北师大版高中英语必修五第8讲：Unit 15 Learning-词汇篇2（教师版）.docx

1、Unit15 Learning 词汇篇2_通过本节课，学生可掌握unit15中重点句型及其用法，并通过各个题型的练习，巩固词汇基础，提升综合解题能力。一、重点句型1. Now Im about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at QinghuaUniversity with a Bachelors Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning. 现在我通过远程学习即将从清华大学的继续教育学院毕业，获得计算机工程专业的学士学位。基本用法：1. be about to

2、 do.即将.；马上.2. with短语在句中充当伴随状语的成分。2. I think that getting laid off will prove to be the best thing that ever happened to me. 我觉得被解雇将证明是发生在我身上的最好的一件事。基本用法1. 此句为主从复合句，think后面的that从句是宾语从句，that是连词，不作成分，可以省略掉；gettinglaid off是动名词做主语，同时，get done 是一个系表结构，表示被动；the best thing 后面的that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词thing，that是关系代

3、词，在从句中充当主语。2. prove to be .证明是.prove 既可以用做行为动词，又可以做系动词。当用作行为动词时，含义是“证明.”; 而当用作系动词时，含义是“被证明是”。一般来说，联系动词本身含有被动含义，所以不再用于被动语态。后面往往跟形容词或to be或名词或分词做表语。He proved the theory and it proved to be correct.他证明了那个理论，理论被证明是正确的。He proved to be unequal to the job.他不能胜任那个工作。3. I decided that it was time I became an

4、 Internet user. 我断定是成为互联网用户的时候了。基本用法此句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句。It was time (that). 该做.了It is (high) time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。如：It is time that the children went to bed.=It is high time that the children should go to bed.孩子们该上床睡觉了。相关句型还有 Its time for sb. to do sth. 某人该做某事的时候了4. Fou

5、nded in 1896, Tredona School is proud of its long list of outstanding past students. 创办于1896年，Tredona学校为长串的卓著的过去的学生感到骄傲。基本用法1. 此句中，过去分词短语founded in 1896作状语，与句子的主语Tredona School 有逻辑上的动宾关系。2. be proud of 意为“为.感到骄傲，自豪”。3. list 意为“名单，清单”5. .I hate to think what will become of my reputation as an excelle

6、nt accountant! 我不敢想对于我这个优秀会计的名声会发生什么! 基本用法1.此句为主从复合句，what引导是宾语从句，在从句充当主语。2. become of=happen to （使）遭遇；（使）发生，（结果）怎么样What has become of my dictionary?When we were wondering what had become of the other farmers, they suddenly showed up.注： become of 通常与作主语的what, whatever 连用。6. I suppose I was a bit lazy

7、 and now I wish Id done more work, especially in maths. 我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，尤其是在数学上。基本用法1. 此句为主从复合句, I was a bit lazy 是宾语从句，省略了引导词that。Id done more work.也是宾语从句，省略了引导词that。2.a bit 有点，稍微。如：He thinks the vegetable is a bit tasteless.他觉得蔬菜没有什么味道。Your article is a bit long for our paper.你的文章对我们的报纸而言长

8、了一点。注意：a bit和a bit of 以及a little 的区别。a bit修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，a bit of修饰名词!a bit和a little都作一点儿讲，但用法不同。 (1). a bit和a little在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换，表示一点儿的意思。例如：The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。(2). a bit和a little在否定句中的意思恰恰相反，not a bit相当

9、于not at all(一点儿都不)；not a little相当于very(much)或extremely(很、非常)。例如：She is not a bit tired.(=She is not tired at all.)她一点都不累。(3). a little可以直接作定语修饰名词，而a bit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。例如：There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch.午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。(4). a bit of的另一种形式是bits of，a little则没有这种变体。例如:Besid

10、es this, he used part of an oldarmy wireless set,and some bits of wood.除此之外，他还利用了一部分旧的军用无线电发报机的一部分零件和一些木片。3. wish后面引导了一个表示愿意的从句，用的是虚拟语气。wish+ that 从句用一般过去时，表示现在愿望；从句用过去完成时，表示过去的愿望；从句用“could/would+动词原形，表示将来愿望。I wish I were as clever as you.I wish I had not wasted so much time in the past.I wish I cou

