专题12 初中英语语法公式（12）重点句型（1）比较句型.docx

1、初中英语语法公式重点句型（1）比较句型公式1：倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as.意为“是的倍”。 The new stadium being built for the next Asia Games will be three times as big as the present one.正在为下一届亚运会修建的新体育场将是现在这个的三倍大。公式2： 倍数+the+名词+of.意为“是的倍”。 This street is twice/double the width of that one.这条大街是那条街的两倍宽。公式3： prefer to do rather than doI p

2、refer to get up early rather than go to bed late to study.我宁愿早起也不愿晚睡去学习。公式4:倍数形容词/副词比较级than.意为“是的倍”。 This room is twice larger than yours.这间房子的大小是你们那间的两倍。公式5：形容词/副词比较级than.by倍数意为“是的倍”。 This line is longer than that one by twice.这条线是那条线的两倍长。公式6：.as+形容词原级as.意为“和一样”。 This table is as clean as that one.

3、这张桌子和那张一样干净。公式7：.not as/so+形容词原级+as.意为“不像一样”。 She is not as/so happy as she pretends.她并不像她假装得那么高兴。公式8：.as+形容词原级+不可数名词，复数可数名词+as.意为“和一样”。 I have as many books as Tom.我和汤姆的书一样多。公式9：.as+形容词原级+a/an+可数名词单数+as.意为“和一样”。 Most doctors think that medicine is as much an art as it is a science.多数医生认为医学既是一门科学又是一

4、门艺术。公式10：.形容词比较级(+名词)+than.意为“比更”。 There are much more flowers in summer thanin winter.夏天的花比冬天多得多。公式11：.not形容词比较级(+名词)than.意为“不比更；不超过”。 His French is not better than yours.他的法语不比你的好。公式12：.no形容词比较级than.意为“和一样都不；仅仅”。 His French is no better than yours.他的法语和你的一样差。公式13：.形容词比较级and形容词比较级.意为“越来越”。 The comp

5、uter is cheaper and cheaper.电脑越来越便宜了。公式14：the+形容词比较级.， the+形容词比较级.意为“越,(就)越” Theshorter the speech is, the better it is.演讲越简短越好。公式15：.表示程度等的词+形容词比较级+than.表示程度等的词用以说明两者相比时的差距。 You are an inch taller than him.你比他高一英寸。公式16：.the形容词比较级(one/of the two).意为“两者之中较的一个”。 Which one of those two houses would you

6、 buy?那两套房子你会买哪一套？I would buy the larger one, because I have a big family.我会买那套大一点的，因为我家人多。公式17：Which is+形容词比较级，.or.?意为“哪一个更，还是？” Which is cheaper, this computer or that one?这台电脑和那台电脑哪一台更便宜？公式18：.be senior/junior/superior/inferior to.意为“比大/小/好/差”。 This photo is inferior to that one.这张照片比那张差。公式19：.the

7、+形容词最高级(名词)(比较范围)意为“(中)最的()”。 Hangzhou Bay Cross-Sea Bridge is the longest cross-sea bridge in the world.杭州湾跨海大桥是世界上最长的跨海大桥。公式20：.one of the+形容词最高级(+名词复数)+范围意为“最之一”。 Jim is one of the cleverest in his class.吉姆是他班里最聪明的学生之一。公式21：Which/Who is the+形容词最高级, .,.or.?意为“，和哪一个/谁最？” Which is the most beautiful

8、, rose, jasmine or tulip?玫瑰、茉莉、郁金香三种花哪种最漂亮？公式22：Nothing/No one/No(other).+is/was+形容词比较级+that表示最高级意义。 Nothing is more precious than time.没有比时间更宝贵的东西。公式23：形容词比较级+than any other+单数可数名词表示最高级意义。 China is larger than any other country/all other countries in Asia.中国是亚洲最大的国家。公式24：否定词+.(+a/an)+形容词比较级+名词.形容词比

