. generous C. curious D. modest22. Teenagers shouldnt spend plenty of time on _ products. They are bad for eyes. A. national B. basic

26、 C. electronic D. natural23. Some _ information like fingerprints can help the police find the real criminal. A. national B. musical C. personal D. social24. Anne, the information is really _. Thank you very much.Not at all. I am happy I can help you.A. enjoyable B. available C. valuable D. comforta

27、ble25. Its _ to push in before others while waiting for the bus.A. impossible B. impatient C. impolite D. inconvenient26. Do you know yogurt was a(n) _ invention? When people packed milk with bags, the germs(细菌) reacted with the milk, and yogurt came into being.A. correct B. accidental C. patient D.

28、 strong27. Were not very _ friends though weve known each other for a long time.A. serious B. creative C. close D. fresh28. Are you going to the airport by bus? No, Im going to take a taxi. Its _.A. quicker B. cheaper C. the quickest D. the cheapest29. What do you think of skiing, Eileen?Well, skiin

29、g is _ and I love it.A. something pleasant B. pleasant something C. something pleased30. What time is it now? I cant tell you the time _, but I know its too late.A. exactly B. hardly C. recently D. regularly31. Have a nice time, dear, and drive _.OK. Bye, Mom.A. beautifully B. comfortably C. hardly

30、D. carefully32. “Excuse me, is there a library near here?” the girl asks me _.A. widely B. politely C. nearly D. hardly33. Our English teacher _ drives to work. But today she drives because of the rain.A. always B. often C. sometimes D. hardly34. Take your homework _ every day. I believe you can imp

31、rove yourself a lot.A. comfortably B. truly C. cheaply D. seriously35. I can _ work out these math problems. Theyre just too hard.A. simply B. easily C. hardly D. gradually36. The “double reduction” (双减) policy makes it possible for students to have more _ time to do outdoor activities.A. spare B. p

32、roud C. central D. absent37. Our life will be more _ if 5G technology is used widely. Yes, I quite agree with you.A. unusual B. general C. active D. convenient38. Nelly, were you _ at the result of the singing competition?Yes. We thought it was a _ result.A. surprising; surprised B. surprised; surpr

33、ising C. surprising; surprising D. surprised; surprised39. _ we take subways in the future, _ air pollution there will be in our city.A. The less; the fewer B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the less D. The fewer; the fewer40. What do you think of the soap operas?I think they are _. I dont like th

34、em at all.A. serious B. meaningless C. enjoyable D. educational41. This machine is much _ than the first one! It saves so much time and energy.A. efficienter B. more efficient C. inefficienter D. more inefficient42. Mum, one third of the apples are bad.Wed better eat up the rest _.A. as well as poss

35、ible B. as good as possible C. as soon as possible D. as quick as possible43. Just be _, you cant make such great progress in a day. It takes time.A. honest B. humorous C. active D. patient44. To protect the environment, wed better take our _ bags when we go shopping.A. believable B. enjoyable C. re

36、usable D. comfortable45. My brother is often _ from family meetings because he is too busy.A. absent B. available C. nervous D. terrible46. Han Ming didnt like math at first, but he _ became interested in it with the help of his teacher.A. especially B. gradually C. seriously D. clearly47. Sandy, yo

37、u havent changed at all. You still look _ the same as before.A. recently B. finally C. exactly D. hardly48. The old man lives in a _ town. He lives _, but he doesnt feel _.A. lonely, lonely, alone B. lonely, alone, lonelyC. alone, alone, lonely D. alone, alone, alone49. When Judy first came to China

38、, she found the country was _ the way her grandfather described: beautiful and peaceful.A. curiously B. exactly C. probably D. properly50. The boy tried out for the school football team _ because he was interested in it.A. hardly B. nearly C. simply D. specially51. If one of your friends sends you a

39、 message to borrow money on the Internet, youd better phone him _ first to make sure of that.A. recently B. directly C. finally D. exactly52. I cant tell when the house was built _, but it must be very old.A. wonderfully B. differently C. exactly D. recently53. My mother _ uses electronic products b

40、ecause she thinks they are bad for her eyes.A. usually B. seldom C. often D. always54. It is reported that a driver helped put out the fire in a car on the highway.Yes, the man left _, and nobody knows who he is.A. slowly B. happily C. silently D. nervously55. I havent heard from my son _. Im worrie

41、d about him.A. recently B. suddenly C. properly D. quickly56. Jim, you look worried. What happened? I _ forgot to do homework. Im afraid Mr. Lee will get angry with me.A. exactly B. normally C. completely D. wisely57. We have been to the China Folk Culture Villages _.A. lately B. late C. latest D. l

42、ast58. How is Sue? Oh, she lives abroad, so I _ ever see her.A. hardly B. greatly C. nearly D. clearly59. To many peoples surprise, stinky Luosifen has now become the most popular snack, but many others, _ the young, love it so much that they wish to have it every day.A. specially B. especially C. p

43、robably D. possibly60. Can you finish your work on time?I am afraid not. My computer hasnt worked _ since this morning.A. usually B. normally C. naturally D. commonly61. Be careful when you are driving,_ in a rainstorm like this. Thanks, I will.A. especially B. properly C. probably D. frequently62.

