专题11名词性从句（讲义）（原卷版）.docx

1、专题11 名词性从句(讲义)目 录考点 名词性从句 -1页 -1页 -2页【真题研析规律探寻】-2页考向1 考查表语从句的连接词-2页考向2 考查宾语从句的连接词-2页考向3 考查主语从句的连接词-3页【核心提炼考向探究】-3页1主语从句-3页2 表语从句-4页3宾语从句-5页4同位语从句-6页名词性从句考点的解题关键-6页【题型特训命题预测】-8页预测考向1 考查名词性从句的连接词what-8页预测考向2 考查名词性从句中的连接词that-8页预测考向3 考查名词性从句中的其他连接代词-8页预测考向4 考查名词性从句中的连接副词-8页考点 名词性从句考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考名

2、词性从句考向分布。考点题型名词性从句语法填空2023 试卷类型从句考点2023新高考卷why表语从句20222022年浙江1月if/whether宾语从句20212021新课标Iwhat主语从句总结高考考点，探究名词性从句的命题规律。近年来，高考对名词性从句主要考查：从微观上说，主要考查名词性从句中的连接代词和连接副词；其中that和what是高频考点；从宏观上说，主要考查主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句有时同位语从句。考点要求考题统计考情分析主语从句3年1考【命题规律】根据新高考三年的考情分析，名词性从句主要集中考查：主要考查名词性从句中的连接代词和连接副词；其中that和what是高频考点。【

3、命题预测】2024年高考还会集中考查主要考查主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的连接词。宾语从句3年1考表语从句3年1考考向1 考查表语从句的连接词1.（2023新高考卷）This is they need an English trainer.2(2021全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be_everyone must try on the clothes before they take them.名词性从句中that与what的区别：引导名词性从句既可以用that，也可以用what。两者的区别在于that在句中不作成分，what在

4、从句中作主语、宾语或表语。3.（2018年江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived.考向2 考查宾语从句的连接词1.（2022年1月浙江）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak _ she could do so remotely.2(2021全国乙卷)Also, it gives our parents more time to do_they like and it improves

5、 the family relationship.3(2023重庆二检)Live big and try to let your courage outweigh your fear. You never know_it might lead you in the life journey.4(2023重庆巴蜀中学4月模拟)In October 2021, the Hubei Provincial Museum issued 10,000 digital copies of the sword of Gou Jian, a famous cultural relic on display at

6、 the museum. Its popularity could be seen by_quickly it sold out.考向3 考查主语从句的连接词1.（2021新课标I卷）_is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 2.（2024湖北省宜荆荆随10月联考）Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent makes creating the necessary raw materials and

7、matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping them with the restoration. what & that在名词性从句中的用法：that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。I believe what he said because he is an honest man.我相信

8、他说的话，因为他是个诚实的人。3(2020江苏卷)It is not a problem_we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.whether与if引导主语从句的区别：主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pol

9、lution.我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。名词性从句考点的必备知识：一、主语从句1.主语从句的引导词引导词作用连接词that, whether, if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what, who, whom，which, whichever，whatever, whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when, where，how, why在从句中作状语When

10、the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。Where Professor Han was born is known to the public.韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。What struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。【易错提醒】(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。That they were in truth sisters was c

11、lear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。(2)whether与if引导主语从句的区别：主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将

12、采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。2形式主语【高频再现】it作形式主语的常见句型：(1)Itbe形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)that从句(2)Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that从句(3)Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported等)that从句(4)It不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matt

13、er等)that从句It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。二、表语从句1.表语从句的引导词引导词作用连接词that, whether只起连接作用，不

14、在从句中作成分连接代词what, who, whom, which，whichever, whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when, where, how, why在从句中作状语The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。This is where we usually think its easier to just give up.这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。【易错提醒】if不能引导表

15、语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。2as if/as though引导表语从句as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚

16、的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。3其他常考的表语从句【高频再现】(1)This/That/It is why表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是的原因”(2)This/That/It is because表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为”(3)The reason why. is that表语从句“的原因是”三、 宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词引导词作用连接词that, whether, if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when, where, how,

17、why在从句中作状语Im writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。I dont know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否

18、出发去北京。【易错提醒】(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；宾语从句前有插入语时；that引导的从句位于句首时。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。2形式宾语【高频再现】宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/makeit宾补(形容词或名词)不定式/从句(2)动词h