9、较级用于否定句式中表示最高级意义。 I havent heard a better voice than hers.我还没有听过比她更好听的嗓音。公式25：.(a/an+)形容词最高级(+名词).意为“非常，很”的意思。 This is a most difficult question to answer.这是一个很难回答的问题。公式26：.as副词原级as.意为“和一样”。 In ancient times, people rarely travelledlong distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local m

10、arket.在古代，人们很少进行长途跋涉，大多数农民所到的最远的地方就是当地市场。公式27：.not.+as/so+副词原级+as.意为“不如”。 It doesnt rain as/so often here as it does in my country.这里不如我们国家下雨频繁。公式28：.副词比较级than.意为“比更”。 Usually the paperback book is more widely accepted than the hardcover one.通常来说，平装书要比精装书更容易被接受。公式29：.not+副词比较级+than.意为“前者不比后者更”（侧重后者）

11、。 He arrived at the office not earlier than I today.他今天没有我到办公室早。公式30：.no+副词比较级+than.意为“前者和后者一样都不”（侧重前者）。 Lily speaks Chinese no more fluently than her younger brother.莉莉汉语说得和她弟弟一样不流利。公式31：.副词比较级and副词比较级.意为“越来越”。 With time going on, we are getting on better and better with each other.随着时间的流逝，我们之间相处得越

12、来越融洽。公式32：the+副词比较级.,the+副词比较级.意为“越,(就)越”。 The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.战争持续得越久，那里的人们受苦就越多。公式33：like.better(than.)意为“和比起来，更喜欢”。 I like movies better than TV plays.比起电视剧，我更喜欢电影。公式34：.(the+)副词最高级比较范围.意为“中最”。 The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the hor

13、se ride most.孩子们很喜欢这次一日游，其中他们最喜欢的活动是骑马。公式35：as/so . as .结构asso形容词或副词原级as说明此句型意为“和一样”。比较两件东西，并表示它们的程度一样。第一个 as 为副词，第二个 as 则为副词连接词，引导副词子句，修饰第一个 as。在 asas 中可插入单数可数名词，即：“as形容词aan名词as”。若是复数名词，可用“as manyfew复数 名词as”；若是不可数名词，则用“as muchlittle不可数名词as”。“as原级（形、副）as原级（形、副）”这形式表示有关同一人（物）的两种不同的性质、状态是一样程度的，译作“既有且还

14、有”。 He is as handsome as his brother (is). 他和他哥哥一样英俊。 Judy goes to the movies as often as Sara does. 朱迪像莎拉一样时常去看电影。 Old John goes to sleep as easily as a baby does. 老约翰像婴儿一样容易入睡。 The girls are as busy with their work as bees. 这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一样忙着工作。 He is as nice a boy as Peter (is). 他和彼得一样都是好男孩。 She has a

15、s many friends as Mary (does). 她和玛丽一样有许多朋友。 He has as much money as John (does). 他和约翰一样有很多钱。 He is as clever as (he is) handsome. 他不但英俊而且聪明。My teacher is as kind as (she is) intelligent. 我的老师不但善良而且聪慧。公式36：as many/much .结构as manymuch名词说明此句型意为“同数（量）的；一样多”。本词组旨在用以代替句中前面已提到的相同数字，以避免该数字的重复。 He was tired

16、enough to make ten errors in as many (=in ten) pages. 他疲倦得十页中犯了十个错误。 Mike read five books in as many (=in five) months. 麦克在五个月内看了五本书。 I didnt expect that he should have committed three robberies in as many days. 没想到（老实的）他居然在三天内犯了三次抢劫罪。公式37：A is as much + N + as B is结构主语beasmuch名词as（be）主语说明此句型意为“和同样”

17、。“as much名词as（be）主语”的 be 通常省略或放句末。 Comets are just as much members of the suns family as (are) the other planets. 彗星和其它的行星同样是太阳家族的成员。 To eat too much is as much a bad thing as to eat nothing.吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。He is as much a member of the orchestra as Tom. 他和汤姆同样是管弦乐队的成员。公式38：. as . as . can be结构主语be 动

