专题17 语法填空之记叙文--五年（2018—2022）高考英语真题精选分类训练.docx

1、 17 记叙文Passage2（2022年新高考II卷）Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _36_ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three y

2、ears old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK. _37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell _38_ (sleep) while watching TV. E

3、ric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up _39_ (see) them. When he looked down, he _40_ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes _41_ screamed for his father, but his father didnt hear him.

4、Henry _42_ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _43_ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my _44_ (son) life, said Mrs. Brown. I dont know _45_ to thank him. ”I just didnt want the boy to be hurt, said Hen

5、ry. 【答案解析】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. sons 45. how【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为

6、“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填

7、asleep。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。

8、【41题详解】考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。【43题详解】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根

9、据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。【44题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填sons。【45题详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。Passage2（2022年全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recentl

10、y hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xian, as a first step _61_ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _62_ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road For

11、um for International Cooperation _63_ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. _64_ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environment

12、al _65_ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _66_ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years. Cao _67_ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,

13、 Africas _68_ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers _69_ Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20, _70_ (plan) to hike back to Xian in five months.【答案解析】61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 65. protection 66. meaningfu

14、l 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70. planning【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。【62题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行

15、词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。【64题详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。【

16、65题详解】考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。【66题详解】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。【67题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此

17、处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。【68题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africas可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。【69题详解】考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xian to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配fromto表示“从到”。故填from。【70题详解】考查非谓语

18、动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。Passage3（2021年新高考II卷）Ive always loved the ocean. In the_36_ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many se

19、a animals eat plastic garbage, _37_ (think)it is food.I decided to do something _38_ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company_39_ used a lot of plastic, Id send i

20、t an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company_40_ emailed its president. I told him how _41_ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider

21、using more eco-friendly options. I was so_42_ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _43_ (be) Alaska Air

22、lines Paris. A company _44_ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _45_ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案解析】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which#that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. from【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲

23、述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，_2_ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，_3_ (educate) people about this

24、problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， _4_ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉

25、他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200

26、个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从.到., 所以填from。Passage4（2021年全国甲卷）The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _41_ (build) originally to protect the city _42_

27、the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible _43_ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After _44_ (spend) some

28、time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _45_ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We _46_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky _47_ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all _48

29、_ way around the Xian City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and _49_ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _50_ (day) routines.【答案解析】41. was built 42.in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but

30、 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。【41题】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。【42题】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。【43题

31、】考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。【44题】考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。【45题】考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还

32、有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。【46题】考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。【47题】考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。【48题】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all

33、the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。【49题】考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。【50题】考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。Passage5（2021年北京卷B篇）Sam is

34、 an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his dayWhile riding his bike home _14_ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herselfThe poor woman wasnt able to give him any information about _15_ she livedSam walked her to a near

35、by convenience store so that she could _16_（safe） wait for the police to take her home【答案解析】14. on 15. where 16. safely【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam救助一个老妇人的故事。【14题详解】考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词on。故填on。【15题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是

36、宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。【16题详解】考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。Passage6（2021年北京卷C篇）There _17_(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,_18_(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a

37、new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,_19_(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic lossMuch of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need _20_ (invest) in disaster prevention.【答案解析】17. has

38、been 18. caused 19. resulting 20. to invest【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的，引发重大自然灾害，造成了极大的经济损失，因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。【17题详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。【18题详解】考查

39、非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知

40、，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。Passage7（2021年6月浙江卷）It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _36_ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the hou

41、se was Abraham and Mary Lincolns home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it _37_ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _38_ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much _39_ （small）than it is today. Marys niece wrote, The little home _40_ （paint）white. It wa

42、s sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of _41_ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, _42_ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a

43、garden for one year. Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over _43_ （plant）flowers in the front yard. _44_ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President

44、 of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _45_ （sell）most of their furniture.【答案解析】36. has proved/has proven 37.for 38. marriage 39. smaller 40. was painted 41. herself 42. neither 43. to plant 44. The 45. sold【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。【36题】考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下

45、深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词

46、prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。【37题】考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以价格买某物”。故填for。【38题】考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“

47、婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。【39题】考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。【40题】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was buil

48、t可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。【41题】考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。【42题】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neithernor”，意为“既不也不”。故填neither。【4

49、3题】考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。【44题】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。【45题】考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成

50、分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。Passage8（2020新课标）In ancient China lived an artist. _61_ paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to co

51、me and present their _62_ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. _63_(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the

52、greatest artist in the world.Filled with _64_ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. _65_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _66_ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out _67_ (find) th

53、e well-known painter. As the small boat moved, _68_ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. _69_

54、 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist _70_ earth, Mother Nature.【答案解析】61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. On【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送

55、给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。61.考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。62.考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。63.考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作

56、送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。64.考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。65.考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。66.考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可

57、以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。67.考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。68.考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。69.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the so

58、ft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。70.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。Passage9（2020年北京卷A篇）Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food_1_(play) a big role in his life. My mum was

59、 a great cook, and shed sometimes let me have a try, he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mums help. Oliver says if youre_2_(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them_3_you can join in when its possible.【答案解析

60、】1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether【解析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。【2题详解】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填luc

61、ky。【3题详解】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。_ you can join in when its possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。Passage10（2019全国卷II）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at

62、 the pet shop in Macclesfield, _62_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire)

63、from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _67_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business

64、-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _69_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its _70_ (wond

65、er).”【答案解析】【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。61.being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。62.which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。63.finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以

66、认可”，故填finally。64.declared【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。65.to retire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“的计划”，故填to retire。66.have made【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。67.but 【解析】考查并列连词。

67、根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是而是 ”之意，故填but。68.saying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。69.a【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。70.wonderful【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。Passage11（2019全国卷II

68、I）On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience

69、 with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us

70、 know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _68_ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the N

71、orth Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案解析】【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。61.【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。62.【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子

72、不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。63.【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。64.【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。65.【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。66.【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空

73、格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。67.【解析】考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。68.【解析】考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。69.【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。70.【解析】考查分词。本句谓语

74、动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。Passage12（2019北京卷A篇）On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I _1_(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “Ho

75、w will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _2_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案解析】【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困

76、惑，妈妈的话让他受益终身。1.voiced【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用过去式。故填voiced。2.facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。3.myself【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语

77、要用反身代词。故填myself。Passage13（2018全国卷III）Im not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lun

78、gs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_65_(challenge).My name

79、 is Mireya Mayor. Im a _66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _67_ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _

80、68_(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _70_ (stay)and watch.【答案解析】61. which/who 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处

81、为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”62. the【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。63. loudest【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。64. looking【解析】考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。65. challenged 【解析】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。65. scientist【解析】考

82、查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。67.for【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。68. them 【解析】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。69. meant【解析】考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。70. to stay【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。Passage14（2018浙江卷）Few people I know s

83、eem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I

84、 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There

85、 could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _65_ din

86、ner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.【答案解析】【文章大意】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。56. dishes 【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。57. who/that 【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指

87、人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。58. it 【解析】考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，用it 是形式主语。故填it。59.visiting 【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。60. was shocked. 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示我感到很震惊。shock的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成系表结构，表示过去发生的事，系动词用过去式

88、。故填was shocked。61. have become 【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。62. affordable 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。63. higher 【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。64.weight 【解析】考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。65.for 【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示目的用介词for，故填for。