19、ate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoyit从句(3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely onit从句(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb. that从句Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.当你不在的时候

20、，我负责把他照顾好。3宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。四、同位语从句1.同位语从句通常用that引导，that无词义也不作成分，但是不能省略，从句用陈述语序。同位语从句还可用whether, when, where, why, how等引导。2接同位语从句的常见名词：fact, news, idea, truth, hope, evidence, information, belief, thought, doubt

21、, promise, word(消息)等。I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high school，would be different.我对自己做出承诺：今年我上高中的第一年将会与以往不同。I have no idea where the journalist could have got his information.我不知道那个记者从哪里得到的他的信息。名词性从句考点的解题关键：1确定是名词性从句空处无提示词，先确定主句的主谓结构，再确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。2利用两个技

22、巧搞定名词性从句Tip1：分析句子成分(1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。(2)从句中缺少状语(结合句意判断)，用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。(3)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。(4)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。Tip2：结合句意和引导词的本义解题有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如whether/if (是否)、whoever (无论谁)、whatever (无论什么)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。

23、结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。3牢记what和that的区别(1)that没有词义，且在从句中不作任何成分。(2)what在从句中表示 “的(东西)” (有时候可以不译)，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。【易错提醒】1what与that(1)that在名词性从句中具有“两无”“一不”特征无意义、无成分，(除宾语从句外)不可省略。that在名词性从句中没有意义，而且不充当句子成分。that引导宾语从句作及物动词的宾语时可省略；在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省略。 I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for

24、 help.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 oclock tomorrow morning.我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。(2)what在名词性从句中具有“两有”“一不”特征有意义、有成分，不可省略。what在引导名词性从句时，有一定的意义，一般可译为“的东西/事情/话等”；what在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语，不可省略。What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。2wheth

25、er与if在引导名词性从句时，这两个连词常常通用。但是在下面情况下，一般用whether。(1)引导主语/表语/同位语从句时；(2)引导的从句在介词后时；(3)与or not直接连用时；(4)与动词不定式连用时。3what与whichwhat与which在引导名词性从句时，既可以作主语、宾语，又可以作定语。但如果有明确的“范围”时，应用which，而不用what。【2024年高考命题预测】根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：（1）考查主语从句的连接词及it相关句型（2）考查宾语从句的连接词及形式宾语it相关句型；（3）考查表语从句和同位语从句的连接词；（4）what和that是考查重点，whet

26、her和if也是高频考点。预测考向1 考查名词性从句的连接词what1.（2024江苏省无锡市期中教学质量调研测试） makes Wuzhen stand out is the combination of culture and local cuisine. 2.(2020天津卷)The student completed this experiment to make come true_Professor Joseph had said.3（2024天津市第四十七中学期中）Under _ I call the “constant companion model”, we now see

27、our smartphones as aways-on portals (通道) to information.预测考向2 考查名词性从句中的that连接词1.（2024江苏省徐州市第七中学10月月考）Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, vowed in Riyadh China will strengthen efforts to better supervise the heritage site, face climate change, guide local communities to

28、 join in protection and regulate tourism to ensure lastingly inherited outstanding universal values of the old tea forests.2.（2024江苏省连云港市月考）Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! 3（2023天津市耀华中学第二次模拟）The truth

29、 is _ we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world.预测考向3 考查名词性从句中的其他连接代词1(2023陕西省榆林市高三三模)_ breaks the school rules will be punished to do extra cleaning for a week. 2(2022江苏省扬州中学高三调研)Well, then I could make a careful comparison o

30、f them and see _ one is better.3.（2023湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）“Hello, Mr. Herriot.” I heard his voice. I turned a blank gaze on him I just had no idea _ _ he was though his face was familiar.预测考向4 考查名词性从句中的连接副词1.（2015新课标II卷）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_ thick the adobe walls n

31、eeded to be to make the cycle work on most days. 2.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasnt able to give him any information about _ she lived3.（2021年天津卷）What puzzles Lilys friends is _ she always has so many crazy ideas.4(2024河北省唐山市阶段检测)The best times were _ they had sleepovers and could sit up late talking about anything and everything and everyone.5(2023山西省运城市高三阶段检测)It is advised that one mustnt go jogging very early in the morning; this is _ the body temperature is lower and the bodily functions havent kicked in fully during this time.