18、词as形容词as（形容词）can be说明此句型意为“极，不亚于任何人”。此句型借重复同一个形容词而成为强调此形容词的说法。常用的此类词组有：as plain as plain can be（再明白不过了），as wise as wise can be（再聪明不过了），as white as white can be（白得不能再白了），as wrong as wrong can be（错得太离谱）等。 His failure is as plain as plain can be. 他的失败是再明白不过了。 He is as handsome as (handsome) can be. 他潇洒

19、极了。 She is as kind as can be. 她极为和颜悦色。 Mary is as hardworking as can be. 玛丽在班上之用功不输任何人。 He may not be so clever as Peter, but he is as industrious as can be. 他也许不如彼得聪明，但却用功极了。公式39：as . as ever结构as形容词副词as ever说明此句型意为“与往常一样”。 He seems to be as busy as ever. 他似乎和往常一样忙碌。 He works as hard as ever. 他和往常一样

20、努力工作。She was as beautiful as ever after so many years. 过了那么多年，她美丽如故。公式40：. times as . as .结构倍数词as形容词副词as说明此句型意为“是的几倍”。“两倍”是 twice，而三倍以上的“倍”，通常用 times。 An ordinary subway train, approaching the station, can be twice as loud as the loudest jet. 平常的地下火车接近车站时，发出的声音可能是最大声的喷射机的两倍。 This line is four times

21、as long as that one. 这条线是那条线的四倍长。 I am twice as old as he. 我的年纪是他的两倍。 She studies three times as hard as I. 她用功的程度是我的三倍。 He earns twice as much as he used to. 他比往常多赚二倍的钱。She spent half as much money as you. 她花掉的钱只有你花掉的一半。公式41：more than . as . as结构more than倍数词as形容词副词as说明此句型意为“是的几倍还不止”。“两倍”是twice，而三倍以

22、上的“倍”，通常用times。 He is more than three times as rich as I. (=He is three times richer than I.) 他的财富是我的三倍还不止。 He studies more than three times as hard as I. 他用功的程度是我的三倍还不止。 I am more than twice as old as he. 我的年龄是他的两倍还不止。 He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I (have). 他搜集的邮票是我的三倍还不

23、止。公式42：. times .er than .结构倍数词形容词或副词比较级than说明此句型意为“比大几倍”。“两倍”是twice，而三倍以上的“倍”，通常用times。 We now know that X-ray waves are 2,000 to 10,000 times shorter than light waves. 我们现在知道光波比光波短二千到一万倍。 This street is four times shorter than that one. 这条街道比那条短四倍。 The mother elephant is one hundred times heavier t

24、han the baby elephant. 这只母象比小象重一百倍。 It is ten times louder than another. 它比另外一个的声音大十倍。 This street is three times wider than that one. 这条街比那条街宽三倍。 I am twice older than he. 我的年纪比他大两倍。公式43：not so adj. as adj.结构not so形容词副词as形容词副词说明此句型意为“与其说是倒不如说是”。相当于“形容词副词rather than形容词副词”。 She is not so beautiful as

25、 charming. (=She is charming rather than beautiful.) 与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。 He is not so clever as diligent. 与其说他聪明倒不如说他勤奋。 She is not so kind as simple. 与其说她善良不如说她单纯。公式44：more and more .结构比较级and比较级说明此句型意为“愈来愈”。 The noise of traffic grows louder and louder. 交通的噪音变得愈来愈大。 It is getting hotter and hotter. 天气愈来愈

26、热。 You should study harder and harder. 你应该更用功念书。 The girl became more and more beautiful. 这女孩变得愈来愈漂亮了。With the rapid economical development, Chinas position on the international stage is getting more and more important.随着经济迅速发展，中国在国际舞台上的地位变得愈来愈重要了。公式45：not more . than .结构not morethan说明此句型意为“没有比更多；最多