11、ld go to a famous university one day.7. I know that I wasnt a willing student and I shouldnt have been so difficult at school, but itwas probably because I lacked confidence in myself. 我知道我上学时不是一个特别听话的学生，而且原本不该那么难管教，但那时可能是因为我缺乏自信。基本用法1. that i wasnt a willing student.是宾语从句，but连接的是并列复合句，表示转折。because引

12、导是表语从句。2.shouldnt have done 本不该做某事儿实际做了。是一种虚拟语气，表示对过去所发生事情的后悔，责备，遗憾等。should/ought to have done. 本应该做某事而实际没做。如：You shouldnt have done it without consulting me.你不该没有询问我就做了那件事。You should have told me earlier.你本应该早点儿告诉我的。（实际上没有早点儿告诉）3. lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏自信8. Who questions much, shall learn

13、 much, and remember much. 勤于提问的人将学到更多，记住的也多。基本用法1. 此句为主从复合句，who引导的是主语从句，在从句中充当主语。2. shall 的用法：与第一人称连用，表示将来。如：We shall be landing in Pairs in sixteen minutes, exactly on time.与第一、三人称连用，表示委婉地提出请求或征求意见。Shall I telephone her and ask her to come here?与第二、三人称连用，表示强制、命令、威胁、警告、允诺、义务等。You shall pay for it!（通

14、常指按照规则或法律规定）必须，一定The rule says everyone shall not make noises in public places.9. It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. 现在，我们如何获取知识和理解似乎显而易见。基本用法1. 此句为主从复合句，how引导的主语从句后置，前面的 it 作形式主语。2. It seems obvious 似乎很明显.seem 意为”好像，仿佛，似乎“。 当主语是人或物时，后跟adj./adv./prep./n./to do还有，”It see

15、ms+ 从句“ 的结构。如：The story seems very interesting.这个故事似乎很有意思。They seem to be in trouble now.他们似乎陷入麻烦了。Tom seems to be a nice boy.汤姆似乎是个好孩子。I seem to have lost all my self-confidence.我似乎已经失去自信了。It seems as if it is going to rain.似乎要下雨了。10. However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that t

16、his type of thinking wasthe way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day. 然而，在17世纪，当弗兰西斯培根提出这种思维是获取知识的方式时，他背离了当时的观念。基本用法1. 此句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句。此句中suggest是表明的意思，所以不用虚拟语气。2. the way+不定式/of doing sth./that或in which省略关系词引导的定语从句。如：He has a good way to make his class interesting.Free

17、zing isnt a bad way of preserving food.I dont like the way the beggars are treated in our city.3. view 观点，看法；景色；视野；风景照 如：have a strong political viewsa mountain/sea viewhave a good viewa book with views of Pairs4. go against 反对例1. China opened its door to the outside world in 1978. that had far-reac

18、hing effects. A. Did a new development come then B. Came then a new development C. Then came a new development D. Then did a new development come解析：考查倒装语序。then位于句首,句子应全部倒装。答案：C例2. To make sure that relics in the museum are well-preserved, Tibets cultural preservation institutions have modern technol

19、ogies to monitor the conditions of the relics. A. adaptedB. appliedC. appointedD. abolished解析：apply意为提供，符合句意。答案：B例3. The next moment, she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over the head. A. beforeB. whenC. sinceD. as解析：句意：下一刻（接下来）在她有时间意识到发生了什么之前她被击中了头部。before之前，还没来得及就；when当时；since自

20、从；as因为，当时。答案：A例4. - I let my secretary call you several times. Do you know that?- I in a meeting. Im sorry. A. had beenB. wasC. amD. have been解析：考查时态。根据上下文可知，谈话双方是在回忆过去的事，“当时我正在开会”，所以没有接到对方秘书的电话，故此处应为一般过去时态。 答案：B例5. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by th

21、e title. A. mustB. needC. canD. would解析：本题考查情态动词。句意：你没有必要通过作者姓名去找图书，你可以通过标题找。根据句意可知应选can，表示“可以”,其他词汇语气和词义均不符合要求。答案：C基础演练一、单词拼写 1. The a of a triangle add up to 180 degrees.2. The boy, unwilling to take exercise, fell behind his father, d his feet.3. We two graduated from the same school. We are f st

