初三英语中考从句专题复习名补教案 （含答案）.docx

1、初三英语总复习补习班名补教案目标提高班 名师培优精讲从句非谓语动词非谓语动词【教学内容】1. 宾语从句的引导词在复合句子中，作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。例如：I want to know whose book this is.我想知道这是谁的书。宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。例如：He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成

2、工作。Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗？(1) 以that引导的宾语从句：that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。(2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句：从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问

3、句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。I dont care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。1) 接带to的动词不定式。She doesnt know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。2)与or not连

4、用时。Im not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。(3) 特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句：此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门？H

5、e didnt tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。2. 宾语从句的语序由whether/ if和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。Where does your father work? Can you tell us? Can you tell us where your father works? 你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？Did you get home very late? He asked me. He asked me if I got h

6、ome very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。3. 宾语从句的时态对应(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。例如：My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时）我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。My teacher says he is watching TV. （现在进行时）我的老师说他正在看电视。My teacher says he has seen the movie. （现在完成时）我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。例如：My father said he

7、 was watching TV at that time.（过去进行时）我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。My father said the he had already seen the movie. （过去完成时）我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。4. 宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess

8、/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：I dont think theyll wait to the last minute，will they？ 我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？I dont believe he did this, did he? 我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？1. Jack, could you tell me _ for traveling this summer? We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.A. where your family will g

9、o B. how will your family goC. how your family will go D. where will your family go2. Could you tell me _? In August, 2019.A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take placeB. when will the Youth Olympic Games take placeC. where the Youth Olympic Games will take placeD. when the Youth Olympic Games wi

10、ll take place3. Could you please tell me _? Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it.A. where is Mount WudangB. how can I get to Wulong RiverC. what is Shenlongjia famous forD. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan4. Do you know _? This afternoon.A. when will the policeman give us a talk B. where

11、 will the policeman give us a talkC. when the policeman will give us a talk D. where the policeman will give us a talk5. I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder _.A. where you buy the ticketsB. why you like to go thereC. if youd like to come alongD. when you watch the match6She got a

12、nice skirt as a present on her birthdayDo you know _?Awhat was it made ofBhow much did it costCwho buys it for herDwhere she bought it7. Do you know _ the meeting? Tomorrow morning.A. when they hadB. when they are going to haveC. when did they haveD. when are they going to have8. I didnt know _.A. w

13、hen would the train arriveB. where could I get the bookC. what has been doneD. who left the message 9. Could you tell me_ yuanxiao in China? Usually at Lantern Festival. A. when do people eat B. how do people eat C. when people eat D. how people eat10. I dont understand _ such a silly question in cl

14、ass yesterdayA. why did John askB. why John askedC. why is John askingD. why John asks1. 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.这是他为我生日送的礼物。Do you know everybody who came to the party?你认识来宴会的每一位吗？Thi

15、s is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.这是毛主席曾经居住过的地方。2. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法（1） who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如： The person who broke the window must pay for it. 打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。 The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。（2） whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如： Do you know the young man (whom) we met

16、 at the gate？ 你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗？ Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 你要见的李先生已经来了。（3）whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如： The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。 I know the boy whose father is a professor. 我认识他父亲是教授的那个男孩。（4）which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如： A dictionary is a book which gi

17、ves the meaning of words. 字典是一本解释单词意思的书。 Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. 这是老师昨天提到的那本书。（5） that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如： Ive read the newspaper that / which carries the important news. 我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。 Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there? 正在那儿读报纸的人是谁

18、？（6）when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如： Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。 He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 就在我离开那天他到得北京。（7）where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的那个房子。 The factory where his father works is in the east of the

19、 city. 父亲工作的那个工厂在城市的东边。3. 关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。（1） 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。例如：I dont like people who talk much but do little. 我不喜欢说得多而做得少的人。 The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.

20、湖北生产的汽车销售得很好。（2） 作宾语：例如：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. 她是我昨天在校门口遇见的那个人。The book that my grandmother gave me is called The Great Escape. 奶奶给我的那本书叫大逃亡。（3） 作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：Whats the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男子叫什么名字？The girl whose

21、 father is a teacher studies very hard. 她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习很努力。（4） 作状语Ill never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 我将从不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。This is the house where I was born. 这是我出生的那个房子。4. 具体使用时注意下列问题：只能使用that,不用which 的情况：(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he

22、 said is true. 所有他说的都是真的。(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, few, much, no, some, only, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。例如：This is the only book that the old woman is interested in. 这是仅有的一本老妇人感兴趣的书。(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：It was the second house that I bought.这是我买的第二个房子。(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。例如：Thi