44、Does your brother like his new job? I think so. He works_, but he feels _.A. hard; happily B. hard; happy C. hardly; happily D. hardly; happy63. Tom, havent you helped your parents do the housework _ ?Yes, Ive helped them wash the dishes _ .A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. already; already D. yet; alr

45、eady64. Shanghai is a large and modern city, but it also has lots of _ places.A. history B. historical C. famous D. more famous65. All the _ things need air and water. Without air or water, nothing could stay _ .A. living; living B. living; alive C. alive; alive D. alive; living66. We are covering _

46、 these _ girls wonderful performances.A. live; alive B. alive; lively C. live; lively D. living; alive67. My father took some _ actions to lose weight. For example, he ate small but healthy meals and took exercise every day.A. powerful B. peaceful C. pleasant D. practical68. Students should be _ tha

47、t saving water and looking after a tree can make a big difference to our society.A. alone B. awake C. aware D. afraid69. The _ look on his face suggested that he _ that.A. surprising; hadnt expected B. surprised; hadnt expectedC. surprising; would expect D. surprised; shouldnt expect70.She felt _ af

48、ter taking the medicine.A. sleep B. sleeping C. asleep D. sleepy71. The more you help others, _ you will be.A. happy B. the happier C. the happiest D. happier72. Who sings _ of the three girls?Mary. I think no one sings _ beautifully than her.A. better; the most B. better; more C. the best; the most

49、 D. the best; more73. _ news! Tom has won the_ race.A. What excited; 800 metres B. What exciting; 800-metreC. How excited; 800-metre D. How exciting; 800 metres74. Guangzhou is one of _ cities in China. Yes, and its warm in winter.A. the most beautiful B. more beautiful C. very beautiful D. much bea

50、utiful75. Whats your prediction about the future, Jill? We will have _ work to do because_ robots will help us.A. less; more B. more; less C. more; more D. less; less76. Wechat is _ of the two ways to talk with friends.A. the more popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. most popular77. Cindy

51、is a _ volleyball star and she plays volleyball very _.A. well; good B. good; well C. well; well D. good; good78. The Yangtze River is one of _ in the world.A. the longer river B. longest rivers C. the longest river D. the longest rivers79. Nanjing is the second _ city in East China.A. larger B. lar

52、gest C. more large D. most large80. My mom is a _ cook. She cooks _ .A. good; well B. well; well C. good; good D. well; good81. It is dangerous for students to _ at bus stops in _ cold.A. waiting; extremely B. waiting; extreme C. wait; extremely D. wait; extreme82. _ music is very relaxing, and it s

53、ounds _.A. Good; well B. Good; nice C. Well; well D. Well; nice83. My hometown is _ than before. That makes people happy.A. beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautiful D. much beautiful84. Bob used to be _ boy on the school soccer team, but now hes taller than others.A. short B. shorter C. shortest D

54、. the shortest85. I think teenagers should take health as _ as their study.A. serious B. seriously C. more serious D. more seriously86. I cant speak English _ my friend. Dont be sad. My English is _ worse.A. so well as; very B. as well as; much C. as good as; much D. as good as; very87. Who sings _,

55、 Lisa or Anna?I think Lisa does.A. clear B. clearly C. clearer D. more clearly88. The actor played the role _ than any other actor.A. carefully B. more careful C. most carefully D. more carefully89. John listens much _ in class, so he made _ mistakes in the exam.A. more carefully; less B. more caref

56、ully; fewer C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less90. I like my hometown _ because it is becoming _.A. well; beautiful and beautiful B. better; more and more beautifulC. well; more and more beautiful D. better; beautiful and beautiful91. Among the four actresses, I think the girl with short ha

57、ir acted _ in the film.A. much worse B. the worst C. most badly D. more badly92. Now more and more people realize the _ of English in China.So it is. Of all the foreign languages, English is _ used.A. important, widely B. importance, widest C. important, more widelyD. importance, the most widely93.

58、Chinese womens volleyball team members worked _ and won the international game.A. widely B. closely C. hardly D. simply94. The children looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _. Yes. What a pity!A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sadly, sad D. sad, sadly95. Li Lei is taller than _ in our clas

59、s.A. any other studentB. all the other studentC. any studentD. other students96. Gina is the cleverest _.A. in themB. of themC. in theyD. of they97. Liu Xiang is a very _ runner and he eats very _.A. well, goodB. good, wellC. better, betterD. best , best98. I think it is _ older than yesterday.A. ve

60、ry B. much too C. much D. quite 99. Jacks _ brother is _ than him.A. old; elder B. elder; older C. old; eld D. elder; younger100.David is stronger than student in his class. 21世纪*教育网A.otherB.othersC.any otherD.some三、 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.I work this term, but David works even .(hard)2.The (many) books yo

61、u read, the (much) you will know.3. Elon is the _(tall) of the two students.4. Amber is a careful girl so she does homework _(careful) in our class.5. Who is _(good) in English in your class?6.Which do you like _(well), apples, pears or bananas?7. I feel math is _(difficult) of all the subjects.8. I

62、 think Tom runs _(quick) in our class during the sports meeting.9. He is _(quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks.10.Where you can buy the tickets _(cheap), Town Cinema, Green City or Movie World?11. Who do you think works _(hard) in our class?12Nothing is a waste if you have a _（create）mind.

63、13. Is Yellow River the fourth _(long) river in the world?14. I like Chinese better than math because it s much _(easy) to learn.15.I think Sally did as (good) as Lucy in the math competition.16.Is Betty a good student?Yes, shes (hard-working) than any other student in her class.17.It was cold yesterday, but it is much (cold) today.18.Does Grace sing well?Yes, she sings (clear) and (loud) than other singers.19.I am _（true）sorry that I cant tell you the result.20.The _(careful) you do, the _(good) grades youll get.