22、udents.4. In many countries, it is considered to be rude to (吐痰) in public.5. The only (进入之路) to the farmhouse is across the fields.二、翻译（单词短语翻译） 6. set off 7. 因缺乏 8. set up 9. catch sb.doing sth. 10. be eager to do sth. 巩固提高一、翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）1. 学生按自己的速度学习，老师很少进行测试。Students study their own and the teac

23、hers seldom set tests.2. 教给学生真正的生活技巧以提高他们的整体素质是我们的目标。Our goal is to the students whole being by each of them reallife skills.3. 由于学校声誉好但地方有限，学生应早来申请。 the limited number of places and our excellent , students should early.4. 我们的老师从事教学工作并让学生参与学习过程。(词数不限)Our teachers are teach and get students to in th

24、e learning process.5. 难道你不认为应该慢慢来吗?Dont you think you should things ?6. 我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。(词数不限)I suppose I was a bit lazy and now I wish I more work, especially in maths.7. 我不知道原子是什么东西，并且我也不想知道!I had no idea an atom was and I didnt really want to know !8. 他非常聪明，本该在其他所有课程中做得更好一些。He wa

25、s very bright and much better in all his other subjects.9. 老师的责任就是进入学生的内心世界。(词数不限)The thing about a teacher is you have students mind.10. 作为教师我能做的是把像格雷厄姆那样的孩子变成一个成功的成年人。 I do as a teacher can help a child like Graham into such a successful adult.Keys: 基础演练一、单词拼写1. angles2. dragging3. fellow4. spit5.

26、 access二、翻译（单词短语翻译）6. 出发；动身；点燃， 爆炸7. for lack of.8. 创办，建立；设立9. 抓到某人正在做某事，抓个现行10. 渴望做某事巩固提高 一、翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）1. at; pace2. contribute to; giving3. Due to; reputation; apply4. employed to; participate5. take; easier6. had done7. what; either8. should have done9. being; that; access to10. What; turn一、单项

27、选择1. - How about eight oclock outside the cinema?- That me fine. A. fitsB. meetsC. satisfiesD. suits2. Eating too much fat can heart diseases and causehigh blood pressure. A. result fromB. attend toC. contribute toD. devote to3. Youre welcome to come with us now in our car. you could go later with M

28、ary. Its up to you. A. AlternativelyB. AlternativeC. To chooseD. To alter4. Scientists have to work hard to keep with modern discoveries and developments. A. companyB. trackC. paceD. touch5. He looked at his face in the mirror. A. reflectB. reflectingC. reflectedD. to reflect6. A notice was in order

29、 to remind the students of the changed lecture time. A. sent upB. given upC. set upD. put up7. China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. A. reputationB. influenceC. impressionD. knowledge8. Im amazed to hear from my school teacher again. , it is ten

30、years since we met last. A. In a wordB. Whats more C. Thats to sayD. Believe it or not9. At the meeting they discussed three different to the study of mathematics. A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. ways10. - Shall we go to the art exhibition right away? A. Its your opinionB. I don t mind C. Its all

31、up to youD. Thats your decision11. The two girls are getting on very well and share with each other. A. littleB. muchC. someD. none12. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where13. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I

32、 have driven her there. A. couldB. mustC. nightD. should14. - He says that my new car is a of money.- Dont you think those words are just sour grapes? A. lackB. loadC. questionD. waste15. How I wish I his advice! A. wouldnt followB. didnt follow C. hadnt followedD. were not followedKeys：DCACC DADAC

33、BDDDC_一、 单项选择1 .Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_.（2019湖北27）A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable 2. I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. （2019湖北28）A. faithful B. parallel

34、 C. relevant D. similar3. The girl used to be shy, but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. （2019湖北29）A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely 4. Andy is content with the toy. It is he has ever got. （2019四川7）A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best5

35、. If you come to visit China, you will _ a culture of amazing depth and variety. （2019安徽22）A. developB. createC. substituteD. experience二、阅读理解A Sorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the Cruelty young age of 30. It used to be thought that this couldnt be helped, but new studies sho