27、只是和一样”。等于“at best as . as”。 She is not more beautiful than Mary. 她不比玛丽美丽顶多只是和玛丽一样美。 I was not more surprised than he (was). 我不像他那样惊讶。He is not more handsome than I. 他不比我潇洒顶多跟我一样潇洒。公式46 no more than .结构no more than名词说明此句型意为“仅仅”。等于“only名词”，强调稀少。 It will take no more than five days to read the book. 不到

28、五天，我就会把这本书读完。 It is no more than ten minutes walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 I had no more than 2 or 3 mistakes on my English assignment. 我的英文作业中只有两三处错误。公式47 not more than .结构not more than名词说明此句型意为“最多不超过”。等于“at most数词名词”。 It is not more than ten minutes walk from the station. 由车站走到这里最多十分钟的路程

29、。 Ill stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 For safetys sake, dont drive more than 30 kilometers per hour in the city. 为了安全起见，在市内开车时速不要超过三十公里。公式48：. more than anyone else结构比较级thananyone elseanything else说明此句型意为“比其它任何都还”。这是用比较级来表示最高级的同范围比较句型。anyone else 指人；anything else 指物。 John is more

30、diligent than anyone else in his class. 约翰比班上其它的同学用功。 Time is more precious than anything else in the world. 时间比世上任何东西都宝贵。 Mary is more beautiful than anyone else in her company. 玛丽在公司里比其它人都漂亮。We pay less attention to time than to anything else.我们对时间的不重视超过其它任何事物。公式49：nothing is .er than .结构nothing（或

31、 no名词）动词比较级than说明此句型意为“没有如此者”。这是用比较级来表示最高级的句型。 Nothing is more valuable than time, but nothing is less valued. 没有比时间更贵重的东西，但也没有比它更受轻视的东西。 No place is better than ones home. 没有任何地方比得上自己的家。 Nothing is more pleasant than staying home listening to music. 没有一件事比待在家里听音乐更愉快的了。 Nothing gives him more pleasu

32、re than helping someone in trouble. 没有一件事要比帮助陷入困境的人带给他更大的快乐。 There is nothing to which we pay less attention than time and air. 我们对时间和空气的不重视超过其它任何事物。公式50：. nothing more than N结构主语动词nothing more than名词说明此句型意为“只不过”。“nothing more than”等于“nothing but”。 Others are dismissed as nothing more than entertain

33、ment.有些只不过是被当做娱乐而不予考虑。 It is nothing more than a made-up story. 它只不过是杜撰的故事而已。 She wishes to be treated as nothing more than a common girl. 她希望被对待得只不过像一般的女孩子。公式51.er than ever结构比较级than ever说明此句型意为“比以前更”。than ever 等于 than ever before，意为“比以前任何时候”。 There it was, ticking away, louder than ever. 它就在那里，滴答地

34、走着，比以前更大声。 You should be more careful than ever. 你应该比以前更小心。Does she spend more money than ever? 她比以前花更多的钱吗？公式52：Who is the most .结构Who is the最高级？说明此句型意为“谁最？”。此句型中若将 who 改为 which，即用来询问一组事物中最具某种特色的，如例句4。 Who is the oldest of them? 他们之中谁的年纪最大？ Who is the most beautiful in their family? 谁是他们家里最美丽的人？ Who

35、 is the youngest here? 这里谁是最年轻的？Which is the most interesting subject for you? 哪个科目对你来说最有趣？公式53：the .est . not .结构最高级not说明最高级词类与 not 并用时，有“甚至都不”的意味。 The most foolish man knows his own name. 再笨的人都知道自己的名字。 The loveliest flower cannot beat her beauty. 再漂亮的花也比不上她的美丽。 The greatest scholar cannot solve th

36、is difficult problem.再伟大的学者也没有办法解答这个难题吧。 The richest man in the world cannot buy everything. 即使是世上最富有的人，也无法买到一切。 There is not the smallest chance of his escape. 他一点逃走的机会也没有。 Not even the thickest jacket was enough to keep out the cold. 就连最厚的夹克也不足以御寒。 The strongest man (that) you can think of cannot

