主谓一致之就近原则（讲义）.docx

1、高中英语主谓一致之就近原则1. 通过学习本课，能够全面掌握主谓一致问题中的就近原则。2. 通过学习本课，能够初步了解就近原则在主谓一致中的注意事项。重点：掌握就近原则的几种情况。难点：掌握就近原则的分析方法及技巧和变通。1. 主谓一致主要考查考生对句式的理解，判断主语的类型，进而与谓语动词协调搭配，保证句式的正确与完整。近年来主谓一致的考查题目并不多，而且在大部分试卷当中有逐年减少的趋势。2. 高考中主谓一致是考生复习时必备的重要看考点。从高考命题的取材和立意来看，对主谓一致的考查仍然会出现在并列句和复合句中，会与其他考点相结合，对学生辨识句式的能力进行考查。因此，要对主谓一致的知识有清晰的理

2、解。not onlybut also等连接名词或代词作主语就近原则，即谓语动词的数与最靠近它的那部分主语保持一致。由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, not but等连接多个主语时，其谓语与其相邻的那个主语的数保持一致。Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.不仅仅是我，珍妮和玛丽也都厌烦了一个接一个的考试。Not only he but also I am invited. 我和他都受邀请了。Neither th

3、e children nor the teacher knows anything about it. 学生和老师都对此一无所知。Neither he nor I have been to Beijing.他和我都没有去过北京。Is either he or you going there?是他还是你要去那儿？Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be答案：B思路分析：Either or连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单

4、复数。One of your students 谓语应用单数形式。there be句型中的主语在there be句型及其变形结构中，如果句子的主语不止一个，谓语动词通常和邻近的，即第一个主语保持一致。There is a dictionary and some magazines on the desk.书桌上有一本字典和许多杂志。There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。There are two books, some paper and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有两本书、一些纸和一支钢笔。There

5、a lot of fish and water in the lake.A. have B. are C. has D. is 答案：B思路分析：首先看到there be句型，应用be而非have。另外，要明确be动词的形式应当遵循就近原则，须与a lot of fish保持一致，此处的fish应为“鱼”，当为可数名词复数形式，故而选择复数谓语are。1. Not only Ann but also her parents _ at home every Sunday. A. stay B. stays C. have stayed D. has stayed 2. There a book

6、and some pencils on the desk.A. have B. are C. has D. is 3. One or perhaps more pages _ missing.A. is B. are C. has been D. was4. Not Jim but I your English teacher.A. is B. am C. are D. were 答案： 1 A 2. D 3. B 4. B思路分析：1. not onlybut also连接两个并列的结构作主语，遵循就近原则，故而谓语动词形式与parents保持一致，考虑到时间状语为every Sunday，故而应用一般现在时。2. there be句型不与实义动词have连用，而须用be。另外，遵循就近原则，谓语动词形式与a book保持一致，因此选择D。3. or连接两个名词作主语，需要遵循就近原则，因此谓语动词须与more pages保持一致，用复数形式，因此选择B。4. notbut连接并列结构作主语，谓语动词形式须与but后的名词或代词保持一致，因此此处应该与I保持一致，选择am。