36、w that people of any age can train their brains to work faster. Your brain is a learning machine, says University of California scientist Dr. Michael Merzenich. Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger. All thats required is the practice designed just

37、for the purpose: a few exercises for the mind. Merzenich has developed a computer-based training method to speed up the process（过程） in which the brain deals with information (posit ). Since much of the data we receive comes through speech, the Brain Fitness Program works with language and hearing to

38、 better speed and accuracy（准确性）. Over the course of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish（辨别） sounds (between dog and bog, for example) at an increasingly faster speed. Its a bit like tennis instructor, says Merzenich, hitting balls at you faster and faster to keep you challenged（受到

39、挑战）. You may start out slow, but before long youre pretty quick. The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn. And it may even speed up while in the process. To keep your brain young and plas

40、tic you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite you: playing table tennis or bridge, doing crossword puzzles, learning a language. When it comes to preventing aging, you really do use it or lose it, says Barbara Sahakian, professor at Cambridge University.1. Dr. Merzenichs t

41、raining method mainly depends on . A. speech training B. computer languages C. the activities one joins in D. the information being dealt with2. By saying the brain at any age is highly plastic, the writer probably means the brain can be . A. usedB. masteredC. developedD. researched3. What can we le

42、arn from the text? A. Practice makes a quick mind. B. Brain research started ten years ago. C. Dr. Merzenich is a scientist in computer. D. People believed nothing could stop the brain slowing down.4. Which of the following agrees with the writers idea? A. The training methods work better for the ol

43、d. B. People should use the brain to stop it from aging. C. The training of the brain should start at an early age. D. Its necessary to take part in as many activities as possible.B Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Amer

44、icans interact（互动） these days. The term is networked individualism. This concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals（个体） and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks. Here is what Professor Wellman means. Befo

45、re the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social networks included live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and friends. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time. A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Pro

46、ject showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say thats a good thing. Why? In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated（孤立） us and caused us

47、to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with more real people than expectedhelpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. Abou

48、t 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions. Thanks to the computer, we are able to be alone and together with other people - at the same time!1. The underlined phrase networked individualism probably means that by using compute

49、rs people . A. stick to their own ways no matter what other people say B. have the rights and freedom to do things of their own interest C. do things in their own ways and express opinions different from other people D. are able to keep to themselves but at the same time reach out to other people2.

50、According to the Pew study, what do many people rely on to make major life decisions? A. Networks.B. Friends.C. Phones.D. Parents.3. It can be inferred from the Pew study that . A. people have been separated from each other by using computers B. the Internet makes people waste a lot of time and feel

51、 very lonely C. the Internet has become a tool for a new kind of social communication D. a lot of people regard the person-to-person communication as a good thing三、短文7选5 Do you want to take time to get in touch with yourself, your feelings, your dreams, and a good, healthy life? Here are some tips:

52、1. Sometimes it seems as if our culture has begun to view the need for sleep as a sign of weakness. But your body was genetically（基因地） programmed to spend a third of its life on sleep, and this affects thinking, memory, growth, your immune（免疫的） system and even your weight. Begin the day in thankfuln

53、ess. 2. Name each person and hold them in your thoughts. The sense of thankfulness you experience will set a peaceful tone for the entire day, and reduce a days stress that can lead to sleeplessness that night. Strike a balance. 3. Think about tai chi, prayer, yoga（瑜伽）any daily activity that allows

54、you to develop a peaceful center and a sense of balance. Play with friends. The tend and be friend studies, as they are called, conducted by UCLA researcher, Shelly Taylor, Ph.D. indicate that when women are stressed, they tend to their children and play with other women. 4. Use guided imagination.

55、5. The tone of your voice, pacing, music, and pictures will persuade your nervous system that its time to calm down. A. Admit the importance of sleep. B. The images of things make the brain see and think about other things. C. Emotions are the basis of good communications and healthy relationships.

56、D. Calming down a stressed nervous system will encourage a balanced life. E. Take 10 minutes every morning to give thanks to everyone in your life. F. Recent research has also linked the importance of sleep to behavior. G. Studies reveal（揭示） that women who have healthy relationships with their children and friends actually sleep better.Keys：一、单项选择BCADD二、 阅读理解A: ACDB B: DAC三、 短文7选5AEDGB