37、tear the log apart with bare hands. 就连你所能想到的最壮的人也不能光用手就将木头撕裂。公式54：of all the N, the .est结构ofthe threethe fourall the复数名词，最高级子句说明此句型意为“在中，最”。但须注意：“of the two复数名词比较级子句”，表示“两者中较”，如例句7。最高级子句也可置于句首。 Of the three students, he is the best. 三个学生中，他是最好的。 Jane is the best of all the students in her class. 珍是班

38、中最好的学生。 Jane is the best of the three (students). 珍是三个学生中最好的一个。 Of all the high mountains, Mt. Jade is the highest. 在所有高山当中，玉山为最高。 Of all the four seasons, summer is the hottest. 在所有四季当中，夏天最热。 Of all the girls, she is the most beautiful. 在所有这些女孩子当中，她最美。 Of the two girls, Mary is more beautiful. 这两个女

39、孩中，玛丽较漂亮。公式55：A is the .est among .结构主语be 动词最高级(名词)among说明此句型意为“是之中最”。最高级后的名词通常省略。 The Chuo-shui River is the longest one among them. 浊水溪是其中最长的一条。 Which river is the shortest among them? 哪一条河流是它们之中最短的？ Paris is the most beautiful among the cities. 巴黎是这些城市中最美的。公式56：A is the .est N in .结构Abe 动词the最高级名

40、词in场所。说明此句型意为“A 是里面最”。the 不能漏掉。 Jane is the best student in her class. 珍是她班上最好的学生。 Mr. Jones is the busiest man in the office. 琼斯先生是办公室里最忙的人。 The baseball game on Tuesday is the most important game this year. 星期二的棒球赛是今年最重要的棒球赛。公式57：A is the .est of N结构主语be 动词the最高级of复数名词说明此句型意为“是最的”。本句型的意思等于“主语be 动词

41、the最高级单数名词”。 Robert Frost was the most American of American poets. 罗伯佛洛斯特是最具美国风格的美国诗人。 He is the strictest of teachers in our school. 他是我们学校最严格的老师。 It is the most popular of movies. 这是最受欢迎的电影。 English is the most international of languages. 英语是最国际化的语言。 It is the most difficult of examinations. 那是最难的

42、考试。 You must make the most of your opportunities. 你必须尽量利用机会。公式58：A is the .est of all.结构主语be 动词the最高级of all说明此句型意为“是最为”。“最高级of all”的语气比“最高级”强。 These frozen foods are the most convenient of all. 这些冷冻食品是最为方便。 It is the most important of all. 那是最为重要的。 They are the most dependable of all. 他们是最为可靠的。公式59：

43、A is most .结构主语be 动词没有 the 的最高级说明在以下几种场合里的最高级之前没有 the：被用来代替“very原级”或“very”以加强 语气时前面没有 the；most 的含义是“多数”时前面没有 the；用作最高级副词时前面没有 the；带有所有格的最高级形容词之前没有 the。 I think he is a most learned man. 我认为他是个很有学问的人。 A most beautiful girl came to see him yesterday. 昨天有一个很漂亮的女孩来看他。 Such a most talented person as he s

44、houldnt be satisfied with what he is. 像他这么有才华的人不应满足于现状。 A comet is at perihelion when it is closest (=very close) to the sun. 彗星最接近太阳时，它就是在近日点。 A person is most disappointed when he is in despair. 一个人在绝望时最失望。 He is calmest (=very calm) when he is all by himself. 他一人独处时极为平静。 The sentence of six month

45、s imprisonment was most unjust. 六个月监禁的判决极其不公。 Most people need six to eight hours of sleep every day.多数人每天需要六至八小时的睡眠。 Most learned men are modest. 大部分有学问的人都很谦虚。 I like apples best of all fruits. 所有水果中我最喜欢苹果。 Bill runs quickly, Jack runs more quickly than Bill, and Bob runs most quickly of all. 比尔跑得快，杰克跑得比比尔快，鲍伯在三者中跑得最快。 Janes worst fault is her quick temper. 珍最大的毛病是她的急性子。 She is my youngest sister. 她是我最小的妹妹。