23、s is the best book (that) I have read this year.这是我今年读过的最好的书。(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things that he remembered.他谈论他记起得的人和事。只能用which，不能用that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从句中。例如：I will take this one, which was exactly what we wanted.我想买这个，它确实是我想要的。(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：The thin

24、g about which he is talking is of great importance.他在谈论的那个事是很重要的。(3) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this相似。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.他在比赛中成功了，这使他父母很高兴。1. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he c

25、hose to shake hands with the people _ wanted to kill him.A. whoseB. which C. /D. who2. Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China ( 舌尖上的中国)? Yeah! Itsthemost funnyone_Ihaveeverseen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where3. Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher? Oh, she is my sister.A. who

26、 B. whose C. whom D. where4. Do you know the man _ saved five people in the fire? A. who B. it C. when D. whom 5. He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house _ he built himself out of trash. A. where B. what C. which D. in which6. People _ overweight need more water than thin people. Awho isBwhi

27、ch are Cthat isDwho are7. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _ he did was to look for some food.A. who B. that C. which D. whom8. Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? The man _ T-shirt is red.A. that B. who C. which D. whose9. Where is the School English Speech Contest going to

28、be held tonight? Im not sure. Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people?A. where B. what C. that D. when10. What kind of movies do you like? I like movies _ scary monsters.A. which has B. that have C. what has D. why have1. A。句意：Jack，你能告诉我今天夏天你和家人将去哪里旅游吗？我们计划去海南看美丽的大海。本题考查宾语从句。根据题干中的回答“去海南看海”可排除C、D两项；

29、又因为宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故选A项。2. D。句意：你能告诉我青奥会什么时候举行吗？2019年8月。根据问句Could you tell me ?可知，后面的特殊疑问句作tell的宾语，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除A、B两项；根据答语可知，问的是时间，排除C项，故选D项。3. D。本句意为：你能告诉我十堰是否有一个新的飞机场吗？当然，许多十堰的人们都知道。从句的语序是陈述句语序“引导词+主语+谓语+”，故答案选D。4. C。句意：你知道这个警察什么时候来给我们作报告吗？今天下午。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和B；又根据答语可知是对时间进行提问，故答案为C项。5. C。我有几张篮球赛的票。我

30、想知道你是否愿意和我一起去。本题考查宾语从句。A、B、D项均不符合题干中前后句的逻辑关系，故答案为C项。6. D。句意：她过生日的时候买了一条漂亮的裙子作为礼物。你知道她在哪买的吗？宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A、B两项。由第一句可知，买裙子是过去发生的事情，故宾语从句须用一般过去时，排除C项。故答案为D项。7. B。句意：你知道他们什么时候开会吗？明天上午。tomorrow morning为一般将来时的标志词，故可排除A、C两项。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，排除D项，故选B。8. D。句意：我不知道是谁留下的信息。宾语从句应该使用陈述句语序，而A、B两个选项都是疑问句语序，故排除；C选项时态不

31、对，主句是过去时，从句也应用相应的过去时，故选D。 9. C。根据答句我们发现问句应该提问何时吃元宵，那么排除B、D选项；A、C的区别在于语序不同，宾语从句一大考点就是语序，从句部分应为主谓正常语序，所以A错了。10. B。根据宾语从句的陈述语序，排除A、C，再根据宾语从句的时态规律，可见主句是一般现在时understand，从句中出现yesterday，则从句用一般过去时。1. D。句意：在曼德拉1990获得自由后，他选择了与想杀他的人握手。先行词指人，所以选who。2. A。本句意为：你看舌尖上的中国这部纪录片了吗？它是我看过最有趣的一个纪录片。先行词有最高级修饰，关系代词选that。3.

32、 A。句意：你知不知道跟我们老师谈话的那个女孩是谁？哦，她是我的妹妹。本句中先行词是the girl，且the girl做后面定语从句的主语，故选用主格who。4. A。句意：你知道那个在大火中救了五个人的人吗？根据先行词是man，故选A who。5. C。本题考查定语从句。限行词the house在定语从句中作built的宾语，所以选which。6. D。句意：超重的人需要的水比瘦的人多。定语从句的先行词是people，且关系词在从句中作主语，故答案为D项。7. B。句意：当鲁滨逊到达岛上时，他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰，故只能选用关系

33、词that，因此B项正确。8. D。本句意为：刘华，哪个是你的新邻居？定语从句的关系词whose 等于先行词的所有格（即先行词s）；该题的先行词是the man，所以whose T-shirt = The man s T-shirt，故答案选D。9. C。句意：学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行?我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗？where作为定语从句的地点状语；when充当定语从句中时间状语；what充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和标语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句，这个定语从句中缺少主语，故用代词that来充当。故选C。10. B。本题意为：你喜欢什么类型的电影？我喜欢那种有可怕的怪物的电影。movies复数名词后面接have，故答案选B。